EP2138912B1 - Spiralfeder für Uhrwerk mit konzentrischer Entwicklung - Google Patents

Spiralfeder für Uhrwerk mit konzentrischer Entwicklung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2138912B1
EP2138912B1 EP20080011404 EP08011404A EP2138912B1 EP 2138912 B1 EP2138912 B1 EP 2138912B1 EP 20080011404 EP20080011404 EP 20080011404 EP 08011404 A EP08011404 A EP 08011404A EP 2138912 B1 EP2138912 B1 EP 2138912B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
terminal
balance spring
peripheral
point
curves
Prior art date
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Not-in-force
Application number
EP20080011404
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2138912A8 (de
EP2138912A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Belot
Franck Orny
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Belot Michel
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Belot Michel
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Publication date
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Priority to EP20080011404 priority Critical patent/EP2138912B1/de
Publication of EP2138912A1 publication Critical patent/EP2138912A1/de
Publication of EP2138912A8 publication Critical patent/EP2138912A8/de
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Publication of EP2138912B1 publication Critical patent/EP2138912B1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/066—Manufacture of the spiral spring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a clockwork hairspring, that is to say a spiral-shaped spring intended to be mounted on the shaft of a beam to form with the latter the regulating member of a movement of mechanical watchmaking.
  • a known problem of the usual spirals is that they deform eccentrically relative to the balance shaft during their oscillations in the movement, which makes the regulating organ anisochronous and therefore impairs the accuracy of operation of the movement.
  • Breguet spirals as described in traditional timepieces
  • flat spirals with variable rigidity as described in the Swiss patent CH 327 796
  • the Breguet spirals comprise a spiral flat central part and an end curve which emerges from the plane of the central part in order to reduce the center of gravity of the spiral to the geometric axis of rotation of the balance. These spirals have the disadvantage of a large footprint in height.
  • the flat spirals with variable rigidity are located in a single plane and comprise one or more stiffened turn portions by folding or by material supply, or are made monolithically by micro-fabrication techniques such as DRIE (ion etching) processes. deep reactive) or LIGA (X-ray lithography, electroplating, forming) so as to have a variable coil thickness. Folding operations or supply of material are difficult to achieve and imprecise. Micro-manufacturing techniques require great know-how and are expensive to implement.
  • the present invention aims to provide a flat watch winder whose turns are deformed concentrically during its oscillations and is easy to manufacture.
  • a hairspring for a watch movement comprising a flat central part comprising turns and extending from an inner point to an external point and means for maintaining the concentric turns during the oscillations of the hairspring in the movement, characterized in that said means comprise at least first and second flexible end circumferential curves located in the plane of the central portion and extending disjointly from the outer point to one or more respective end points.
  • each terminal peripheral curve deforms during oscillations of the spiral so as to move the outer point.
  • the terminal peripheral curves are blades or portion of the blade that terminate the hairspring, or the end points being intended to be rigidly connected to a frame of the movement.
  • the hairspring according to the invention can be manufactured according to traditional methods and in a material. It does not require to vary its blade section in a particular manner, as in the prior art.
  • first and second terminal peripheral curves extend to respective separate endpoints.
  • the first and second terminal peripheral curves may each have a general shape in an arc.
  • At least one of the first and second terminal peripheral curves comprises a bend at its end joined to the outer point to prevent this end peripheral curve is touched by another part of the spiral during the expansions of the latter.
  • the first end peripheral curve is in the extension of the central portion.
  • the first end peripheral curve is in one piece with the central portion and the second end peripheral curve is an insert attached by one of its ends to the outer point.
  • the second terminal peripheral curve may extend in a direction opposite to that of the first terminal peripheral curve, or in the same direction.
  • the first end peripheral curve may be in an arc and the second end peripheral curve may consist of a bend at its end joined to the outer point and a main portion in an arc of a circle between the bend and the end point of the second terminal peripheral curve.
  • first and second terminal peripheral curves are in the general form of circular arcs having the same center and the same radius and extend in two opposite directions from the outer point.
  • the central portion and the first and second terminal peripheral curves preferably each have a constant section over their entire length.
  • the central portion and the first and second terminal peripheral curves may have the same section.
  • the present invention also provides a clockwork comprising a frame, a rocker shaft pivotally mounted in the frame and a spiral te! that defined above mounted on the balance shaft by means of a ferrule, the said point (s) terminal (s) (terminals) of the spiral being fixed (s) to the frame.
  • center of the spiral its geometric center, consisting of the center of the landmark in which is defined the spiral in the rest position.
  • the numerical values that will be given will correspond to the state of rest of the spiral.
  • the radii of curvature of the blades or portions of the blade will be measured on the neutral fiber thereof.
  • the hairspring 1 in a mechanical clockwork movement, has its inner end which is fixed to the periphery of a shell 2 mounted on the shaft 3 of a rocker 4 and its outer end which is fixed to a fixed part of movement, typically the rooster 5, via a peg 6, the center of the hairspring being located on the geometric axis 3a of rotation of the balance.
  • the balance shaft 3 is of course not free to move in the radial plane because its pivots 7 rotate in bearings 8 respectively formed in the plate 9 and the cock 5 of the movement.
  • the bearings 8 exert reaction forces on the pivots 7 of the balance shaft 3, forces that hold the balance shaft 3 and therefore the center of the balance spring 1. C This is why in practice a spiral deforms eccentrically during its oscillations.
  • the present invention provides a flat hairspring comprising a central spiral portion extending from an inner point to an outer point.
  • the inner point is a junction point to a ferrule for mounting the spring on a balance shaft in a frame typically formed by the plate and the cock of the movement or by a tourbillon cage, the balance spring and the balance constituting the body movement regulator.
  • the outer point is a junction point between the central portion and a movable fastener.
  • the movable attachment member is shaped to allow the outer point to move relative to the frame in a manner that substantially corresponds to the reciprocal of the displacement that would undergo the center of the spiral if the center was free in the radial plane and if the outer point was fixed in relation to the frame, in other words in a manner that cancels the reaction forces exerted by the bearings on the pivots of the balance shaft, so that the latter is only subjected to a pure couple.
  • the figures 2 , 5 , 8 and 11 show four different embodiments of the spiral according to the invention.
  • the spiral central part is designated by the reference sign 10, the inner point by the reference sign 11, the outer point by the reference sign 12, the mobile fastening member by the reference sign 13 and the center of the spiral by the reference sign O, this center also constituting the center of a geometric reference (O, x, y) fixed relative to the frame and being located on the geometric axis of rotation of the balance and of the ferrule.
  • the central spiral portion 10 is the same in these four embodiments. It has a classical Archimedean spiral shape, made by winding a blade. In the rest position, the inner point 11 and the outer point 12 are on the axis (O, x).
  • the movable attachment member 13 consists of two flexible terminal peripheral curves 14, 15. These terminal peripheral curves 14, 15 both start from the external point 12 and extend without touching each other until at respective end points 16, 17 separated from each other. Each end peripheral curve 14, 15 is a blade or blade portion that terminates the hairspring.
  • the end points 16, 17 are attachment points intended to be fixed to the frame, for example by means of respective pitons, as for the outer end of a traditional hairspring.
  • the terminal peripheral curves 14, 15 deform during the oscillations of the balance-sprung regulator member so as to move the outer point 12 as indicated above to allow the turns of the central portion 10 to remain concentric. These concentric deformations of the turns are shown in figures 3 and 4 for the first embodiment, figures 6 and 7 for the second embodiment, to figures 9 and 10 for the third embodiment and to figures 12 and 13 for the fourth embodiment, in which the hairspring has been shown in states of expansion and contraction.
  • the terminal peripheral curves 14, 15, designated here more particularly by the reference signs 14a, 15a are each generally arcuate in shape, have different radii of curvature and centers of curvature, and extend in two opposite directions from the outer point 12 to the respective end points 16, 17, designated here more particularly by the reference signs 16a, 17a.
  • the central portion 10 and the terminal peripheral curves 14a, 15a all have the same section, which remains constant over their entire length.
  • the first end peripheral curve 14a is a blade or blade portion located in the extension of the last turn of the central portion 10, and is preferably made in one piece with the central portion 10.
  • the first terminal peripheral curve 14a has the shape of an arc of circle along its entire length.
  • the second end peripheral curve 15a is constituted by a blade whose end 18a opposite the end point 17a is bent and fixed by welding, gluing or other suitable method to the outer point 12 of the central portion 10.
  • the bend defined by the end 18a has an arcuate shape of small radius. It removes the second terminal peripheral curve 15a from the last turn of the central portion 10 to prevent them from touching during expansions of the hairspring.
  • the main portion 19a of the second terminal peripheral curve 15a, extending from the elbow 18a to the end point 17a, has an arcuate shape of greater radius. This radius as well as the radius of the first end peripheral curve 14a are chosen sufficiently large to avoid any contact between the last turn of the central portion 10, the first end peripheral curve 14a and the second terminal peripheral curve 15a during the expansions of the hairspring.
  • the two terminal peripheral curves 14, 15, designated here more particularly by the markers 14b, 15b are each generally arcuate in shape, have different radii of curvature and centers of curvature, and extend in the same direction from the outer point 12 to the respective end points 16, 17 , designated here more particularly by the marks 16b, 17b.
  • the central portion 10 has a constant section.
  • the terminal peripheral curves 14b, 15b have the same constant section, which is different, in this case greater, than the section of the central portion 10.
  • the difference in section (which is here a difference in thickness) between the curves 14b 15b and the central portion 10 is not visible in the drawings.
  • the first end peripheral curve 14b is a blade located in the extension of the last turn of the central portion 10, and whose end other than the end point 16b is fixed by welding, gluing or other suitable method at the outer point 12.
  • first end peripheral curve 14b is in an arc along its entire length.
  • the second end peripheral curve 15b is located outside the first end peripheral curve 14b and is constituted by a blade whose end 18b other than the end point 17b is bent and fixed by welding, gluing or other suitable method to the point 12.
  • the elbow that defines the end 18b is in a small radius arc. It moves the second terminal peripheral curve 15b away from the first end peripheral curve 14b to prevent these two curves from touching during expansions of the hairspring.
  • the main portion 19b of the second terminal peripheral curve 15b extending from the elbow 18b to the end point 17b, has a shape of a circular arc of greater radius. This radius and the radius of the first end peripheral curve 14b are chosen sufficiently large to avoid any contact between the last turn of the central portion 10, the first end peripheral curve 14b and the second terminal peripheral curve 15b during the expansions of the hairspring.
  • the two end peripheral curves 14, 15, designated here more particularly by the marks 14c, 15c are each generally in the shape of an arc of a circle, have the same radius of curvature and the same center of curvature, and extend in two opposite directions from the outer point 12 to the respective end points 16, 17, designated here more particularly by the marks 16c, 17c.
  • the central portion 10 and the terminal peripheral curves 14c, 15c have the same constant section.
  • the terminal peripheral curves 14c, 15c are two blades whose end 18c, 19c opposite the end point 16c, 17c is bent and fixed by welding, gluing or other suitable method to the outer point 12 of the central portion 10.
  • the elbows that define the ends 18c, 19c are each arcuate circle of small radius.
  • elbows move the terminal peripheral curves 14c, 15c away from the central portion 10 to prevent the last turn of the central portion 10 from touching the terminal peripheral curves 14c, 15c during expansions of the hairspring.
  • the main part 20c, 21c of each end peripheral curve 14c, 15c, extending from the bend 18c, 19c to the end point 16c, 17c, is in a circular arc of greater radius. This radius is chosen large enough to prevent the last turn of the central portion 10 touches the terminal peripheral curves 14c, 15c during expansions of the spiral.
  • the fourth embodiment ( figure 11 ) is identical to the third embodiment with the difference that the terminal peripheral curves 14, 15, designated here more particularly by the marks 14d, 15d, have a radius curvature smaller than the curves 14c, 15c and the same constant section that is smaller than the section of the central portion 10.
  • the section difference (which here is a difference in thickness) between the curves 14d, 15d and the part Central 10 is not visible in the drawings.
  • the terminal peripheral curves 14c, 15c, respectively 14d, 15d could consist of a single continuous peripheral blade from the end point 16c, respectively 16d, to the end point 17c, 17d, and the zone of the outer point 12 of the central portion 10 could be bent radially outward to be fixed by welding, gluing or other suitable method to the peripheral blade.
  • this blade portion device corresponding to the space between the end points 16c and 17c would be maintained in a pin fixed to the frame, thus defining two fitting points corresponding to the end points 16c and 17c.
  • the coefficients c ⁇ , c x , c y depend on the coefficients a ji , b ij and are calculated from the equations indicated above.
  • the X 0 - X * dl E * l at 22 ⁇ 0
  • the X 0 - X * Y 0 - Y * dl E * l at 33 ⁇ 0
  • the X 0 - X 2 * dl E * l where L is the length of the first end peripheral curve
  • this last displacement can be represented by a line segment, in other words the component ⁇ y c can be considered as proportional to the component ⁇ x c .
  • the terminal peripheral curves 14, 15 may be circular arcs, as in the embodiments described above and shown in the figures.
  • the rays and angular expanses of these arcs of circle already bring four degrees of freedom. An infinity of solutions exist in this particular case too.
  • the results obtained with the spiral according to the invention in terms of concentricity are at least comparable to those obtained with a Breguet spiral or a spiral as described in the patent application.
  • EP 1 473 604 The hairspring according to the invention has the advantage of being simple to manufacture. It can indeed be achieved using traditional techniques such as rolling, welding, etc. and in one or more traditional materials such as steel. Moreover, since an infinite number of pairs of terminal peripheral curves may be suitable, the choice may be made according to the space available or other criteria relating to the arrangement of the components of the movement.
  • the central portion of the hairspring can form with the ferrule two separate parts assembled to one another by gluing, welding or other suitable method at the inner point, or a single piece.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Spiralfeder für ein Uhrwerk, die einen mittleren ebenen Abschnitt (10), der Windungen umfasst und sich von einem inneren Punkt (11) zu einem äußeren Punkt (12) erstreckt, und Mittel (13) umfasst, die das Festhalten der konzentrischen Windungen während der Schwingungen der Spiralfeder im Uhrwerk ermöglichen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel mindestens eine erste und eine zweite biegsame Endumfangsbiegung (14, 15) umfassen, die sich in der Ebene des mittleren Abschnitts (10) befinden und sich auf getrennte Weise vom äußeren Punkt (12) bis zu einem oder entsprechenden Endpunkt/en (16, 17) erstrecken.
  2. Spiralfeder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und die zweite Endumfangsbiegung (14, 15) sich bis zu getrennten entsprechenden Endpunkten (16, 17) erstrecken.
  3. Spiralfeder nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und die zweite Endumfangsbiegung (14, 15) jeweils die allgemeine Form eines Kreisbogens aufweisen.
  4. Spiralfeder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine (15a; 15b; 14c, 15c; 14d, 15d) der ersten und zweiten Endumfangsbiegung (14, 15) an ihrem mit dem äußeren Punkt (12) verbundenen Ende einen Knick (18a; 18b; 18c, 19c; 18d, 19d) aufweist, um zu verhindern, dass diese Endumfangsbiegung während der Ausdehnungen der Spiralfeder durch einen anderen Abschnitt dieser letzteren berührt wird.
  5. Spiralfeder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Endumfangsbiegung (14a; 14b) sich in der Verlängerung des mittleren Abschnitts (10) befindet.
  6. Spiralfeder nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Endumfangsbiegung (14a; 14b) einteilig mit dem mittleren Abschnitt (10) ist und dass die zweite Endumfangsbiegung (15a; 15b) ein angestücktes Teil ist, das durch eines seiner Enden am äußeren Punkt (12) befestigt ist.
  7. Spiralfeder nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Endumfangsbiegung (15a) sich in einer Richtung erstreckt, die derjenigen der ersten Endumfangsbiegung (14a) entgegengesetzt ist.
  8. Spiralfeder nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Endumfangsbiegung (15b) sich in dieselbe Richtung wie die erste Endumfangsbiegung (14b) erstreckt.
  9. Spiralfeder nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Endumfangsbiegung (14a; 14b) kreisbogenförmig ist und die zweite Endumfangsbiegung (15a; 15b) aus einem Knie (18a; 18b) an ihrem mit dem äußeren Punkt (12) verbundenen Ende und einem kreisbogenförmigen Hauptabschnitt (19a; 19b) zwischen dem Knie (18a; 18b) und dem Endpunkt (17a; 17b) der zweiten Endumfangsbiegung (15a; 15b) gebildet ist.
  10. Spiralfeder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und die zweite Endumfangsbiegung (14c, 15c; 14d, 15d) die allgemeine Form von Kreisbögen mit demselben Mittelpunkt und demselben Radius aufweisen und sich vom äußeren Punkt (12) aus in zwei entgegengesetzte Richtungen erstrecken.
  11. Spiralfeder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mittlere Abschnitt (10) und die erste und die zweite Endumfangsbiegung (14, 15) jeweils über ihre gesamte Länge einen unveränderlichen Querschnitt aufweisen.
  12. Spiralfeder nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mittlere Abschnitt (10) und die erste und die zweite Endumfangsbiegung (14a, 15a; 14c, 15c) denselben Querschnitt aufweisen.
  13. Uhrwerk, das ein Gestell (5, 9), eine Unruhwelle (3), die schwenkbar in dem Gestell gelagert ist, und eine Spiralfeder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 umfasst, die über eine Spiralfederrolle auf der Unruhwelle gelagert ist, wobei der/die Endpunkt/e (16, 17) der Spiralfeder an dem Gestell befestigt ist/sind.
EP20080011404 2008-06-24 2008-06-24 Spiralfeder für Uhrwerk mit konzentrischer Entwicklung Not-in-force EP2138912B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP20080011404 EP2138912B1 (de) 2008-06-24 2008-06-24 Spiralfeder für Uhrwerk mit konzentrischer Entwicklung

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EP20080011404 EP2138912B1 (de) 2008-06-24 2008-06-24 Spiralfeder für Uhrwerk mit konzentrischer Entwicklung

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EP2138912A1 EP2138912A1 (de) 2009-12-30
EP2138912A8 EP2138912A8 (de) 2010-02-24
EP2138912B1 true EP2138912B1 (de) 2012-07-04

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4357858A1 (de) * 2022-10-18 2024-04-24 Omega SA Spiralfeder für resonatormechanismus einer uhr mit mitteln zur einstellung der steifigkeit
EP4357857A1 (de) * 2022-10-18 2024-04-24 Omega SA Spiralfeder für resonatormechanismus einer uhr mit mitteln zur einstellung der steifigkeit

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB697864A (en) 1951-03-22 1953-09-30 Smith & Sons Ltd S Improvements in or relating to hair springs
CH327796A (fr) 1954-02-22 1958-02-15 Horlogerie Suisse S A Asuag Spiral plat
CH1517065A4 (fr) * 1965-11-03 1967-04-15 Girard Perregaux Et Cie S A Montre portative
EP1445670A1 (de) 2003-02-06 2004-08-11 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Spiralfeder der Resonatorunruh und Fabrikationsmethode
EP2224293B1 (de) 2003-04-29 2012-07-18 Patek Philippe SA Genève Unruh und flache Spiralfeder für Uhrwerk
EP1605323A3 (de) 2004-04-13 2006-07-12 Coredem S.A. Spiralfeder für mechanisches Uhrwerk

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4357858A1 (de) * 2022-10-18 2024-04-24 Omega SA Spiralfeder für resonatormechanismus einer uhr mit mitteln zur einstellung der steifigkeit
EP4357857A1 (de) * 2022-10-18 2024-04-24 Omega SA Spiralfeder für resonatormechanismus einer uhr mit mitteln zur einstellung der steifigkeit

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EP2138912A1 (de) 2009-12-30

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