EP1570228B1 - Rifle bullet for hunting purposes - Google Patents

Abstract

Rifle bullet for hunting purposes, with a jacket of a lead-free soft ductile material and a core, connected to the jacket, made from a material softer than the jacket. The aim of the invention is to improve the bullet to provide a persistent cut of hair and bleeding at the point of entry, mushrooming in a controlled manner with considerable cross-sectional enlargement, whilst only marginally breaking up with a high residual weight (90% and more). The rifle bullet has a thinly-jacketed bullet tip and has a marked sharp edge at the transition point of the jacket on the bullet tip to a substantially thicker-jacketed tail section. The rifle bullet is internally provided with a circumferential channel reducing the wall thickness of the jacket at said point, filled with the core material.

Description

The present invention relates to a rifle bullet for hunting purposes with a jacket made of a lead-free, soft-tough material and a core connected to the shell of a material which is softer than the jacket.

Modern rifle bullets must meet various hunting requirements. The most important of these requirements is the accuracy of aim, ie, the precision of the shot from different hunting weapons. Furthermore, the game should be killed quickly and without much agony. For this purpose, a good width and depth effect of the projectile in the game body is required. To meet this requirement, the bullet in the game must increase its cross-section and at the same time lose little mass by its decomposition. Another requirement for modern rifle projectiles is a cutting hair and sweat at the bullet, to facilitate a possible search even without waste. Since the shot often closes very quickly due to the elasticity of the coat, the skin and the underlying fat layer, a rejection of perspiration is desirable even with unfavorable angles of attack.

These requirements come very close to the company Brenneke GmbH D-30851 Langenhagen, attributed and known under the trade names TUG (torpedo universal projectile) and TIG (Torpedo Ideal projectile) rifle bullets. These projectiles are partial jacket bullets with a shell made of nickel-plated mild steel, which positively receives two lead cores, a front, softer lead core and a rear, harder lead core. These bullets got their name because of their torpedo tail shaped soil. This bottom mold has inside ballistic advantages. The dual core construction of the above mentioned Brenneke rifle projectiles ensures optimal energy release in the target with safe width and depth effect. This is due to the rapid deformation of the front, soft Lead core, which is slowed down by the rear, harder lead core in conjunction with the increasing strength of the shell shell and a constriction in the rear area. In the game body, these bullets partially disassemble. Nevertheless, the rear, hard lead core in most cases leads to the desired rejects.

Characteristic for the TIG and TUG projectiles is a trained in the area of the bullet head Scharfrand, which provides cut hair and sweat in most cases at the junction.

Another part-shell projectile with two-part core is described in EP 0 225 532 A1. The rear core is made of lead and is partially surrounded by an inner sheath. It is held together with the inner shell by a radial depression of the outer shell of the latter. The rear core is made of lead, with the front core in addition to lead also made of a lead-free material such. As zinc, tin and copper can exist, to prevent contamination of venison by lead. About the material of the outer jacket nothing is said. The bond between the cores and the outer sheath or inner sheath is realized by positive locking. The bullet is further characterized by a hollow tip, which is intended to accelerate mushrooming.

When hitting a target, the tip initially expands radially outwards and then folds backwards. The front region of the rear lead core is strongly compressed, whereby the core expands radially together with the inner shell radially. This creates a frictional connection between the rear core, the inner shell and the outer shell. The rear core thus remains firmly connected to the mushroomed outer jacket. In the Aufpilzung of the outer shell, the radial indentation forms a barrier to further Aufpilzung due to an increased resistance moment.

This rifle bullet has no Scharfrand, so it delivers neither cut hair nor sweat at the joint. Furthermore, this projectile decomposes at least partially by detachment of the front core in the game body, so that its mass is reduced and a committee, at least in unfavorable fit of the shot is not guaranteed.

In DE 38 40 165 A1, which forms a basis for the preamble of claim 1, a lead-free gun bullet is described. This is also a partial jacket floor. The coat is made of tombak or mild steel. It can be closed at the back, ie at the bottom or as a pipe socket on the bullet core. The connection between the shell and bullet core is made by a cohesive connection, z. B. by soldering or by introducing a bead in the outer shell, which is pressed into the bullet core. The front edge of the shell projects radially beyond the projectile core and can be designed as a sharp edge.

The object of the invention is to provide a rifle bullet for hunting purposes with lead core and partial sheath, which provides a sustained cutting hair and sweat formation on the bullet, in the game body controlled under significant cross-sectional enlargement mushrooms, only slightly disassembled and a high residual weight (90% and more).

This object is achieved with a gun bullet, having the features of claim 1.

When hitting a game body, the hollow point causes a rapid initiation of the deformation of the gun bullet at the projectile nose beginning. In the process, the groove engaging inside the wall thickness of the shell in the area of the shear edge acts as a shock absorber in which it dampens the strong axial impact resulting from its impact on the animal, so that the projectile tip does not rupture abruptly but controlled mushrooms. In this case, all projectile projectiles roll substantially uniformly, wherein the bullet core also ruptures due to the cohesive connection with the bullet jacket. The bullet core dissolves, unlike conventional rifle bullets, so essentially not from the mantle, so that the bullet in the game remains essentially preserved. A maximum of 10% of the projectile dissolve as splinters.

Since the projectile flags roll up substantially uniformly, ie the projectile deforms substantially uniformly in the target medium, it prevents the direction in the game body from being incalculable.

Since the bullet mass is essentially preserved, the bullet has a high depth effect in the game body and it is always expected in normal-sitting shots with a Committee.

The transition from the projectile nose to the shear rim is substantially rectangular at rifle bullets, i. very sharp-edged. At this point, there is always the risk of breaking off the rolling bullets, which results in the prior art that the sharp edge is always formed only relatively weak. Due to the groove provided in the projectile according to the invention in the region of the edge of the scraper and its already described shock absorber effect, the scraper edge can be more pronounced in the projectile according to the invention than is possible according to the prior art. The rifle bullet according to the invention therefore produces circular holes on the connection, which as a rule prevent closure of the bullet and ensure sufficient cutting hair production.

Through the possible use of a lead-free bismuth alloy, which has approximately the same specific gravity as lead, as a bullet core, a completely lead-free rifle bullet can be produced without the optimum projectile length To leave bullet weight of each caliber area.

In a further embodiment of the invention, a circumferential Crimprille is provided in the central region of the jacket of the rear part. This serves to work hardening of the already strong in comparison with the prior art coat. This training, together with the cohesive connection between the shell and core, that a mushrooming of the projectile on the Crimprille also can not be done. To this effect contributes to the continuous increase in the shell thickness in the area between the sharp edge and the Crimprille.

In a further embodiment of the gun bullet whose outer diameter in the region between the bottom and the crimp groove train caliber, while its outer diameter in the area between the crimp and the Scharfrand slightly tapered so that the sharp edge does not enter into the trains of a rifle barrel when firing shot. Despite this design, the cylindrical portion of the bullet between the ground and the crimping pillar serving as a bullet guide member has sufficient length and at the same time prevents the bullet edge from being damaged when passing the barrel.

In a further development of the invention, the bottom of the projectile is designed particularly thick walls. Its strength is significantly greater than the wall thickness of the already thick-walled bullet jacket in the rear area. This thick-walled projectile floor is intended to prevent or reduce negative effects of the propellant gases forming on the projectile core during the formation of a shot and support dimensional stability in the guide part of the projectile in the target medium.

It is advantageous for the internal ballistics, if the gun bullet has a conical bottom, as is known from the TIG and TUG projectiles described above.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment. The single figure of the accompanying drawing shows a gun bullet in a side view, the right half of the drawing is shown in section.

The rifle bullet 1 according to the invention is designed as a partial jacket floor. It has a sheath 2 of Tombak and a core 3 made of lead. Instead of lead, a lead-free bismuth alloy can also be used if a lead-free bullet is desired.

The gun bullet 1 is subdivided for the purposes of the following explanations in a bullet head 4 and in a rear part 5, wherein the projectile head 4 between the bullet tip 6 and a sharp edge 7 and the rear part 5 is formed between this sharp edge 7 and the floor 8. The projectile tip 6 is designed as a hollow point.

The mantle 2 of the gun bullet 1 begins at the bullet tip 6 very thin-walled and increases to the sharp edge 7 in strength. The wall thickness a is at the projectile nose 6 about 0.2 - 0.3 mm and adjacent to the Scharfrand the wall thickness b is about 0.7 - 0.9 mm, depending on the caliber diameter. The projectile head 4 tapers concave towards the hollow tip 6.

At the lower end of the projectile head 4, the rifle bullet 1 passes over in a sharp edge 7 in the rear part 5. From this transition point, the wall thickness of the shell 2 increases continuously, up to a crimp 9, which is pressed circumferentially approximately in the central region of the rear part 5. At the edge of this crimp 9, the wall thickness c of the shell 2 is about 1.8 mm. Towards the bottom 8, the wall thickness behind the crimped groove 9 decreases again for manufacturing reasons. The bottom 8 itself is designed very thick walls. He has at its thickest point a wall thickness d of about 3 mm and, as in the TIG and TUG projectiles torpedo-shaped to improve the internal ballistics even more.

At the transition point from the projectile head 4 to the rear part 5 a circumferential, rounded in cross-section groove 10 is provided on the inside of the shell 2, which is filled with the core material. The groove 10 acts at this point when hitting the gun bullet 1 on a game body as a shock absorber, which will be explained in more detail below. The shock absorbing groove 10 allows the sharp edge 7 to be particularly strong, i. form with relatively large radial extent. Its projection from the foot of the projectile tip 4 is about 0.5 mm.

The projectile core 3 is permanently mechanically connected to the jacket 2, in which these two components are soldered together. The purpose of a tin alloy 11, which is introduced in the manufacture of the gun bullet 1 before the beginning of the drawing process between the lead core 3 and the Tombakmantel 2 in paste form. The material connection between bullet core 3 and mantle 2 is then carried out by a heat treatment of the gun bullet. 1

Due to the described structural design of the gun bullet 1 is achieved that its deformation is initiated when hitting a game body from the projectile nose 6 ago, in which the projectile casing 2 to the sharpening edge 7, with harder target media such. B. bone, maximum tears up to the crimp 9, wherein the projectile core 3 is also torn by the mechanically permanent connection with the projectile casing 2. In this case, all projectile projectiles roll relatively evenly, without essentially breaking down fragments. This Aufpilzung results in an up to 2.7-fold cross-sectional enlargement of the gun bullet. Overall, less than 10% of the original weight of the gun bullet 1 tend to hit a target medium for fragmentation. The rifle bullet therefore has a very large residual weight in the game body, so that despite the cross-sectional enlargement usually always expected to be a committee. The pronounced Scharfrand 7 ensures not only a Schnitthaarbildung for a lasting sweat on the Anschuss.

Claims (6)

1. Rifle bullet for hunting-purposes, with a jacket (2) made of a lead-free ductile material such as, for example, tombac, copper or brass, and with a core (3) connected to the jacket (2) by adhesive force and made of a softer material than that of the jacket (2), such as, for example, lead, a lead/tin alloy or a lead-free bismuth alloy, characterised in that the rifle bullet (1) has a thin-jacketed bullet head (4), and at the transition-point of the jacket (2) from the bullet head (4) to an appreciably thick-jacketed tail part (5) there are arranged, on the outside, a strongly pronounced sharp edge (7) and, on the inside, a circumferential groove (10) intruding upon the wall thickness of the jacket (2) at this point and filled out with the material of the core.
2. Rifle bullet according to Claim 1, characterised in that in the central region of the thick-jacketed tail part (5) a circumferential cannelure (9) is provided in the jacket (2) on the outside.
3. Rifle bullet according to Claim 1 or Claim 2; characterised in that the wall thickness of the jacket (2) increases continuously in the region between the groove (10) and the cannelure (9).
4. Rifle bullet according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that its outside diameter in the region between the base (8) and the cannelure (9) corresponds to the groove diameter and diminishes slightly in the region between the cannelure (9) and the sharp edge (7), so that the sharp edge (7) cannot enter the rifling of a shotgun barrel.
5. Rifle bullet according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the wall thickness of the base (8) is appreciably greater than the wall thickness of the jacket (2) in the tail part (5).
6. Rifle bullet according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the base (8) is of conical construction.

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