EP2546705B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spiralfeders für Uhren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spiralfeders für Uhren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2546705B1 EP2546705B1 EP12175239.8A EP12175239A EP2546705B1 EP 2546705 B1 EP2546705 B1 EP 2546705B1 EP 12175239 A EP12175239 A EP 12175239A EP 2546705 B1 EP2546705 B1 EP 2546705B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- balance
- spring
- spiral
- function
- eslog
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
- G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
- G04B17/066—Manufacture of the spiral spring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/22—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of temperature
- G04B17/222—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of temperature with balances
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of mechanical watchmaking. It relates, more particularly, to a method of manufacturing a spiral of a clock-adjusting member, comprising particular steps for determining the spiral geometry.
- spiral geometry we define the shape of the spiral, particularly the shape of its turns in the plane of the spiral.
- the center of gravity of a spiral coincides with its geometric center.
- the spirals used in watchmaking have only one portion of Archimedean spiral, the latter adjoining, in the center, a central curve ending in a ferrule and, on the outside, an external curve presenting different profiles.
- the turns of a planar hairspring deform eccentrically when the hairspring is working, because the center of gravity of the hairspring does not initially correspond to the center of rotation of the hairspring and / or because of the displacement. center of gravity during expansions / contractions of the hairspring. This eccentricity disrupts the balance-balance and makes the latter anisochrone.
- the first solution is to modify an initial spiral plan in a spiral extending in several planes.
- This solution including the document EP 2 017 681 A1 proposes an example, does not fall within the scope of the present invention which is only concerned with plane spirals.
- the second solution is to stiffen a portion of turn determined by giving it the shape of an angle. This angle is located either on the outer turn or on a central turn.
- the idea of having a stiffening portion on the outer turn has been incorporated in the document EP1473604 which proposes a stiffened portion ending before the outer end of the hairspring.
- this document proposes a hairspring in which there is a sufficient gap between the last turn and the penultimate turn, so that the penultimate coil remains free radially during expansions of the hairspring. This document also explains how the shape of this stiffening portion is modeled and determined.
- the present invention aims to improve the isochronism of a sprung balance of the type proposed above.
- the invention proposes a method of manufacturing a regulating device as defined in appended claim 1, particular embodiments being defined in the dependent claims 2 to 5.
- the present invention proposes a totally different and innovative approach for determining a geometry of a hairspring making it possible to coincide the geometric center of a spiral and its center of gravity, especially during its expansions.
- the dotted curve 1 shows the evolution of the radius of a conventional hairspring as a function of the angle ⁇ of the hairspring, from the shell.
- the hairspring does not start with a zero radius, because of its attachment to the shell.
- This characteristic point constituted by the attachment to the shell is represented by the letter A.
- the point A is also applicable for a hairspring having an integrated ferrule, the point A being then, more precisely, the connection point. between the spiral part and the ferrule.
- the spiral part which ends at point B, which is the point of the penultimate turn located opposite the peak.
- the stud is the fastener of the outer turn of the spiral.
- this spiral part stops for an angle ⁇ max - 2 ⁇ , thus leaving a lap complete at the last turn.
- ⁇ max defines the angle of the spiral, at the peak.
- the radial position of the point B is determined so that, during the maximum expansion of the hairspring, the penultimate turn does not come to touch the peak.
- the radial position of the point B is thus defined by the position and the geometry of the peak.
- the rays of the third part of the curve, which ends in C are also defined by the position and geometry of the pin and that of the balance, the point C defining the point of attachment of the spiral.
- the points A, B and C are fixed by the position and the geometry of the members and fastening elements of the spiral, in general, the ferrule and the stud.
- the curve has two breaks, separating the three parts which are therefore discontinuous, in the mathematical sense of the term.
- the representative curve of the function must pass through the points A, B, C determined by the geometry of the regulating organ and by the practical contingencies of the attachment of the spiral.
- two other points D and E are determined on the curve.
- they may correspond, respectively, to the point of break between the first and the second part and in the middle of the hairspring. The radius and initial position of these two points are likely to vary.
- the elastic behavior of the spiral obtained is simulated and the displacement of the center of gravity of the spiral relative to its geometric center, during expansions and contractions, is examined. Pivot reaction forces are simultaneously examined to reduce them.
- a polynomial of degree 4 already makes it possible to obtain a satisfactory curve, that is to say with a center of gravity of the spiral very close to the center of rotation of the spiral, including during the expansions. Polynomials of higher degrees can also be envisaged.
- the determination of the polynomial coefficients can be optimized.
- the determination of the coefficients is done while respecting the ratio hs / es> F, with F being between 1 and 10.
- h is the height of the hairspring, that is to say the dimension orthogonal to the plane of the spiral and e and the thickness, that is to say the smallest dimension in the plane of the spiral.
- the determination of the coefficients can also be done respecting the following pitch / thickness ratio: R ⁇ + 2 ⁇ - R ⁇ e ⁇ > ⁇ where R ( ⁇ ) is the radius, e the thickness of the spiral with ⁇ [-] the minimum radius-thickness ratio, between 1 and 5 (limits included).
- This approach makes it possible to characterize the whole length of a hairspring, while guaranteeing continuity, that is to say without breaking between different functions.
- This approach makes it possible to make any type of shape or profile defined by a polynomial function.
- a variant of the method according to the invention proposes, for determining the thickness of the spiral, to multiply the function inverse to the function of the radius by an exponential function.
- the displacement of the center of gravity is then calculated numerically, typically by finite elements.
- the reduction of this displacement makes it possible to reduce the reaction force at the pivot.
- An experimental design or an optimization is used to best reduce the displacements of the center of gravity and / or the variations of the reaction force to the pivot.
- the figure 3a shows the spiral obtained in top view
- the figure 3b shows the thickness curves for the es and eslog curves as given above
- the figure 3c represents the ratio not / thickness
- the figure 3d represents the inner and outer radii as a function of ⁇ , always optimizing on the basis of the equations given above.
- the figures 5 , 6 and 7 give comparative curves between a hairspring of the state of the art and the hairspring as defined in the first example given.
- the figure 5 represents the isochronism (in s / d) as a function of the amplitude of a spiral balance, between 150 and 330 °.
- Curve 50 corresponds to a spiral obtained according to the method of the invention and curve 52 corresponds to a spiral of the state of the art.
- the figure 6 represents the resultant force at the pivot (in N).
- the curves 60 and 61 correspond to the spiral obtained according to the method of the invention, respectively in expansion and contraction
- the curves 62 and 63 correspond to the spiral of the state of the art, respectively in expansion and contraction.
- the visible breaks with the spiral of the state of the art represent the contact with the pins. It can be seen that, because of the behavior of the hairspring, the resultant force at the pivot is less for the hairspring according to the invention.
- the figure 7 represents the displacement (in mm) of the center of gravity as a function of the amplitude of the sprung balance.
- the curves 70 and 71 correspond to the spiral obtained according to the method of the invention, respectively in expansion and contraction
- the curves 72 and 73 correspond to the spiral of the state of the art, respectively in expansion and contraction.
- the visible breaks with the spiral of the state of the art represent the contact with the pins. It is noted that, because of the behavior of the spiral, the center of gravity position is very stable as a function of the amplitude, that is to say that the center of gravity moves very little.
- the spiral geometry can preferably be made by deep etching techniques, which can achieve any geometry.
- the spiral may be made of silicon or other elastic materials suitable for manufacture by deep etching, LIGA or other cutting means.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Complex Calculations (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Claims (5)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Spirale eines Uhrenregulierorgans, umfassend die folgenden Schritte:- Bestimmen der Geometrie der Spirale,- Herstellen der Spirale mit der derart bestimmten Geometrie,und dass es darin besteht, die Koeffizienten der polynominalen Funktion und der zweiten Funktion durch Berechnungen und Simulationen zu optimieren durch Berechnen der Verlagerung des Schwerkraftzentrums der erhaltenen Spirale und durch Minorieren dieser Verlagerung und/oder durch Berechnen der Reaktionskraft an der Spiralrolle der erhaltenen Spirale und durch Minorieren der Schwankungen dieser Reaktionskraft.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Bestimmens der Geometrie der Spirale darin besteht, mindestens eine kontinuierliche polynominale Funktion festzulegen, welche die gesamte Länge der Spirale kennzeichnet, deren repräsentative Kurve durch mindestens drei Punkte verläuft, die von der Position und der Geometrie der Befestigungsorgane der Spirale bestimmt sind, wobei die drei Punkte sind:- der Punkt, der von der Befestigung der Spirale an einer Spiralrolle bestimmt ist,- der Punkt der vorletzten Windung, der bestimmt ist, sich gegenüber einem Spiralklötzchen zu befinden,- der Punkt der letzten Windung, die bestimmt ist, an dem Spiralklötzchen befestigt zu sein,
wobei die polynominale Funktion eine Funktion ist, die den Radius der Spirale kennzeichnet und die sich wie folgt ausdrückt:mit Rs[m] Spiralradiusθ [rad] Winkel der Spirale ab der Spiralrolleα [-] Polynominalkoeffizientund dass es ferner darin besteht, eine zweite Funktion zu bestimmen, welche die Dicke der Spirale es über ihre gesamte Länge definiert, wobei die zweite Funktion ist: - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Berechnungen und Simulationen digital erfolgen.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bestimmung der Koeffizienten der polynominalen Funktion und der zweiten Funktion unter Beachtung des Verhältnisses hs/es>F mit F zwischen 1 und 10 inklusive erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bestimmung der Koeffizienten der polynominalen Funktion und der zweiten Funktion unter Beachtung des Verhältnisses Steigung/Dicke erfolgt:
mit α [-] als Verhältnis Radius-Mindestdicke zwischen 1 und 5 inklusive, Klemmen inbegriffen. - Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Koeffizienten durch Iteration und Modellierung berechnet werden.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH01178/11A CH705234B1 (fr) | 2011-07-14 | 2011-07-14 | Méthode de fabrication d'un spiral. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2546705A1 EP2546705A1 (de) | 2013-01-16 |
EP2546705B1 true EP2546705B1 (de) | 2017-09-06 |
Family
ID=46395547
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12175239.8A Active EP2546705B1 (de) | 2011-07-14 | 2012-07-06 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spiralfeders für Uhren |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2546705B1 (de) |
CH (1) | CH705234B1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3181940B2 (de) | 2015-12-18 | 2023-07-05 | CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement | Herstellungsverfahren einer spiralfeder mit einer vorbestimmten steifigkeit durch lokalisierte wegnahme von material |
EP4372479A1 (de) * | 2022-11-18 | 2024-05-22 | Richemont International S.A. | Verfahren zur herstellung von uhrenspiralfedern |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3154912A (en) * | 1963-01-22 | 1964-11-03 | Pinkas David | Means for mounting and regulating the outer end of a spiral spring |
EP1473604A1 (de) * | 2003-04-29 | 2004-11-03 | Patek Philippe S.A. | Unruh und fläche Spiralfeder für Uhrwerk |
EP1515200A1 (de) * | 2003-09-10 | 2005-03-16 | Patek Philippe S.A. | Spiralfeder für Uhren |
DE102009048733A1 (de) * | 2009-10-08 | 2011-04-14 | Konrad Damasko | Spiralfeder für mechanische Schwingungssysteme von Uhren |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE526689A (de) | ||||
CH327796A (fr) | 1954-02-22 | 1958-02-15 | Horlogerie Suisse S A Asuag | Spiral plat |
EP2017681A1 (de) * | 2007-07-19 | 2009-01-21 | Noriah SA | Breguet-Spiralfeder für Uhr und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
-
2011
- 2011-07-14 CH CH01178/11A patent/CH705234B1/fr unknown
-
2012
- 2012-07-06 EP EP12175239.8A patent/EP2546705B1/de active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3154912A (en) * | 1963-01-22 | 1964-11-03 | Pinkas David | Means for mounting and regulating the outer end of a spiral spring |
EP1473604A1 (de) * | 2003-04-29 | 2004-11-03 | Patek Philippe S.A. | Unruh und fläche Spiralfeder für Uhrwerk |
EP1515200A1 (de) * | 2003-09-10 | 2005-03-16 | Patek Philippe S.A. | Spiralfeder für Uhren |
DE102009048733A1 (de) * | 2009-10-08 | 2011-04-14 | Konrad Damasko | Spiralfeder für mechanische Schwingungssysteme von Uhren |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PERUCCHI M N: "Problèmes concernant le spiral, rôle de petites déformations", 19660101; 19660000, 1 January 1966 (1966-01-01), pages 344 - 347, XP001219046 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH705234B1 (fr) | 2017-10-13 |
CH705234A1 (fr) | 2013-01-15 |
EP2546705A1 (de) | 2013-01-16 |
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