EP2552747A1 - Élément régulateur de température et dispositif régulateur de température pour un véhicule - Google Patents

Élément régulateur de température et dispositif régulateur de température pour un véhicule

Info

Publication number
EP2552747A1
EP2552747A1 EP11712234A EP11712234A EP2552747A1 EP 2552747 A1 EP2552747 A1 EP 2552747A1 EP 11712234 A EP11712234 A EP 11712234A EP 11712234 A EP11712234 A EP 11712234A EP 2552747 A1 EP2552747 A1 EP 2552747A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
peltier
heat
eiement
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11712234A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Holger Brehm
Jürgen Grünwald
Dirk Neumeister
Holger Schroth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102010013467A external-priority patent/DE102010013467A1/de
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2552747A1 publication Critical patent/EP2552747A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5678—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by electrical systems
    • B60N2/5692—Refrigerating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
    • H10N10/17—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the structure or configuration of the cell or thermocouple forming the device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a Temperieriement and a tempering device for a vehicle, in particular for an electric or hybrid vehicle.
  • thermoeykineal materials are already being exploited in cooling applications such as cooling of electronic components or in camping coolers. Efficiency has so far been considered too low for automotive applications, but the reverse effect of electricity generation from temperature differences by means of thermoelectricity at the exhaust system of combustion engine driven vehicles is propagated by well-known manufacturers in the industry and developed towards series production. So far, the conventional Käitekressfauf is used for the air conditioning of the cabin, for heating is largely set in electrical vehicles of the first generations to electric resistance heaters.
  • Resistive heaters only reach a COP-1 and load the range of the Ejektrolanguagees considerably.
  • the circuit operates in principle with an acceptable COP, but contains many individual components and must be regularly refilled with refrigerant. In total, separate units for heating (radiator) and cooling (refrigeration circuit) must be installed for each of the functions.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that a heating or cooling element in the layer design can be made possible by a skillful series maintenance of Peltier elements, such that in each case identically doped Peltier elements are arranged adjacent in a layer.
  • Peltier elements differs from the use of PTC stones among other things by the fact that two differently doped materials, ie p- and n-doped elements, are in shadow with each other.
  • the Peitlereleniente have a configuration such that one warm side each two differently doped Peitlereleniente and a Kaitseite two differently doped Feitieriata are electrically connected, so that a total of a serial circuit results.
  • such a configuration can hardly be transferred directly to a production-appropriate radiator or heat sink, since the metallic conductors do not form a continuous ridge, which goes beyond two differently doped, immediately adjacent elements. The interruptions could only be bridged by an electrical nonconductor. This non-conductor is an obstacle to the heat transfer on both sides.
  • the approach according to the invention describes a radiator with a possible cooling function for heating or cooling the cabin of an electric vehicle, which can be produced as inexpensively as possible with the least possible effort and already replaceable manufacturing technologies and also has a high efficiency by optimizing the heat transfer.
  • a radiator according to the invention can have easily produced, continuous webs for a ribbing and continuous channels for cooling water, which are each designed as electrical conductors.
  • a direct direct thermal bonding of the stapling elements to a liquid and / or air side a high heat transfer can be realized, which is due in particular to the fact that no electrical insulators are present as thermal barriers in this region.
  • such a combination can be used from series and parallel connection can be tuned to 12V.
  • the heat transfer at fins on the air side and a kuHowasserkanai can be performed on two sides according to a ⁇ us Installationsform.
  • Such a structure offers the further advantage that a possible thermal insulation effect of a galvanic separation, for example between the ribs, unproblematic, since there is no temperature gradient here due to the symmetry condition,
  • a possible thermal insulation effect of a galvanic separation for example between the ribs, unproblematic, since there is no temperature gradient here due to the symmetry condition.
  • a basic design designed in accordance with the approach according to the invention thus has the advantage that it essentially differs from that of a radiator with a material connection by two points. First, cooling water canals are already used as a heat source, for a heating operation, or as a heat sink for a cooling operation available.
  • a heater without combustion waste heat with COP> 1 and a combination of functions cooling and heating in a structure is possible.
  • refrigerant as well as a simple decentralization due to modularity, due to repetitive layers and a repetitive surface structure within a layer.
  • the tempering element can be used for example in an electric or hybrid vehicle to temper a passenger compartment of the vehicle. Tempering can mean heating as well as cooling.
  • the first Peitier element layer and the second Peitier element layer may be formed of two differently doped semiconductor materials. Thus, for example, the first Peitier element layer n-doped and the second Peitier- element layer p-doped or vice versa, the first Peitier element layer p-doped and the second Peitier element layer n-doped.
  • semiconductor instead of semiconductor
  • other suitable conductors can be used for the Peltier element layers.
  • the first and second electrically conductive varnishieiteriage can be formed of a highly conductive metal.
  • a current applied to the tempering element may enter the tempering element at one end of the stack, pass through the entire stack and leave it again at an opposite end, for example, via suitable contacts connected to an electrical line, the first and second electrically conductive ones sauiiteriage can each be traversed by a réelleleitfluid.
  • the first and second heat conductor layers may be arranged in the stack with respect to the first and second Peltier element layers so that a temperature generated by the peltser effect may be transferred to the heat conducting fluids carried therein. According to the Peltier effect and the arrangement of the heat conductor layers with respect to the Peltier element layers, one of the heat conducting fluids is always heated and the other cooled during operation of the tempering.
  • the first and second thermal fluid may each be a gas or a liquid.
  • one of the heat-conducting fluids can serve to be directed into a passenger compartment of the vehicle in order to cool or heat it. If the current flow in the Temperiereiement reversed, so the planteleitfluid, which was previously heated by the tempering now be cooled, or vice versa.
  • an electrical insulation can be arranged between the heat conductivity fluid and a surface of the heat conductor layer facing the heat fluid.
  • the temperature control element may comprise a further first electrically conductive heat conductor layer and additionally or alternatively comprise a further second electrically conductive heat conductor layer.
  • the further first and / or further second heat conductor layer may be arranged in the stack separated by at least one of the first or second paper layer from the first or second heat conductor layer.
  • the stack may be constructed such that at the bottom of the stack, the "further two" te slaughteriage is located on the first Peltier-Eiement-layer is located. On this turn, the first réelleleiteriage can be arranged, on which the second Peltier-Eiement-layer is located. The second cherriesleiterläge can form the conclusion of the Temperiereiementstapels.
  • the stack may be constructed so that the further first heat conductor layer forms the first layer of the stack.
  • the first Peltier-Eiement layer, the second denominationleiteriage, the first balleiteriage, the second Peltier-Eiement layer and the other second balleiteriage can be arranged successively, for example, wherein between the second denominationleiteriage and the first denominationleiteriage a thermal insulating layer can.
  • the Temperiereiement comprises a further second electrically conductive Jerusalemiage
  • the second having a first electrical contact
  • the further second having a second electrical contact
  • the first Peltier-Eiement layer and the second Peltier-Eiement layer between the second denominationleiteriage and the other second can be arranged.
  • the first heat conductor layer may be disposed between the first Peltier-Eiement layer and the second Peltier- Eiement layer. According to this arrangement, a first pellet effect can be achieved at the first heat conductor layer, so that the first heat conductor layer can be heated or cooled in accordance with a polarity of the current conducted through the stack.
  • the second heat conductor sheet can be heated when the first heat conductor sheet is cooled or cooled when the first heat conductor sheet is heated.
  • This arrangement offers the further advantage that no thermally insulating layer between the individual layers is required, always different tempered zonesleiferlagen are always separated by a Peltier Elemenf layer.
  • a stacking of the tempering with another same Tempenerelement also only a galvanic separation and no thermo-galvanic separation between the tempering is required, since two heat conducting layers are arranged adjacent to each other, the are exposed to the same Peltier effect and thus have the same temperature,
  • the tempering may comprise a further first heat conducting layer and a further second denominationleiteriage.
  • the first heat conductor layer may have a first electrical contact
  • the further first heat conductor layer may have a second electrical contact.
  • the tempering can have an electrical line for connecting the second balleiteriage with the other second balleiteriage.
  • the first balleiteriage and the second denominationleiteriage between the first and the second PeStier-Etement-layer can be arranged and the first Pei-Elindent-layer and the second Peltier-Etement-layer between the other first balleiteriage and the other second balleiteriage arranged be.
  • Between the first balleiteriage and the second balleiteriage can also be arranged a galvanic and thermal insulating layer.
  • an electric current can enter the tempering element at the first electrical contact and from there the second pervious element layer, the second heat conductor layer. pass through the further second denominationleiteriage, the first Peltier-Eiement-layer and finally the further first silkleiteriag via the electrical line. At the second electrical contact, the electric current can be forced out of the tempering element and possibly into a further tempering element.
  • the various heat conductors of the temperature element can also be connected to one another via additional electrical lines.
  • the additional lines can be arranged in each case at the opposite ends of the lines of the respective planteleiier- layers of the tempering.
  • the heat conductor layers provided with a first or second contact can each have additional ontacts for changing the additional lines.
  • Such a double-sided supply and discharge of the electric current left and right on the tempering, for example by means of cables, can -
  • the first Peltier element layer may have at least two first Peltier element conductors arranged adjacent to one another
  • the second Peastier element layer may have at least two second Peltier element conductors arranged adjacently to one another.
  • a distance between the individual elements in elements may be selected depending on a heat output of the Peltier element conductors.
  • electrical insulation can be arranged between the individual Peltier-EIement conductors.
  • the Peltier element conductor can be arranged areally, so for example both in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction side by side.
  • the first Peltier element layer and the second Peltier element layer may each have at least one first Peltier element conductor and at least one second Peltier element conductor.
  • the first and second Peltier element conductors may be arranged adjacent to each other and electrically conductively connected to each other.
  • the electrical current tested by the stack can serially flow through the first Peltier element conductor and second Peltier element conductor.
  • the first Peltier element lines may be n-doped and the second Peitier element lines may be P-type, or vice versa.
  • the first heat conductor layer can be considered a kink! be formed and the second heat conductor layer may be formed as a ribbed Eiemeni.
  • the coolant passage may be formed as a pipe for guiding a coolant liquid.
  • the ribbed element can be formed, for example, from two webs, between which a zigzag or wave-shaped bent metal band is arranged, so that, for example, obliquely arranged ribs are formed between the webs.
  • the second heat source may be air that is directed from a vehicle environment into the vehicle and passed through the second heat conductor layer where it is cooled or heated in accordance with a temperature of the second heat conductor layer.
  • the second heat conducting layer advantageously offers a large temperature transition surface for the fluid guided through the second heat conducting layer.
  • the first heat conducting layer for guiding air and the second heat conducting layer for guiding a liquid can also be formed.
  • the first heat conducting layer can have a plurality of coolant channels arranged adjacent to one another and the wide heat conducting layer can have a plurality of rib elements arranged adjacent to one another.
  • the first heat conducting layer may have on its outside a galvanic insulating layer. This may be surrounded by a conductor layer, which may be formed to allow a current flow between the first Peltier element layer and the second Pelfier element layer.
  • the first heat conducting layer may be completely enclosed by the conductor layer, or the conductor layer may be applied on two opposite sides of the first heat conducting layer and connected to an electrical line. In this way, the electrical Stromfiuss can be ensured by the stack of tempering, at the same time the first heat conductor layer is excluded from an electrical Stromfiuss. So can Leakage currents are avoided in the coolant flowing through the first réelleleiteriage.
  • the first heat conductor layer and the second heat conductor layer may be configured to provide mutually orthogonal flow directions for the first heat conduction fluid and the second heat conduction fluid. In this way, inlets and outlets of the different heat conductors can be arranged on different sides of the tempering element.
  • the present invention further provides a temperature control device comprising a plurality of temperature control elements, wherein the plurality of Temperiereiementen are connected via the respective first and second contacts in a series circuit.
  • a galvanic Isoiierlage between each two of the plurality of tempering a galvanic Isoiierlage be arranged.
  • an electrical current flow can be ensured successively by all Temperiereiemente the temperature control.
  • Contacts of a first and last tempering device in relation to the current flow can be connected to a current source.
  • Between adjacent tempering arranged galvanic insulating layers can also provide a thermal insulation between the individual tempering. This is particularly important when two differently tempered réelleleiteriagen are arranged adjacent to each other in the temperature control.
  • the Temperiereiemente can be connected both in a series connection as well as in a parallel circuit or in an isehförrh in the temperature control.
  • the plurality of tempering elements can be arranged in at least one stack.
  • one dimension of the tempering device via a corresponding number of stacked tempering and / or a horizontal extension of the individual layers of the plurality of Tempering be angepassi existing spatial conditions.
  • the tempering ' may also be formed of a plurality of stacks, which are arranged adjacent and connected via the respective contacts in a series circuit or a parallel circuit,
  • the present invention further provides a temperature control device for a vehicle, with. the following features: a first densityleiteriage for conducting a first balleitfluids; a Peltier element layer having a plurality of ply eggs spaced apart from one another and each comprising a plurality of Peltier-earthing conductors; and a second heat conductor layer for conducting a second heat conducting fluid; wherein the layers are arranged in the form of a stack, so that the Peltier element layer is arranged between the first réelleleiteriage and the second milleiteriage.
  • the Peltier element layer can be designed to cool the first balleiteriage and to heat the second heat conductor legend, or vice versa.
  • Each Peltier element may be implemented as a separate Peltier module, which means that each Peltier element has its own electrical connections for supplying and discharging a current flowing through the Peltier-Efement conductors of the petal element.
  • the Peltier elements can each have a base plate on which only the Peltier element conductors of the respective Peltier element are arranged. A distance between adjacent Peltier element conductors within a Peltier element may be less than a distance between adjacent Peliier- Eiementen.
  • the Peltfer elements may each comprise both n-type Peltier element conductors and p-type Peier element conductors. Also, the Peitier-ESement conductor can be designed as vapor-deposited conductor tracks or as a fabric.
  • the majority of Peltier elements of a Peltier element layer can cover a maximum of one-tenth of a total area of the Pei er ⁇ Eemente layer. Between the Peltier elements, a thermally isolated interspace can be faefin- the. Alternatively, the plurality of Peltier element conductors may cover a maximum of ten times the total area of the Feitier element layer.
  • the tempering device may comprise a further Peitier-EIement layer having a plurality of further Peltier elements which are .babstandet each other and each comprise a plurality of further Peltier element conductors, and another first heat conductor position for guiding the first heat-conducting fluid.
  • the further peeling element position can be arranged in the stack between the second heat conductor layer and the further first heat conductor layer. In this way, no thermal insulation between adjacent layers is required »
  • the Temperiervorricntisng having a thermal insulating layer, a further first ieiierlage for guiding the first Wärmieiffluids and another Peltier element layer having a plurality of further Peltier Eiementen (6 ⁇ ), which are spaced from each other and each have a plurality of
  • the thermal insulating layer in the stack adjacent to the second heat conducting layer and the further first politiciansleitefiage can be arranged in the stack between the thermal insulating layer and the other Peltier element layer.
  • a tempering device has a shank device, which is designed to move the first heat-conducting fluid through the first heat conducting layer and the further first heating layer in a first operating mode of the tempering device and through the first heating layer or through the first heating layer in a second operating mode to conduct further first thermal conductor layer.
  • the tempering can be designed as a folding.
  • the temperingvqrric In the first mode of operation, the heat output can be higher than in the second mode of operation.
  • a .Aus enclosuresform may arranged adjacent Peltier element layers, for example the first Pei 'tier Eiement-layer and the second Peltser element capable of having a different number of Peltier Elerrient conductors or Peltier elements.
  • an arrangement of Peltier element conductors or Peitier eggs may be used. to distinguish adjacent Peltier element layers.
  • an areal extent of the Peltier-Eiement conductor or the Peltier element may differ on adjacently arranged Peltier element layers.
  • FIG. 1 shows a pragmatism of a temperature control device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Temperiervo direction according to a further(sbesspiei of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a detail of the Temperiervornchtuhg of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a Temperiervornohtung according to a wide renjarsbeispieider present invention
  • 5 shows a schematic representation of a series calibration of a plurality of temperature control devices, according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a plying member of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of a Peltier-Eiement layer, according to an embodiment example. the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a principle view of a temping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 shows an exploded view of a section of a temperature control device, according to an exemplary embodiment. the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a Peltier-Eiement layer and a Peltfcr Efements, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a projection of two Peltier element layers, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the tempter device 100 is formed here from a stack of four temperature control units 105.
  • the tempering device 100 may also have more or fewer tempering elements 105.
  • the second thermal conductor layer 125 forms the base of the stack.
  • the first Peitier element layer 110 is arranged, on which in turn the first heat conductor layer 120 is arranged. This is covered by the second Peitier Elemenf lag 1 15 on which finally the other second heat conductor layer 130 is located.
  • FIG. 1 As shown in FIG.
  • the first Peltier-Efcmenf layer 110 and the second Peltier-element layer 1 15 each composed of three individual spaced adjacent arranged Peltier Ele-Leitem 135 together.
  • the Peltier element conductors 135 are provided with a reference mark.
  • the Peltier element conductors 135 of the first Peitier element layer 110 are n-doped and the Peltier element conductors 135 of the second Peltier element layer 115 are P-doped.
  • the first heat conducting layer 120 is each an ühimitielkana! educated.
  • the second heat conducting layer 25 and the further second heat conducting layer 130 are each designed as a rib element with two parallel webs and between the webs obliquely arranged ribs.
  • a galvanic insulating layer 140 is arranged between each two adjacent tempering elements 105.
  • only one of the galvanic insulating layers 140 is identified by a reference numeral.
  • one of the two victories of the rib element 130 can also be dispensed with, for example if two tempering elements 05 follow each other in the stack, so that a second heat conducting layer 125 of a tempering element 105 adjoins, and with conversion. Stands separated only by a galvanic Isolieriage 140, is arranged to a further second heat conductor layer 130 of a subsequent Temperiereiemenis 105.
  • the web adjacent to the insulating layer 140 can be dispensed with. Adjacent layers may be in direct contact with each other.
  • the second heat conducting layer 125 has a first electrical contact 145 and the further second heat conducting layer 130 has a second electrical contact 150.
  • each have a second contact 150 of a tempering 105 is connected to a first contact 145 of a neighboring Temperiereiemenis 105 via an electrical line 155.
  • the first contact 145 of the uppermost tempering belt 105 in the temperature control device 100 and the second contact 150 of the lowest temperature control element 105 are connected to an electrical supply line or discharge, so that a current introduced into the temperature control device 100 through the supply line flow the entire stack and can leave this through the derivative again.
  • Each radiator or tempering core 105 includes a coolant channel 120 and air passages 125, 130. Heat is transferred between the coolant and the Peltier elements 135 and between the pave elements 135 and the finned air side 125, 130 via the lance elements 135 , Due to the advantageous electrical interconnection 155, an easy-to-manufacture construction principle can be achieved. In addition, radiator 105 eliminates the need for electrical insulators, which would generally adversely affect heat pipe properties in areas of high heat transfer demand.
  • Thedemifteikanäle 120 are flowed through with coolant. To these are on both sides di Pellieretti 135 connected, so that the heat transfer in both directions can be done.
  • the heat is transmitted via the Peitierelindente 135 and reaches the benppte air side 125, 130, the ribs 125, 130 facilitate the heat transfer to the air.
  • This heat cycle is also carried out electrically continuously conductive, since the electrically conductive heat conducting layers 120, 125, 130 of metal, for example, aluminum , are formed and the Peitiereschreibente 135 thermoeiektrisch active functional material.
  • the electrical insulation layer 140 is located centrally between the ribs 125, 130. A possible heat transfer resistance through the insulation layer 140 does not matter, since according to the symmetry there is no heat transfer in the vertical direction in the sense of the active principle.
  • the Peitierecidente 135 in Fig. 1 are executed in a row (layer) each exclusively p- or n-doped.
  • the electrical Verschaitung 155 is carried out such that an increase of the Temperiervorriehtung 100 in the vertical direction by increasing the number of layers of Temperiermaschinen 105 causes an increase in the total voltage drop across the Temperieworridhtung 100.
  • the tempering device 100 comprises four layers of tempering elements 105 each having an identical internal structure.
  • a horizontal extension of the Temperiervorriehtung 100 causes a higher current, since all elements of a layer are electrically connected in parallel.
  • a Temperlerelement layer 105 could be rotated by 180 °, so that not always the same doping at the top and the other doping is below.
  • the electrical connections 145, 150 are shown as i Fig. 1 attached . that they fit seamlessly into the VerMlungskal.
  • the number of layers of tempering elements 105 defines the range of the voltage drop across the heating element 100. If this would be too high for a given height of the heating element 100, the electrical shading can be interrupted by further electrical supply lines.
  • the radiator cutout from FIG. 1 can be exactly replicated and placed on top of the existing cutout.
  • the current flow can be described again as follows:
  • the current flows through a series of Peltier elements 135 of the same doping, in parallel connection, to the cooling water kana! 120 and via this to the row of differently doped elements 135, which are also connected in series are.
  • Each in adjacent electrical series circuit elements change the doping.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a temperature control device 200 according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the tempering device 200 has an almost identical construction to the tempering device 100 from FIG. 1, with the difference that each tempering element 1.05 has an external electrical connection 205 for bypassing the cooling medium channel 120.
  • each tempering element 1.05 has an external electrical connection 205 for bypassing the cooling medium channel 120.
  • only one of the electrical connections 205 is provided with a reference numeral.
  • the use of the electrical connections 205 is due to the fact that, as a rule, no purely organic coolants are used, but those in which a certain proportion of water is contained. As a result, the coolant becomes electrically conductive and, when used in a temperature control device according to FIG. 1, would be exposed to a voltage difference. This can be avoided by removing the coolant channel 120 from the flow cascade.
  • a nonconductor is applied in a thin layer on the coolant center tube 120, so that a heat transfer resistance is minimized.
  • a, preferably continuous, conductor layer is applied, the Kühimiielkanal 120 itself thus remains potential-free, but Rnuss but be bypassed by the separate conductor 205, as well as on the air side 125, 130 of the case.
  • the conductors 205 may also have a different embodiment than shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged detail of a structure of a cooling medium channel 120 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2. Shown is a section of the coolant channel 120 in a longitudinal sectional view, a gakani- see insulating layer 305 of an insulator is applied to thederoiitelkanaJ 120 so that an electrical voltage transmitted to a Ronrwand 310 electrical voltage can not be transferred to the coolant tube 120 by flowing ühifluicl. Via the galvanic insulating layer 305, a conductor layer 315 is applied from an electrical conductor.
  • the conductor layer 315 in turn has an electrical contact to a ⁇ bleiler 320, which tap the electric current here and the conductor layer 315 can be fed elsewhere so that the KühSfiuid is excluded from the electrical Stromfiuss, the tube wall 310 may be formed for example of aluminum be.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of an alternative embodiment of a temperature control device 400.
  • the temperature control device 4 ⁇ comprises a vertical stack of three temperature control belts 405, which have a construction deviating from the temperature control elements explained in connection with FIG.
  • a galvanic and thermal insulating layer 410 is located between the first heat conducting layer 10 and the second heating layer 125.
  • the galvanic and thermal insulating layer 410 may have an optional rib for the ribbing element 125 or the rib element 130.
  • the illustrated in connection with FIG. 1 galvanic Isölierlage deleted here.
  • the tempering element 405 has a further first heat conductor layer 415 that forms a base of the tempering element 405.
  • the first heat conductor layer 120 has the first electrical contact 145 and the further first heat conductor layer 415 has the second electrical contact 150.
  • the secondticianiage 125 each tempering 405 is connected via an electrical line 420 with the other second réelleleiteriage 130.
  • the insulating layer 410 on the other side now no longer acts only electrically insulating against low voltage, but also thermally insulating. Accordingly, a thickness of the Isofierlage 410 may be higher here.
  • the air sides 125, 130 adjacent layers on the lines 420 electrically interconnected with each other, as well as the cooling water sides 120, 415 adjacent layers are no longer directly, but also analogous to Luffseile also indirectly via separate conductors 425 electrically connected. This in turn takes place in such a way that two layers 120, 415 and 125, 130 which are electrically connected to one another have changing dopings of the Peltier stones 135 which are monotonously doped within a layer.
  • an absolute order i. a start and an end of a series connection with a certain doping (p or n), and a number of Peltiereiementen in each spatial direction in principle remains open. Also open is operation as a heat pump, wherein air is heated, or as an air conditioner, wherein air is cooled.
  • the respective functionality can be changed by repositioning.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an extended series electrical circuit 500 of temperature control devices 100, 200 or 400 according to FIGS. 1 to 4 in a horizontal direction.
  • the plurality of tempering devices 100, 200 or 400 is shown in simplified form. As shown in FIG. 5, the tempering devices 100 "200 or 400 are arranged in a plane one behind the other in a depth direction 510 indicated by an arrow. In accordance with structural conditions of the place of use, the arrangement 500 shown here can also be extended by v / eitere TemperiervOinchtitch 100, 200 or 400.
  • the individual temperature control devices 100, 200 or 400 are electrically connected to one another such that a current flow through the entire arrangement 500 takes place. can.
  • the electrical connections are not shown in FIG. 5.
  • Another arrow represents a ringing ring 520 of a sleeve side conductor, for example guided by the second and further second sleeve layers of the temperature control devices 100, 200 or 4 ⁇ . This can be, for example, air.
  • a further embodiment of a temperature control device may comprise a Peltier element having a plurality of Peltier elements which in turn comprise a plurality of Peltier elements Having Peltier element conductors.
  • a Peltier element having a plurality of Peltier elements which in turn comprise a plurality of Peltier elements Having Peltier element conductors.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of such a Peltier antenna 800. Shown is a horizontal arrangement of Peitier-Eemperent conductors 135. In each case, an n-doped Feltier-Eiement conductor and a p-doped Peitier- Eiemenf-Lelter are alternately in a level arranged. Adjacent arranged and differently doped Peltier-Eiement conductor 135 are each connected alternately via an electrical conductor 805 on a hot side and another electrical conductor 605 on a cold side. Interruptions 610 of the electrical conductors 805 are located on a hot soap or cold side opposite the respective electrical conductors. Above and below the layer of Peltier element conductors 136, an electrical insulator 615 is arranged in each case.
  • An embodiment of a temperature control device according to the invention can be constructed according to the principle of the temperature control devices 100, 200, 400 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, but the Peltier elements 800 are used.
  • the Peltier elements 800 are used.
  • contrast to the embodiments shown, 100, 200 400 Peitier- each element 600, a supply and discharge of electric current.
  • the Ausenseiungsbeilinger invention In contrast to the Ausuiungsbeilinger invention.
  • Peltier elements 600 are used, a current flow does not occur through the entire stack, and in particular not through the heat conductor layers, but only through the Peltier element layers.
  • the individual Peltier element layers can each be connected to paraSiel or serially.
  • each row of thermoelectric elements 800 may be simply used be treated as a single circle, if eg the fine structure of the Peliiermoduie 600 already causes a voltage drop of 12 V, which corresponds to the conventional functionality.
  • an n-type or p-type component or n-type or p-type Peltier-type conductor may have a voltage drop of 0.0625 V. With 16 blocks, this would result in 1 V for a Peltier element. If the radiator 12 has serially connected rows, a total of 12 V of voltage drop would be realized.
  • FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a surface layer, in particular a puser eggement layer 710, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Peltier element layer 710 has a plurality of Peltier elements 600.
  • the Peltier elements 600 may each be a - -
  • the individual Peltier elements 600 are each separated by a thermally insulated gap 712.
  • a heat flow direction is indicated by an arrow.
  • the tempering device has a stack of réelleleiteriagen, of which, for example, a Luitkanal is designated by the reference numeral 125 and Pelel Elemeni layers, of which one by way of example with the reference numeral 710 ⁇ is characterized on.
  • warmed air flows into the temperature control device 8O and cold air flows out of the temperature control device 800.
  • the Peitier-Eiemente are arranged, or, operated so that the Heilkanäie 125 are cooled.
  • Other denominationleiteriagen the Tempenervoriques 800 which can be flowed through, for example, a coolant, however, are heated.
  • FIG. 9 shows on the left a layer of the tempering device shown in FIG. 8 and on the right an exploded view of this layer, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Shown is a stapeiförmiger structure of a first sauvaiterlage 120 two second heat conductor layers 125 and two Peltier Elemeni layers 710, the Peitier-Eiement layers 710 are each disposed between the first heat conductor layer 120 and one of the second heat conductor layers 125.
  • the first heat conducting layer 120 is in the form of a flat coolant channel, through which a coolant 850 flows.
  • the Peltier element layers 710 may be formed as Peltier layers with electrical contacting and strong electrical insulation,
  • the Peltier element layer 710 can be a Peltier layer used in FIG. 9.
  • the Peitier element 800 has a base plate and a cover plate, between which a plurality of Peliier element conductors is arranged.
  • the arrangement of the Peitier-Efement-conductor can be carried out according to the arrangement shown in Fig. 8.
  • the integration plane can no longer be located in doped P and N blocks, but entire add-on elements can be used which have their own fine structure, i. P and N, have.
  • the fine structure can be composed of stones.
  • interconnected bricks for example vapor-deposited printed conductors or tissue can be used.
  • the erfindiingsdorfe approach can be used in a thermoelekirischen heating and air conditioning unit.
  • a moduiar constructed device is used to heat or cool the Kabinenluit, the heat absorption or heat dissipation via the low-temperature circuit of the vehicle, preferably electric vehicle.
  • thermoelekirischen IVlateriaiien profitable ' the basic design of the device is designed in the best possible heat transfers out.
  • thermoelectric materials which can produce the effect without moving parts and without refrigerant, are also suitable. An ideal condition would be if the cooling function of the cabin (summer mode) could be perceived by the same thermoelectric elements, since then the refrigeration cycle would be completely eliminated and the switching between heating and cooling would be accomplished by reversing the applied voltages without mechanical changes.
  • the inventive approach makes it possible to accomplish the function "Helzen the cabin” with a C ⁇ P> 1 (heat pump operation) and to dispense with the separate refrigeration cycle by electrical switching to cooling mode, the COP should not be inferior to the CQP of a refrigeration cycle in cooling mode.
  • thermoelectric An essential feature of a heating and air conditioning unit using the Peltier effect is a significantly increased heat transfer with the lowest possible temperature differences between the fluid and the thermally connected side of the thermoelectric elements. Since the efficiency of heat exchangers quickly reaches its limits, the solution remains to bring low driving temperature differences by greatly reducing the transferred heat flux density, the relationship between falling GOPs' at higher Temperaturfäfferenzen is significantly more pronounced in the thermoelectric than refrigeration circuits, since between warm and cold side of a Peltier element undesirable heat conduction takes place in natural choctikrl- tion.
  • thermo-Byzkir elements Reducing the power density can not simply reduce the energization of the thermo-Byzkir elements, since the COP would massively deteriorate here, so the elements remain as undesirable thermal bridges between the hot and the high sides.
  • the semiconductors used usually have thermal conductivities in the one-part range (W / m2K). Instead, the Peitier 1952 must be charged to be calculated or as a map to be deposited, optimal current and may take to reduce the power density only a small FSambaanteil their respective Einfaau area.
  • the heating and cooling body is designed so that the maximum COP can be as good as possible at one or more relevant operating points.
  • the peitier comprise With lower power requirements, ie reduced energization, the COP would worsen, the peitierieri increasingly act as natural ärmebrüeke. Therefore, after falling below a certain power level, individual layers are separated not only electrically, but also thermally from the air flow, e.g. Flaps close the entrance. This possibility can be realized for a certain number of single locations or even for several locations. A finer gradation improves the COP over the operating cycle, a coarser gradation reduces the cost of manufacturing.
  • 12 layers may be provided in a heating and cooling body. Of these, three layers each can be closed together on the air side in a total of 8 layers. It will thus 2 flaps needed.
  • the number of concurrently flowed layers may be as follows: 6 layers if two flaps are closed, 9 layers if one flap is closed and 12 layers if old flaps are open.
  • the component is to be dimensioned such that during the heat-up or cool-down, ie during heating and cooling, the required heating or cooling performance can be achieved independently of the COP achieved in these phases,
  • FIG. 11 shows a vertical projection of two adjacent Peltier element layers in a plane of view, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Shown is a front Peltiereiementlage, in Fig. 11, the upper layer, with a plurality of schematically illustrated Peltier elements 800. Of the plurality of Peltier elements 800 is provided for clarity, only one with a reference numeral 800. Furthermore, a rear Peltieriementlage is shown with a plurality of schematically illustrated Peltier elements 1600. The Peltier elements 1600 s nd shown by broken lines. Of the plurality of Peltier elements 1600, only one is again provided with a reference numeral 1800 for the sake of clarity.
  • the front Peltiereiementlage sixteen Peltier elements 600 and the rear Peltiereiementslage nine Peiiiereiemente 1600 on.
  • the Peltier elements 600 have a different arrangement on the front Peltieriementlage than the Peltier elements 1800 on the rear Peltiereiementlage. Shown is a staggered arrangement in which a row or column of Peltier elements 800 alternate with a row or column of Peltier elements 1600. In this case, the Peltier elements 800 have no overlapping areas with respect to the Peltier elements 1600.
  • the Peltier elements 600 and the Peltier elements 1600 each have the same size, the Peltier elements 600, 1600 can be identical.
  • Peltier elements 800, 1600 may have different sizes,
  • Peltier element layer has a homogeneous teniperai distribution.
  • peltier eggs 600, 1800 which represent heat sources or heat sinks, so-called hol spots and cold spots.
  • the planar arrangement and number of peltier eggs 600, 1600 and, additionally or alternatively, the element size of the pincer elements 600, 1600 may vary between two neighboring lattice elements. This can bring the advantage of reducing the formation of hot spots or cold spots by the heat sources or heat sinks, for example, on a Be . ribs, turbo-actuators or a fluid act, in the mental, vertical projection shown in Fig. 1 1, both Peltier element layers on a Giionsf laugh, increase in number and have smaller distances.
  • the Thetientbeisplele described are chosen only by way of example and can be combined.
  • a combination of the embodiments with Peltier element layers which are composed of individual Peltier-Eiement-Leitem are constructed with and the embodiments with Peltier element layers the Peltier E ements are possible.
  • the electrical shading of the Peltier element layers can in each case be adapted accordingly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément régulateur de température (105) pour un véhicule, qui comprend une première couche d'éléments à effet Peltier (110), une deuxième couche d'éléments à effet Peltier (115), une première couche de thermoconducteur (120) électriquement conductrice pour conduire un premier fluide thermoconducteur et une deuxième couche de thermoconducteur (125) électriquement conductrice pour conduire un deuxième fluide thermoconducteur, la première couche d'éléments à effet Peltier (110), la deuxième couche d'éléments à effet Peltier (115), la première couche de thermoconducteur (120) et la deuxième couche de thermoconducteur (125) étant disposées sous la forme d'une pile de sorte que la première couche de thermoconducteur (120) et/ou la deuxième couche de thermoconducteur (125) est disposée entre la première couche d'éléments à effet Peltier (110) et la deuxième couche d'éléments à effet Peltier (115), et un courant électrique conduit par la pile provoquant, en raison d'un effet Peltier, une régulation de la température de la première couche de thermoconducteur (120) et de la deuxième couche de thermoconducteur (125).
EP11712234A 2010-03-30 2011-03-30 Élément régulateur de température et dispositif régulateur de température pour un véhicule Withdrawn EP2552747A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010013467A DE102010013467A1 (de) 2010-03-30 2010-03-30 Temperierelement und Temperiervorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug
DE102010019794 2010-05-06
DE102010027470 2010-07-16
DE102010043620 2010-11-09
PCT/EP2011/054878 WO2011124509A1 (fr) 2010-03-30 2011-03-30 Élément régulateur de température et dispositif régulateur de température pour un véhicule

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EP2552747A1 true EP2552747A1 (fr) 2013-02-06

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US (1) US20130025295A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2552747A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6096656B2 (fr)
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JP2013524498A (ja) 2013-06-17
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US20130025295A1 (en) 2013-01-31
CN203246355U (zh) 2013-10-23

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