EP2562378A1 - Strategy to operate a split coolant circuit - Google Patents

Strategy to operate a split coolant circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2562378A1
EP2562378A1 EP11178430A EP11178430A EP2562378A1 EP 2562378 A1 EP2562378 A1 EP 2562378A1 EP 11178430 A EP11178430 A EP 11178430A EP 11178430 A EP11178430 A EP 11178430A EP 2562378 A1 EP2562378 A1 EP 2562378A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water jacket
coolant
cylinder head
block water
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11178430A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2562378B1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Brinkmann
Jan Mehring
Hans Günther Quix
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority to EP11178430.2A priority Critical patent/EP2562378B1/en
Priority to US13/591,076 priority patent/US8739745B2/en
Priority to RU2012135987/06A priority patent/RU2592155C2/en
Priority to CN201210302833.4A priority patent/CN102953798B/en
Publication of EP2562378A1 publication Critical patent/EP2562378A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2562378B1 publication Critical patent/EP2562378B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/165—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control characterised by systems with two or more loops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F01P2003/028—Cooling cylinders and cylinder heads in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/08—Cabin heater

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a strategy for operating a separate coolant circuit of an internal combustion engine, wherein a cylinder head water jacket and an engine block water jacket is provided, wherein the separate coolant circuit comprises at least one pump, at least one radiator, at least one control element, at least one coolant outlet housing and at least one heater, and wherein the separate coolant circuit circulates a coolant.
  • the FR 2 860 833 A1 discloses a refrigeration cycle of an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder head and a cylinder housing consisting of at least three cooling passages.
  • the circuit comprises heat exchange means, a drive means for a heat exchange medium and at least one control means for the flow of the heat exchange medium through the cylinder head, the cylinder housing or the heat exchange means on.
  • the refrigeration cycle has at least three independent passages for engine cooling, the first and second passages being disposed in the cylinder head, the third passage being disposed in the cylinder housing, and the passages being independent of each other and including at least one inlet and one outlet allow independent flow of the heat exchange medium through each of the passages of the cylinder head and the cylinder housing.
  • the FR 2 860 833 A1 discloses that three control means are provided to control various circulations of the heat exchange medium can. Of the control means in each case an inlet side and an outlet side is arranged. The third control means is connected to the respective other two control means.
  • the US 5,385,123 discloses a separate refrigerant circuit with a single thermostat, which is arranged in one embodiment in an outlet line of the outlet side of a cylinder head to a pump, the line opens inlet side in the cylinder head. From the outlet branch a bypass and a block line branch off, which opens in the cylinder block. The bypass leads to the pump.
  • the thermostat is arranged in this embodiment in the branch of the three lines. During the warm-up phase, the thermostat closes the block line with the bypass fully open. When the thermostat is closed, the coolant flows through the bypass to the pump and from there into the cylinder head. As the coolant temperature rises, the thermostat gradually closes the bypass, so that the direct flow towards the pump is continuously reduced, and is completely interrupted when the bypass is fully closed. The coolant then flows from the cylinder head through the exhaust duct and the block duct into the cylinder block which is connected to a radiator and from there to the pump.
  • the EP 1 900 919 B1 also deals with a split-cooling system.
  • an internal combustion engine having a refrigeration cycle having at least a first coolant channel and at least one second coolant channel disclosed in parallel with the first coolant channel is disclosed.
  • Control means are provided which provide manipulated variables for the individual control of the throttling means.
  • the DE 195 24 424 A1 relates to a liquid cooling of an internal combustion engine with a cooling liquid flow through a cooling liquid circuit in which a cooling liquid flowed through by the cooling chamber of the internal combustion engine, a cooler for the cooling liquid, a cooling liquid circulating pump and a thermostatically controlled valve is provided which at a low coolant temperature, the cooling liquid flow through the cooling space of the internal combustion engine at a low coolant temperature reduces the coolant flow through the radiator below the value of the coolant flow through the cooling chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • a load sensor of the internal combustion engine which counteracts the reduction of the cooling liquid flow through the cooling space of the internal combustion engine at a high load of the internal combustion engine.
  • a heating heat exchanger connected to the cooling liquid circuit and an adjusting means may be provided which counteracts the reduction of the cooling liquid flow through the radiator when operating and / or increasing an operation of the heating heat exchanger.
  • the DE 102 61 070 A1 discloses a water jacket structure for a cylinder head and a cylinder block of an engine having a split cooling system adapted therein.
  • the water jackets for the cylinder head and the cylinder block are respectively and independently formed with an inlet shared between the cylinder head and the cylinder block. Its cross-sectional area is reduced to the inside, wherein positions of two outlets are shifted to the cylinder head.
  • KR 1020040033579 A discloses a split-cooling system, wherein a thermostat housing is designed as a single object and at a rear
  • the DE 102 19 481 A1 is concerned with an internal combustion engine with a cylinder crankcase and a cylinder head, with a cooling water circuit with a cylinder head between an inlet opening and an outlet opening extending formed first water jacket and a separately thereof in the cylinder crankcase between an inlet opening and an outlet opening extending second cooling water channel and with a in the Cooling water circuit arranged, common cooling water pump.
  • a third cooling water channel connects the outlet opening of the first cooling water channel formed in the cylinder head with the inlet opening of the cooling water pump.
  • a fourth cooling water channel connects the outlet opening of the cooling water pump to the inlet opening of the second cooling water channel formed in the cylinder crankcase for passing the cooling water from the first into the second cooling water channel.
  • DE 196 28 542 A1 deals with a split-cooling system, wherein the cylinder head or the cylinder heads are cooled by a cooling water circuit, which runs only through the cylinder head and in which a cooling water pump is inserted.
  • the DE 34 40 504 C2 with the split-cooling system or separate coolant circuits for a cylinder block and the engine block.
  • the EP 0 816 651 B1 addresses the problem of providing a device which can reduce the heat-up time of an exhaust line and at the same time quickly raise and maintain the temperature of the walls of the engine block at a low load to a sufficient value, in any case to improve the operating conditions of the engine in all operating conditions .
  • the EP 0 816 651 B1 a device for the internal combustion engine, which has a cylinder block and a cylinder head, whose walls for defining a first part and a second thereof different part, and the same through these walls separate cooling circuit are designed.
  • the EP 1 239 129 A2 deals with a simple cooling system for cooling the internal combustion engine.
  • the arranged on the outlet housing control is formed of a thermostat and a separate proportional valve, wherein the thermostat is fluidically connected in parallel to the proportional valve, and wherein the proportional valve is a block water line to block water jacket, a heating line to the heater and a radiator line to the radiator and wherein the thermostat has a connection line to the radiator.
  • the coolant from the cylinder head water jacket can be passed directly into the block water jacket, being dispensed with a hitherto conventional bypass line.
  • the engine block water jacket thus assumes the function of the previous bypass line, namely bypassing the radiator, so that the coolant z. B. is not unnecessarily cooled in the warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine. This leads to higher material and oil temperatures, which reduces friction and thermal losses.
  • the advantageous embodiment of the coolant circuit according to the invention combines the advantages of the separate coolant circuit (rapid warm-up), whereby the fuel consumption and the generation of harmful emissions are significantly reduced, but also the life of the internal combustion engine is extended or increased.
  • the coolant circuit advantageously has an opposing coolant flow in the two separate cooling regions (cylinder head water jacket / block water jacket).
  • the refrigerant flows from the inlet side to the outlet side, which is known per se.
  • the block water jacket however, the coolant is supplied to the side, which corresponds to the outlet side of the cylinder head water jacket.
  • the coolant flows in the block water jacket, based on the direction of flow in the cylinder head water jacket so quasi inversely from the outlet side to the inlet side.
  • the block water jacket has no flow contact, or coolant to the cylinder head water jacket, of course, small leakage quantities can not be excluded, as mentioned in the introduction.
  • This means in the context of the invention that coolant from the block water jacket does not enter directly into the cylinder head water jacket, and both water jackets are quasi connected in series, but are flowed through in opposite directions.
  • a pump line connects the pump to the inlet side of the cylinder head water jacket.
  • the coolant can thus get out of the cylinder head water jacket in the outlet housing.
  • the heating return flows in front of the pump in a radiator return, which opens into the pump.
  • the leading from the block water jacket return water pipe also opens in the radiator return also upstream of the pump.
  • a thermostatically-conducting connecting pipe advantageously flows in the cylinder head water pipe upstream of the radiator.
  • Other components of the coolant circuit can be provided.
  • a ventilation device can be provided, which communicates with the heating line and the radiator, and whose return line also opens upstream of the pump in the radiator return.
  • the thermostat which acts as a partial load thermostat, connected via the connecting line to the radiator, wherein the connecting line preferably upstream of the radiator but downstream of the proportional valve in the radiator line opens, the engine block water jacket conveniently, the radiator opens all around directly in the radiator return.
  • Target is when the control, so the proportional valve and the thermostat depending on operating modes of the engine such.
  • B. of a warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine and a "warm" internal combustion engine are switchable, wherein the two components are still switchable depending on the presence of a partial load or a high load of the internal combustion engine. In this respect, quasi four modes of operation, which influence the control characteristics.
  • the path of the proportional valve to the heater line opens continuously until it is fully open.
  • the no-flow strategy of the cylinder head water jacket is abandoned, a partial flow of the coolant flows from the outlet housing via the proportional valve in the heating line.
  • the path to the block water pipe is still closed, so that the coolant flow in the block water jacket has an amount of zero.
  • the coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket is rather low, which benefits an improved warm-up behavior. Nevertheless, the heater can heat the vehicle cabin sufficiently.
  • the path to the heater line is fully open, the path to the block water line opens continuously.
  • a small flow of coolant is now made possible by the now-flow strategy.
  • the path to the radiator line is still closed.
  • the path to the heater line is still fully open.
  • the path to the block water line is controlled via the proportional valve so that the block temperature can be adjusted to a high amount, for example to above 105 ° C, preferably to about 115 ° C.
  • the thermostat also closes the path to the connecting line when the coolant temperature in the outlet housing or in the cylinder head water jacket below z. B. 100 ° C or preferably below 105 ° C.
  • control components can now be controlled depending on the operating state "operating engine and part load".
  • the path to the heating line is opened, the path to the block water pipe is regulated, so that the block water temperature to a high amount of z. B. 115 ° C einregelbar.
  • the thermostat opens to the connecting line. The coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket is thus further increased. Characterized in that now an additional portion of the cylinder head coolant flow is passed over the main radiator, the temperature in the cylinder head water jacket is light, preferably adjustable below the opening temperature.
  • the coolant flow is advantageously by means of Thermostats (opening temperature eg 100 ° C) controlled together with the proportional valve when the internal combustion engine has its operating temperature and is operated at partial load.
  • the thermostat is thus preferably designed as a partial load thermostat, and only opens in partial load operation when the temperature in the cylinder head water jacket or in the outlet housing has an amount above the opening temperature.
  • the internal combustion engine can thus be operated independently in both areas with elevated temperature.
  • the path of the proportional valve to the radiator line can be opened if necessary, if z. B. the internal combustion engine is operated at a higher load.
  • the proportional valve opens the line to the main cooler to the temperature of the cylinder head water jacket on z. B. 85 ° C to regulate.
  • the partial load thermostat is then closed because the opening temperature is not reached.
  • the branch to the water jacket is then fully open. It is preferably provided to regulate the path so that the coolant temperature in the block water jacket is low, for example, is controlled to an amount of 90 ° C, since the cylinder block at higher load of the internal combustion engine has a higher cooling demand.
  • the part-load thermostat In the case of a malfunction of the proportional valve and thus an insufficient coolant flow to the main cooler, the part-load thermostat also has a protective function. In this case, as the coolant temperature rises above the opening temperature, the part load thermostat would open and direct coolant to the main radiator. The partial load thermostat can thus also act as a safety thermostat, as excessive overheating is avoided by opening to the radiator.
  • Another operating state or operating mode is when the internal combustion engine is operated in the warm-up phase at high load.
  • the path to the heating line is completely open, whereby the path to the block water line can also be regulated via the proportional valve.
  • the coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket is controlled via the proportional valve, whereby a temperature of 85 ° C can be controlled in the cylinder head water jacket.
  • Another mode is when the internal combustion engine has its operating temperature and is operated under high load or full load.
  • the path to the heating line can be closed. This is useful if z. B. at high outside temperatures, the largest cooling capacity to be generated.
  • the path to the block water line can be controlled via the proportional valve. It is preferably provided to regulate the path so that the coolant temperature in the block water jacket is low, for example, regulated to an amount of 90 ° C, since the cylinder block at high load or at full load of the engine high cooling needs.
  • the coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket is controlled via the proportional valve, whereby a temperature of 85 ° C can be controlled in the cylinder head water jacket. Accordingly, the partial load thermostat will not open at all because the temperature is below its opening temperature. If the temperature still rises above the opening temperature, of course, opens the thermostat and takes over its protective function by coolant is passed in addition to the radiator.
  • Targeting in the sense of the invention is therefore when the control or the two components proportional valve and part load thermostat are controlled depending on the mode, which is conceivable with respect to the proportional valve by means of a control unit.
  • the control strategy can also be stored in the central control unit of the internal combustion engine or of the motor vehicle.
  • the entire internal combustion engine that is to say the block water jacket but also the head water jacket
  • the cabin heater can be powered by the appropriate path of the Proportional valve is opened.
  • the no-flow strategy of the headwater jacket is given up, but maintained beneficial in the block water jacket.
  • the coolant inlet temperature to the block is also increased by about 3 to 5 K, since the feed from the output of the cylinder head circuit.
  • the block temperature ie the material temperature itself, can also be increased, since the temperature is controlled by means of the partial load thermostat, and a reduced flow of coolant through the block water jacket can be generated.
  • a variable operating temperature is adjustable depending on the above-mentioned modes. The temperature can even be raised up to 115 ° C at partial load, when this temperature is exceeded, the part-load thermostat opens, thus increasing the flow of refrigerant and transferring part of it through the radiator.
  • the coolant flow through the heater is variable during the warm-up phase.
  • the coolant flow in the block water jacket is opposite to the coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket.
  • the fact that quasi-warmed coolant exiting from the cylinder head is also supplied to the block water jacket is advantageous with regard to the thermal management of the cylinder block, since inter alia frictional losses can be reduced.
  • the thermostat can be advantageously designed as a single-acting thermostat, which opens at relatively high temperatures, so increased coolant temperatures in particular Cylinder head water jacket to allow, in other deviating modes, the cylinder head coolant temperature is reduced, that is variable.
  • a separate coolant circuit 1 is in the FIG. 1 shown.
  • the separate coolant circuit 1 has both a cylinder head water jacket 2 and an engine block water jacket 3, a pump 4, a radiator 6, a control element 7, a coolant outlet housing 8 and a heater 9. Furthermore, the coolant circuit 1 may have a degassing device 11.
  • the cylinder head water jacket 2 is separated from the block water jacket 3, so that there is a separate coolant circuit 1 in which a coolant circulates.
  • the flow direction of the coolant is marked with corresponding arrows.
  • the arranged on the outlet housing 8 control 7 is formed of a thermostat 12 and a proportional valve 13 separate therefrom, wherein the thermostat 12 is arranged parallel to the proportional valve 13, and wherein the proportional valve a block water line 14 to the block water jacket 3, a heating line 16 to the heater 9 and a radiator line 17 to the radiator 6, and wherein the thermostat 12 has a connection line 18 to the radiator.
  • a pump line 19 connects the pump 4 to the inlet side 21 of the cylinder head water jacket 2.
  • the coolant can thus pass from the cylinder head water jacket 2 into the outlet housing 8.
  • the heating return 22 opens in front of the pump 4 in a radiator return 23, which opens into the pump 4.
  • the leading from the block water jacket 3 return water line 24 also opens into the radiator return 23 also upstream of the pump 4.
  • the leading from the thermostat 12 connecting line 18, however, opens advantageously in the radiator line 17 upstream of the radiator 6.
  • the vent is connected to the heating line 16 and the radiator 6 in connection, wherein the return line 26 also opens upstream of the pump 4 in the radiator return 23.
  • the aim of the invention is that can be dispensed with a bypass line.
  • the function of the bypass line takes over virtually the engine block water jacket 3. This is coolant, depending on operating modes of the internal combustion engine, supplied from the cylinder head water jacket 2 outflowing. It can be seen that the coolant flow in the block water jacket 3 is opposite to the coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket 2.
  • the coolant is supplied to the block water jacket 3, based on the flow direction in the cylinder head water jacket 2 outlet side.
  • the coolant flows through the block water jacket 3 in opposite directions to the flow direction in the cylinder head water jacket 2 and, based on the flow of coolant in the cylinder head water jacket 2 on the inlet side, and flows into the radiator return 23rd
  • the coolant temperature can be controlled or controlled by means of the proportional valve depending on operating modes.
  • the coolant temperature in the cylinder head water jacket 2 is controlled by means of the thermostat 12.
  • the thermostat 12 may have an opening temperature of 100 ° C or even 115 ° C or an amount therebetween, so that the coolant temperature in the cylinder head water jacket is adjustable to this increased amount.
  • Thermostat does not open at these low temperatures, so that the coolant temperature is controlled solely by the proportional valve.
  • the modes of operation and the temperature control have already been described above, and become the preferred embodiment in their entirety.
  • FIG. 2 merely shows by way of example a diagram in which the coolant flows are represented by the heater (line 27), by the engine block water jacket (line 28) and by the radiator (line 29). On the vertical axis, the flow rate in I / min is plotted. On the horizontal, the opening of the proportional valve 13 is plotted in%.
  • the flow rate in all lines and the two water jackets 2 and 3 has a magnitude of zero (no-flow strategy).
  • coolant is increasingly flowing to the heater 9.
  • the coolant flows in the engine block water jacket 3 and in the cooler 6 are ZERO (no-flow strategy in the block).
  • the proportional valve 13 opens the heating line continuously until the path is fully opened. This corresponds to a total opening degree of up to 30% of the proportional valve 13.
  • a third phase 33 the no-flow strategy is also abandoned in the block water jacket.
  • the proportional valve opens this path continuously.
  • the path to the radiator 6 is closed before. This is possible in partial load operation, so that the temperature control in the cylinder head water jacket takes place only via the partial load thermostat 12.
  • the flow rate in the engine block water jacket 3 increases from 0 up to 40 l / min, in which phase the flow through the heater decreases from 25 l / min to about 20 l / min.
  • the proportional valve is open approx. 50%, ie the path to the water jacket and to the heating is open. In partial load operation, it is quite sufficient to control the temperature in the cylinder head water jacket only on the part load thermostat and on a high level. When this "limit temperature" is reached, the part-load thermostat opens to the radiator.
  • the cylinder-head coolant temperature is regulated in a fourth phase 34 to an amount of approximately 85 ° C.
  • the proportional valve 13 opens the path to the radiator continuously, so that it flows through with up to 120 / min.
  • the path to the heater can be closed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves arranging a thermostat and a proportional valve parallel to an outlet housing. Coolant passing through the valve is guided to an engine block water casing over a block water pipe and conducted to a heater over a heating pipe and conducted to the cooler over a cooler pipe. The coolant passing through the thermostat is conducted to a cooler over a connection pipe. The coolant is flown through the pipes by the thermostat and the valve independent of each other and based on operating types of an internal combustion engine.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Strategie zum Betreiben eines getrennten Kühlmittelkreislaufs eines Verbrennungsmotors, wobei ein Zylinderkopfwassermantel und ein Motorblockwassermantel vorgesehen ist, wobei der getrennte Kühlmittelkreislauf zumindest eine Pumpe, zumindest einen Kühler, zumindest ein Steuerelement, zumindest ein Kühlmittelauslaßgehäuse und zumindest eine Heizung aufweist, und wobei in dem getrennten Kühlmittelkreislauf ein Kühlmittel zirkuliert.The invention relates to a strategy for operating a separate coolant circuit of an internal combustion engine, wherein a cylinder head water jacket and an engine block water jacket is provided, wherein the separate coolant circuit comprises at least one pump, at least one radiator, at least one control element, at least one coolant outlet housing and at least one heater, and wherein the separate coolant circuit circulates a coolant.

Bekannt ist, daß es zweckmäßig ist, den Motorblock und den Zylinderkopf des Verbrennungsmotors jeweils getrennt oder wenigstens überwiegend getrennt voneinander mit einem Kühlmittel eines Kühlmittelkreislaufs durchströmen zu lassen. Auf diese Weise können der Zylinderkopf, der thermisch vor allem mit der Brennraumwand, der Ansaugluftführung und der Abgasabführung gekoppelt ist und der Motorblock, der thermisch vor allem mit den Reibstellen gekoppelt ist, unterschiedlich gekühlt werden. Durch dieses so genannte "Split-Cooling-System" (getrennter Kühlmittelkreislauf) soll erreicht werden, daß in der Warmlaufphase des Verbrennungsmotors der Zylinderkopf gekühlt wird, wobei der Motorblock zunächst noch nicht gekühlt werden soll, so daß der Motorblock schneller auf die erforderliche Betriebstemperatur geführt werden kann, d. h. unter getrenntem Kühlkreislauf sind nicht zwei Kühlkreisläufe zu verstehen, sondern es ist ein Kühlkreislauf für eine Brennkraftmaschine gemeint, bei der der Wassermantel des Zylinderkopfes von dem Wassermantel des Zylinderblocks durch geeignete Mittel separiert ist. Bei manchen Konstruktionsformen können allerdings auch kleine Leckagen vom Zylinderkopfwassermantel zum Zylinderblockwassermantel vorgesehen sein, wobei die Leckagemengen so gering sind, daß man trotzdem von einem getrennten Kühlkreislauf sprechen kann.It is known that it is expedient to allow the engine block and the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine to flow separately or at least predominantly separated from one another with a coolant of a coolant circuit. In this way, the cylinder head, which is thermally coupled above all with the combustion chamber wall, the intake air duct and the exhaust gas outlet and the engine block, which is thermally coupled above all with the friction points, can be cooled differently. By this so-called "split-cooling system" (separate coolant circuit) is to be achieved that in the warm-up phase of the engine, the cylinder head is cooled, the engine block is not yet to be cooled, so that the engine block out faster to the required operating temperature can be, d. H. Under separate cooling circuit are not two cooling circuits to understand, but it is meant a cooling circuit for an internal combustion engine, wherein the water jacket of the cylinder head is separated from the water jacket of the cylinder block by suitable means. In some designs, however, small leaks can be provided from the cylinder head water jacket to the cylinder block water jacket, the leakage quantities being so small that one can nevertheless speak of a separate cooling circuit.

Die FR 2 860 833 A1 offenbart einen Kühlkreislauf eines Verbrennungsmotors mit mindestens einem Zylinderkopf und einem Zylindergehäuse bestehend aus mindestens drei Kühldurchlässen. Der Kreislauf weist Wärmeaustauschmittel, ein Antriebsmittel für ein Wärmeaustauschmedium und mindestens ein Steuermittel für den Durchfluß des Wärmeaustauschmediums durch den Zylinderkopf, das Zylindergehäuse oder die Wärmeaustauschmittel auf. Der Kühlkreislauf hat mindestens drei unabhängige Durchlässe für die Motorkühlung, wobei der erste und der zweite Durchlaß in dem Zylinderkopf angeordnet sind und der dritte Durchlaß im Zylindergehäuse angeordnet ist und wobei die Durchlässe voneinander unabhängig sind und mindestens einen Einlaß und einen Auslaß umfassen, so dass sie einen unabhängigen Durchfluß des Wärmeaustauschmediums durch jeden der Durchlässe des Zylinderkopfs und des Zylindergehäuses ermöglichen. Die FR 2 860 833 A1 offenbart, dass drei Steuermittel vorgesehen sind, um verschiedene Umwälzungen des Wärmeaustauschmediums regeln zu können. Von den Steuermitteln ist jeweils eines Einlaßseitig und eines Auslaßseitig angeordnet. Das dritte Steuermittel ist mit den jeweils anderen beiden Steuermitteln verbunden.The FR 2 860 833 A1 discloses a refrigeration cycle of an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder head and a cylinder housing consisting of at least three cooling passages. The circuit comprises heat exchange means, a drive means for a heat exchange medium and at least one control means for the flow of the heat exchange medium through the cylinder head, the cylinder housing or the heat exchange means on. The refrigeration cycle has at least three independent passages for engine cooling, the first and second passages being disposed in the cylinder head, the third passage being disposed in the cylinder housing, and the passages being independent of each other and including at least one inlet and one outlet allow independent flow of the heat exchange medium through each of the passages of the cylinder head and the cylinder housing. The FR 2 860 833 A1 discloses that three control means are provided to control various circulations of the heat exchange medium can. Of the control means in each case an inlet side and an outlet side is arranged. The third control means is connected to the respective other two control means.

Die US 5,385,123 offenbart einen getrennten Kühlmittelkreislauf mit einem einzigen Thermostat, das in einer Ausgestaltung in einer Auslaßleitung der Auslaßseite eines Zylinderkopfes zu einer Pumpe angeordnet ist, deren Leitung einlaßseitig im Zylinderkopf mündet. Von der Auslaßleitung zweigen ein Bypaß und eine Blockleitung ab, die im Zylinderblock mündet. Der Bypaß führt zur Pumpe. Das Thermostat ist bei dieser Ausgestaltung im Abzweig der drei Leitungen angeordnet. Während der Aufwärmphase verschließt das Thermostat die Blockleitung, wobei der Bypaß vollständig geöffnet ist. Das Kühlmittel strömt bei geschlossenem Thermostat durch den Bypaß zur Pumpe und von dort in den Zylinderkopf. Mit ansteigender Kühlmitteltemperatur schließt das Thermostat sukzessive den Bypaß, so dass die direkte Strömung in Richtung zur Pumpe fortlaufend reduziert wird, und bei vollständig geschlossenem Bypaß vollständig unterbrochen ist. Das Kühlmittel strömt dann aus dem Zylinderkopf durch die Auslaßleitung und die Blockleitung in den Zylinderblock der mit einem Kühler verbunden ist und von dort zur Pumpe.The US 5,385,123 discloses a separate refrigerant circuit with a single thermostat, which is arranged in one embodiment in an outlet line of the outlet side of a cylinder head to a pump, the line opens inlet side in the cylinder head. From the outlet branch a bypass and a block line branch off, which opens in the cylinder block. The bypass leads to the pump. The thermostat is arranged in this embodiment in the branch of the three lines. During the warm-up phase, the thermostat closes the block line with the bypass fully open. When the thermostat is closed, the coolant flows through the bypass to the pump and from there into the cylinder head. As the coolant temperature rises, the thermostat gradually closes the bypass, so that the direct flow towards the pump is continuously reduced, and is completely interrupted when the bypass is fully closed. The coolant then flows from the cylinder head through the exhaust duct and the block duct into the cylinder block which is connected to a radiator and from there to the pump.

Die EP 1 900 919 B1 befaßt sich ebenfalls mit einem Split-Cooling-System.The EP 1 900 919 B1 also deals with a split-cooling system.

In der DE 103 42 935 A1 z. B. ist eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit einem Kühlkreislauf mit wenigstens einem ersten Kühlmittelkanal und wenigstens einem zweiten Kühlmittelkanal offenbart, der parallel mit dem ersten Kühlmittelkanal verbunden ist. Weiter weist die Verbrennungskraftmaschine den Kühlmittelkanälen zugeordnete Drosselungsmittel für die Beeinflussung des die Kühlmittelkanäle passierenden Kühlmittelstroms auf, sowie eine mechanisch antreibbare Kühlmittelpumpe für die Umwälzung des Kühlmittels durch die Kühlmittelkanäle. Es sind Steuermittel vorgesehen, die Stellgrößen für die individuelle Steuerung der Drosselungsmittel bereitstellen.In the DE 103 42 935 A1 z. For example, an internal combustion engine having a refrigeration cycle having at least a first coolant channel and at least one second coolant channel disclosed in parallel with the first coolant channel is disclosed. Next, the internal combustion engine, the coolant channels associated throttling means for influencing the coolant channels passing coolant flow, and a mechanically driven coolant pump for the circulation of the coolant through the coolant channels. Control means are provided which provide manipulated variables for the individual control of the throttling means.

Die DE 195 24 424 A1 betrifft eine Flüssigkeitskühlung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Kühlflüssigkeitsstrom durch einen Kühlflüssigkeitskreislauf, in dem ein von der Kühlflüssigkeit durchströmter Kühlraum der Brennkraftmaschine, ein Kühler für die Kühlflüssigkeit, eine die Kühlflüssigkeit umwälzende Pumpe und ein thermostatisch kontrolliertes Ventil vorgesehen ist, das bei einer niedrigen Kühlflüssigkeitstemperatur den Kühlflüssigkeitsstrom durch den Kühlraum der Brennkraftmaschine bei einer niedrigen Kühlflüssigkeitstemperatur den Kühlflüssigkeitsstrom durch den Kühler unterhalb des Wertes des Kühlflüssigkeitsstroms durch den Kühlraum der Brennkraftmaschine reduziert. Es kann aber auch ein Lastsensor der Brennkraftmaschine vorgesehen sein, der bei einer hohen Last der Brennkraftmaschine der Reduzierung des Kühlflüssigkeitsstroms durch den Kühlraum der Brennkraftmaschine entgegenwirkt. Zudem können ein mit dem Kühlflüssigkeitskreislauf verbundener Heizungswärmetauscher und ein Stellmittel vorgesehen sein, das bei einer in Betriebnahme und/oder Steigerung einer Betriebsamkeit des Heizungswärmetauschers der Reduzierung des Kühlflüssigkeitsstromes durch den Kühler entgegenwirkt.The DE 195 24 424 A1 relates to a liquid cooling of an internal combustion engine with a cooling liquid flow through a cooling liquid circuit in which a cooling liquid flowed through by the cooling chamber of the internal combustion engine, a cooler for the cooling liquid, a cooling liquid circulating pump and a thermostatically controlled valve is provided which at a low coolant temperature, the cooling liquid flow through the cooling space of the internal combustion engine at a low coolant temperature reduces the coolant flow through the radiator below the value of the coolant flow through the cooling chamber of the internal combustion engine. However, it may also be provided a load sensor of the internal combustion engine, which counteracts the reduction of the cooling liquid flow through the cooling space of the internal combustion engine at a high load of the internal combustion engine. In addition, a heating heat exchanger connected to the cooling liquid circuit and an adjusting means may be provided which counteracts the reduction of the cooling liquid flow through the radiator when operating and / or increasing an operation of the heating heat exchanger.

Die DE 102 61 070 A1 offenbart eine Wasserummantelungsstruktur für einen Zylinderkopf und einen Zylinderblock eines Motors mit einem darin angepaßten, geteilten Kühlsystem. Die Wasserummantelungen für den Zylinderkopf und den Zylinderblock sind jeweilig und unabhängig voneinander geformt, wobei ein Einlaß zwischen dem Zylinderkopf und dem Zylinderblock geteilt ist. Dessen Querschnittsfläche ist nach innen gelangend reduziert, wobei Positionen von zwei Auslässen zu dem Zylinderkopf verschoben sind.The DE 102 61 070 A1 discloses a water jacket structure for a cylinder head and a cylinder block of an engine having a split cooling system adapted therein. The water jackets for the cylinder head and the cylinder block are respectively and independently formed with an inlet shared between the cylinder head and the cylinder block. Its cross-sectional area is reduced to the inside, wherein positions of two outlets are shifted to the cylinder head.

Auch in der KR 1020040033579 A ist ein Split-Cooling-System offenbart, wobei ein Thermostatgehäuse als einzelner Gegenstand ausgestaltet ist und an einem hinterenAlso in the KR 1020040033579 A discloses a split-cooling system, wherein a thermostat housing is designed as a single object and at a rear

Ende des Verbrennungsmotors angeordnet ist. In der DE 101 27 219 A1 ist eine Kühlanlage für einen Verbrennungsmotor mit wenigstens zwei Zylinderreihen, insbesondere für einen V-Motor offenbart.End of the internal combustion engine is arranged. In the DE 101 27 219 A1 is disclosed a cooling system for an internal combustion engine with at least two rows of cylinders, in particular for a V-type engine.

Die DE 102 19 481 A1 beschäftigt sich mit einem Verbrennungsmotor mit einem Zylinderkurbelgehäuse und einem Zylinderkopf, mit einem Kühlwasserkreislauf mit einem im Zylinderkopf zwischen einer Zutrittsöffnung und einer Austrittsöffnung erstreckend ausgebildeten ersten Kühlwassermantel und mit einem hiervon getrennt in Zylinderkurbelgehäuse zwischen einer Zutrittsöffnung und einer Austrittsöffnung erstreckend ausgebildeten zweiten Kühlwasserkanal und mit einer im Kühlwasserkreislauf angeordneten, gemeinsamen Kühlwasserpumpe. Ein dritter Kühlwasserkanal verbindet die Austrittsöffnung des ersten im Zylinderkopf ausgebildeten Kühlwasserkanals mit der Zutrittsöffnung der Kühlwasserpumpe. Ein vierter Kühlwasserkanal verbindet die Austrittsöffnung der Kühlwasserpumpe mit der Zutrittsöffnung des zweiten im Zylinderkurbelgehäuse ausgebildeten Kühlwasserkanals zur Weiterleitung des Kühlwassers aus dem ersten in den zweiten Kühlwasserkanal.The DE 102 19 481 A1 is concerned with an internal combustion engine with a cylinder crankcase and a cylinder head, with a cooling water circuit with a cylinder head between an inlet opening and an outlet opening extending formed first water jacket and a separately thereof in the cylinder crankcase between an inlet opening and an outlet opening extending second cooling water channel and with a in the Cooling water circuit arranged, common cooling water pump. A third cooling water channel connects the outlet opening of the first cooling water channel formed in the cylinder head with the inlet opening of the cooling water pump. A fourth cooling water channel connects the outlet opening of the cooling water pump to the inlet opening of the second cooling water channel formed in the cylinder crankcase for passing the cooling water from the first into the second cooling water channel.

Auch die DE 196 28 542 A1 beschäftigt sich mit einem Split-Cooling-System, wobei der Zylinderkopf bzw. die Zylinderköpfe durch einen Kühlwasserkreislauf gekühlt sind, der nur durch den Zylinderkopf verläuft und in dem eine Kühlwasserpumpe eingefügt ist.Also the DE 196 28 542 A1 deals with a split-cooling system, wherein the cylinder head or the cylinder heads are cooled by a cooling water circuit, which runs only through the cylinder head and in which a cooling water pump is inserted.

Ebenso beschäftigt sich die DE 34 40 504 C2 mit dem Split-Cooling-System bzw. getrennten Kühlmittelkreisläufen für einen Zylinderblock und den Motorblock.Likewise, the DE 34 40 504 C2 with the split-cooling system or separate coolant circuits for a cylinder block and the engine block.

Die EP 0 816 651 B1 beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, welche die Aufheizzeit einer Auspuffleitung verringern und gleichzeitig die Temperatur der Wände des Motorblocks bei geringer Last auf einen ausreichenden Wert schnell ansteigen lassen und halten kann, wobei jedenfalls die Betriebsbedingungen des Motors in allen Betriebszuständen verbessert werden sollen. Zu diesem Zweck offenbart die EP 0 816 651 B1 eine Vorrichtung für den Verbrennungsmotor, welcher einen Zylinderblock und einen Zylinderkopf aufweist, deren Wände zum Begrenzen eines ersten Teils und eines zweiten, davon unterschiedlichen Teils, und desselben durch diese Wände getrennten Kühlkreislauf gestaltet sind.The EP 0 816 651 B1 addresses the problem of providing a device which can reduce the heat-up time of an exhaust line and at the same time quickly raise and maintain the temperature of the walls of the engine block at a low load to a sufficient value, in any case to improve the operating conditions of the engine in all operating conditions , For this purpose, the EP 0 816 651 B1 a device for the internal combustion engine, which has a cylinder block and a cylinder head, whose walls for defining a first part and a second thereof different part, and the same through these walls separate cooling circuit are designed.

Die EP 1 239 129 A2 beschäftigt sich mit einem einfachen Kühlsystem zur Kühlung des Verbrennungsmotors.The EP 1 239 129 A2 deals with a simple cooling system for cooling the internal combustion engine.

Im Stand der Technik sind die Vorteile und Ausgestaltungskonzepte von getrennten Kühlkreisläufen (Split-Cooling-System) im Vergleich zu einem konventionellen Kühlmittelkreislauf seit langer Zeit bekannt. Nachteilig ist, dass die Kühlmittelströmungsaufteilung zwischen dem Zylinderkopf und dem Motorblockwassermantel in beiden Phasen (Thermostat geschlossen unterhalb 90°C, Thermostat geöffnet oberhalb 90°C) fixiert ist, was zu einer unnötigen hohen Wärmeabgabe und einer geringen Aufwärmung des Motorblocks und des Ölfilms entlang der Laufbuchsen führt. Bekannt ist auch, dass aus dem Thermostaten ein Bypaß abzweigt, welcher den Kühler bzw. den hauptkühler umgeht, so dass Kühlmittel an den Kühler vorbei strömen kann, so dass dieses nicht unnötig gekühlt wird, was in der Warmlaufphase vorteilhaft ist. Für den Bypaß muß jedoch Bauraum belegt werden, welcher im Motorraum äußerst gering bemessen ist.In the prior art, the advantages and design concepts of separate cooling circuits (split-cooling system) compared to a conventional coolant circuit have long been known. The disadvantage is that the coolant flow distribution between the cylinder head and the engine block water jacket in both phases (thermostat closed below 90 ° C, thermostat open above 90 ° C) is fixed, resulting in an unnecessarily high heat output and low heating of the engine block and the oil film along the Bushings leads. It is also known that a bypass branches off from the thermostat, which bypasses the radiator or the main cooler, so that coolant can flow past the radiator, so that it is not unnecessarily cooled, which is advantageous in the warm-up phase. For the bypass but space must be occupied, which is dimensioned extremely low in the engine compartment.

Von daher liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Strategie zum Betreiben eines getrennten Kühlmittelkreislaufs der eingangs genannten Art mit einfachen Mitteln zu verbessern.It is therefore an object of the invention to improve a strategy for operating a separate coolant circuit of the type mentioned above with simple means.

Erfindungsgemäß gelingt die Lösung der Aufgabe durch eine Strategie mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.According to the invention, the solution of the problem is achieved by a strategy having the features of claim 1.

Zweckmäßig ist, wenn das an dem Auslaßgehäuse angeordnete Steuerelement aus einem Thermostaten und einem davon getrennten Proportionalventil gebildet ist, wobei das Thermostat strömungstechnisch parallel zum Proportionalventil geschaltet ist, und wobei das Proportionalventil eine Blockwasserleitung zum Blockwassermantel, eine Heizungsleitung zur Heizung und eine Kühlerleitung zu dem Kühler aufweist, und wobei das Thermostat eine Verbindungsleitung zum Kühler aufweist.It is expedient if the arranged on the outlet housing control is formed of a thermostat and a separate proportional valve, wherein the thermostat is fluidically connected in parallel to the proportional valve, and wherein the proportional valve is a block water line to block water jacket, a heating line to the heater and a radiator line to the radiator and wherein the thermostat has a connection line to the radiator.

Vorteilhaft ist, dass das Kühlmittel aus dem Zylinderkopfwassermantel direkt in den Blockwassermantel geleitet werden kann, wobei auf eine bisher übliche Bypaßleitung verzichtet wird. Der Motorblockwassermantel übernimmt so die Funktion der bisherigen Bypaßleitung, nämlich das Umgehen des Kühlers, so dass das Kühlmittel z. B. in der Warmlaufphase des Verbrennungsmotors nicht unnötig gekühlt wird. Dies führt zu höheren Werkstoff- als auch Öltemperaturen, wodurch die Reibung und die thermischen Verluste reduziert werden. Die vorteilhafte Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Kühlmittelkreislaufs kombiniert die Vorteile des getrennten Kühlmittelkreislaufs (schnelles Aufwärmen), wodurch der Kraftstoffverbrauch und die Entstehung schädlicher Emissionen erheblich verringert werden, wodurch aber auch die Lebensdauer des Verbrennungsmotors verlängert bzw. erhöht wird.It is advantageous that the coolant from the cylinder head water jacket can be passed directly into the block water jacket, being dispensed with a hitherto conventional bypass line. The engine block water jacket thus assumes the function of the previous bypass line, namely bypassing the radiator, so that the coolant z. B. is not unnecessarily cooled in the warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine. This leads to higher material and oil temperatures, which reduces friction and thermal losses. The advantageous embodiment of the coolant circuit according to the invention combines the advantages of the separate coolant circuit (rapid warm-up), whereby the fuel consumption and the generation of harmful emissions are significantly reduced, but also the life of the internal combustion engine is extended or increased.

Der Kühlmittelkreislauf weist vorteilhaft eine gegenläufige Kühlmittelströmung in den beiden getrennten Kühlbereichen (Zylinderkopfwassermantel/Blockwassermantel) auf. In dem Zylinderkopfwassermantel strömt das Kühlmittel von der Einlaßseite zur Auslaßseite, was an sich bekannt ist. Dem Blockwassermantel dagegen wird das Kühlmittel an der Seite zugeführt, welcher der Auslaßseite des Zylinderkopfwassermantels entspricht. Das Kühlmittel strömt imBlockwassermantel, bezogen auf die Strömungsrichtung im Zylinderkopfwassermantel also quasi umgekehrt von der Auslaßseite zur Einlaßseite. Selbstverständlich hat der Blockwassermantel keinen Strömungskontakt, bzw. Kühlmittelübergang zum Zylinderkopfwassermantel, wobei natürlich kleine Leckagemengen nicht ausgeschlossen werden können, wie einleitend erwähnt. Das bedeutet im Sinne der Erfindung, dass Kühlmittel aus dem Blockwassermantel nicht direkt in den Zylinderkopfwassermantel tritt, und beide Wassermäntel quasi in Reihe geschaltet sind, aber gegenläufig durchströmt werden.The coolant circuit advantageously has an opposing coolant flow in the two separate cooling regions (cylinder head water jacket / block water jacket). In the cylinder head water jacket, the refrigerant flows from the inlet side to the outlet side, which is known per se. The block water jacket, however, the coolant is supplied to the side, which corresponds to the outlet side of the cylinder head water jacket. The coolant flows in the block water jacket, based on the direction of flow in the cylinder head water jacket so quasi inversely from the outlet side to the inlet side. Of course, the block water jacket has no flow contact, or coolant to the cylinder head water jacket, of course, small leakage quantities can not be excluded, as mentioned in the introduction. This means in the context of the invention that coolant from the block water jacket does not enter directly into the cylinder head water jacket, and both water jackets are quasi connected in series, but are flowed through in opposite directions.

Zweckmäßig im Sinne der Erfindung ist, wenn eine Pumpenleitung die Pumpe mit der Eingangseite des Zylinderkopfwassermantels verbindet. Das Kühlmittel kann so aus dem Zylinderkopfwassermantel in das Auslaßgehäuse gelangen. Aus dem Proportionalventil zweigt die Heizungsleitung ab, welche zur Heizung führt. Der Heizungsrücklauf mündet vor der Pumpe in einem Kühlerrücklauf, welcher in der Pumpe mündet. Die aus dem Blockwassermantel führende Rückwasserleitung mündet ebenso in dem Kühlerrücklauf ebenfalls stromauf der Pumpe. Die aus dem Thermostaten führende Verbindungsleitung mündet dagegen vorteilhaft in der Zylinderkopfwasserleitung stromauf des Kühlers. Weitere Komponenten des Kühlmittelkreislaufes können vorgesehen werden. Beispielsweise kann eine Entlüftungseinrichtung vorgesehen werden, welche mit der Heizungsleitung und dem Kühler in Verbindung steht, und deren Rücklaufleitung ebenfalls stromauf der Pumpe in dem Kühlerrücklauf mündet.It is expedient in the context of the invention if a pump line connects the pump to the inlet side of the cylinder head water jacket. The coolant can thus get out of the cylinder head water jacket in the outlet housing. From the proportional valve branches off the heating line, which leads to the heater. The heating return flows in front of the pump in a radiator return, which opens into the pump. The leading from the block water jacket return water pipe also opens in the radiator return also upstream of the pump. The from the On the other hand, a thermostatically-conducting connecting pipe advantageously flows in the cylinder head water pipe upstream of the radiator. Other components of the coolant circuit can be provided. For example, a ventilation device can be provided, which communicates with the heating line and the radiator, and whose return line also opens upstream of the pump in the radiator return.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist das Thermostat, welches als Teillastthermostat fungiert, über die Verbindungsleitung mit dem Kühler verbunden, wobei die Verbindungsleitung bevorzugt stromauf des Kühlers aber stromab des Proportionalventils in der Kühlerleitung mündet, wobei der Motorblockwassermantel günstiger weise den Kühler umlaufend direkt in dem Kühlerrücklauf mündet.Conveniently, the thermostat, which acts as a partial load thermostat, connected via the connecting line to the radiator, wherein the connecting line preferably upstream of the radiator but downstream of the proportional valve in the radiator line opens, the engine block water jacket conveniently, the radiator opens all around directly in the radiator return.

Zielführend ist, wenn das Steuerelement, also das Proportionalventil und das Thermostat abhängig Betriebsarten des Verbrennungsmotors wie z. B. von einer Warmlaufphase des Verbrennungsmotors und einem "warmen" Verbrennungsmotor schaltbar sind, wobei die beiden Komponenten noch abhängig von dem Vorliegen einer Teillast oder einer Hochlast des Verbrennungsmotors schaltbar sind. Insofern ergeben sich quasi vier Betriebsarten, welche die Steuercharakteristik beeinflussen.Target is when the control, so the proportional valve and the thermostat depending on operating modes of the engine such. B. of a warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine and a "warm" internal combustion engine are switchable, wherein the two components are still switchable depending on the presence of a partial load or a high load of the internal combustion engine. In this respect, quasi four modes of operation, which influence the control characteristics.

Bei einer Warmlaufphase des in Teillast betriebenen Verbrennungsmotors sind alle Pfade des Proportionalventils, also der Pfad zur Blockwasserleitung, der Pfad zur Heizungsleitung und der Pfad zur Kühlerleitung des Proportionalventils als auch das Thermostat zur Verbindungsleitung geschlossen. In diesem Zustand weist der getrennte Kühlmittelkreislauf quasi einen Null-Strömungsbetrag, sowohl im Blockwassermantel als auch im Kopfwassermantel auf. Die Kühlmitteltemperatur hat einen Betrag von weniger als 60°C.In a warm-up phase of the combustion engine operated at partial load, all paths of the proportional valve, ie the path to the block water line, the path to the heating line and the path to the radiator line of the proportional valve and the thermostat to the connecting line are closed. In this state, the separate coolant circuit quasi a zero flow amount, both in the block water jacket and in the headwater jacket. The coolant temperature is less than 60 ° C.

Weist die Kühlmitteltemperatur einen Betrag von mehr als 60°C und weniger als 75°C auf, öffnet der Pfad des Proportionalventils zur Heizungsleitung stufenlos, bis dieser vollständig geöffnet ist. Die no-flow Strategie des Zylinderkopfwassermantels ist aufgegeben, ein Teilstrom des Kühlmittels strömt aus dem Auslaßgehäuse über das Proportionalventil in die Heizungsleitung. Der Pfad zur Blockwasserleitung ist immer noch verschlossen, so dass die Kühlmittelströmung im Blockwassermantel einen Betrag von Null aufweist. Durch den Zylinderkopfwassermantel strömt lediglich der Betrag, welcher auch durch die Heizungsleitung strömen kann. Insofern ist die Kühlmittelströmung im Zylinderkopfwassermantel eher gering, was einem verbesserten Warmlaufverhalten zugute kommt. Gleichwohl kann die Heizung die Fahrzeugkabine genügend erwärmen.If the coolant temperature is more than 60 ° C and less than 75 ° C, the path of the proportional valve to the heater line opens continuously until it is fully open. The no-flow strategy of the cylinder head water jacket is abandoned, a partial flow of the coolant flows from the outlet housing via the proportional valve in the heating line. The path to the block water pipe is still closed, so that the coolant flow in the block water jacket has an amount of zero. Through the cylinder head water jacket flows only the amount that can flow through the heating line. In this respect, the coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket is rather low, which benefits an improved warm-up behavior. Nevertheless, the heater can heat the vehicle cabin sufficiently.

Weist die Kühlmitteltemperatur einen Betrag von 75°C und weniger als 85°C auf, ist der Pfad zur Heizungsleitung vollständig geöffnet, wobei der Pfad zur Blockwasserleitung stufenlos öffnet. Im Blockwassermantel wird nun, unter Aufgabe der now-flow-Strategie eine geringe Kühlmittelströmung ermöglicht. Der Pfad zur Kühlerleitung ist noch verschlossen.If the coolant temperature has an amount of 75 ° C and less than 85 ° C, the path to the heater line is fully open, the path to the block water line opens continuously. In the block water jacket, a small flow of coolant is now made possible by the now-flow strategy. The path to the radiator line is still closed.

Weist die Kühlmitteltemperatur einen Betrag von mehr als 85°C und weniger als 100°C auf, ist der Pfad zur Heizungsleitung nach wie vor vollständig geöffnet. Der Pfad zur Blockwasserleitung dagegen wird über das Proportionalventil so gesteuert, dass die Blocktemperatur auf einen hohen Betrag, beispielsweise auf über 105°C, bevorzugt auf ca. 115°C einregelbar ist. Das Thermostat verschließt weiterhin den Pfad zur Verbindungsleitung, wenn die Kühlmitteltemperatur im Auslaßgehäuse bzw. Im Zylinderkopfwassermantel unterhalb von z. B. 100°C bzw. bevorzugt unterhalb 105°C liegt.If the coolant temperature is greater than 85 ° C and less than 100 ° C, the path to the heater line is still fully open. The path to the block water line, however, is controlled via the proportional valve so that the block temperature can be adjusted to a high amount, for example to above 105 ° C, preferably to about 115 ° C. The thermostat also closes the path to the connecting line when the coolant temperature in the outlet housing or in the cylinder head water jacket below z. B. 100 ° C or preferably below 105 ° C.

Ist die Warmlaufphase beendet können die Steuerkomponenten nunmehr abhängig von dem Betriebszustand "betriebswarmer Motor und Teillast" gesteuert werden.If the warm-up phase is completed, the control components can now be controlled depending on the operating state "operating engine and part load".

Bei dieser Betriebsart, also bei einem warmen, unter Teillast betriebenen Verbrennungsmotors ist der Pfad zur Heizungsleitung geöffnet, der Pfad zur Blockwasserleitung wird geregelt, so dass die Blockwassertemperatur auf einen hohen Betrag von z. B. 115°C einregelbar ist. Weist das Kühlmittel im Zylinderkopfwassermantel bzw. im Auslaßgehäuse einen Betrag von mehr als 100°C auf, öffnet das Thermostat zur Verbindungsleitung. Die Kühlmittelströmung im Zylinderkopfwassermantel wird so weiter erhöht. Dadurch, dass nun ein zusätzlicher Teil der Zylinderkopfkühlmittelströmung über den Hauptkühler geführt wird, ist die Temperatur im Zylinderkopfwassermantel leicht, bevorzugt unter die Öffnungstemperatur regelbar. Die Kühlmittelströmung wird vorteilhaft mittels des Thermostaten (Öffnungstemperatur z. B. 100°C) zusammen mit dem Proportionalventil gesteuert, wenn der Verbrennungsmotor seine Betriebstemperatur aufweist und in Teillast betrieben wird. Das Thermostat ist also bevorzugt als Teillastthermostat ausgeführt, und öffnet nur im Teillastbetrieb wenn die Temperatur im Zylinderkopfwassermantel bzw. Im Auslaßgehäuse einen Betrag oberhalb dessen Öffnungstemperatur aufweist.In this mode, ie at a warm, operated under partial load internal combustion engine, the path to the heating line is opened, the path to the block water pipe is regulated, so that the block water temperature to a high amount of z. B. 115 ° C einregelbar. If the coolant in the cylinder head water jacket or in the outlet housing has an amount of more than 100 ° C, the thermostat opens to the connecting line. The coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket is thus further increased. Characterized in that now an additional portion of the cylinder head coolant flow is passed over the main radiator, the temperature in the cylinder head water jacket is light, preferably adjustable below the opening temperature. The coolant flow is advantageously by means of Thermostats (opening temperature eg 100 ° C) controlled together with the proportional valve when the internal combustion engine has its operating temperature and is operated at partial load. The thermostat is thus preferably designed as a partial load thermostat, and only opens in partial load operation when the temperature in the cylinder head water jacket or in the outlet housing has an amount above the opening temperature.

Im Teillastbetrieb kann der Verbrennungsmotor also in beiden Bereichen unabhängig mit erhöhter Temperatur betrieben werden.In part-load operation, the internal combustion engine can thus be operated independently in both areas with elevated temperature.

Selbstverständlich kann der Pfad des Proportionalventils zur Kühlerleitung bei Bedarf geöffnet werden, wenn z. B. der Verbrennungsmotor mit höherer Last betrieben wird. Dazu öffnet das Proportionalventil die Leitung zum Hauptkühler, um die Temperatur des Zylinderkopfwassermantels auf z. B. 85°C zu regeln. Das Teillastthermostat ist dann geschlossen, da die Öffnungstemperatur nicht erreicht wird. Der Abzweig zum Blockwassermantel ist dann voll geöffnet. Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, den Pfad so zu regeln, dass die Kühlmitteltemperatur im Blockwassermantel gering ist, beispielsweise auf einen Betrag von 90°C geregelt wird, da der Zylinderblock bei höherer Last des Verbrennungsmotors einen höheren Kühlungsbedarf hat.Of course, the path of the proportional valve to the radiator line can be opened if necessary, if z. B. the internal combustion engine is operated at a higher load. For this purpose, the proportional valve opens the line to the main cooler to the temperature of the cylinder head water jacket on z. B. 85 ° C to regulate. The partial load thermostat is then closed because the opening temperature is not reached. The branch to the water jacket is then fully open. It is preferably provided to regulate the path so that the coolant temperature in the block water jacket is low, for example, is controlled to an amount of 90 ° C, since the cylinder block at higher load of the internal combustion engine has a higher cooling demand.

Im Falle einer Funktionsstörung des Proportionalventils und damit einer nicht ausreichenden Kühlmittelströmung zum Hauptkühler, hat das Teillastthermostat auch eine Schutzfunktion. In diesem Fall würde das Teillastthermostat bei einer Erhöhung der Kühlmitteltemperatur oberhalb der Öffnungstemperatur öffnen und Kühlmittel zum Hauptkühler leiten. Das Teillastthermostat kann somit auch als Sicherheitsthermostat fungieren, da eine überhöhte Überhitzung durch Öffnen zum Kühler vermieden wird.In the case of a malfunction of the proportional valve and thus an insufficient coolant flow to the main cooler, the part-load thermostat also has a protective function. In this case, as the coolant temperature rises above the opening temperature, the part load thermostat would open and direct coolant to the main radiator. The partial load thermostat can thus also act as a safety thermostat, as excessive overheating is avoided by opening to the radiator.

Ein weiterer Betriebszustand bzw. Betriebsart liegt vor, wenn der Verbrennungsmotor in der Warmlaufphase mit hoher Last betrieben wird. Bei dieser Betriebsart ist vorteilhaft vorgesehen, dass der Pfad zur Heizungsleitung vollständig geöffnet ist, wobei auch der Pfad zur Blockwasserleitung über das Proportionalventil regelbar ist. Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, den Pfad so zu regeln, dass die Kühlmitteltemperatur im Blockwassermantel gering ist, beispielsweise auf einen Betrag von 90°C geregelt wird, da der Zylinderblock bei Vollast des Verbrennungsmotors hoher Kühlung bedarf. Die Kühlmittelströmung im Zylinderkopfwassermantel wird über das Proportionalventil geregelt, wobei im Zylinderkopfwassermantel eine Temperatur von 85°C einregelbar ist.Another operating state or operating mode is when the internal combustion engine is operated in the warm-up phase at high load. In this mode of operation, it is advantageously provided that the path to the heating line is completely open, whereby the path to the block water line can also be regulated via the proportional valve. It is preferably provided to regulate the path so that the coolant temperature in the block water jacket is low, for example, regulated to an amount of 90 ° C. is because the cylinder block at full load of the engine requires high cooling. The coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket is controlled via the proportional valve, whereby a temperature of 85 ° C can be controlled in the cylinder head water jacket.

Eine weitere Betriebsart liegt vor, wenn der Verbrennungsmotor seine Betriebstemperatur aufweist und unter hoher Last bzw. Vollast betrieben wird. Bei dieser Betriebsart kann der Pfad zur Heizungsleitung geschlossen werden. Dies ist dann sinnvoll, wenn z. B. bei hohen Außentemperaturen die größte Kühlleistung generiert werden soll. Der Pfad zur Blockwasserleitung ist über das Proportionalventil regelbar. Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, den Pfad so zu regeln, dass die Kühlmitteltemperatur im Blockwassermantel gering ist, beispielsweise auf einen Betrag von 90°C geregelt wird, da der Zylinderblock bei hoher Last bzw. bei Vollast des Verbrennungsmotors hoher Kühlung bedarf. Die Kühlmittelströmung im Zylinderkopfwassermantel wird über das Proportionalventil geregelt, wobei im Zylinderkopfwassermantel eine Temperatur von 85°C einregelbar ist. Das Teillastthermostat wird demnach gar nicht öffnen, da die Temperatur unterhalb seiner Öffnungstemperatur liegt. Sollte die Temperatur dennoch über die Öffnungstemperatur steigen, öffnet das Thermostat selbstverständlich und übernimmt seine Schutzfunktion, indem Kühlmittel zusätzlich zum Kühler geleitet wird.Another mode is when the internal combustion engine has its operating temperature and is operated under high load or full load. In this mode, the path to the heating line can be closed. This is useful if z. B. at high outside temperatures, the largest cooling capacity to be generated. The path to the block water line can be controlled via the proportional valve. It is preferably provided to regulate the path so that the coolant temperature in the block water jacket is low, for example, regulated to an amount of 90 ° C, since the cylinder block at high load or at full load of the engine high cooling needs. The coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket is controlled via the proportional valve, whereby a temperature of 85 ° C can be controlled in the cylinder head water jacket. Accordingly, the partial load thermostat will not open at all because the temperature is below its opening temperature. If the temperature still rises above the opening temperature, of course, opens the thermostat and takes over its protective function by coolant is passed in addition to the radiator.

Zielführend im Sinne der Erfindung ist also, wenn das Steuerelement bzw. die beiden Komponenten Proportionalventil und Teillastthermostat abhängig von der Betriebsart gesteuert werden, was bezüglich des Proportionalventils mittels eines Steuergerätes denkbar ist. Selbstverständlich kann die Steuerstrategie auch in dem zentralen Steuergerät des Verbrennungsmotors bzw. des Kraftfahrzeugs abgelegt sein.Targeting in the sense of the invention is therefore when the control or the two components proportional valve and part load thermostat are controlled depending on the mode, which is conceivable with respect to the proportional valve by means of a control unit. Of course, the control strategy can also be stored in the central control unit of the internal combustion engine or of the motor vehicle.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Kühlmittelkreislauf kann so der gesamte Verbrennungsmotor, also der Blockwassermantel aber auch der Kopfwassermantel, wenn auch nur kurzzeitig, so doch ausreichend lange mit der no-flow-Strategie betrieben werden. Trotz der Trennung der beiden Kühlmittelmäntel voneinander, kann die Kabinenheizung versorgt werden, indem der entsprechende Pfad des Proportionalventils geöffnet wird. Die no-flow-Strategie des Kopfwassermantels wird dabei aufgegeben, im Blockwassermantel aber vorteilhaft aufrechterhalten.With the coolant circuit according to the invention, the entire internal combustion engine, that is to say the block water jacket but also the head water jacket, can be operated with the no-flow strategy, if only for a short time, for a sufficiently long time. Despite the separation of the two coolant jackets from each other, the cabin heater can be powered by the appropriate path of the Proportional valve is opened. The no-flow strategy of the headwater jacket is given up, but maintained beneficial in the block water jacket.

Die Kühlmitteleingangstemperatur zum Block wird zudem um ca. 3 bis 5 K angehoben, da die Speisung vom Ausgang des Zylinderkopfkreislaufs erfolgt. Weiter kann die Blocktemperatur, also die Materialtemperatur selbst ebenfalls angehoben werden, da die Temperatur mittels des Teillastthermostaten gesteuert wird, und eine reduzierte Kühlmittelströmung durch den Blockwassermantel generierbar ist. Zielführend ist auch, dass im Zylinderkopfwassermantel eine variable Betriebstemperatur je nach den oben genannten Betriebsarten einstellbar ist. Die Temperatur kann bei Teillast sogar auf bis zu 115°C angehoben werden, wobei bei überschreiten dieser Temperatur das Teillastthermostat öffnet, und so die Kühlmittelströmung vom Betrag her erhöht und einen Teil davon über den Kühler führt. Auch die Kühlmittelströmung durch die Heizung ist während der Warmlaufphase variabel. Insbesondere zielführend ist, dass die Kühlmittelströmung im Blockwassermantel gegenläufig zur Kühlmittelströmung im Zylinderkopfwassermantel ist. Auch die Tatsache, dass aus dem Zylinderkopf austretendes, quasi aufgewärmtes Kühlmittel dem Blockwassermantel zugeführt wird ist vorteilhaft hinsichtlich des Wärmemanagements des Zylinderblocks, da unter anderem Reibungsverluste reduzierbar sind.The coolant inlet temperature to the block is also increased by about 3 to 5 K, since the feed from the output of the cylinder head circuit. Furthermore, the block temperature, ie the material temperature itself, can also be increased, since the temperature is controlled by means of the partial load thermostat, and a reduced flow of coolant through the block water jacket can be generated. It is also leading that in the cylinder head water jacket, a variable operating temperature is adjustable depending on the above-mentioned modes. The temperature can even be raised up to 115 ° C at partial load, when this temperature is exceeded, the part-load thermostat opens, thus increasing the flow of refrigerant and transferring part of it through the radiator. The coolant flow through the heater is variable during the warm-up phase. In particular, it is expedient that the coolant flow in the block water jacket is opposite to the coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket. The fact that quasi-warmed coolant exiting from the cylinder head is also supplied to the block water jacket is advantageous with regard to the thermal management of the cylinder block, since inter alia frictional losses can be reduced.

Zweckmäßig im Sinne der Erfindung ist allerdings auch, dass lediglich ein Teilstrom des den Zylinderkopfwassermantels durchströmenden Kühlmittels über das Proportionalventil in den Blockwassermantel strömt. Dies ist vorteilhaft, da die notwendige Kühlleistung des Zylinderblocks nur etwa 30 bis 50% der Kühlleistung des Zylinderkopfes entspricht. Durch eine Regelung des Kühlmittelstromes kann so die Zylinderblocktemperatur variiert werden. Die Tatsache, dass nicht der gesamte Kühlmittelstrom über den Kühler geleitet wird, kann kompensiert werden, indem der Heizungskreislauf geschlossen wird, da die maximale Kühlleistung am Fahrzeugkühler nur bei hohen Außentemperaturen bereitgestellt werden muß. Die Kabinenheizung ist dann inaktiv. Dies führt zu einer Änderung der Druckverhältnisse und damit zu höherer Strömung durch den Hauptkühler.It is expedient according to the invention, however, that only a partial flow of the coolant flowing through the cylinder head water jacket flows via the proportional valve into the block water jacket. This is advantageous because the necessary cooling capacity of the cylinder block corresponds to only about 30 to 50% of the cooling capacity of the cylinder head. By controlling the flow of coolant so the cylinder block temperature can be varied. The fact that not all of the coolant flow is passed over the radiator can be compensated for by closing the heating circuit, since the maximum cooling capacity on the vehicle radiator must be provided only at high outside temperatures. The cabin heater is then inactive. This leads to a change in the pressure conditions and thus to higher flow through the main cooler.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des getrennten Kühlmittelkreislaufes, bei dem das Thermostat den Kühlmittelfluß durch den Kühler nur bei Teillast des Verbrennungsmotors oder zu Schutzzwecken ermöglicht kann das Thermostat vorteilhaft als einfach wirkendes Thermostat ausgeführt sein, welches bei relativ hohen Temperaturen öffnet, um so erhöhte Kühlmitteltemperaturen insbesondere im Zylinderkopfwassermantel zu ermöglichen, wobei in anderen davon abweichenden Betriebsarten die Zylinderkopfkühlmitteltemperatur reduzierbar, also variabel ist.Due to the inventive design of the separate coolant circuit in which the thermostat allows the coolant flow through the radiator only at partial load of the engine or for protection purposes, the thermostat can be advantageously designed as a single-acting thermostat, which opens at relatively high temperatures, so increased coolant temperatures in particular Cylinder head water jacket to allow, in other deviating modes, the cylinder head coolant temperature is reduced, that is variable.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen und der folgenden Figurenbeschreibung offenbart. Es zeigen

  • Fig.1 1 eine Prinzipskizze eines getrennten Kühlmittelkreislaufes gemäß der Erfindung, und
  • Fig. 2 ein Diagramm zur beispielhaften Steuerung des Steuerelementes.
Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the subclaims and the following description of the figures. Show it
  • Fig.1 1 a schematic diagram of a separate refrigerant circuit according to the invention, and
  • Fig. 2 a diagram for exemplary control of the control.

Ein getrennter Kühlmittelkreislauf 1 ist in der Figur 1 dargestellt. Der getrennte Kühlmittelkreislauf 1 weist sowohl einen Zylinderkopfwassermantel 2 und einen Motorblockwassermantel 3, eine Pumpe 4, einen Kühler 6, ein Steuerelement 7, ein Kühlmittelauslaßgehäuse 8 und eine Heizung 9 auf. Weiter kann der Kühlmittelkreislauf 1 eine Entgasungsvorrichtung 11 aufweisen.A separate coolant circuit 1 is in the FIG. 1 shown. The separate coolant circuit 1 has both a cylinder head water jacket 2 and an engine block water jacket 3, a pump 4, a radiator 6, a control element 7, a coolant outlet housing 8 and a heater 9. Furthermore, the coolant circuit 1 may have a degassing device 11.

Der Zylinderkopfwassermantel 2 ist von dem Blockwassermantel 3 getrennt, so dass ein getrennter Kühlmittelkreislauf 1 vorliegt, in welchem ein Kühlmittel zirkuliert. Die Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels ist mit entsprechenden Pfeilen gekennzeichnet.The cylinder head water jacket 2 is separated from the block water jacket 3, so that there is a separate coolant circuit 1 in which a coolant circulates. The flow direction of the coolant is marked with corresponding arrows.

Das an den Auslaßgehäuse 8 angeordnete Steuerelement 7 ist aus einem Thermostaten 12 und einem davon getrennten Proportionalventil 13 gebildet, wobei das Thermostat 12 parallel zum Proportionalventil 13 angeordnet ist, und wobei das Proportionalventil eine Blockwasserleitung 14 zum Blockwassermantel 3, eine Heizungsleitung 16 zur Heizung 9 und eine Kühlerleitung 17 zu dem Kühler 6 aufweist, und wobei das Thermostat 12 eine Verbindungsleitung 18 zum Kühler aufweist.The arranged on the outlet housing 8 control 7 is formed of a thermostat 12 and a proportional valve 13 separate therefrom, wherein the thermostat 12 is arranged parallel to the proportional valve 13, and wherein the proportional valve a block water line 14 to the block water jacket 3, a heating line 16 to the heater 9 and a radiator line 17 to the radiator 6, and wherein the thermostat 12 has a connection line 18 to the radiator.

Eine Pumpenleitung 19 verbindet die Pumpe 4 mit der Eingangseite 21 des Zylinderkopfwassermantels 2. Das Kühlmittel kann so aus dem Zylinderkopfwassermantel 2 in das Auslaßgehäuse 8 gelangen. Der Heizungsrücklauf 22 mündet vor der Pumpe 4 in einem Kühlerrücklauf 23, welcher in der Pumpe 4 mündet. Die aus dem Blockwassermantel 3 führende Rückwasserleitung 24 mündet ebenso in dem Kühlerrücklauf 23 ebenfalls stromauf der Pumpe 4. Die aus dem Thermostaten 12 führende Verbindungsleitung 18 mündet dagegen vorteilhaft in der Kühlerleitung 17 stromauf des Kühlers 6. Die Entlüftungseinrichtung steht mit der Heizungsleitung 16 und dem Kühler 6 in Verbindung, wobei deren Rücklaufleitung 26 ebenfalls stromauf der Pumpe 4 in dem Kühlerrücklauf 23 mündet.A pump line 19 connects the pump 4 to the inlet side 21 of the cylinder head water jacket 2. The coolant can thus pass from the cylinder head water jacket 2 into the outlet housing 8. The heating return 22 opens in front of the pump 4 in a radiator return 23, which opens into the pump 4. The leading from the block water jacket 3 return water line 24 also opens into the radiator return 23 also upstream of the pump 4. The leading from the thermostat 12 connecting line 18, however, opens advantageously in the radiator line 17 upstream of the radiator 6. The vent is connected to the heating line 16 and the radiator 6 in connection, wherein the return line 26 also opens upstream of the pump 4 in the radiator return 23.

Zielführend bei der Erfindung ist, dass auf eine Bypaßleitung verzichtet werden kann. Die Funktion der Bypaßleitung übernimmt quasi der Motorblockwassermantel 3. Diesem wird Kühlmittel, abhängig von Betriebsarten des Verbrennungsmotors, aus dem Zylinderkopfwassermantel 2 ausströmend zugeleitet. Ersichtlich ist, dass die Kühlmittelströmung im Blockwassermantel 3 gegenläufig zur Kuhlmittelströmung im Zylinderkopfwassermantel 2 ist.The aim of the invention is that can be dispensed with a bypass line. The function of the bypass line takes over virtually the engine block water jacket 3. This is coolant, depending on operating modes of the internal combustion engine, supplied from the cylinder head water jacket 2 outflowing. It can be seen that the coolant flow in the block water jacket 3 is opposite to the coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket 2.

Das Kühlmittel wird dem Blockwassermantel 3, bezogen auf die Strömungsrichtung in Zylinderkopfwassermantel 2 auslaßseitig zugeführt. Das Kühlmittel durchströmt den Blockwassermantel 3 gegenläufig zur Strömungsrichtung im Zylinderkopfwassermantel 2 und tritt, bezogen auf die Kühlmittelströmung im Zylinderkopfwassermantel 2 einlaßseitig aus, und mündet in dem Kühlerrücklauf 23.The coolant is supplied to the block water jacket 3, based on the flow direction in the cylinder head water jacket 2 outlet side. The coolant flows through the block water jacket 3 in opposite directions to the flow direction in the cylinder head water jacket 2 and, based on the flow of coolant in the cylinder head water jacket 2 on the inlet side, and flows into the radiator return 23rd

Die Kühlmitteltemperatur ist so mittels des Proportionalventils abhängig von Betriebsarten regelbar bzw. steuerbar. Bei Teillastbetrieb des Verbrennungsmotors wird die Kühlmitteltemperatur im Zylinderkopfwassermantel 2 mittels des Thermostaten 12 geregelt. Beispielsweise kann das Thermostat 12 eine Öffnungstemperatur von 100°C oder gar von 115°C bzw. einen Betrag dazwischen haben, so dass die Kühlmitteltemperatur im Zylinderkopfwassermantel auf diesen erhöhten Betrag einstellbar ist. Bei Vollast des Verbrennungsmotors ist es vorteilhafter, die Kühlmitteltemperatur im Zylinderkopfwassermantel auf ca. 85°C, und im Blockwassermantel eine geringe Temperatur von ca. 90°C einzustellen. Das Thermostat öffnet bei diesen geringen Temperaturen gar nicht, so dass die Kühlmitteltemperatur einzig über das Proportionalventil gesteuert wird. Die Betriebsarten und die Temperatursteuerung sind bereits oben beschrieben, und werden vollumfänglich zum bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel.The coolant temperature can be controlled or controlled by means of the proportional valve depending on operating modes. At partial load operation of the internal combustion engine, the coolant temperature in the cylinder head water jacket 2 is controlled by means of the thermostat 12. For example, the thermostat 12 may have an opening temperature of 100 ° C or even 115 ° C or an amount therebetween, so that the coolant temperature in the cylinder head water jacket is adjustable to this increased amount. At full load of the internal combustion engine, it is more advantageous to set the coolant temperature in the cylinder head water jacket to about 85 ° C, and in the block water jacket a low temperature of about 90 ° C. The Thermostat does not open at these low temperatures, so that the coolant temperature is controlled solely by the proportional valve. The modes of operation and the temperature control have already been described above, and become the preferred embodiment in their entirety.

Figur 2 zeigt lediglich beispielhaft ein Diagramm bei welchem die Kühlmittelströmungen durch die Heizung (Linie 27), durch den Motorblockwassermantel (Linie 28) und durch den Kühler (Linie 29) dargestellt sind. Auf der Hochachse ist die Strömungsrate in I/min aufgetragen. Auf der horizontalen ist die Öffnung des Proportionalventils 13 in % aufgetragen. FIG. 2 merely shows by way of example a diagram in which the coolant flows are represented by the heater (line 27), by the engine block water jacket (line 28) and by the radiator (line 29). On the vertical axis, the flow rate in I / min is plotted. On the horizontal, the opening of the proportional valve 13 is plotted in%.

In einer ersten Phase 31 weist die Strömungsrate in allen Leitungen und den beiden Wassermänteln 2 und 3 einen Betrag von Null auf (no-flow-Strategie).In a first phase 31, the flow rate in all lines and the two water jackets 2 and 3 has a magnitude of zero (no-flow strategy).

In einer zweiten Phase 32 strömt zunehmend Kühlmittel zur Heizung 9. Die Kühlmittelströmungen im Motorblockwassermantel 3 und im Kühler 6 sind NULL (No-flow-Strategie im Block). Im Zylinderkopfwassermantel ist eine geringe Kühlmittelströmung vorhanden. Das Proportionalventil 13 öffnet die Heizungsleitung stufenlos bis der Pfad vollständig geöffnet ist. Dies entspricht einem Gesamtöffnungsgrad von bis zu 30 % des Proportionalventils 13.In a second phase 32, coolant is increasingly flowing to the heater 9. The coolant flows in the engine block water jacket 3 and in the cooler 6 are ZERO (no-flow strategy in the block). There is low coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket. The proportional valve 13 opens the heating line continuously until the path is fully opened. This corresponds to a total opening degree of up to 30% of the proportional valve 13.

In einer dritten Phase 33 ist die no-flow Strategie auch im Blockwassermantel aufgegeben. Das Proportionalventil öffnet diesen Pfad stufenlos. Der Pfad zum Kühler 6 ist nach vor verschlossen. Dies ist im Teillastbetrieb möglich, so dass die Temperatursteuerung im Zylinderkopfwassermantel einzig über das Teillastthermostat 12 erfolgt.In a third phase 33, the no-flow strategy is also abandoned in the block water jacket. The proportional valve opens this path continuously. The path to the radiator 6 is closed before. This is possible in partial load operation, so that the temperature control in the cylinder head water jacket takes place only via the partial load thermostat 12.

Wie erkennbar steigt die Strömungsrate im Motorblockwassermantel 3 von 0 auf bis zu 40 l/min an, wobei in dieser Phase die Strömung durch die Heizung von 25 l/min auf etwa 20l/min abnimmt. Am Ende der dritten Phase ist das Proportionalventil ca. 50% geöffnet, also der Pfad zum Blockwassermantel und zur Heizung ist geöffnet. Im Teillastbetrieb ist es völlig ausreichend, die Temperatur im Zylinderkopfwassermantel einzig über das Teillastthermostat zu regeln und auf einen hohen Betrag einzuregeln. Ist diese "Grenztemperatur" erreicht, öffnet das Teillastthermostat zum Kühler.As can be seen, the flow rate in the engine block water jacket 3 increases from 0 up to 40 l / min, in which phase the flow through the heater decreases from 25 l / min to about 20 l / min. At the end of the third phase, the proportional valve is open approx. 50%, ie the path to the water jacket and to the heating is open. In partial load operation, it is quite sufficient to control the temperature in the cylinder head water jacket only on the part load thermostat and on a high level. When this "limit temperature" is reached, the part-load thermostat opens to the radiator.

Wird nun erkannt, dass keine Teillast des Verbrennungsmotors mehr vorliegt, sondern Volllast, wird die Zylinderkopfkühlmitteltemperatur in einer vierten Phase 34 auf einen Betrag von ca. 85°C geregelt. Das Proportionalventil 13 öffnet den Pfad zum Kühler stufenlos, so dass dieser mit bis zu 120/min durchströmt wird. Der Pfad zur Heizung kann geschlossen werden.If it is now recognized that there is no longer a partial load of the internal combustion engine, but full load, the cylinder-head coolant temperature is regulated in a fourth phase 34 to an amount of approximately 85 ° C. The proportional valve 13 opens the path to the radiator continuously, so that it flows through with up to 120 / min. The path to the heater can be closed.

Die genannten Werte für die Grenztemperaturen und für die Kühlmittelströmungsraten des Proportionalventils sind natürlich lediglich exemplarisch zu verstehen und dienen lediglich als beispielhafte Richtwerte welche keinesfalls einschränkend sein sollen. Vielmehr sollten diese Werte während der Motorentwicklung ermittelt aber nicht endgültig festgelegt werden.The stated values for the limit temperatures and for the coolant flow rates of the proportional valve are, of course, only to be understood as examples and serve merely as exemplary guide values which should by no means be limiting. Rather, these values should be determined during engine development but not finalized.

Der Ausdruck "im Wesentlichen" bzw. "etwa" oder "ca." bedeutet im Sinne der Erfindung Abweichungen vom jeweils exakten Wert um +/- 10%, bevorzugt um +/-5% und/oder Abweichungen in Form von für die Funktion unbedeutenden Änderungen. Die technischen Begriffe "Teillast" und "Vollast" sind in der Fachwelt ebenso einschlägig bekannt wie die Begriffe "Warmlaufphase" und "betriebswarm".The term "essentially" or "approximately" or "approx." means for the purposes of the invention deviations from the respective exact value by +/- 10%, preferably by +/- 5% and / or deviations in the form of insignificant for the function changes. The technical terms "partial load" and "full load" are as well known in the art as the terms "warm-up phase" and "operating warm".

Claims (7)

Strategie zum Betreiben eines getrennten Kühlmittelkreislaufs (1) eines Verbrennungsmotors, wobei ein Zylinderkopfwassermantel (2) und ein Motorblockwassermantel (3) vorgesehen ist, wobei der getrennte Kühlmittelkreislauf (1) eine Pumpe (4), einen Kühler (6), ein Steuerelement (7), ein Auslaßgehäuse (8) und eine Heizung (9) aufweist, und wobei in dem getrennten Kühlmittelkreislauf (1) ein Kühlmittel zirkuliert,
wobei
das Steuerelement (7) aus einem Thermostaten (12) und einem davon getrennten Proportionalventil (13) gebildet ist, welche an dem Auslaßgehäuse (8) parallel geschaltet angeordnet sind, wobei Kühlmittel das Proportionalventil (13) passierend über eine Blockwasserleitung (14) zum Motorblockwassermantel (3), über eine Heizungsleitung (16) zur Heizung (9) und über eine Kühlerleitung (17) zum Kühler (6) geleitet wird, wobei Kühlmittel das Thermostat (12) passierend über eine Verbindungsleitung (18) zum Kühler (6) geleitet wird, wobei das Thermostat (12) und das Proportionalventil (13) unabhängig voneinander aber abhängig von Betriebsarten (31, 32, 33, 34) eines Verbrennungsmotors eine Kühlmittelströmung durch die jeweilige Leitung (14, 16, 17, 18) bewirken.A strategy for operating a separate coolant circuit (1) of an internal combustion engine, wherein a cylinder head water jacket (2) and an engine block water jacket (3) is provided, wherein the separate coolant circuit (1) comprises a pump (4), a cooler (6), a control element (7 ), an outlet housing (8) and a heater (9), and wherein in the separate coolant circuit (1) circulates a coolant,
in which
the control element (7) is formed by a thermostat (12) and a proportional valve (13) separated therefrom, which are arranged in parallel on the outlet housing (8), wherein coolant passes through the proportional valve (13) via a block water line (14) to the engine block water jacket (3), via a heating line (16) to the heater (9) and a cooler line (17) to the radiator (6) is passed, wherein coolant passing the thermostat (12) passing via a connecting line (18) to the radiator (6) is, wherein the thermostat (12) and the proportional valve (13) independently but depending on operating modes (31, 32, 33, 34) of an internal combustion engine cause a coolant flow through the respective line (14, 16, 17, 18). Strategie nach Anspruch 1,
umfassend
das Feststellen einer Warmlaufphase des Verbrennungsmotors unter Teillast desselben, wobei zunächst alle Pfade des Proportionalventils (13) aber auch des Thermostaten (12) geschlossen sind, so dass sowohl im Blockwassermantel als auch im Zylinderkopfwassermantel eine Kühlmitteströmung mit dem Betrag NULL vorliegt.Strategy according to claim 1,
full
the determination of a warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine under partial load thereof, wherein initially all paths of the proportional valve (13) but also the thermostat (12) are closed, so that both in the block water jacket and in the cylinder head water jacket there is a coolant flow with the amount NULL. Strategie nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
umfassend
das Feststellen einer Warmlaufphase des Verbrennungsmotors unter Teillast desselben, wobei der Pfad des Proportionalventils (13) zur Heizungsleitung (16) öffnet, die anderen Pfade des Proportionalventils (13) aber auch des Thermostaten (12) geschlossen sind, so dass im Blockwassermantel eine Kühlmitteströmung mit dem Betrag NULL, und im Zylinderkopfwassermantel (2) eine Kühlmittelströmung vorliegt.Strategy according to claim 1 or 2,
full
the determination of a warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine under partial load of the same, wherein the path of the proportional valve (13) to the heating line (16) opens, the other paths of the proportional valve (13) but also the Thermostats (12) are closed, so that there is a coolant flow in the block water jacket with a magnitude of zero, and in the cylinder head water jacket (2) a coolant flow. Strategie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
umfassend
das Feststellen einer Warmlaufphase des Verbrennungsmotors unter Teillast desselben, wobei der Pfad des Proportionalventils (13) zur Heizungsleitung (16) geöffnet ist, und der Pfad zur Blockwasserleitung (14) öffnet, so dass Kühlmittel aus dem Zylinderkopf austretend in den Blockwassermantel (3) eintritt, wobei der andere Pfad des Proportionalventils (13) aber auch des Thermostaten (12) geschlossen ist, so dass sowohl im Blockwassermantel (3) als auch im Zylinderkopfwassermantel (2) eine Kühlmittelströmung vorliegt.Strategy according to one of the preceding claims,
full
the determination of a warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine under partial load thereof, wherein the path of the proportional valve (13) to the heating line (16) is opened, and the path to the block water line (14) opens, so that coolant from the cylinder head exiting enters the block water jacket (3) , wherein the other path of the proportional valve (13) but also the thermostat (12) is closed, so that both in the block water jacket (3) and in the cylinder head water jacket (2) there is a flow of coolant. Strategie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
umfassend
das Feststellen eines betriebswarmen Verbrennungsmotors, welcher unter Teillast betrieben wird, wobei der Pfad zur Heizungsleitung geöffnet ist, und der Pfad zur Blockwasserleitung (14) so geregelt wird, dass im Blockwassermantel (3) eine erhöhte Temperatur von etwa 115°C eingeregelt wird, wobei das Thermostat (12) öffnet wenn seine Grenztemperatur von beispielsweise 100°C überschritten wird, so dass die Kühlmitteströmung im Zylinderkopfwassermantel (2) so erhöht wird, das Kühlmittel aber auch durch den Kühler (6) strömt.Strategy according to one of the preceding claims,
full
the determination of a warm running internal combustion engine, which is operated under partial load, the path to the heating line is opened, and the path to the block water line (14) is regulated so that in the block water jacket (3) an elevated temperature of about 115 ° C is adjusted the thermostat (12) opens when its limit temperature of, for example, 100 ° C is exceeded, so that the coolant flow in the cylinder head water jacket (2) is increased, but the coolant also flows through the radiator (6). Strategie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
umfassend
das Feststellen eines warmlaufenden Verbrennungsmotors, welcher unter Vollast betrieben wird, wobei der Pfad zur Heizungsleitung (16) vollständig geöffnet ist, und der Pfad zur Blockwasserleitung (14) so geregelt wird, dass im Blockwassermantel (3) eine Temperatur von etwa 90°C eingeregelt wird.Strategy according to one of the preceding claims,
full
the determination of a warm-running internal combustion engine, which is operated under full load, the path to the heating line (16) is fully open, and the path to the block water line (14) is regulated so that in the block water jacket (3) adjusted to a temperature of about 90 ° C. becomes. Strategie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
das Feststellen eines betriebswarmen Verbrennungsmotors, welcher unter Vollast betrieben wird, wobei der Pfad zur Heizungsleitung (16) geschlossen ist, und wobei der Pfad zur Blockwasserleitung (14) in seiner Strömungsrate über das Proportionalventil (13) so regelbar ist, dass im Blockwassermantel (3) eine Temperatur von etwa 90°C eingeregelt wird, wobei im Zylinderkopfwassermantel (2) eine Temperatur von etwa 85°C einregelbar ist.Strategy according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the determination of a warm-running internal combustion engine, which is operated under full load, the path to the heating line (16) is closed, and wherein the path to the block water line (14) in its flow rate through the proportional valve (13) is adjustable so that in the block water jacket (3 ) is adjusted to a temperature of about 90 ° C, wherein in the cylinder head water jacket (2) a temperature of about 85 ° C is einregelbar.
EP11178430.2A 2011-08-23 2011-08-23 Strategy to operate a split coolant circuit Active EP2562378B1 (en)

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EP11178430.2A EP2562378B1 (en) 2011-08-23 2011-08-23 Strategy to operate a split coolant circuit
US13/591,076 US8739745B2 (en) 2011-08-23 2012-08-21 Cooling system and method
RU2012135987/06A RU2592155C2 (en) 2011-08-23 2012-08-22 Method for operating separated circuit of cooling liquid
CN201210302833.4A CN102953798B (en) 2011-08-23 2012-08-23 Cooling system and method

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EP3530900A1 (en) * 2018-02-23 2019-08-28 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Combustion engine and motor vehicle
CN111396186A (en) * 2020-04-16 2020-07-10 昆明云内动力股份有限公司 Split type cooling system and method for engine
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