EP2477751B1 - Method and device for conveying and distributing powders in a gas stream - Google Patents

Method and device for conveying and distributing powders in a gas stream Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2477751B1
EP2477751B1 EP10754292.0A EP10754292A EP2477751B1 EP 2477751 B1 EP2477751 B1 EP 2477751B1 EP 10754292 A EP10754292 A EP 10754292A EP 2477751 B1 EP2477751 B1 EP 2477751B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
powder
container
fill level
impinged
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Not-in-force
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EP10754292.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2477751A1 (en
Inventor
Eckart Theophile
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Relyon Plasma GmbH
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Reinhausen Plasma GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/20—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion
    • B05B7/201—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle
    • B05B7/205—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle the material to be sprayed being originally a particulate material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and apparatus for conveying and distributing powders in a gas stream.
  • Such methods and conveyors are used for feeding metered quantities of fine-grained powders, in particular for coatings. Powder deposits and agglomerations of the powder in the conveyor as well as the powder flow paths must be avoided.
  • the DE 44 23 197 discloses a powder powder pump for spray coating articles in a rod-like elongated shape.
  • the powder pump On one end face, the powder pump has a powder suction opening over which Powder is sucked from an open-topped powder container and conveyed through an inner tube of the powder pump to a consumer.
  • the promotion itself is done by generating a vacuum in the powder pump.
  • the vacuum is created with an injector nozzle located near the powder suction port.
  • the DE 10 2006 002 582 A1 discloses a powder conveyor with a fluidising unit.
  • the fluidizing unit is arranged at the end of a powder suction pipe of the powder conveyor and blows in the intake of the powder suction fluidizing air into the powder supply, so that the powder can be fluidized and thus easier to be sucked and transported.
  • the fluidising unit is arranged above and concentric with the powder suction opening. As a result, a screen-shaped fluidized powder region forms around the intake opening.
  • the promotion takes place by means of an injector operating with compressed air, which is connected to the opposite of the Fluidisiertechnik end of Pulveransaugrohres. Fluidization directly below the Pulveransaugö réelle done by design not.
  • annular fluidization improves the suction of the powder, the constancy of the amount of powder in the suction is not optimal. Furthermore, agglomerates of the powder are insufficiently dissolved and largely sucked directly through the powder suction. This leads to problems, in particular in downstream coating processes which require a constant layer thickness.
  • the US patent application US 2009/110529 A1 discloses a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and describes a method for transferring shredded clay material for use in drilling fluids.
  • a pneumatic transfer vessel is provided to provide the shredded clay material. Air can be injected into the transfer vessel via an air inlet. The air inlet is designed as a lance projecting into the transfer vessel, the mouth of which is directed from above onto a surface of the shredded clay material in the pneumatic transfer barrel. The air-impacted, crushed clay material is transferred via a line into a storage container.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a method for conveying and distributing powders in a gas stream, the promotion of extremely fine powders, especially those with a particle size of less than 10 microns, with small amounts of gas allowed in the case of agglomerations of the powder are nevertheless avoided or dissolved and at the same time a uniform distribution of the powder is achieved in the gas stream. Furthermore, a simple device for agglomeration-free promotion and even distribution of particularly extremely fine powders (with a particle size of less than 10 microns) in a gas stream with small amounts of gas to be proposed.
  • This object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned above in that the level of the powder in the closed container is kept constantly above a minimum level, and the powder below the minimum level on the at least one standing in contact with the powder gas inlet directly Gas is applied.
  • the periodic loading of the powder with the pressurized gas causes the powder to be swirled up into the free space above the powder and distributed there.
  • the pressure pulses dissolve any agglomerates of the powder.
  • the resulting above the ambient pressure in the interior of the closed container due to the gas pressure overpressure causes the thus whirled powder / gas mixture flows out in the direction of each arranged above the maximum level of the container outlet.
  • An optimal distribution of the powder in the gas space above the powder level is achieved by a low-frequency loading of the powder in a range of 1 Hz to 100 Hz.
  • the overpressure of the introduced into the closed container (pressure vessel) gas is preferably in the range of 100 mbar to 5 bar.
  • a higher delivery rate is achieved in that the powder is acted upon by several, in particular four gas inlets with the gas under pressure.
  • the distribution of the powder in the gas and the dissolution of existing agglomerates can be improved by mixing the powder over several the gas is applied to the gas inlets that are triggered in succession.
  • the gas pressure pulses act on the powder without time interruptions between two successive gas pressure pulses. If the gas inlets are arranged uniformly over the circumference of the container, preferably in a container level, the admission takes place circumferentially around the container.
  • a further improvement in the swirling and distribution of the powder in the space above the powder in the container is achieved when the application of one or more gas jets at an angle of at most 45 degrees to the surface of the powder. It is assumed that the surface of the powder bed is essentially flat.
  • the level of the powder in the closed container is always kept above a minimum fill level and the powder is directly exposed to gas below the minimum fill level via at least one gas inlet in contact with the powder ,
  • the pressure pulses are particularly effectively transferred to the powder and dissolved as a result, the agglomerates extremely effective.
  • the pressurized gas flows through the powder into the overlying free space and conveys the powder / gas mixture fluidized by the pressure pulses toward each outlet.
  • the outlet can be connected in an advantageous embodiment of the invention with a hose, with which the powder / gas mixture is fed to another process, in particular a coating process.
  • the powder is replenished from a refill container via an inlet into the container.
  • the refill container is under the same overpressure as the closed container, is refilled in the.
  • the level of the powder is kept in the closed container constantly above a minimum level.
  • a particularly effective periodic loading of the powder with gas under overpressure is preferably carried out by means of a directed gas jet.
  • each gas inlet is located at a nozzle that projects in particular into the interior of the container, but at least opens into the interior of the container.
  • the nozzle has a corresponding angle of attack.
  • the closed container for receiving the powder is designed in particular circular-cylindrical.
  • the gas inlets are preferably arranged in a plane of the circular cylindrical container over its circumference, so that the center angle coincides between all gas inlets.
  • the individual inlets are supplied with the aid of control means, in particular a valve control, periodically with gas.
  • the individual inlets can be subjected to gas in succession or partially overlapping in time or in a temporally overlapping manner. In the latter case, all gas inlets are simultaneously exposed to gas in a periodic sequence.
  • the circulating admission via several inlets can take place with short interruptions, so that at least temporarily no gas enters the container via any of the inlets.
  • At least one nozzle is arranged parallel to a secant with respect to the circular bottom of the container, the secant being at a distance from the latter Center runs.
  • the closed container is connected via a pipe to a refilling container for the powder, wherein from the preferably larger refill container powder automatically runs in the closed container for the distribution and delivery of the powder.
  • the mouth of extending into the interior of the container pipe is just below the maximum level of the container.
  • FIG. 1 Apparatus for conveying and distributing powders 5 in a gas stream, hereinafter referred to as "powder conveyor” 1 for short, consists essentially of a closed container 2, which is connected via a gas inlet 3 with means, not shown, for supplying gas.
  • the container 2 is filled to a maximum level 4 with a fine powder 5, which is to be supplied to a subsequent process, in particular a coating process.
  • the outlet 6 is in particular equipped with a connection for a hose line 19 for the forwarding of the powder / gas mixture 7 to the downstream process.
  • the means for gas supply connected to the gas inlet 3 comprise as control means for the periodic control of the gas, in particular a valve control with which a pressurized gas in a periodic sequence via the gas inlet 3 is introduced into the interior of the container 2.
  • the valve control operates, for example, at a frequency of 10 Hz.
  • the height of the gas pressure is determined such that the pressure inside the container 2 is higher than the ambient pressure, whereby pressure losses in a hose line possibly connected to the powder outlet up to its mouth are to be considered ,
  • the introduced gas is preferably an inert gas to prevent dust explosions in the container 2.
  • the gas inlet 3 opens directly into the powder 5.
  • the gas inlets 3 it is also possible to arrange the gas inlets 3 above the maximum level 4 of the powder 5, so that the gas on the surface. 9 of the powder 5 hits.
  • the powder conveyor 1 after FIG. 2a differs from the powder conveyor after FIG. 1 in that the gas inlet 3 is located on a nozzle 10 which runs parallel to a secant 11 with respect to the circular bottom 12 of the container 2.
  • a spiral flow 13 of the powder / gas mixture 7 is generated in the container 2.
  • the outlet 6 having channel 8 is as out FIG. 2a recognizable, also aligned parallel to a secant with respect to the circular bottom 2 of the container 2.
  • FIG. 2b shows a preferred embodiment of the powder conveyor 1 according to the invention with four offset by 90 degrees to each other, but arranged in a plane, gas inlets 3a - d and two outlets 6a - b for the powder / gas mixture 7.
  • the periodic loading of the gas inlets 3a - d with The pressurized gas can be simultaneously.
  • the gas inlets 3a-d are acted upon in chronological succession with the gas under overpressure, so that the gas from the gas supply unit outgoing pressure pulses to the container 2 circulate.
  • FIG. 3 shows a modification of the device according to FIG. 1 ,
  • the powder conveyor 1 differs essentially in that it two in the interior of the
  • Container 2 projecting nozzles 10 having an angle of attack 14 of about 25 degrees to the bottom 12 of the container 2, which have the gas inlets 3a - b. This angle of attack improves the dissolution of agglomerates in the fine powder 5.
  • the piping 16 for refilling the powder 5 extends into the interior of the container 2, with its mouth, as in particular FIG. 5a recognizable, just below the maximum level 4 of the container 2 is located.
  • the powder supply 18 in the refill container 15 is under the same pressure which also prevails in the interior of the container 2.
  • FIG. 6 shows an application example of the powder conveyor according to the invention 1.
  • the outlet 6 of the powder conveyor 1 is connected via a hose 19 with a beam generator 20 for generating a collimated plasma beam 21 by arc discharge.
  • the powder / gas mixture 7 is introduced in the region of its outlet 22.
  • the finely divided powder 5 is deposited with the plasma jet 21 on the surface 23 of an object 24.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Fördern und Verteilen von Pulvern in einem Gasstrom.The invention relates to a method and apparatus for conveying and distributing powders in a gas stream.

Derartige Verfahren und Förderer kommen zur Zuführung dosierter Mengen von feinkörnigen Pulvern, insbesondere für Beschichtungen, zum Einsatz. Pulverablagerungen und Agglomerationen des Pulvers in dem Förderer sowie den Pulverströmungswegen müssen vermieden werden.Such methods and conveyors are used for feeding metered quantities of fine-grained powders, in particular for coatings. Powder deposits and agglomerations of the powder in the conveyor as well as the powder flow paths must be avoided.

Die Förderung extrem feiner Pulver mit Korngrößen von weniger als 10 µm ist mit bekannten Fördervorrichtungen praktisch nicht möglich. Unterhalb dieser Korngröße nehmen die Adhäsionskräfte zwischen den Pulverpartikeln erheblich zu. Die Oberfläche der Partikel vergrößert sich im Verhältnis zum Volumen erheblich. Ein Würfel mit einer Kantenlänge von 1 cm weist eine Oberfläche von 0,006 m2 auf. Das gleiche Volumen mit Partikeln von fünf Nanometern Kantenlänge aufgefüllt, weist indes eine Oberfläche von 2.400 m2 auf. Die starke Zunahme der Oberflächenkräfte behindert die Förderung derart kleiner Partikel. Nur durch permanente Energieeinkopplung, insbesondere hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten, die mit einem hohen Gas- bzw. Luftverbrauch einhergehen, kann ein Agglomerieren des Pulver-/Gasgemisches vermieden werden. Hohe Gasvolumenströme sind jedoch in verschiedenen nachgeschalteten Arbeitsprozessen, wie beispielsweise bei Plasma-Beschichtungsprozessen oder Laser- Beschichtungsprozessen, nachteilig. Darüber hinaus bedingen hohe Gasvolumenströme einen höheren Energieeinsatz für die Förderung. Außerdem gibt es nachgeschaltete Prozesse, bei denen das Pulver-/Gasgemisch die Verwendung von Inertgasen erfordert. Aufgrund der hohen Kosten von Inertgasen ist auch aus diesem Grund eine Reduktion des Gasverbrauchs wünschenswert.The promotion of extremely fine powders with particle sizes of less than 10 microns is virtually impossible with known conveyors. Below this grain size, the adhesion forces between the powder particles increase considerably. The surface of the particles increases considerably in relation to the volume. A cube with an edge length of 1 cm has a surface of 0.006 m 2 . The same volume filled with particles of five nanometers edge length, however, has a surface area of 2,400 m 2 . The large increase in surface forces hinders the promotion of such small particles. Only by permanent energy coupling, in particular high flow velocities, which are associated with a high gas or air consumption, agglomeration of the powder / gas mixture can be avoided. However, high gas volume flows are disadvantageous in various downstream working processes, for example in plasma coating processes or laser coating processes. In addition, high gas flow rates require a higher energy input for the promotion. There are also downstream processes where the powder / gas mixture requires the use of inert gases. Due to the high cost of inert gases, a reduction in gas consumption is also desirable for this reason.

Die DE 44 23 197 offenbart eine Pulverpumpe für Pulver zum Sprühbeschichten von Gegenständen in einer stabartig länglichen Form. An einer Stirnseite weist die Pulverpumpe eine Pulveransaugöffnung auf, über die Pulver aus einem nach oben offenen Pulverbehälter angesaugt und durch ein inneres Rohr der Pulverpumpe zu einem Verbraucher befördert wird. Die Förderung selbst erfolgt durch Erzeugung eines Vakuums in der Pulverpumpe. Das Vakuum wird mit einer Injektordüse erzeugt, die sich in der Nähe der Pulveransaugöffnung befindet.The DE 44 23 197 discloses a powder powder pump for spray coating articles in a rod-like elongated shape. On one end face, the powder pump has a powder suction opening over which Powder is sucked from an open-topped powder container and conveyed through an inner tube of the powder pump to a consumer. The promotion itself is done by generating a vacuum in the powder pump. The vacuum is created with an injector nozzle located near the powder suction port.

Die DE 10 2006 002 582 A1 offenbart einen Pulverförderer mit einer Fluidisiereinheit. Die Fluidisiereinheit ist am Ende eines Pulveransaugrohrs des Pulverförderers angeordnet und bläst im Ansaugbereich des Pulveransaugrohrs Fluidisierluft in den Pulvervorrat, so dass das Pulver fluidisiert und dadurch einfacher angesaugt und transportiert werden kann. Die Fluidisiereinheit ist oberhalb und konzentrisch zur Pulveransaugöffnung angeordnet. Hierdurch bildet sich ein schirmförmiger fluidisierter Pulverbereich um die Ansaugöffnung herum aus. Die Förderung erfolgt mittels eines mit Druckluft arbeitenden Injektors, der an dem der Fluidisiereinheit gegenüberliegenden Ende des Pulveransaugrohres angeschlossen ist. Eine Fluidisierung direkt unterhalb der Pulveransaugöffnung erfolgt konstruktionsbedingt nicht. Obwohl die ringförmige Fluidisierung das Ansaugen des Pulvers verbessert, ist die Konstanz der Pulvermenge beim Ansaugen nicht optimal. Des Weiteren werden Agglomerate des Pulvers nur unzureichend aufgelöst und größtenteils unmittelbar durch die Pulveransaugöffnung abgesaugt. Dies führt insbesondere bei nachgeschalteten Beschichtungsprozessen, die eine gleich bleibende Schichtdicke erfordern, zu Problemen.The DE 10 2006 002 582 A1 discloses a powder conveyor with a fluidising unit. The fluidizing unit is arranged at the end of a powder suction pipe of the powder conveyor and blows in the intake of the powder suction fluidizing air into the powder supply, so that the powder can be fluidized and thus easier to be sucked and transported. The fluidising unit is arranged above and concentric with the powder suction opening. As a result, a screen-shaped fluidized powder region forms around the intake opening. The promotion takes place by means of an injector operating with compressed air, which is connected to the opposite of the Fluidisiereinheit end of Pulveransaugrohres. Fluidization directly below the Pulveransaugöffnung done by design not. Although the annular fluidization improves the suction of the powder, the constancy of the amount of powder in the suction is not optimal. Furthermore, agglomerates of the powder are insufficiently dissolved and largely sucked directly through the powder suction. This leads to problems, in particular in downstream coating processes which require a constant layer thickness.

Die US-Patentanmeldung US 2009/110529 A1 offenbart ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und beschreibt ein Verfahren zum Übertragen von zerkleinertem Tonmaterial zur Verwendung in Bohrflüssigkeiten. Zur Bereitstellung des zerkleinerten Tonmaterials ist ein pneumatisches Überführungsgefäß vorgesehen. In das Überführungsgefäß kann über einen Lufteinlass Luft injiziert werden. Der Lufteinlass ist als in das Überführungsgefäß ragende Lanzeausgestaltet, deren Mündung von oben auf eine Oberfläche des zerkleinerten Tonmaterials im pneumatischen Übertragungsfass gerichtet ist. Das luftbeaufschlagte, zerkleinerte Tonmaterial wird über eine Leitung in einen Lagerbehälter transferiert.The US patent application US 2009/110529 A1 discloses a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and describes a method for transferring shredded clay material for use in drilling fluids. To provide the shredded clay material, a pneumatic transfer vessel is provided. Air can be injected into the transfer vessel via an air inlet. The air inlet is designed as a lance projecting into the transfer vessel, the mouth of which is directed from above onto a surface of the shredded clay material in the pneumatic transfer barrel. The air-impacted, crushed clay material is transferred via a line into a storage container.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Verfahren zum Fördern und Verteilen von Pulvern in einem Gasstrom zu schaffen, das die Förderung von extrem feinen Pulvern, insbesondere solchen mit einer Korngröße von weniger als 10 µm, mit geringen Gasmengen erlaubt, bei dem gleichwohl Agglomerationen des Pulvers vermieden oder aufgelöst werden und zugleich eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des Pulvers im Gasstrom erreicht wird. Des Weiteren soll eine einfach aufgebaute Vorrichtung zur agglomerationsfreien Förderung und gleichmäßigen Verteilung von insbesondere extrem feinen Pulvern (mit einer Korngröße von weniger als 10 µm) in einem Gasstrom mit geringen Gasmengen vorgeschlagen werden.Based on this prior art, the invention is based on the object to provide a method for conveying and distributing powders in a gas stream, the promotion of extremely fine powders, especially those with a particle size of less than 10 microns, with small amounts of gas allowed in the case of agglomerations of the powder are nevertheless avoided or dissolved and at the same time a uniform distribution of the powder is achieved in the gas stream. Furthermore, a simple device for agglomeration-free promotion and even distribution of particularly extremely fine powders (with a particle size of less than 10 microns) in a gas stream with small amounts of gas to be proposed.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art dadurch gelöst, dass der Füllstand des Pulvers in dem geschlossenen Behälter ständig oberhalb eines minimalen Füllstandes gehalten wird, und das Pulver unterhalb des minimalen Füllstandes über den mindestens einen mit dem Pulver in Kontakt stehenden Gaseinlass unmittelbar mit Gas beaufschlagt wird.This object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned above in that the level of the powder in the closed container is kept constantly above a minimum level, and the powder below the minimum level on the at least one standing in contact with the powder gas inlet directly Gas is applied.

Die periodische Beaufschlagung des Pulvers mit dem unter Überdruck stehenden Gas führt dazu, dass das Pulver in den Freiraum oberhalb des Pulvers aufgewirbelt und dort verteilt wird. Gleichzeitig lösen die Druckimpulse etwaige Agglomerate des Pulvers auf. Der sich im Inneren des geschlossenen Behälters aufgrund der Gaseinleitung einstellende Überdruck oberhalb des Umgebungsdrucks bewirkt, dass das derart aufgewirbelte Pulver-/Gasgemisch in Richtung jedes oberhalb des maximalen Füllstandes des Behälters angeordneten Auslasses ausströmt.The periodic loading of the powder with the pressurized gas causes the powder to be swirled up into the free space above the powder and distributed there. At the same time, the pressure pulses dissolve any agglomerates of the powder. The resulting above the ambient pressure in the interior of the closed container due to the gas pressure overpressure causes the thus whirled powder / gas mixture flows out in the direction of each arranged above the maximum level of the container outlet.

Eine optimale Verteilung des Pulvers in dem Gasraum oberhalb des Pulverfüllstandes wird durch eine niederfrequente Beaufschlagung des Pulvers in einem Bereich von 1 Hz bis 100 Hz erreicht. Der Überdruck des in den geschlossenen Behälter (Druckbehälter) eingeleiteten Gases liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich von 100 mbar bis 5 bar.An optimal distribution of the powder in the gas space above the powder level is achieved by a low-frequency loading of the powder in a range of 1 Hz to 100 Hz. The overpressure of the introduced into the closed container (pressure vessel) gas is preferably in the range of 100 mbar to 5 bar.

Eine höhere Förderleistung wird dadurch erreicht, dass das Pulver über mehrere, insbesondere vier Gaseinlässe mit dem unter Überdruck stehenden Gas beaufschlagt wird.A higher delivery rate is achieved in that the powder is acted upon by several, in particular four gas inlets with the gas under pressure.

Die Verteilung des Pulvers in dem Gas und die Auflösung vorhandener Agglomerate kann dadurch verbessert werden, dass das Pulver über mehrere zeitlich aufeinander folgend angesteuerte Gaseinlässe mit dem Gas beaufschlagt wird. Vorzugsweise wirken die Gasdruck-Impulse ohne zeitliche Unterbrechungen zwischen zwei aufeinander folgenden Gasdruck-Impulsen auf das Pulver ein. Wenn die Gaseinlässe gleichmäßig über den Umfang des Behälters, vorzugsweise in einer Behälterebene, angeordnet sind, erfolgt die Beaufschlagung umlaufend um den Behälter herum.The distribution of the powder in the gas and the dissolution of existing agglomerates can be improved by mixing the powder over several the gas is applied to the gas inlets that are triggered in succession. Preferably, the gas pressure pulses act on the powder without time interruptions between two successive gas pressure pulses. If the gas inlets are arranged uniformly over the circumference of the container, preferably in a container level, the admission takes place circumferentially around the container.

Eine weitere Verbesserung der Verwirbelung und Verteilung des Pulvers in dem Freiraum oberhalb des Pulvers in dem Behälter wird erreicht, wenn die Beaufschlagung mit einem oder mehreren Gasstrahlen unter einem Anstellwinkel von maximal 45 Grad zur Oberfläche des Pulvers erfolgt. Dabei wird davon ausgegangen, dass die Oberfläche der Pulverschüttung im Wesentlichen eben ist.A further improvement in the swirling and distribution of the powder in the space above the powder in the container is achieved when the application of one or more gas jets at an angle of at most 45 degrees to the surface of the powder. It is assumed that the surface of the powder bed is essentially flat.

Bei Pulvern, die zu starker Agglomeratbildung neigen, wird in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung der Füllstand des Pulvers in dem geschlossenen Behälter ständig oberhalb eines minimalen Füllstandes gehalten und das Pulver unterhalb des minimalen Füllstandes über mindestens einen mit dem Pulver in Kontakt stehenden Gaseinlass unmittelbar mit Gas beaufschlagt. Hierdurch werden die Druckimpulse besonders wirksam auf das Pulver übertragen und in Folge dessen die Agglomerate äußerst wirksam aufgelöst. Das unter Druck stehende Gas strömt durch das Pulver in den darüber liegenden Freiraum und fördert das durch die Druckimpulse aufgewirbelte Pulver-/Gasgemisch in Richtung jedes Auslasses.In the case of powders which tend to agglomerate excessively, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention the level of the powder in the closed container is always kept above a minimum fill level and the powder is directly exposed to gas below the minimum fill level via at least one gas inlet in contact with the powder , As a result, the pressure pulses are particularly effectively transferred to the powder and dissolved as a result, the agglomerates extremely effective. The pressurized gas flows through the powder into the overlying free space and conveys the powder / gas mixture fluidized by the pressure pulses toward each outlet.

Der Auslass kann in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung mit einem Schlauch verbunden sein, mit dem das Pulver-/Gasgemisch einem weiteren Prozess, insbesondere einem Beschichtungsprozess zugeführt wird.The outlet can be connected in an advantageous embodiment of the invention with a hose, with which the powder / gas mixture is fed to another process, in particular a coating process.

Um eine kontinuierliche Pulverförderung sicher zu stellen, wird in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung das Pulver aus einem Nachfüllbehälter über einen Einlass in den Behälter nachgefüllt. Der Nachfüllbehälter steht dabei unter dem gleichen Überdruck, wie der geschlossene Behälter, in den nachgefüllt wird. Vorzugsweise wird dabei der Füllstand des Pulvers in dem geschlossenen Behälter ständig oberhalb eines minimalen Füllstandes gehalten. Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 8.In order to ensure continuous powder delivery, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the powder is replenished from a refill container via an inlet into the container. The refill container is under the same overpressure as the closed container, is refilled in the. Preferably, the level of the powder is kept in the closed container constantly above a minimum level. A device according to the invention for carrying out the method results from the features of claim 8.

Eine besonders wirksame periodische Beaufschlagung des Pulvers mit unter Überdruck stehendem Gas erfolgt vorzugsweise mittels eines gerichteten Gasstrahls. Zur Erzeugung des gerichteten Gasstrahls befindet sich jeder Gaseinlass an einer insbesondere in das Innere des Behälters hineinragenden, zumindest jedoch im Inneren des Behälters mündenden Düse. Um die Beaufschlagung des Pulvers unter einem Anstellwinkel von maximal 45 Grad zur Oberfläche des Pulvers zu gewährleisten, weist die Düse einen entsprechenden Anstellwinkel auf.A particularly effective periodic loading of the powder with gas under overpressure is preferably carried out by means of a directed gas jet. In order to generate the directed gas jet, each gas inlet is located at a nozzle that projects in particular into the interior of the container, but at least opens into the interior of the container. To the Applying the powder at an angle of at most 45 degrees to ensure the surface of the powder, the nozzle has a corresponding angle of attack.

Der geschlossene Behälter zur Aufnahme des Pulvers ist insbesondere kreiszylindrisch ausgestaltet. Die Gaseinlässe sind in einer Ebene des kreiszylindrischen Behälters vorzugsweise über dessen Umfang angeordnet, so dass der Mittelpunktswinkel zwischen sämtlichen Gaseinlässen übereinstimmt. Die einzelnen Einlässe werden mit Hilfe von Steuerungsmitteln, insbesondere einer Ventilsteuerung, periodisch mit Gas beaufschlagt. Die einzelnen Einlässe können zeitlich aufeinander folgend oder zeitlich teilweise oder vollständig überlappend mit Gas beaufschlagt werden. Im letzten Fall werden sämtliche Gaseinlässe gleichzeitig in periodischer Folge mit Gas beaufschlagt.The closed container for receiving the powder is designed in particular circular-cylindrical. The gas inlets are preferably arranged in a plane of the circular cylindrical container over its circumference, so that the center angle coincides between all gas inlets. The individual inlets are supplied with the aid of control means, in particular a valve control, periodically with gas. The individual inlets can be subjected to gas in succession or partially overlapping in time or in a temporally overlapping manner. In the latter case, all gas inlets are simultaneously exposed to gas in a periodic sequence.

Weiter kann die umlaufende Beaufschlagung über mehrere Einlässe, je nach Beschaffenheit des zu fördernden Pulvers und dem erforderlichen Förderstrom, mit kurzen Unterbrechungen erfolgen, so dass zumindest zeitweilig über keinen der Einlässe Gas in den Behälter gelangt.Furthermore, the circulating admission via several inlets, depending on the nature of the powder to be conveyed and the required flow rate, can take place with short interruptions, so that at least temporarily no gas enters the container via any of the inlets.

Um eine spiralförmige Strömung des Pulver-/Gasgemisches in dem Behälter in Richtung von dessen Auslass zu erzeugen, ist in einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung mindestens eine Düse parallel zu einer Sekante in Bezug auf den kreisförmigen Boden des Behälters angeordnet, wobei die Sekante im Abstand zu dessen Mittelpunkt verläuft.In order to produce a spiral flow of the powder / gas mixture in the container in the direction of its outlet, in one embodiment of the invention at least one nozzle is arranged parallel to a secant with respect to the circular bottom of the container, the secant being at a distance from the latter Center runs.

Um einen kontinuierlichen Betrieb der Fördervorrichtung zu gewährleisten, ist der geschlossene Behälter über eine Rohrleitung mit einem Nachfüllbehälter für das Pulver verbunden, wobei aus dem vorzugsweise größeren Nachfüllbehälter Pulver automatisch in den geschlossenen Behälter für die Verteilung und Förderung des Pulvers nachläuft. Um ein Überschreiten des maximalen Füllstandes beim automatischen Nachfüllen auszuschließen, befindet sich die Mündung der sich in das Innere des Behälters erstreckenden Rohrleitung knapp unterhalb des maximalen Füllstandes des Behälters.In order to ensure continuous operation of the conveying device, the closed container is connected via a pipe to a refilling container for the powder, wherein from the preferably larger refill container powder automatically runs in the closed container for the distribution and delivery of the powder. To exclude exceeding the maximum level during automatic refilling, the mouth of extending into the interior of the container pipe is just below the maximum level of the container.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1a
eine schematische Aufsicht und
Figur 1b
eine schematische Seitenansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispieles einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Fördern und Verteilen von Pulvern in einem Gasstrom;
Figur 2a
eine Aufsicht auf ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit einer im Wesentlichen tangentialen Gaszuführung;
Figur 2b
eine Aufsicht auf ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit mehreren über den Umfang verteilt angeordneten Gaseinlässen;
Figur 3
eine schematische Seitenansicht eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit unter einem Anstellwinkel angeordneten Gaseinlässe aufweisenden Düsen;
Figur 4
eine Schaubild zur Veranschaulichung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Fördern und Verteilen von Pulvern in einem Gasstrom unter Verwendung einer Vorrichtung gem. Figur 2b;
Figuren 5a, b
ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit einem Nachfüllbehälter für einen kontinuierlichen Betrieb sowie
Figur 6
die Anbindung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung an einen nachgeordneten Plasmabeschichtungsprozess.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the figures. Show it:
FIG. 1a
a schematic view and
FIG. 1b
a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention for conveying and distributing powders in a gas stream;
FIG. 2a
a plan view of a second embodiment of a device according to the invention with a substantially tangential gas supply;
FIG. 2b
a plan view of a third embodiment of a device according to the invention with a plurality of distributed over the circumference arranged gas inlets;
FIG. 3
a schematic side view of a fourth embodiment of a device according to the invention with arranged at a pitch angle gas inlets nozzles;
FIG. 4
a diagram illustrating the process according to the invention for conveying and distributing powders in a gas stream using a device according to. FIG. 2b ;
FIGS. 5a, b
A fifth embodiment of a device according to the invention with a refill for continuous operation and
FIG. 6
the connection of a device according to the invention to a downstream plasma coating process.

Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Vorrichtung zum Fördern und Verteilen von Pulvern 5 in einem Gasstrom, nachfolgend kurz als "Pulverförderer" 1 bezeichnet, besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem geschlossenen Behälter 2, der über einen Gaseinlass 3 mit nicht dargestellten Mitteln zur Gasversorgung verbunden ist. Der Behälter 2 ist bis zu einem maximalen Füllstand 4 mit einem feinen Pulver 5 befüllt, das einem nachfolgenden Prozess, insbesondere einem Beschichtungsprozess, zugeführt werden soll. Oberhalb des maximalen Füllstandes 4 des Behälters 2 ist ein Auslass 6 für ein Pulver-/Gasgemisch 7 angeordnet. Der Auslass 6 ist insbesondere mit einem Anschluss für eine Schlauchleitung 19 zur Weiterleitung des Pulver-/Gasgemisches 7 zu dem nachgeordneten Prozess ausgestattet.In the FIG. 1 Apparatus for conveying and distributing powders 5 in a gas stream, hereinafter referred to as "powder conveyor" 1 for short, consists essentially of a closed container 2, which is connected via a gas inlet 3 with means, not shown, for supplying gas. The container 2 is filled to a maximum level 4 with a fine powder 5, which is to be supplied to a subsequent process, in particular a coating process. Above the maximum level 4 of the container 2, an outlet 6 for a powder / gas mixture 7 is arranged. The outlet 6 is in particular equipped with a connection for a hose line 19 for the forwarding of the powder / gas mixture 7 to the downstream process.

Die mit dem Gaseinlass 3 verbundenen Mittel zur Gasversorgung umfassen als Steuerungsmittel zur periodischen Steuerung des Gases insbesondere eine Ventilsteuerung mit der ein unter Überdruck stehendes Gas in einer periodischen Folge über den Gaseinlass 3 in das Innere des Behälters 2 eingelassen wird. Die Ventilsteuerung arbeitet beispielsweise mit einer Frequenz von 10 Hz Die Höhe des Gasdrucks wird derart bestimmt, dass der Druck im Inneren des Behälters 2 höher als der Umgebungsdruck ist, wobei Druckverluste in einer ggf. an den Pulverauslass angeschlossenen Schlauchleitung bis zu deren Mündung zu berücksichtigen sind. Bei dem eingeleiteten Gas handelt es sich bevorzugt um ein Inertgas, um Staubexplosionen in dem Behälter 2 zu verhindern.The means for gas supply connected to the gas inlet 3 comprise as control means for the periodic control of the gas, in particular a valve control with which a pressurized gas in a periodic sequence via the gas inlet 3 is introduced into the interior of the container 2. The valve control operates, for example, at a frequency of 10 Hz. The height of the gas pressure is determined such that the pressure inside the container 2 is higher than the ambient pressure, whereby pressure losses in a hose line possibly connected to the powder outlet up to its mouth are to be considered , The introduced gas is preferably an inert gas to prevent dust explosions in the container 2.

Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel mündet der Gaseinlass 3 unmittelbar in dem Pulver 5. Neben dieser bevorzugten unmittelbaren Einleitung des Gases in das Pulver 5 ist es auch möglich, die Gaseinlässe 3 oberhalb des maximalen Füllstandes 4 des Pulvers 5 anzuordnen, so dass das Gas auf die Oberfläche 9 des Pulvers 5 auftrifft.In the illustrated embodiment, the gas inlet 3 opens directly into the powder 5. In addition to this preferred direct introduction of the gas into the powder 5, it is also possible to arrange the gas inlets 3 above the maximum level 4 of the powder 5, so that the gas on the surface. 9 of the powder 5 hits.

Der Pulverförderer 1 nach Figur 2a unterscheidet sich von dem Pulverförderer nach Figur 1 dadurch, dass sich der Gaseinlass 3 an einer Düse 10 befindet, die parallel zu einer Sekante 11 in Bezug auf den kreisförmigen Boden 12 des Behälters 2 verläuft. Durch diese Art der Gaseinleitung in den Behälter 2 wird eine spiralförmige Strömung 13 des Pulver-/Gasgemisches 7 in dem Behälter 2 erzeugt. Der den Auslass 6 aufweisende Kanal 8 ist wie aus Figur 2a erkennbar, ebenfalls parallel zu einer Sekante in Bezug auf den kreisförmigen Boden 2 des Behälters 2 ausgerichtet.The powder conveyor 1 after FIG. 2a differs from the powder conveyor after FIG. 1 in that the gas inlet 3 is located on a nozzle 10 which runs parallel to a secant 11 with respect to the circular bottom 12 of the container 2. By this type of gas introduction into the container 2, a spiral flow 13 of the powder / gas mixture 7 is generated in the container 2. The outlet 6 having channel 8 is as out FIG. 2a recognizable, also aligned parallel to a secant with respect to the circular bottom 2 of the container 2.

Figur 2b zeigt eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Pulverförderers 1 mit vier jeweils um 90 Grad versetzt zueinander, jedoch in einer Ebene angeordneten, Gaseinlässen 3a - d und zwei Auslässen 6a - b für das Pulver-/Gasgemisch 7. Die periodische Beaufschlagung der Gaseinlässe 3a - d mit dem unter Überdruck stehenden Gas kann gleichzeitig erfolgen. Vorzugsweise werden die Gaseinlässe 3a - d jedoch zeitlich aufeinander folgend mit dem unter Überdruck stehenden Gas beaufschlagt, so dass die von der Gasversorgungseinheit ausgehenden Druckimpulse um den Behälter 2 umlaufen. FIG. 2b shows a preferred embodiment of the powder conveyor 1 according to the invention with four offset by 90 degrees to each other, but arranged in a plane, gas inlets 3a - d and two outlets 6a - b for the powder / gas mixture 7. The periodic loading of the gas inlets 3a - d with The pressurized gas can be simultaneously. Preferably, however, the gas inlets 3a-d are acted upon in chronological succession with the gas under overpressure, so that the gas from the gas supply unit outgoing pressure pulses to the container 2 circulate.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Abwandlung der Vorrichtung nach Figur 1. Der Pulverförderer 1 unterscheidet sich im Wesentlichen dadurch, dass er zwei in das Innere des FIG. 3 shows a modification of the device according to FIG. 1 , The powder conveyor 1 differs essentially in that it two in the interior of the

Behälters 2 ragende Düsen 10 mit einem Anstellwinkel 14 von etwa 25 Grad zu dem Boden 12 des Behälters 2 aufweist, die die Gaseinlässe 3a - b aufweisen. Durch diesen Anstellwinkel wird die Auflösung von Agglomeraten in dem feinen Pulver 5 verbessert.Container 2 projecting nozzles 10 having an angle of attack 14 of about 25 degrees to the bottom 12 of the container 2, which have the gas inlets 3a - b. This angle of attack improves the dissolution of agglomerates in the fine powder 5.

Nachfolgend wird anhand von Figur 4 das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Fördern und Verteilen von Pulvern 5 in einem Gasstrom mit Hilfe der bevorzugten Vorrichtung nach Figur 2b näher erläutert.The following is based on FIG. 4 the inventive method for conveying and distributing powders 5 in a gas stream by means of the preferred device according to FIG. 2b explained in more detail.

Aus einem in Figur 4 b) nicht dargestellten Nachfüllbehälter 15 wird der Behälter 2 über eine Rohrleitung 16 bis zu dem maximalen Füllstand 4 mit Pulver 5 befüllt. Das Pulver 5wird über die vier Gaseinlässe 3a - d zeitlich aufeinander folgend beaufschlagt. In dem Diagramm nach Figur 4 c) ist erkennbar, wie die Gaseinlässe 3a - d ohne Unterbrechung nacheinander das unter Überdruck stehenden Gas in den Behälter 2 einleiten. Durch die Beaufschlagung mit Gas wird das Pulver 5 aufgewirbelt, wobei sich in dem Freiraum oberhalb der Oberfläche 9 des Pulvers 5 das Pulver-/Gasgemisch 7 ausbildet, das über die beiden diametral gegenüberliegenden Auslässe 6a, b aus dem Behälter 2 ausströmt. Die aufeinander folgende kontinuierliche Beaufschlagung des Pulvers 5 mit den Druckimpulsen aus den vier Gaseinlässen 3a - d verbessert die Förderleistung bei gleichzeitig geringem Gasverbrauch. Des Weiteren bewirkt die kontinuierliche, periodische Beaufschlagung des Pulvers 5 über mehrere Gaseinlässe 3a - d eine optimale Auflösung vorhandener Agglomerate.From a in FIG. 4 b) Refill container 15, not shown, the container 2 is filled via a pipe 16 to the maximum level 4 with powder 5. The powder 5 is applied via the four gas inlets 3a-d in chronological succession. In the diagram after FIG. 4c) It can be seen how the gas inlets 3a-d successively introduce the pressurized gas into the container 2 without interruption. By the application of gas, the powder 5 is fluidized, forming in the free space above the surface 9 of the powder 5, the powder / gas mixture 7, which flows out of the container 2 via the two diametrically opposite outlets 6a, b. The successive continuous loading of the powder 5 with the pressure pulses from the four gas inlets 3a-d improves the conveying capacity with simultaneously low gas consumption. Furthermore, the continuous, periodic loading of the powder 5 via a plurality of gas inlets 3a-d effects an optimum dissolution of existing agglomerates.

Sobald durch den kontinuierlichen Abtransport des Pulver-/Gasgemisches 7 durch die beiden Auslässe 6a, b der Vorrat an Pulver 5 unter den maximalen Füllstand 4 auf einen minimalen Füllstand 17 absinkt, wird, wie dies in Figur 5 veranschaulicht ist, Pulver 5 aus dem oberhalb des Behälters 2 angeordneten Nachfüllbehälter 15 nachgefüllt. Die Rohrleitung 16 zum Nachfüllen des Pulvers 5 erstreckt sich in das Innere des Behälters 2, wobei sich deren Mündung, wie insbesondere aus Figur 5a erkennbar, knapp unterhalb des maximalen Füllstandes 4 des Behälters 2 befindet. Um das automatische Nachfüllen zu gewährleisten, befindet sich der Pulvervorrat 18 in dem Nachfüllbehälter 15 unter demselben Druck, der auch im Inneren des Behälters 2 herrscht.As soon as the supply of powder 5 drops below the maximum fill level 4 to a minimum fill level 17 as a result of the continuous removal of the powder / gas mixture 7 through the two outlets 6a, b, as is shown in FIG FIG. 5 illustrated, powder 5 refilled from the arranged above the container 2 refill container 15. The piping 16 for refilling the powder 5 extends into the interior of the container 2, with its mouth, as in particular FIG. 5a recognizable, just below the maximum level 4 of the container 2 is located. In order to ensure automatic refilling, the powder supply 18 in the refill container 15 is under the same pressure which also prevails in the interior of the container 2.

Figur 6 zeigt ein Anwendungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Pulverförderers 1. Der Auslass 6 des Pulverförderers 1 ist über eine Schlauchleitung 19 mit einem Strahlgenerator 20 zur Erzeugung eines gebündelten Plasmastrahls 21 durch Lichtbogenentladung verbunden. In den Plasmastrahl 21 des Strahlgenerators 20 wird das Pulver-/Gasgemisch 7 im Bereich von dessen Auslass 22 eingebracht. Das fein verteilte Pulver 5 wird mit dem Plasmastrahl 21 auf der Oberfläche 23 eines Objektes 24 abgeschieden. FIG. 6 shows an application example of the powder conveyor according to the invention 1. The outlet 6 of the powder conveyor 1 is connected via a hose 19 with a beam generator 20 for generating a collimated plasma beam 21 by arc discharge. In the plasma jet 21 of the jet generator 20, the powder / gas mixture 7 is introduced in the region of its outlet 22. The finely divided powder 5 is deposited with the plasma jet 21 on the surface 23 of an object 24.

Claims (14)

  1. A method for conveying and distributing powders (5) in a gas stream, wherein
    • a closed container (2) is filled only up to a maximum fill level (4) with the powder (5);
    • the powder (5) is impinged in a periodic sequence via at least one gas inlet (3) with a gas being under overpressure;
    • the swirled-up powder/gas mixture (7) flows out of the container (2) via at least one outlet (6) arranged above the maximum fill level (4) of the container (2);
    characterized in
    • that the fill level of the powder (5) in the closed container (2) is kept constantly above a minimum fill level (17) and the powder (5) below the minimum fill level (17) is directly impinged with gas via the at least one gas inlet (3), which is in contact with the powder (5).
  2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the powder (5) is impinged with the gas with a frequency in the range of 1 Hz to 100 Hz.
  3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the powder (5) is impinged with the gas being under overpressure via several gas inlets (3a - 3d).
  4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the powder (5) is impinged successively in time with the gas via the gas inlets (3a - 3d).
  5. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, wherein the impingement with a gas jet or a plurality of gas jets takes place at a tilt angle of at most 45° with respect to the surface (9) of the powder (5).
  6. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, wherein the overpressure of the gas is in the range of 100 mbar to 5 bar.
  7. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, wherein the powder (5) is refilled from a refill container (15) via an inlet into the container (2) during conveying and distribution of the powder (5) in the gas stream.
  8. A device for conveying and distribution of powders (5) in a gas stream, with a closed container (2), which can be filled up to a maximum fill level (4) with powder (5), having at least one gas inlet (3, 3a-d), which is connected with gas supply means, which have means for gas supply of control means for periodic control of the gas at each gas inlet (3, 3a-d), with at least one outlet (6, 6a-b) for a powder/gas mixture (7) arranged above the maximum fill level (4) of the container (2), characterized in that each gas inlet (3, 3a-d) is located below a minimum fill level (17) and the container (2) is connected via a line (16) with a refill container (15) for the powder (5).
  9. The device according to claim 8, wherein each gas inlet (3, 3a-d) is located, respectively, on a nozzle (10), which protrudes in particular into the interior of the container.
  10. The device according to claim 9, wherein each nozzle (10) has a tilt angle of at most 45° with respect to a ground surface of the container (2).
  11. The device according to any one of the claims 8 to 10, wherein the container (2) is circular cylindrical.
  12. The device according to claim 11, wherein a plurality of gas inlets (3, 3a-d) are arranged in a distributed manner uniformly over the circumference of the container (2).
  13. The device according to the claims 11 to 12, wherein at least one nozzle (10) runs parallel to a secant (11) with respect to the circular bottom (12) of the container (2), which runs at a distance from its center point.
  14. The device according to the claims 8-13, wherein the line (16) extends into the interior of the container (2) and its mouth is located below the maximum fill level (4) of the container (2).
EP10754292.0A 2009-09-15 2010-08-24 Method and device for conveying and distributing powders in a gas stream Not-in-force EP2477751B1 (en)

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