EP2551630B1 - Projectile de chasse en plusieurs parties à expansion partielle - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a two-part or multi-part jacketless mostly lead-free partial decomposition projectile for hunting and a one-piece in material, outer shape and weight equal sister bullet for sports practice shooting. A partial decomposition projectile includes a predetermined collapsible portion, a non-separable portion disposed behind in the direction of firing, namely, a tail or a residual pin, and a connecting portion connecting the bow and the stern. The collapsible section disassembles after firing from a weapon only upon impact and during or after penetration into a target body. The non-separable section then flows through the target body. The bullet can be inserted into conventional sleeves to form a cartridge.

In particular, when hunting, the selection of the projectiles, which are to be increasingly lead-free today, must be matched to the target range and the game species to be hunted. In addition to the more complex and expensive hunting ground, a simple and cheaper lead-free projectile is needed for practice shooting on the shooting range or in a shooting range, the same hunting style with the same sight setting and agreement in the target has no significant change in the hit result. Thus, the hunter can use his weapon for hunting and sporting practice shooting alike, without having to adjust or adjust the sighting device.

For hunting a lead-free projectile is needed, which has a stretched trajectory even at long firing ranges, for example in the pursuit of mountain hunting and in the game body shows a quick and reliable killing effect by controlled partial decomposition.

State of the art are lead-free jacketed bullets, which behave similarly as lead-containing jacketed bullets and bullets. Lead-free sheaths usually have one or more cores made of soft material such. As tin, for the most part of a thin jacket, the z. B. Tombak, steel or copper-nickel-plated material is enclosed. Sometimes it can also lead to unwanted deformations and undesirable tearing of the shell or even burst the bullet come. The consequences would be with too much deep game with stronger game with partially missing committees and / or an increased Wildpretzerstörung.

Full projectiles, mostly made of copper-zinc alloys, often have a blind hole drilled from the bullet nose point and an open or concealed hollow point. In addition, external break points, often as a groove or notch, attached. The rest of the bolt is formed only when parts of the projectile bows with sufficient back pressure on or tear. The mass and shape of the residual bolt are influenced by the nature of the projectile material, the shape of the projectile bow and the prevailing dynamic pressure when penetrating into the target body. The dynamic pressure in turn depends on the impact velocity of the projectile and the nature of the target medium. Known bullets often require high impact speeds to achieve the desired effect, or act as desired only in a predetermined speed window. In weak game (e.g., roe deer), the energy output of the projectile to the target body may be too low. In strong game (eg red deer, wild boar and large antelopes) often form different shapes and residual weights of the rest of the bolt, which no longer stable or not deep enough to flow through the target body and thus produce no reliable or too small a committee. The consequences would be longer escape routes, a later death of the game and too few game marks for the search of the injured animal. Extremely high impact velocities very often lead to the bursting of organs and to large bruises, which in turn can lead to a game devaluation (loss of meat).

The fragmentation quantity or the formation of a flag are also different in size and quantity. Sometimes a bullet can burst completely, tear off projectile flags or the remaining bolt or even the entire projectile can roll over in the target body.

To reduce the Einpresswiderstandes the copper-zinc alloyed solid or multi-part projectiles in the transition cone of the gun barrel and to reduce the friction when penetrating the trains and fields of the run are small or soft contact surfaces of the basements state of the art. These are designed as guide rails, relief grooves in the guide surface or by applying softer material over the bullet core.

The DE 25 35 704 A1 describes a cartridge for fist and shoulder weapons, consisting of a powder-filled and an igniter-containing cartridge case and a bullet inserted into this, wherein the projectile has an approximately cylindrical body with over this protruding tip and / or protruding edge and one on his Front located peripheral shoulder of relatively hard material such as iron, tombac or copper.

The DE 2 223 212 A1 discloses a projectile, in particular for hunting purposes, consisting of a arranged in a common shell front disassembling projectile part and a rear indecomposable Durchschlagkörper, characterized in that in the jacket between the front bullet and the rear projectile part designed as a predetermined breaking point annular or substantially annular notch is provided.

Of the DE 200 19 831 is a rotatable, extractable by compressed air projectile, which is formed of three main bodies, one of which is made of a hard material, such as steel, and has a pointed shape, while the two other body in the axial direction in the sequence of the body An axial spindle or a threaded pin are connected to each other, wherein the spindle protrudes from the rear part of the pointed hard body and wherein the fastening takes place by means of a nut which is screwed to the rear end of this spindle (threaded pin), which from the rear surface or base of the rear body, characterized in that the body which forms the tip of hard material is frusto-conical and rests on the second, preferably made of lead body via a seal which closes a chamber which in the axial direction in the second Body is recessed while the at the end of the spindle a A bolted mounting nut, with which the three bodies are fastened together, is covered with a lid acting part, which forms the end of the rear part of the rear plastic body.

The AT 264 322 shows a mantle projectile, consisting of a substantially cylindrical metal core and a surrounding tubular plastic jacket, characterized in that the plastic shell is closed at its front by a solid bullet point and at its rear by an inwardly flanged edge, and that the metal core towards the top of the projectile, by means of an annular rim of his front end surface on a shoulder and supported on the projectile end on the inwardly flanged edge of the plastic jacket.

Of the US 5,880,398 A. is a multipurpose ball removable, which consists of a thermoplastic body, a bottom cap and a pressed powder core. The bullet can serve either with a high firing rate to penetrate and destroy large amounts of human tissue or with a low firing rate merely to create a tissue shock.

The DE 102 57 590 A1 describes a rifle bullet for hunting purposes with a jacket made of a lead-free, soft-toughened material and a core connected to the shell of a material which is softer with respect to the jacket. The task is to improve such a rifle bullet so that it provides a sustainable Schnitthaar- and sweat formation at the bullet, fungus controlled fungus under significant cross-sectional enlargement, thereby only slightly disassembled and has a high residual weight (90% or more). The rifle bullet has a dünnmanteligen bullet head and has at the transition point of the shell from the bullet head to a much thick-walled rear part on the outside a strong sharpening edge. On the inside, the rifle bullet is equipped with a peripheral groove, which engages in the wall thickness of the jacket at this point and filled with the core material.

The DE 103 17 404 A1 discloses a shellless solid floor as a deformation or partial decomposition projectile with identical caliber and a sealed cavity in the projectile nose, in which to achieve the same Treffpunktlage the projectiles in the target point with the effect of each selected bullet in the same handling of the weapon, at the same setting on a target in identical Position, the outer volume, the center of gravity, the mass and the base alloy, a copper-zinc alloy are identical and that the cavity in the bullet, consisting of a combination of cylindrical and conical sections, and the composition of the bullet material on the effect of Bullet are matched.

US2008 / 0196616 discloses a subdivision projectile according to the preamble of claim 1.

The object of the invention is to provide a Teilzerlegungs-hunting projectile, which meets the requirements for cost-effective production and to a proper function.

This object is achieved in a multi-part partial separation projectile mentioned above in that the connecting portion is formed as a concentric compression cylinder with a smaller outer diameter than the bow and the tail and plugged into the bow and / or in the rear. According to the invention, therefore, a two-part or multi-part hunting projectile is proposed which is composed of a section which is front and forwards separable in the firing direction and / or a bow and a section or tail or residual bolt arranged in the firing direction behind it and not separable. The bow and stern are directly coupled to each other, so without the interposition of other essential components. The coupling takes place via the compression cylinder, which extends either in the bow or in the rear or in both and in at least one of them can be inserted or pressed. The invention therefore turns away from designing a projectile from a uniform or continuous jacket and a core enclosed by it. Rather, it pursues the principle of dividing the projectile transversely to its longitudinal direction and forming the two parts, namely the bow and the tail, coupled to each other. This makes it possible to adapt to all requirements, both the production and its use bullet, which can be produced both with largely conventional machines and shows in use the desired behavior of a partially disassembling and a residual bolt forming projectile. Because in particular by the dismantling in a bow on the one hand and in a tail on the other hand, these two components can give fundamentally different properties by a separate production and a different structure, so that both the bow and the tail optimally to its respective tasks and functions at launch , during the flight phase, when hitting, penetrating and flowing through an animal body can be adjusted.

The compression cylinder has essentially the task of connecting the bow and the tail with each other. For this he can be plugged into both the bow and in the rear. This results in a three-part hunting floor. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the compression cylinder is integrally formed on the bow and connected to the rear or integrally formed on the rear and connected to the bow. In the other part of the hunting projectile, with which he is not formed integrally, the compression cylinder can be inserted unchanged. The compression cylinder may be a round or angular or at least partially conical cylindrical body, with a fit to the bow or the Rear, in or he can be plugged or pressed, is formed. He can thus connect the bow and the rear non-positively and / or positively. The one-piece design with the bow or the tail results in a two-part projectile, the production cost is lower because one component has less to be mounted.

Also, the compression cylinder may not adversely affect the subsequent disassembly of the bow and the shape of the tail as a residual bolt after the impact of the projectile on the carcass. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can therefore be mounted between the compression cylinder and the bow or the rear of an annular circumferential groove which serves as a predetermined breaking point. The annular circumferential groove is conveniently located at the point at which a diameter jump between the outer diameter of the bow or the tail on the one hand and the compression cylinder on the other. The breaking point is thus so in that area in which the bow rests on the rear and thus in the plane of a separation or contact surface between the bow and the rear. If the compression cylinder breaks at the predetermined breaking point, the bow and the stern are separated from each other. Thus, if the compression cylinder is integrally formed with the bow, the annular groove is at the diameter jump between the bow and compression cylinder. Otherwise, serving as a predetermined breaking point annular groove between the compression cylinder and the rear. The annular groove thus ensures a reliable separation between the bow and stern after the impact of the projectile on the carcass, so that in any case the tail can flow through the animal body undisturbed by the compression cylinder as largely dimensionally stable, cylindrical rest body.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the compression cylinder is hollow. He thus has a tubular shape, which is very stable in the radial and axial directions, but supports the effect of the annular groove as a predetermined breaking point. The hollow or sleeve-shaped compression cylinder can thus be more easily separated from that projectile part, with which it is integrally formed.

A characteristic of the subdivision projectile is that its bow disassembles in a largely predetermined manner and controlled after hitting the animal body. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, therefore, the bow can have an open, partially concealed or completely concealed hollow point. An open hollow point can be from a front or the tip of the bow or from a back, namely its separation or contact surface, with the bow at the rear is present, introduced. A partially concealed or completely concealed hollow point can be introduced from a rear side into the bow, for example through a hole. Their diameter may be based on weight criteria for the bow and / or desired fragment size and / or splitter size. In any case, he also determines the stability of the bug and thus his behavior in the collision of the partial decomposition projectile on the carcass. The larger the diameter of the hole in the hollow point, the sooner or easier or at lower speeds, the bug breaks down when hitting or after entering the carcass.

Another decisive advantage of this invention is in particular that the predetermined shape and mass of the tail or residual bolt at impact speeds between 600 to 1000 m / sec. As little or as little as the size of the carcass, bow formation and splintering influence it.

For aerodynamic reasons, the bow has a rounded-conical, so-called ogive outer contour. It is common in long shots. A through hole or blind hole for forming a hollow point, however, regularly has a cylindrical inner contour. As a result, the bow may have a wall thickness increasing towards the rear, which consequently represents an increasing resistance on impact. It can adversely affect the desired decomposition result. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can therefore be mounted in the bow concentric blind holes of different diameters for the formation of at least a partially concealed or fully concealed hollow point. Although this can not achieve a uniform and constant wall thickness in the bow. But by a clever gradation of the diameter of the blind hole wall thicknesses can be achieved from a defined minimum to a maximum thickness. This can be used to ensure a breakdown of the bug on impact into predefined chips in size and number.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the bow may have grooves as predetermined breaking points. They may, for example, be mounted annularly and in each case preferably at a diameter jump between the different diameters of the blind bores, either inside or on an outside of the bow. Thus, they enhance the effect of blind holes with different diameters and support the predetermined disassembly of the bug.

In the same way, grooves may alternatively, additionally or exclusively extend in the axial or longitudinal direction of the bow. They too can be mounted on an outside of the bow and / or on an inside, namely in the hollow point. Their arrangement on an inner side of the bow, that is in the hollow tip, protects the grooves against contamination or clogging, so that they can serve reliably and largely unaffected by external influences as predetermined breaking points. Small external grooves are primarily used to detect a projectile variant.

If the compression cylinder attached to the rear and it is plugged into the bow, so he should deliberately and completely disassemble. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, therefore, at least one groove can be formed as a predetermined breaking point on the compression cylinder. Also, it can - as described above to the bow - run annular on an inner side of the hollow compression cylinder or on its outside. Alternatively and / or additionally, at least one axially extending groove can ensure reliable dismantling of the compression cylinder in the event of impact or intrusion.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the bow can be composed of several components, which consist of different materials. Conveniently, the components are composed of concentric conical, disc or annular bodies so that together they form the bow. The different materials are an additional or alternative way to break the bug into much the same or similar splinters. Interfaces between the different components and thus between the different materials can in turn serve as predetermined breaking points. With appropriate and appropriate training the compression cylinder can serve to hold together the different components of the bug also together and to connect them together with the rear.

After the impact of the projectile and the dismantling of the bow, the residual billet with its sharp-edged and shoulder-stable front surface, the former contact surface to the bow, should flow through the carcass largely directionally stable. The front surface of the rest of the bolt should deform as little as possible, but retain a streamlined sharp-edged edge. It ensures the smoothest possible cutting edge when penetrating into the carcass in the fur and then for the directional stability of the residual bolt when flowing through the carcass. After a Further advantageous embodiment of the invention can therefore be used between the bow and the rear of a separately arranged Kavitatorscheibe, which forms a stable front of the residual bolt. If the rear of the projectile is made of a softer material for manufacturing or weight reasons, it can be given a stable front by a cavitator disk made of a harder material. Thus, the front of the residual bolt remains even when hitting bones or similar. largely preserved, so that the rest of the bolt does not lose its flow properties.

To reduce the Einpresswiderstandes of the projectile in the transition cone and to reduce the friction when penetrating the projectile of the trains and fields of the barrel so-called. Guides can be mounted on the largest circumference or on the geometric jacket of the projectile. They define a small, but precisely dimensioned contact surface and ensure with low pressure increase good bullet guidance and sealing in the barrel, which is thereby spared and receives a longer service life.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the bullet can therefore have on the outside or on the geometric jacket of the stern between two guide belts an annular peripheral crimp. The Crimprille ensures next to a predetermined Geschossposition in a cartridge case (setting depth) after the squeezing of the sleeve material in the Crimprille for a firm Geschosssitz. The Crimprille can have a preferably inclined towards the bow groove bottom, which merges with a substantially rectangular step or a puncture by 90 ° in a subsequent guide belt. The step or the puncture provides a sleeve mouth with the same sleeve length a defined contact edge and causes the sleeve mouth can not be moved towards the bow or the bullet during loading or unloading, especially in the shooting of the cartridges from self-loading weapons not in the Sleeve mouth is pressed, but the setting depth always remains the same. This promotes a uniform shot development with high precision.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the projectile may have a tail with a compression cylinder formed on its front side, wherein the rear has a concentric and annularly extending around the compression cylinder notch in the front surface. The annular notch thus extends in the axial direction and interrupts the front surface of the stern. After the impact of the bullet on the carcass and a deliberate disassembly of the bow and the compression cylinder, the Notch lead to a uniform widening of the residual bolt. Because of the predetermined breaking points and the complete disassembly of the bow and the compression cylinder, the expansion takes place without a flagging and gives the rest of the bolt to its front surface a diameter larger than the caliber of the original bullet. The rest of the bolt thus receives a so-called caliber oversize when flowing through the carcass.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the bow and the tail can be formed of different materials. Thus, the bow and the tail can be optimally adapted to their different tasks, their different processing and their different purpose.

Figur 1:

ein Jagdgeschoss in einer Außenansicht,

Figur 2:

das Jagdgeschoss in einem Teillängsschnitt,

Figur 3 bis 8:

den Bug des Jagdgeschosses in 6 unterschiedlichen Ausführungsformen,

Figur 9:

das Heck mit einem daran angebrachten Stauchzylinder,

Figur 10:

eine Teilansicht der Figur 9,

Figur 11:

einen separaten Stauchzylinder,

Figuren 12 bis 14:

Ausführungsformen eines Hecks mit daran angeformten Stauchzylindern,

Figur 15:

Detailansichten des Hecks,

Figur 16:

den Geschossaufbau und seine Teilzerlegung,

Figuren 17bis 19:

einen Geschossaufbau mit Kavitatorscheibe,

Figuren 20, 21:

einen zweiteiligen Geschossaufbau ohne Kavitatorscheibe,

Figuren 22, 23:

einen dreiteiligen Geschossaufbau,

Figuren 24, 25:

ein Übungsgeschoss,

Figuren 26, 27

eine alternative Ausgestaltungsform eines Geschossen im zweiteiligen Aufbau.

The principle of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing by way of example. In the drawing show:

FIG. 1:

a hunting ground in an exterior view,

FIG. 2:

the hunting ground in a partial longitudinal section,

FIGS. 3 to 8:

the bow of the hunting bullet in 6 different embodiments,

FIG. 9:

the tail with an attached compression cylinder,

FIG. 10:

a partial view of FIG. 9 .

FIG. 11:

a separate compression cylinder,

FIGS. 12 to 14:

Embodiments of a rear with compression cylinders formed thereon,

FIG. 15:

Detail views of the stern,

FIG. 16:

the projectile structure and its partial decomposition,

Figures 17 to 19:

a bullet structure with cavitator disk,

Figures 20, 21:

a two-part projectile structure without cavitator disk,

Figures 22, 23:

a three-part projectile construction,

Figures 24, 25:

a practice floor,

FIGS. 26, 27

an alternative embodiment of a projectile in two-part construction.

FIG. 1 shows an exterior view of a projectile according to the invention 1, which is designed as a conventional long floor and which is divided by a rounded-conical or ogiven bow 2 and a behind in the weft direction rear 3. The bow 2 in turn is composed of a semi-pointed cone tip 22 and a substantially regularly shaped rounded truncated cone 23, which separates a ring groove 21 from each other, which extends annularly on an outer surface 20 and coaxial with a projectile longitudinal axis a.

The bow 2 and the tail 3 collide at a contact surface 29 whose plane of extension is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis a. This is followed at the rear of a largely cylindrical section 3, which is divided by six guide belts 8. The guide belts form those outer part or part of a geometric shell of the projectile 1, which is farthest from its longitudinal axis a. They represent bearing surfaces or contact surfaces of the projectile 1 with a gun barrel (not shown) and thus provide for a partial contact of the projectile 1, whereby the friction between it and the trains and fields of the gun barrel can be defined and possibly reduced.

A crimping pill 5 is located between the second and third guide belts 8 viewed in the weft direction from the front. The shell mouth of a cartridge casing (not shown) is crimped onto the projectile 1 and fixed by plastic deformation.

At the largely cylindrical portion 32 of the rear 3, a slightly tapered end 33 connects, which ends in a rear 34.

FIG. 2 shows by its partial sectional view of the more detailed structure of the projectile 1 according to the invention: thus, it consists of a tail 3, to which a compression cylinder 4 is integrally mounted. The compression cylinder 4 has a smaller outer diameter than the tail 3 and extends from a contact surface 29 seen in the weft direction forward. The largely cylindrical compression cylinder 4 is hollow by a conical inner bore 10. He thus forms a quasi tube that protrudes in one piece from the rear 3.

The outer diameter b of the compression cylinder 4 largely corresponds to a first inner diameter c of the hollow bow 2, which belongs to a multi-stage blind hole 24 in the bow 2. As a result, the bug 2 sits by fit on the compression cylinder 4 and is non-positively connected to the rear 3. Both on its outer surface and on its conical inner bore 10 of the compression cylinder 4 carries annular grooves 6, which are arranged approximately at half its longitudinal extent and also in the region of the contact surface 29, ie at the transition between the compression cylinder 4 and the rear 3. They form deeply cut grooves or scores and act as predetermined breaking points.

The blind hole 24 gives the bow 2 a hidden hollow point. It is composed of three diameters c, d, e which decrease in a direction from the contact surface 29 into the tip 22. At each diameter jump of the blind bore 24, ie at the transition of the inner diameter c to the inner diameter d and at the transition between the inner diameter d to the inner diameter e, annular grooves 7 are cut. The upper or front groove 7 on the inside of the bow 2 corresponds in its position with the annular groove 21 on the lateral surface 20 of the bow second

At the contact surface 29 between the bow 2 and the stern 3 is a stepped Kavitatorscheibenlager 9, in which a Kavitatorscheibe 13 is inserted.

The FIGS. 3 to 8 show embodiments for the bow 2 of a partial separation projectile according to the invention. The FIGS. 3 to 5 show a one-piece bug that FIGS. 6 to 8 a two-part bow 2. According to the embodiments FIGS. 3 to 5 are the blind hole 24 together, which tapers in three inner diameters c, d, e in the direction of the apex 22. At each diameter jump in the inner diameters c, d, e in each case a groove 7 is attached, wherein in each case the upper groove 7 with the annular groove 21st on the lateral surface 20 of each bug 2 corresponds. So far, the three embodiments of the differ FIGS. 3 to 5 Not.

FIG. 3 shows how FIG. 2 a concealed hollow point, because the blind hole 24, although the truncated cone 23, but not completely passes through the conical tip 22. The lateral surface 20 is thus according to the cone tip 22 FIG. 3 continuously.

In contrast, the blind hole 24 passes through in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 both the truncated cone 23 and the conical tip 22. This gives the bow 2 an open hollow point.

Deviating from this, in turn, the blind hole 24 extends in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 Although it penetrates into the apex 22, it does not penetrate completely. Rather, it projects from the truncated cone side facing the cone tip 22 to about two-thirds in it. Axially comes her a short blind hole 25 against the weft direction and with the same inner diameter e counter, but without connecting to the blind hole 24.

Comparable hollow tip principles also show the embodiments according to FIGS. 6 to 8 , In contrast to those of FIGS. 3 to 5 However, the local blind hole 24 has only two different inner diameter c and e. The bug 2 according to the embodiments of FIGS. 6 to 8 also carries no annular notch 21, which separates it into a visually perceptible cone tip and a truncated cone. He is still constructed in two parts from a nose tip 26 and a stub shaft 27, which consist of different materials. This allows the characteristics of the bug 2 to be specifically influenced during the impact.

FIG. 9 shows a rear 3 with an integrally formed thereon compression cylinder 4. The structure of the rear 3 corresponds substantially to that according to Figures 1 and 2 , In the view it can be seen that the compression cylinder 4 not only carries annular grooves 6 on its lateral surface, but also several perpendicular thereto and parallel to the longitudinal axis a extending grooves 41. Also they support as a predetermined breaking points targeted and controlled disassembly of the compression cylinder. 4

FIG. 10 clearly shows that the lower annular groove 6 in the compression cylinder 4 directly at or just above the contact surface 29 between the rear 3 and the not shown Bug 2 runs. It is slightly deeper cut than the upper groove 6 and thus forms another reliable breaking point between the compression cylinder 4 on the one hand and the rear 3 on the other.

Just above the lower groove 6, an annular bead 42 extends around the compression cylinder 4 around. It forms a bulge for locking the compression cylinder 4 in the blind hole 24 of the bow 2 (see. FIGS. 3 to 8 ). This creates a particularly stable bond between the bow 2 and the tail 3 on the compression cylinder 4 as its connecting element.

In the FIGS. 9 and 10 the compression cylinder 4 is shown formed integrally with the rear 3. Alternatively, according to FIG. 11 a compression cylinder 40 from a largely cylindrical bow holder 43 and a likewise cylindrical or possibly slightly conical rear holder 44 also serve as a separate connection part between a otherwise unchanged bow 2 and a rear 3. In a separate embodiment of the compression cylinder 40, the associated rear 3 also has a blind hole into which the rear holder 44 fits (not shown). This results in a three-part sub-decomposition projectile of a bow 2, a tail 3 and a separate compression cylinder 4. Despite the slightly higher assembly costs, this construction may be advantageous if the different components 2, 3, 4 different materials should be selected.

The FIGS. 12, 13, 14 show different embodiments of a tail 3 with molded compression cylinder 4 according to the principle of FIGS. 1, 2 and 9, 10 , Common to them is the outer shape of the tail 3, which is composed of a cylindrical portion 32 and a tapered end 33. Above in front of the contact surface 29 rises or closes the compression cylinder 4 in one piece to the rear 3. In all embodiments of the FIGS. 12, 13, 14 he has a largely cylindrical outer contour, carries both outside and inside annular grooves 6 as predetermined breaking points and is hollow 10 due to a conical inner bore. Deviating from the FIGS. 13 and 14 has the embodiment according to FIG. 12 In addition, a Kavitatorscheibenlager 9. It represents an annular gradation of the contact surface 29, which has a larger inner diameter than the outer diameter of the compression cylinder 4. With an inserted Kavitatorscheibe 13 (see. FIG. 2 ) results in a continuous flat surface as the contact surface 29th

The embodiment according to FIG. 14 Due to its longer axial extent it carries two additional concentric annular grooves 6, one on the outside and one on the inside of the compression cylinder 4. He acts with a Bug 2 together, as in the embodiments according to the FIGS. 6, 7, 8 is shown because it requires a longer blind hole 24 with the inner diameter c in the bow 2.

FIGS. 15a, 15b illustrates the structure of the cylindrical portion 32 of the rear 3 and the design of the Crimprille 5. The cylindrical portion 32 extends from the first to the last guide belt 8 and has no flat lateral surface, but by the arrangement of guide belts 8 and the intermediate Crimprille 5 wavy shaped. Each guide belt 8 consists of a cylindrical and annular, to the longitudinal axis a (see. FIG. 1 Concentric guide belt surface 80. In the longitudinal direction in front and behind, each guide belt surface 80 is adjoined in each case by a guide belt bevel 81 which is inclined in opposite directions. Each guide band slope 81 thus has a maximum diameter which corresponds to that of the guide band surface 80, and a minimum diameter, which is followed by an annular and likewise cylindrical guide band base 82. The sequence of several guide belts 8 therefore results in a corrugated outer surface of the otherwise cylindrical portion 32. The four lower guide belts 8 of the projectile 1 have a spacing of 1.4 mm. As seen on the fourth guide belt 8 from the end 33, the crimper 5 is connected to a further guide belt bottom instead. It has a width of about 1.3 mm and is not cylindrical, but conical, whereby it tapers towards the bow 2. Thus, it forms the next guide belt 8 a recess 11, which is formed as a nearly right-angled step in the otherwise almost undulating outer surface of the cylindrical portion 32. This is followed by a guide band again, which has a slightly shortened guide band slope 83 and a wider guide belt surface 84 and a greater distance to the last bow-side guide belt 8 occupies.

The step-shaped recess 11 is a contact edge for the sleeve mouth of a filled with a propellant charge cartridge case. It prevents the sleeve mouth can be moved after crimping with the projectile in the Crimprille 5 in the direction of the bow 2 and the projectile during the loading or Unloading is pressed in particular in the shooting of the cartridge from self-loading weapons in the case mouth and the setting depth always remains the same. This promotes a uniform shot development with high precision.

FIG. 16 shows in an order from top to bottom, the two components of the inventive partial separation hunting projectile 1 with the bow 2 and the rear 3 with an integral compression cylinder 4 according to Figures 1 and 2 , Underneath, the assembled projectile 1 can be seen, as it is inserted into a cartridge case or leaves the barrel after a launch. Below this is shown a schematic state of the projectile 1 after the impact, after which the tail 3 largely unchanged as a residual bolt flows through an animal body, while the former bow 2 has split into the splitter A and the former upsetting cylinder 4 in the splinter B. The predetermined breaking points in the bow 2, namely the grooves 7 and 21, as well as in the upsetting cylinder 4, namely the grooves 6, lead to a targeted and uniform disassembly of the bow 2 and the upsetting cylinder 4 in a largely defined splitter. The reliable separation of the bow 2 and the upsetting cylinder 4 from the rear 3 ensures its undisturbed through-flow path inside the carcass, which is not disturbed by the otherwise known partial separation projectiles flags.

For the directionally stable trajectory of the tail 3 so a reliable disassembly of the bow 2 and the compression cylinder 4 is of great importance. Therefore, the predetermined breaking points, the grooves 6 and 7 within the projectile, namely on the inside of the bow 2 and wrapped by him on the compression cylinder 4 are attached. There they can not accidentally get infected by pollution and thus lose their function. Only the ring notch 21 is subject to this danger, but due to the small size or depth of the notch 21 is negligible.

FIGS. 17, 18, 19 show a bullet with Kavitatorscheibe 13. All three embodiments have a rear 3, the one according to FIG. 12 equivalent. The embodiments according to FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 otherwise differ by the fact that the bow 2 according to FIG. 17 an open hollow tip, the bow 2 according to FIG. 18 has a concealed hollow point. Incidentally, illustrate the FIGS. 17, 18, 19 the position and mounting of the Kavitatorscheibe 13, which is arranged in the region of the contact surface 29 between the bow 2 and the rear 3 in the local Kavitatorscheibenlager 9. The Kavitatorscheibe 13 has, as already explained above, a larger inner diameter than the outer diameter of the compression cylinder 4. Therefore, it can be during assembly of the projectile 1 on the Thread the compression cylinder 4 quasi and insert into the disk bearing 9. It fills the step-shaped disc bearing 9 completely from or on and forms together with the contact surface 29 a plane.

The FIGS. 20, 21 show a comparable projectile 1, but without Kavitatorscheibe. Incidentally, the construction is identical to that of the embodiments FIGS. 18, 19 , The mode of action of this construction shows and describes FIG. 16 ,

The FIGS. 22 and 23 show a three-part hunting ground 1, the rear 3 comparable to that of the FIG. 14 and its bug, as in FIG. 6 dargestell, is formed. Since the nose 2 consists of a nose tip 26 and a stub stub 27 made separately therefrom, the stuffer cylinder 4 is shaped longer and penetrates the stub stump 27 completely and extends even into the nose 26 of the nose. Thus, he holds the components 26, 27 of the bow 2 also together and connects them to the tail 3. In the assembled state, the upper annular grooves 6 correspond with a separation surface between the nose cone 26 and the stub shaft 27. Thus, the operation of the upper annular grooves 6 ensured as predetermined breaking points, since the two-part Bug 2 under load breaks down into its nose tip 26 and its stub 27.

The FIGS. 24, 25 show a view and a sectional view of a training projectile, which is integrally formed and corresponds in shape and weight of that of the multi-part hunting projectile 1. To distinguish it from the hunting floor 1, the practice floor according to FIGS. 24, 25 no notch 21 in the bow. From its top, it is also traversed by a simple blind hole 28, which extends the entire bow 2 to the first third of the stern 3.

Figures 26, 27 show a further embodiment of a hunting projectile 1. Compared with the embodiment according to Figures 1 and 2 it shows a modified design of the guide belts 8: similar to the Crimprille 5 according to FIGS. 15a, 15b is also the respective guide belt ground 85 between the guide belts 8 in the direction of the bow 2 inclined.

The ogive outer surface of the bow 2 continues beyond it until it reaches a first section 31 of the stern 3. From him a compression cylinder 50 projects in the direction of weft from the front, which is penetrated by a largely cylindrical blind hole 51. there the blind bore 51 not only passes through the compression cylinder 50 but also extends into the tail 3 until the first third. On the input side, the blind hole 51 has a conical widening 52. Concentric with the compression cylinder 50 and with a larger diameter than its outer diameter, a ring notch 53 is disposed in the contact surface 29, which is the lower annular groove 6 (see. FIGS. 9, 10 ) replaced as a predetermined breaking point between the compression cylinder 50 and the rear 3. However, it not only serves as a predetermined breaking point for the separation of the compression cylinder 50 from the rear 3, but at the same time to a widening or mushrooming on the front of the rear 3 beyond its original caliber diameter addition. As a result, the inventive partial separation hunting bullet 1 in the carcass receives a larger cross section at the rear 3 and produces a larger rejection in the carcass.

According to the invention, therefore, a two- or multi-piece hunting bullet ( Fig. 1, 2 ) proposed, which is composed of a bow (2) and a tail (3), which are coupled directly to each other, ie without the interposition of other components. In addition, a one-piece sports floor (Fig. 26, 27) is given, which resembles the hunting ground in outer shape and weight and therefore can serve for training purposes.

The non-jacketed subdivision projectile for hunting exercise has a prefabricated as a residual bolt bullet tail (3), the invention has a round or square or at least partially conical hollow compression cylinder (4) with predetermined breaking points (5) as a solid base connecting element. The projectile tail (3) and the one- or multi-part projectile (2) are non-positively and / or positively connected via the compression cylinder (4).

In order to overcome the air resistance, an aerodynamic projectile shape is fundamentally desired. By contrast, when flowing through the carcass, a shoulder-stable, sharp-edged bullet body (residual bolt) is required. The aerodynamic shape is mainly used by the projectile bow (2). But it is only necessary until it hits the target body. In particular, in the hunting of cloven-hoofed animals and predators after the penetration of the carcass of the projectile bows (2) already from an impact speed of 600 m / sec sure predetermined shatter and the preformed sharp-edged restraint shoulder stable directional flow through the game body and produce a committee. The tailstock serves as a residual bolt (3). It is preformed from the outset. It does not depend on the compression pressure as a function of speed.

• aerodynamische Geschossform bei unterschiedlicher Bug- (2) und Heck-(3)-ausformung
• geringe Toleranzen bei der zerspanenden oder umformenden Herstellung
• vorgeformter Restbolzen (3) mit erfindungsmäßigen Stauchzylinder (4) zur Verbindung mit dem Geschossbug (2). Der Stauchzylinder (4) kann einstückig am Geschossheck (3) (vgl. z.B. Fig. 12 bis 14, 16 bis 25), am Geschossbug (2) oder vollkommen separat (vgl. Fig. 11) ausgebildet sein.
• unterschiedliche Ausformung in Dicke und Länge des Stauchzylinders (4), vgl. Fig. 11 bis 14
• einteiliger (vgl. Fig. 3 bis 5) oder mehrteiliger Geschossbug (2), vgl. Figuren 6 bis 8, 24, 25, mehrteiliger Geschossbug (2) ggf. auch in unterschiedlichem Material
• unterschiedliche Ausformung des Geschoßbugs (2) nach Lage und Anzahl der innenliegenden Sollbruchstellen (7) und der Ausbildung der Hohlspitze, vgl. Figuren 3 bis 8 (die innen liegenden Sollbruchstellen (7) können nicht z.B. durch eingeklemmte Partikel verschmutzen, wodurch auch Beschädigungen des Laufs vermieden werden)
• Geschossheck (3) und Geschossbug (2) können aus unterschiedlichen Materialen gefertigt werden, vgl. Fig. 2
• Geringe Anlagefläche auf langer Führfläche, definiert durch z.B. Führbänder (8), zur Verringerung des Einpresswiderstands und der Reibung im Lauf
• Spezielle Anordnung der Führbänder (8) vgl. Fig. 15, angepasst an kurze Geschossräume im Hülsenhals
• Speziell Ausformung einer Crimpfläche (5), vgl. Fig. 15, die bedarfsweise (z.B. bei kupferhaltigem Material der Hülse) am Geschoss angebracht wird
• Einsatz einer bzw. Aufnahme für eine Kavitatorscheibe (13), um eine scharfkantige schulterstabile Front des Restbolzens (3) auch bei im Übrigen ggf. weicherem Material zu bieten.

The Demand Hunt bullet requirement:

• Aerodynamic projectile shape with different bow (2) and tail (3) formation
• low tolerances in machining or forming production
• Preformed residual pin (3) with inventive compression cylinder (4) for connection to the projectile bow (2). The compression cylinder (4) may be integral with the bullet tail (3) (see, eg Fig. 12 to 14 . 16 to 25 ), on the projectile bow (2) or completely separately (cf. Fig. 11 ) be formed.
• different shape in thickness and length of the compression cylinder (4), cf. Fig. 11 to 14
• one-piece (cf. Fig. 3 to 5 ) or multi-part projectile bow (2), cf. FIGS. 6 to 8 . 24, 25 , multi-part bullet (2) possibly also in different material
• different shape of the projectile bow (2) according to location and number of internal predetermined breaking points (7) and the formation of the hollow point, cf. FIGS. 3 to 8 (The internal predetermined breaking points (7) can not be contaminated, for example, by trapped particles, which also prevents damage to the barrel)
• Hatchback (3) and projectile bow (2) can be made of different materials, cf. Fig. 2
• Low contact surface on a long guide surface, defined by eg guide belts (8), to reduce the press-in resistance and the friction in the barrel
• Special arrangement of the guide belts (8) cf. Fig. 15 , adapted to short bullet spaces in the sleeve neck
• Especially shaping of a crimping surface (5), cf. Fig. 15 , which is attached as needed (eg copper-containing material of the sleeve) on the floor
• Use of a or recording for a Kavitatorscheibe (13) to provide a sharp-edged shoulder-stable front of the residual bolt (3) even if otherwise softer material, moreover.

• Einteiliges Geschoss aus gleichem Material wie das Jagdgeschoss, um die Schussleistung der Laufes nicht nachteilig zu beeinflussen
• aerodynamische Geschossform
• Identisch zum Jagdgeschoss in Außenform und Gewicht
• geringe Toleranzen bei der zerspanenden oder umformenden Herstellung
• preiswerte Herstellung
• bei entsprechendem Geschossfang entsteht kein gesundheitsschädlicher Metallstaub und mit Schwermetall kontaminierter Sondermüll
• nach dem Auftreffen im Geschossfang kann das Restmaterial des zerlegten Übungsgeschosses leicht von Auffangmaterial getrennt und zum Recycling genutzt werden

The requirement for the Partial Disassembly Exercise Bullet:

• One-piece bullet made of the same material as the hunting bullet, so as not to adversely affect the shooting performance of the barrel
• aerodynamic projectile shape
• Identical to the hunting bullet in outer form and weight
• low tolerances in machining or forming production
• inexpensive production
• with appropriate bullet trap no harmful metal dust and special waste contaminated with heavy metal arises
• After striking the bullet trap, the remaining material of the disassembled training projectile can be easily separated from the collection material and used for recycling

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show the projectile in a view and a partial sectional view. Examples of a projectile bow (one or more parts) with different predetermined breaking points (7) and with concealed or open hollow point show the FIGS. 3 to 5 and FIGS. 6, 7, 8 , Show examples of a bullet tail with compression cylinder (4) with and without Kavitatorscheibenlager (9) FIGS. 9 and 10 and with compression cylinder (4) for insertion in bow (2) and tail (3) shows Fig. 11 ,

The compression cylinder (4) includes a conical inner bore (10) and on the inner or outer side in the axial and coaxial direction fracture grooves or grooves (6), which promote a safe chipping. In addition, an arcuate recess for engaging the counterpart. The compression cylinder (4) may be fixedly connected to the tail (3) or fixed to the bow (2) of the projectile or as a separate connecting element, as in Fig. 11 be represented, manufactured (see. FIGS. 12, 13, 14 )

An example of a guide band assembly with Crimprille: The FIG. 15 shows the shape of the bullet edge for a solid bullet seat in the sleeve neck. In this case, five guide belts (8) and a crimping roller (5) with a 90 ° recess (11) are arranged coaxially to the projectile edge according to the distances shown on a distance of 8 mm. Depending on the setting depth of the projectile four or five of a total of six guide bands (8) on the inside of the sleeve neck are. The crimp prevents an undesirable change in the depth of insertion of the projectile through the fixed abutment of the sleeve mouth in the crimper.

An example of a bullet construction and partial decomposition shows Fig. 16 with A) as splinters from the projectile bows (2) and B) as splinters from the upsetting cylinder (4). An example of a multi-part bullet structure (with and without Kavitatorscheibe (13)) show FIGS. 17, 18 and 19 , An example of a two-part bullet structure is shown in FIG FIGS. 20 and 21 , An example of a three-part projectile structure (without Kavitatorscheibe) show the FIGS. 22 and 23 , An example of a practice bullet with one-piece bullet structure show the FIGS. 24 and 25 , The practice level is equal to the hunting level in the outer shape and in the weight. To distinguish between the practice floor missing the score in the bullet.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

bullet

2

bow

3

Rear

4

upsetting cylinders

5

cannelure

6

annular groove

7

groove

8th

transfer belt

9

Kavitatorscheibenlager

10

conical inner bore

11

puncture

13

Kavitatorscheibe

20

lateral surface

21

ring groove

22

apex

23

truncated cone

24

Blind hole

25

short blind hole

26

prow

27

Bugstumpf

28

Blind hole

29

contact area

32

cylindrical section

33

The End

34

back

40

upsetting cylinders

41

vertical groove

42

bead

43

Bughalter

44

Heck holder

50

upsetting cylinders

51

cylindrical inner bore

52

widening

53

ring groove

80

Transfer belt surface

81

Transfer belt incline

82

Lead tape base

83

Transfer belt incline

84

Transfer belt surface

85

Lead tape base

a

longitudinal axis

b

outer diameter

c, d, e

Inner diameter

A

Sliver of the bug

B

Splitter of the compression cylinder

Claims (12)

1. A multi-component expanding fragmenting bullet,

   - having a designated fragmenting section or nose (2),

   - having a non fragmenting section or tail (3) disposed behind it in the direction of shooting,

   - having a connecting section (4) which connects the nose (2) and the tail (3) together,

   - having a concentric compression cylinder (4) as the connecting section, with an external diameter which is smaller than the nose (2) and the tail (3), which can be pushed into or pressed into the nose (2) and/or into the tail (3),

   characterized by an annular circumferential groove (6) between the compression cylinder (4) and the nose (2) or the tail (3) as a predetermined breaking point.
2. The bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the compression cylinder (4) is formed as one piece on the nose (2) and can be connected with the tail (3).
3. The bullet according to claims 1 to 3, characterized by a hollow compression cylinder (4).
4. The bullet according to claim 4, characterized by a groove (6) in the compression cylinder (4) as the predetermined breaking point.
5. The bullet according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by an open or (at least) (partially) covered hollow point (22) in the nose (2).
6. The bullet according to claim 6, characterized by a concentric blind hole (24) with a variety of diameters (c, d, e) in order to form a hollow point in the nose (2).
7. The bullet according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by at least one predetermined breaking point (7) in the nose (2).
8. The bullet according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the nose (2) is composed of a plurality of components (22; 23) which consist of different materials.
9. The bullet according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a separate cavitation disk (13) disposed between the nose (2) and the tail (3).
10. The bullet according to any one of the preceding claims, having guide bands (8), characterized by an annular circumferential cannelure (5) on an outer surface of the tail (3) between two guide bands (8).
11. The bullet according to any one of claims 2 to 11, having a tail (3) with a compression cylinder (4) formed on a front face (29) of the tail (3), characterized by a concentric and annular notch (53) passing around the compression cylinder (4) in the front face (19).
12. The bullet according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nose (2) and the tail (3) are formed from different materials.

Images