EP2563692B1 - Discharge cone - Google Patents
Discharge cone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2563692B1 EP2563692B1 EP11716479.8A EP11716479A EP2563692B1 EP 2563692 B1 EP2563692 B1 EP 2563692B1 EP 11716479 A EP11716479 A EP 11716479A EP 2563692 B1 EP2563692 B1 EP 2563692B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gaps
- apertures
- gas
- discharge
- sections
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/26—Hoppers, i.e. containers having funnel-shaped discharge sections
- B65D88/28—Construction or shape of discharge section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/06—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for dispensing powdered or granular material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
- B65D88/64—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
- B65D88/72—Fluidising devices
Definitions
- thermal conversion of solid fuels is often carried out under elevated pressure and temperature with the aim of a synthesis raw gas with high energy content and / or to produce a composition favorable for further chemical syntheses.
- Possible thermal conversion processes may be, for example, the pressure combustion or the pressure gasification by the fluidized bed or entrained flow process.
- Gas supply elements are introduced in the conical part of a pressure pot in order to achieve a fluidization of the solid bed, with the aim of accomplishing a pneumatic delivery out of the pressure pot out.
- These pipe elements are mounted on the inner sides of the cone, which are equipped with holes for gas supply.
- a lock container which provides inside the conical container part gas supply elements over which the container is brought to target pressure.
- the elements are provided with porous elements through which the gas is supplied.
- the US 2006/013660 A1 describes in detail a fluidizing cone including the required connecting flanges attached to a container.
- the conical inner walls are according to the description of porous material.
- the CH 209 788 describes a storage container for dusty goods with opening into a downpipe funnel, in which a thin layer of air on the funnel wall migrates towards the downpipe without approaching the funnel center, while through the center of the funnel upwardly rising air the dust out to the Funnel wall urges and thereby prevents the formation of bridges.
- the DE 20 2008 00 4 988 U1 discloses a silo for bulk goods.
- silo is out of the FR 758 608 known.
- the gaps are formed by laterally overlapping cone sectors. In further embodiments, it is provided that the gaps run in an oblique direction and the gas outlet side is aligned in a spiral manner in both the tangential and in the direction of the outlet opening, and therefore also has a radial-vertical component. It can further be provided that the gaps are formed by overlapping portions in the form of oblique conic sections.
- the gaps are closed by cover plates which have round or slot-shaped openings.
- the openings may also be formed in a nozzle shape.
- the thickness of the cover sheets may be selected to be 3 times larger than the bore diameter to impart a direction to the gas jet.
- the openings can be provided at smaller intervals in the upper area of the column than in the lower area of the column.
- the holes in the upper region may also have larger cross sections than in the lower region, so that a gas flow which is related to the cone cross-sectional area and adapted to the respective height can be supplied.
- outlet pipes or the outlet nozzles can also be used in further advantageous embodiments, wherein the spatial angles at which the gas jet enters the discharge cone can be selected.
- Ideal are Hereby, depending on the material to be removed, angle to the horizontal of 30 degrees directed upward or downward, and directed by up to 45 degrees in the horizontal plane, measured from the circular tangent, which abuts the gas outlet point, inwards towards the central axis of the discharge cone.
- Fig. 1 shows a storage container 1 with a discharge cone 5 according to the invention
- Fig. 2 and 3 show a discharge cone with columns that run in the vertical direction
- Fig. 4 shows a variant with modified inlet openings
- Fig. 5 shows a Austragskonus with columns having an oblique angle to the central axis.
- Fig. 1 shows a storage container 1 with a discharge cone 5 according to the invention, in which the finely ground fuel 2 is conveyed pneumatically or gravimetrically.
- the gas 3 leaves the storage container 1 via the gas filter 4, while the finely ground fuel reaches the storage container 1, where it sinks into the discharge cone 5.
- the gas 3 is in the case of a pneumatic filling of the storage container 1 from the conveying gas and from the gas, which is displaced by the introduced solid in the container.
- the gas 3 consists essentially of displaced gas.
- the discharge cone 5 encloses a pressure jacket 6, which is acted upon by compressed gas 7.
- the deduction 9 of the finely ground fuel takes place through the lock 8.
- Fig. 2 and 3 each show a discharge cone 5 with columns 10 which extend in the vertical direction, and from which the gas 3 flows in the tangential direction.
- Fig. 2 also shows half the opening angle ⁇ of the discharge cone.
- the gaps are closed with sheets 11, in which bores 12 are introduced, can be introduced through the compressed gas 7 from the pressure jacket 6 in the discharge cone 5.
- Fig. 3 Columns 10, which are hidden from the center line and have a shoulder 13, are those in FIG Fig. 2 shown columns 10 open.
- the variant shown has the advantage that no bulk cone can build up before the holes 12 and a backflow of finely ground Fuel 2 through the holes 12 in the pressure jacket 6 is also omitted if just no gas pressure is applied there, such as intermittent operation.
- the variant is in Fig. 3 to build something more elaborate.
- Fig. 4 shows the in Fig. 3 illustrated variant with modified inlet openings to reduce the high stress of the cone wall by the tangential outflow of the gas jet from the opening in the gap 10.
- the inlet openings are here modified so that the beam direction of the exiting gas jet can be spatially aligned.
- This can be achieved by constructing the sheets 11 (in Fig. 4 not shown) in the columns 10 performs very solid and correspondingly fine holes 12 provides that are embedded in defined angles in the sheets 11, or by thin sheets 11 provides where thin outlet pipes or outlet nozzles 14 are mounted, for example by simple Bending can be aligned in the right direction.
- such outlet tubes or outlet nozzles 14 are mounted flush on the inner side of the cone and thereby projecting on the side facing the outer space, so that it is possible to align the jet direction with simple means on the projecting side.
- the following angles are advantageously established. This is based on a Cartesian coordinate system having its point of origin in the puncture point, one vertical yz plane of which runs parallel to the cone central axis and whose other vertical xy plane intersects the cone central axis and whose third xz plane is the horizontal plane. Be considered in Fig. 4 the angles of the axis of the outlet tubes and the outlet nozzles 14 on the outside of the discharge cone, where they can be easily measured in the assembled state. The same applies analogously to the corresponding gas outlet angles into the discharge cone.
- the angle ⁇ between the projection 15 of the beam axis, which corresponds to the axis of the outlet tubes or the outlet nozzles 14, on the horizontal xz plane, and the tangent 16, which rests on a horizontal section of the cone and passes through the origin point of the coordinate system between 0 and 45 degrees.
- the angle ⁇ between the beam axis corresponding to the axis of the exhaust pipes or the exhaust nozzles 14 and the horizontal xz plane is in the range of 30 degrees upward to 30 degrees downward.
- Fig. 5 shows a further discharge cone with downward columns 10, which extend in a spiral direction.
- the columns 10 are also closed with sheets 11, in which holes 12 are recessed, can be introduced through the compressed gas 7 from the pressure jacket 6 in the discharge cone 5. Due to the spiral arrangement, a discharge behavior of the finely ground fuel can be achieved as in a liquid nozzle.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
Description
Die thermische Umwandlung fester Brennstoffe, wie beispielsweise unterschiedlichster Kohlen, Torf, Hydrierrückstände, Reststoffe, Abfällen, Biomassen und Flugstaub oder einer Mischung aus den genannten Stoffen, wird oft unter erhöhtem Druck und hoher Temperatur durchgeführt mit dem Ziel, ein Synthese-Rohgas mit hohem Energieinhalt und/oder mit einer für weitere chemische Synthesen günstigen Zusammensetzung zu erzeugen. Mögliche thermische Umwandlungsverfahren können beispielsweise die Druckverbrennung oder Druckvergasung nach dem Wirbelschicht- oder Flugstromverfahren sein.The thermal conversion of solid fuels, such as a variety of coals, peat, hydrogenation residues, residues, waste, biomass and fly ash or a mixture of the substances mentioned, is often carried out under elevated pressure and temperature with the aim of a synthesis raw gas with high energy content and / or to produce a composition favorable for further chemical syntheses. Possible thermal conversion processes may be, for example, the pressure combustion or the pressure gasification by the fluidized bed or entrained flow process.
Hierbei besteht die Notwendigkeit, die unter Normaldruck und Umgebungsbedingungen gelagerten Brennstoffe zu feinen Partikeln zu zerkleinern und diese auf das Druckniveau der thermischen Umwandlung zu bringen, um eine Förderung in den Druckreaktor zu ermöglichen. Dazu ist die Förderung und Zwischenspeicherung von fein aufgemahlenen Brennstoffen erforderlich. Um den Brennstoff auf das Druckniveau des Reaktors zu bringen, bedient man sich üblicherweise Schleusensystemen, in denen der Brennstoff in nacheinander geschalteten Behältern auf Druck gebracht wird. Entscheidendes Kriterium für die Betriebssicherheit ist dabei die zuverlässige Entleerbarkeit der Behälter, auch nachdem sie auf hohe Systemdrücke gebracht wurden.There is a need to comminute the fuels stored under normal pressure and ambient conditions into fine particles and bring them to the pressure level of the thermal conversion to allow a promotion in the pressure reactor. This requires the promotion and intermediate storage of finely ground fuels. To bring the fuel to the pressure level of the reactor, it is usually used lock systems in which the fuel is placed in successively connected containers on pressure. The decisive criterion for operational reliability is the reliable emptying of the containers, even after they have been brought to high system pressures.
Um feinst- und feinkörnige Feststoffe aus einem Behälter sicher auszutragen, sind nach dem einschlägig bekannten Stand der Technik prinzipiell verschiedene Ansätze möglich:
- In großen unter Atmosphärendruck stehenden Silos wird der Feststoff häufig mit mechanischen Vorrichtungen, wie z.B. Räumarmen etc., abgezogen.
- Grundsätzlich kann die Feststoffschüttung durch Gaszufuhr entgegen der Schwerkraft in den Wirbelschichtzustand überführt werden. Die Wirbelschicht verhält sich dann ähnlich einer Flüssigkeit und kann über Auslauföffnungen, seitliche Stutzen etc. auslaufen. Nachteilig ist, dass große Gasmengen benötigt werden. Dazu kommt erschwerend, dass sich sehr feine Partikel nur äußerst schwierig in eine homogene Wirbelschicht überführen lassen.
- Eine weitere Möglichkeit, den Feststoffaustrag aus einem Behälter zu ermöglichen, besteht darin, unter Berücksichtigung der Schüttguteigenschaften konische Auslaufgeometrien vorzusehen. Der Feststoffauslauf aus einem Konus heraus kann durch Zugabe von Gas über oder an die Konuswände unterstützt werden. Die Gasmenge ist in der Regel kleiner als die Menge, die zu einer Fluidisierung benötigt würde, aber ausreichend, um die Wandreibung des Schüttguts aufzuheben und/oder um lokale Ansätze zur Brückenbildung zu verhindern.
- In large silos under atmospheric pressure, the solid is often stripped with mechanical devices such as sweeping arms, etc.
- Basically, the solid bed can be converted by gas supply against gravity in the fluidized bed state. The fluidized bed behaves then similar to a liquid and can leak through outlet openings, side nozzles, etc. The disadvantage is that large amounts of gas are needed. To complicate matters, it is very difficult to convert very fine particles into a homogeneous fluidized bed.
- Another way to allow the solids discharge from a container is, taking into account the bulk material properties conical To provide outlet geometries. The solids discharge from a cone can be assisted by adding gas over or to the cone walls. The amount of gas is typically less than the amount that would be required for fluidization, but sufficient to remove the wall friction of the bulk material and / or to prevent localized bridging approaches.
Die letztere Methode ist die bevorzugte Variante in den beschriebenen Vergasungsanlagen, in denen feinkörniger Brennstoff sowohl unter atmosphärischen als auch unter hohen Drücken gehandhabt werden muss. Hierbei wird die benötigte Gasmenge begrenzt und gleichzeitig auf mechanische Einbauten verzichtet.The latter method is the preferred variant in the described gasification plants, where fine-grained fuel must be handled at both atmospheric and high pressures. Here, the required amount of gas is limited and dispensed with mechanical installations at the same time.
Stand der Technik ist es, über poröse Elemente Gas in den Austragskonus zuzuführen. Die porösen Elemente bestehen vorzugsweise aus Sintermetall, können aber auch aus anderen porösen Medien bestehen. Die Verwendung von porösen Materialien bringt einige verfahrens- und betriebstechnische Nachteile mit sich:
- Die zulässige Porengröße orientiert sich am zu handhabenden Feststoff bzw. an dessen Partikelgrößenverteilung. Dabei kann die Porengröße nur auf ein sinnvolles Maß reduziert werden, welches sich aus der gewünschten zurückgehaltenen Partikelgröße und dem Durchströmungsdruckverlust ergibt. In der Praxis kann festgestellt werden, dass sich selbst bei sehr kleinen Porengrößen das poröse Medium im Laufe der Zeit zusetzt. Grund dafür ist, dass der zu handhabende feingemahlene Brennstoff stets eine Partikelgrößenverteilung aufweist, in der auch feinste Partikel vorhanden sind, die sich in die Poren setzen können. Dazu führen Abriebeffekte des Brennstoffs innerhalb des Behälters und beim Handling dazu, dass feinste Partikel entstehen, die ebenfalls die Poren zusetzen würden. Zwar wird versucht, dem Zusetzen des porösen Mediums entgegenzuwirken, indem man permanent einen Gasstrom aufgibt, allerdings zeigt die Praxis, dass dadurch nur die Lebensdauer der porösen Elemente verlängert werden kann, das grundlegende Problem jedoch bleibt.
- Poröses Material hat zwangsläufig eine geringere Festigkeit als vergleichbares Vollmaterial und darf daher mit Gasbeaufschlagung nur so betrieben werden, dass ein maximal zulässiger Druckverlust über dem porösen Material, d.h. eine mechanisch einwirkende Kraft resultierend aus der Druckdifferenz und der überspannten Fläche, nicht überschritten wird. Unsachgemäße Handhabung oder nicht abgesicherte Druckanstiege im Betrieb können daher zu einer Zerstörung des porösen Materials führen.
- Ein weiterer verfahrenstechnischer Nachteil ist, dass poröse Materialien nur mit partikelfreiem Gas beaufschlagt werden dürfen. Es ist nicht möglich z.B. aus Behälterentspannungen anfallendes und mit Partikeln kontaminiertes Gas zu verwenden, da sich die porösen Materialien von Seiten der Gaseinspeisung aus zusetzen würden.
- Die Verarbeitung des porösen Materials in Verbindung mit den im klassischen Behälterbau verwendeten Stählen erfordert besondere fertigungstechnische Fertigkeiten und Erfahrung, insbesondere im Falle einer hochwertigen Verschweißung von beispielsweise Sintermetallen. Dies ist besonders teuer.
- The permissible pore size is based on the solid to be handled or on its particle size distribution. The pore size can only be reduced to a reasonable level, which results from the desired retained particle size and the Durchströmungsdruckverlust. In practice, it can be stated that even with very small pore sizes, the porous medium becomes clogged over time. The reason for this is that the finely ground fuel to be handled always has a particle size distribution, in which even the finest particles are present, which can be put into the pores. In addition, abrasion effects of the fuel within the container and during handling lead to the formation of extremely fine particles which would also clog the pores. While attempts are made to counteract the clogging of the porous media by permanently giving off a gas flow, the practice shows that this can only extend the life of the porous elements, but the fundamental problem remains.
- Porous material inevitably has a lower strength than comparable solid material and may therefore be operated with gas only so that a maximum allowable pressure drop over the porous material, ie a mechanically acting force resulting from the pressure difference and the overstretched area, is not exceeded. Improper handling or unsecured pressure increases during operation can therefore lead to destruction of the porous material.
- Another procedural disadvantage is that porous materials may only be charged with particle-free gas. It is not possible, for example, to use gas produced from container depressions and particle-contaminated gas, since the porous materials would become clogged from the gas feed side.
- The processing of the porous material in conjunction with the steels used in classic container construction requires special manufacturing skills and experience, especially in the case of high-quality welding of, for example, sintered metals. This is especially expensive.
In der
In der
In der
In der
In der
Die
Die
Ein weiteres Silo ist aus der
Es besteht deshalb die Aufgabe, einen mit Gas beaufschlagten Austragskonus zum Austrag eines feinkörnigen Feststoffs aus einem Behälter bereitzustellen, der die verfahrenstechnischen Nachteile bei Verwendung von porösen Materialien überwindet, und dabei die folgenden Anforderungen erfüllt:
- Keine Verwendung von porösen Materialien,
- Unabhängigkeit von der Partikelgrößenverteilung des Schüttgutes,
- Einsetzbarkeit von partikelbeladenen Gasen zur Gasbeaufschlagung,
- Keine Limitierung des zulässigen Druckverlustes.
- No use of porous materials,
- Independence from the particle size distribution of the bulk material,
- Applicability of particle-laden gases for the application of gas,
- No limitation of the permissible pressure loss.
Der erfindungsgemäße Austragskonus löst diese Aufgabe gemäß Anspruch 1
- wobei der Behälter im unteren Bereich einen Austragskonus aufweist,
- welcher in eine Austragsöffnung und Austragsvorrichtung mündet,
- Mittel zur Fluidisierung oder Auflockerung des Feststoffs vorgesehen sind,
- der Austragskonus mindestens einen Öffnungen aufweisenden Versatz in Form eines Spaltes aufweist,
- durch jede der Öffnungen der spaltförmigen Versätze ein Gas zuführbar ist,
- dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
- jeder der spaltförmigen Versätze zur Mittelachse des Austragskonus hin verdeckt ist,
- die spaltförmigen Versätze nicht auf die Mittelachse des Austragskonus ausgerichtet sind, und wobei
- die Spalte der spaltförmigen Versätze durch Deckbleche geschlossen sind, welche runde oder schlitzförmige Öffnungen aufweisen,
- die Spalte in Abwärtsrichtung verlaufen.
- wherein the container has a discharge cone in the lower region,
- which opens into a discharge opening and discharge device,
- Means for fluidizing or loosening the solid are provided
- the discharge cone has at least one offset offset in the form of a gap,
- a gas can be supplied through each of the openings of the gap-shaped offsets,
- characterized in that
- each of the gap-shaped offsets is concealed towards the center axis of the discharge cone,
- the gap-shaped offsets are not aligned with the central axis of the Austragskonus, and wherein
- the gaps of the gap-shaped offsets are closed by cover plates which have round or slot-shaped openings,
- the column run in the downward direction.
In einer Ausgestaltung wird vorgesehen, dass die Spalte durch seitlich überlappende Konussektoren gebildet sind. In weiteren Ausgestaltungen wird vorgesehen, dass die Spalte in schräger Richtung verlaufen und die Gasaustrittsseite in spiraliger Weise sowohl in tangentialer als auch in Richtung der Auslauföffnung ausgerichtet ist, also auch einen radial-vertikalen Anteil hat. Hierbei kann weiter vorgesehen werden, dass die Spalte durch übereinander überlappende Abschnitte in Form von schrägen Kegelschnitten gebildet werden.In one embodiment, it is provided that the gaps are formed by laterally overlapping cone sectors. In further embodiments, it is provided that the gaps run in an oblique direction and the gas outlet side is aligned in a spiral manner in both the tangential and in the direction of the outlet opening, and therefore also has a radial-vertical component. It can further be provided that the gaps are formed by overlapping portions in the form of oblique conic sections.
Erfindungsgemäß sind die Spalte durch Deckbleche geschlossen, welche runde oder schlitzförmige Öffnungen aufweisen. Die Öffnungen können auch in Düsenform ausgeprägt sein. Die Dicke der Deckbleche kann so gewählt werden, sie 3 mal größer als der Bohrungsdurchmesser ist, um dem Gasstrahl eine Richtung aufzuprägen. Die Öffnungen können im oberen Bereich der Spalte in kleineren Abständen vorgesehen werden als im unteren Bereich der Spalte. Auch können die Löcher im oberen Bereich größere Querschnitte aufweisen als im unteren Bereich, damit ein auf die Konusquerschnittsfläche bezogener, in der jeweiligen Höhe angepasster Gasstrom zugeführt werden kann.According to the invention, the gaps are closed by cover plates which have round or slot-shaped openings. The openings may also be formed in a nozzle shape. The thickness of the cover sheets may be selected to be 3 times larger than the bore diameter to impart a direction to the gas jet. The openings can be provided at smaller intervals in the upper area of the column than in the lower area of the column. The holes in the upper region may also have larger cross sections than in the lower region, so that a gas flow which is related to the cone cross-sectional area and adapted to the respective height can be supplied.
Statt Löchern können in weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen auch Auslassrohre oder der Auslassdüsen zum Einsatz kommen, wobei die räumlichen Winkel, in denen der Gasstrahl in den Austragskonus eintritt, wählbar sind. Ideal sind hierbei - je nach Austragsgut - Winkel zur Horizontalen von 30 Grad aufwärts oder abwärts gerichtet, und von bis zu 45 Grad in der horizontalen Ebene gerichtet, gemessen von der Kreistangente, die am Gasaustrittspunkt anliegt, nach innen zur Mittelachse des Austragskonus hin.Instead of holes, outlet pipes or the outlet nozzles can also be used in further advantageous embodiments, wherein the spatial angles at which the gas jet enters the discharge cone can be selected. Ideal are Hereby, depending on the material to be removed, angle to the horizontal of 30 degrees directed upward or downward, and directed by up to 45 degrees in the horizontal plane, measured from the circular tangent, which abuts the gas outlet point, inwards towards the central axis of the discharge cone.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung wird anhand von 5 Zeichnungen erläutert, wobei diese Zeichnungen nur Ausführungsbeispiele für die Konstruktion der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind.The device of the invention will be explained with reference to 5 drawings, these drawings are only exemplary embodiments of the construction of the device according to the invention.
Für die Ausrichtung der Auslassrohre oder der Auslassdüsen 14 werden die folgenden Winkel vorteilhaft eingerichtet. Hierbei wird ein kartesisches Koordinatensystem zugrunde gelegt, welches seinen Ursprungspunkt im Durchstoßpunkt hat, dessen eine vertikale y-z-Ebene parallel zur Konusmittelachse verläuft und deren andere vertikale x-y-Ebene die Konusmittelachse schneidet, und dessen dritte x-z-Ebene die horizontale Ebene ist. Betrachtet werden in
Hierbei liegt der Winkel α zwischen der Projektion 15 der Strahlachse, die der Achse der Auslassrohre oder der Auslassdüsen 14 entspricht, auf der horizontalen x-z-Ebene, und der Tangente 16, die auf einem horizontalen Schnitt des Konus anliegt und durch den Ursprungspunkt des Koordinatensystem läuft, zwischen 0 und 45 Grad. Weiterhin liegt der Winkel β zwischen der Strahlachse, die der Achse der Auslassrohre oder der Auslassdüsen 14 entspricht, und der horizontalen x-z-Ebene im Bereich von 30 Grad aufwärts bis 30 Grad abwärts.Here, the angle α between the
- 11
- Lagerbehälterstorage containers
- 22
- Feingemahlener BrennstoffFinely ground fuel
- 33
- Gasgas
- 44
- Gasfiltergas filter
- 55
- Austragskonusdischarge cone
- 5a5a
- Mittellinie des AustragskonusCenterline of the discharge cone
- 66
- Druckmantelpressure shroud
- 77
- Druckgascompressed gas
- 88th
- Schleuselock
- 99
- Abzugdeduction
- 1010
- Spaltencolumns
- 1111
- Blechesheets
- 1212
- Bohrungendrilling
- 1313
- Absatzparagraph
- 1414
- Auslassrohre oder AuslassdüsenOutlet pipes or outlet nozzles
- 14a14a
- Mittellinie der Auslassrohre oder AuslassdüsenCenter line of outlet pipes or outlet nozzles
- 1515
- Projektionprojection
- 1616
- Tangentetangent
Claims (9)
- A device for discharging a fine-grain solid matter from a tank (1), having a tank (1), a discharge device (8) and means for fluidization,• the tank (1) having a discharge cone (5) in its lower part,• which terminates in a discharge aperture and discharge device (8),• and means for fluidizing or aerating the solid matter being provided,
characterized in that• the discharge cone has staggered sections in the form of gaps (10), said staggered sections having apertures (12), whereby said apertures (12) are arranged in a cover plate (11) that closes the gaps (10), whereby a gas can be supplied through each of the apertures (12) of the gap-shaped staggered sections• each of the gap-shaped staggered sections being obscured towards the central axis (5a) of the discharge cone,• the gap-shaped staggered sections not being aligned to the central axis of the discharge cone, and• the gaps of the staggered sections being closed by cover plates (11) which have round or slit-shaped apertures (12),• the gaps (10) extending in downwards direction. - A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the gaps (10) are formed by laterally overlapping conical sectors.
- A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the gaps (10) extend in an oblique direction and the gas outlet side is spirally aligned both in a tangential direction and in the direction of the outlet aperture.
- A device according to claim 3, characterized in that the gaps (10) are formed by overlapping sections in the form of oblique conical sections.
- A device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the apertures (12) are shaped in the form of nozzles.
- A device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the selected thickness of the cover plates (11) is at least 3 times greater than the bore diameter (12).
- A device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the apertures (12) are provided closer together or also have larger cross sections in the upper part of the gaps (10) than in the lower part.
- A device according one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the horizontal projection the center lines of the apertures form an angle of between 0 degrees and 45 degrees in relation to a tangent placed at the discharge cone.
- A device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the center lines of the apertures are inclined at an angle of between 0 and 30 degrees upwards or downwards in relation to the horizontal line.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010018841A DE102010018841A1 (en) | 2010-04-29 | 2010-04-29 | discharge cone |
PCT/EP2011/001747 WO2011134594A1 (en) | 2010-04-29 | 2011-04-08 | Discharge cone |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2563692A1 EP2563692A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
EP2563692B1 true EP2563692B1 (en) | 2014-08-13 |
Family
ID=44059040
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11716479.8A Not-in-force EP2563692B1 (en) | 2010-04-29 | 2011-04-08 | Discharge cone |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130202369A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2563692B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20130113924A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102892689A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2011247444A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112012027426A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2796528A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010018841A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2012146438A (en) |
TW (1) | TW201201897A (en) |
UA (1) | UA107828C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011134594A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201208938B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102862833A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-01-09 | 常州大学 | Dense-phase filling device of catalyst |
WO2014201556A1 (en) | 2013-06-17 | 2014-12-24 | Hatch Ltd. | Feed flow conditioner for particulate feed materials |
EP3205605B1 (en) * | 2016-02-11 | 2021-05-26 | IBAU Hamburg Ingenieurgesellschaft | Vortex discharge |
BR112019004105B1 (en) * | 2016-09-02 | 2022-08-09 | Vulco S.A. | HYDROCYCLONE AND GAS INLET DEVICE |
Family Cites Families (22)
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FR758608A (en) * | 1933-07-19 | 1934-01-20 | Buehler Freres Soc | Silo for the storage of bulk materials, particularly grain |
CH209788A (en) | 1938-06-07 | 1940-04-30 | Hannoversche Maschinenbau Acti | Storage container for powdery goods with a funnel opening into a downpipe. |
US2884230A (en) * | 1955-11-18 | 1959-04-28 | Halliburton Oil Well Cementing | Pneumatic blender |
DE1129892B (en) * | 1960-09-26 | 1962-05-17 | Peters Ag Claudius | Emptying device for flat-bottomed silos for dusty or fine-grained goods |
US3099494A (en) * | 1961-06-06 | 1963-07-30 | Fmc Corp | Feed device with fluid activated rippling sheets |
US3305142A (en) * | 1965-05-21 | 1967-02-21 | Ducon Co | Aerating apparatus |
CH455646A (en) * | 1965-12-21 | 1968-07-15 | Werner & Pfleiderer | Air-permeable wall element for storage or conveyors for powdery substances |
US3797707A (en) * | 1971-04-20 | 1974-03-19 | Jenike And Johanson Inc | Bins for storage and flow of bulk solids |
US3713564A (en) * | 1971-06-25 | 1973-01-30 | Butler Manufacturing Co | Method and means for facilitating the flow of granular materials |
US4496076A (en) * | 1982-04-16 | 1985-01-29 | Global Manufacturing Co. Inc. | Multiple blast aerator system |
US4941779A (en) | 1987-09-18 | 1990-07-17 | Shell Oil Company | Compartmented gas injection device |
FI80430C (en) | 1988-05-25 | 1990-06-11 | Partek Ab | Output device |
JP2775296B2 (en) | 1988-06-21 | 1998-07-16 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ | Vent tube release control device |
US4943190A (en) * | 1988-06-21 | 1990-07-24 | Shell Oil Company | Aeration tube discharge control device with variable fluidic valve |
US5106240A (en) | 1988-06-21 | 1992-04-21 | Shell Oil Company | Aerated discharge device |
DE4108048A1 (en) | 1991-03-13 | 1992-09-17 | Thyssen Stahl Ag | METHOD FOR FLUIDIZING AND PNEUMATICALLY CONVEYING FINE-GRAINED SOLIDS, AND RELATED DEVICE |
GB9801132D0 (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 1998-03-18 | Cadbury Schweppes Plc | Method and apparatus of coating articles |
US6871457B2 (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2005-03-29 | Hylsa, S.A. De C.V. | Vessel for enabling a uniform gravity driven flow of particulate bulk material therethrough, and direct reduction reactor incorporating same |
ATE354533T1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2007-03-15 | Shell Int Research | VESSEL FOR STORING PARTICLE MATERIAL AND DISCHARGE DEVICE FOR USE THEREOF |
US20090218371A1 (en) | 2003-03-25 | 2009-09-03 | Wouter Detlof Berggren | Sluice Vessel and Method of Operating Such a Sluice Vessel |
DE202008004988U1 (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2009-08-13 | Claudius Peters Technologies Gmbh | Silo for bulk goods |
CN201292166Y (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2009-08-19 | 哈尔滨北方通用机电设备工程有限公司 | Storage hopper center feeder |
-
2010
- 2010-04-29 DE DE102010018841A patent/DE102010018841A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2011
- 2011-04-08 KR KR1020127031053A patent/KR20130113924A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-04-08 AU AU2011247444A patent/AU2011247444A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-04-08 US US13/643,677 patent/US20130202369A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-04-08 CA CA2796528A patent/CA2796528A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-04-08 BR BR112012027426A patent/BR112012027426A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-04-08 UA UAA201212286A patent/UA107828C2/en unknown
- 2011-04-08 EP EP11716479.8A patent/EP2563692B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-04-08 CN CN2011800200981A patent/CN102892689A/en active Pending
- 2011-04-08 WO PCT/EP2011/001747 patent/WO2011134594A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-04-08 RU RU2012146438/12A patent/RU2012146438A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-04-28 TW TW100114846A patent/TW201201897A/en unknown
-
2012
- 2012-11-27 ZA ZA2012/08938A patent/ZA201208938B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2011247444A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
BR112012027426A2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
US20130202369A1 (en) | 2013-08-08 |
CA2796528A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
CN102892689A (en) | 2013-01-23 |
UA107828C2 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
ZA201208938B (en) | 2014-02-26 |
TW201201897A (en) | 2012-01-16 |
KR20130113924A (en) | 2013-10-16 |
RU2012146438A (en) | 2014-06-10 |
WO2011134594A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
EP2563692A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
DE102010018841A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
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