EP2546705A1 - Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Geometrie einer Spirale - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Geometrie einer Spirale Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2546705A1
EP2546705A1 EP12175239A EP12175239A EP2546705A1 EP 2546705 A1 EP2546705 A1 EP 2546705A1 EP 12175239 A EP12175239 A EP 12175239A EP 12175239 A EP12175239 A EP 12175239A EP 2546705 A1 EP2546705 A1 EP 2546705A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spiral
function
thickness
coefficients
hairspring
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP12175239A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2546705B1 (de
Inventor
Sébastien Thomas
Sylvain Huot-Marchand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Breitling AG
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Breitling AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Breitling AG filed Critical Breitling AG
Publication of EP2546705A1 publication Critical patent/EP2546705A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2546705B1 publication Critical patent/EP2546705B1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/066—Manufacture of the spiral spring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/22—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of temperature
    • G04B17/222—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of temperature with balances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mechanical watchmaking. It relates, more particularly, to a method for determining the geometry of a spiral of a clock-adjusting member.
  • spiral geometry we define the shape of the spiral, particularly the shape of its turns in the plane of the spiral.
  • the center of gravity of a spiral coincides with its geometric center.
  • the spirals used in watchmaking have only one portion of Archimedean spiral, the latter adjoining, in the center, a central curve ending in a ferrule and, on the outside, an external curve presenting different profiles.
  • the turns of a planar hairspring deform eccentrically when the hairspring is working, because the center of gravity of the hairspring does not initially correspond to the center of rotation of the hairspring and / or because of the displacement. center of gravity during expansions / contractions of the hairspring. This eccentricity disrupts the balance-balance and makes the latter anisochrone.
  • the first solution is to modify an initial spiral plan in a spiral extending in several planes. This solution does not fall within the scope of the present invention which is only concerned with plane spirals.
  • the second solution is to stiffen a portion of turn determined by giving it the shape of an angle. This angle is located either on the outer turn or on a central turn.
  • the idea of having a stiffening portion on the outer turn has been incorporated in the document EP1473604 which proposes a stiffened portion ending before the outer end of the hairspring.
  • this document proposes a hairspring in which there is a sufficient gap between the last turn and the penultimate turn, so that the penultimate coil remains free radially during expansions of the hairspring. This document also explains how the shape of this stiffening portion is modeled and determined.
  • the present invention aims to improve the isochronism of a sprung balance of the type proposed above.
  • the invention proposes a regulating device as defined in appended claim 1, particular embodiments being defined in the dependent claims 2 to 11, as well as a timepiece, such as a watch , incorporating the above-mentioned regulator.
  • the present invention provides a totally different and innovative approach to determine a geometry of a spiral to align the geometric center of a spiral and its center of gravity, particularly during its expansions.
  • the dotted curve 1 shows the evolution of the radius of a conventional hairspring as a function of the angle 6 of the hairspring, from the hoop.
  • the hairspring does not start with a zero radius, because of its attachment to the shell.
  • This characteristic point constituted by the attachment to the shell is represented by the letter A.
  • the point A is also applicable for a hairspring having an integrated ferrule, the point A being then, more precisely, the connection point. between the spiral part and the ferrule.
  • the spiral part which ends at point B, which is the point of the penultimate turn located opposite the peak.
  • the stud is the fastener of the outer turn of the spiral.
  • this spiral part stops for an angle ⁇ max - 2 ⁇ , thus leaving a complete turn at the last turn.
  • ⁇ max defines the angle of the spiral, at the peak.
  • the radial position of point B is determined so that when expanding maximum spiral, the penultimate turn does not come to touch the peak.
  • the radial position of the point B is thus defined by the position and the geometry of the peak.
  • the rays of the third part of the curve, which ends in C are also defined by the position and geometry of the pin and that of the balance, the point C defining the point of attachment of the spiral.
  • the points A, B and C are fixed by the position and the geometry of the members and fastening elements of the spiral, in general, the ferrule and the stud.
  • the curve has two breaks, separating the three parts which are therefore discontinuous, in the mathematical sense of the term.
  • the representative curve of the function must pass through the points A, B, C determined by the geometry of the regulating organ and by the practical contingencies of the attachment of the spiral.
  • two other points D and E are determined on the curve.
  • they may correspond, respectively, to the point of break between the first and the second part and in the middle of the hairspring. The radius and initial position of these two points are likely to vary.
  • the elastic behavior of the spiral obtained is simulated and the displacement of the center of gravity of the spiral relative to its geometric center, during expansions and contractions, is examined. Pivot reaction forces are simultaneously examined to reduce them.
  • a polynomial of degree 4 already makes it possible to obtain a satisfactory curve, that is to say with a center of gravity of the spiral very close to the center of rotation of the spiral, including during the expansions. Polynomials of higher degrees can also be envisaged.
  • the determination of the polynomial coefficients can be optimized.
  • the determination of the coefficients is done while respecting the ratio hs / es> F, with F being between 1 and 10.
  • h is the height of the hairspring, that is to say the dimension orthogonal to the plane of the spiral and e and the thickness, that is to say the smallest dimension in the plane of the spiral.
  • This approach makes it possible to characterize the whole length of a hairspring, while guaranteeing continuity, that is to say without breaking between different functions.
  • This approach makes it possible to make any type of shape or profile defined by a polynomial function.
  • a variant of the method according to the invention proposes, for determining the thickness of the spiral, to multiply the function inverse to the function of the radius by an exponential function.
  • the displacement of the center of gravity is then calculated numerically, typically by finite elements.
  • the reduction of this displacement makes it possible to reduce the reaction force at the pivot.
  • An experimental design or an optimization is used to best reduce the displacements of the center of gravity and / or the variations of the reaction force to the pivot.
  • the figure 3a shows the spiral obtained in top view
  • the figure 3b shows the thickness curves for the es and eslog curves as given above
  • the figure 3c represents the ratio not / thickness
  • the figure 3d represents the inner rays and outside as a function of ⁇ , always optimizing on the basis of the equations given above.
  • the figures 5 , 6 and 7 give comparative curves between a hairspring of the state of the art and the hairspring as defined in the first example given.
  • the figure 5 represents the isochronism (in s / d) as a function of the amplitude of a spiral balance, between 150 and 330 °.
  • Curve 50 corresponds to a spiral obtained according to the method of the invention and curve 52 corresponds to a spiral of the state of the art.
  • the figure 6 represents the resultant force at the pivot (in N).
  • the curves 60 and 61 correspond to the spiral obtained according to the method of the invention, respectively in expansion and contraction
  • the curves 62 and 63 correspond to the spiral of the state of the art, respectively in expansion and contraction. Breaks visible with the spiral of the state of the technique represent the contact with the pins. It can be seen that, because of the behavior of the hairspring, the resultant force at the pivot is less for the hairspring according to the invention.
  • the figure 7 represents the displacement (in mm) of the center of gravity as a function of the amplitude of the sprung balance.
  • the curves 70 and 71 correspond to the spiral obtained according to the method of the invention, respectively in expansion and contraction
  • the curves 72 and 73 correspond to the spiral of the state of the art, respectively in expansion and contraction.
  • the visible breaks with the spiral of the state of the art represent the contact with the pins. It is noted that, because of the behavior of the spiral, the center of gravity position is very stable as a function of the amplitude, that is to say that the center of gravity moves very little.
  • the spiral geometry can preferably be made by deep etching techniques, which can achieve any geometry.
  • the spiral may be made of silicon or other elastic materials suitable for manufacture by deep etching, LIGA or other cutting means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Complex Calculations (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
EP12175239.8A 2011-07-14 2012-07-06 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spiralfeders für Uhren Active EP2546705B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01178/11A CH705234B1 (fr) 2011-07-14 2011-07-14 Méthode de fabrication d'un spiral.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2546705A1 true EP2546705A1 (de) 2013-01-16
EP2546705B1 EP2546705B1 (de) 2017-09-06

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP12175239.8A Active EP2546705B1 (de) 2011-07-14 2012-07-06 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spiralfeders für Uhren

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EP (1) EP2546705B1 (de)
CH (1) CH705234B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4372479A1 (de) * 2022-11-18 2024-05-22 Richemont International S.A. Verfahren zur herstellung von uhrenspiralfedern

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3181940B2 (de) 2015-12-18 2023-07-05 CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement Herstellungsverfahren einer spiralfeder mit einer vorbestimmten steifigkeit durch lokalisierte wegnahme von material

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE526689A (de)
CH327796A (fr) 1954-02-22 1958-02-15 Horlogerie Suisse S A Asuag Spiral plat
EP1473604A1 (de) 2003-04-29 2004-11-03 Patek Philippe S.A. Unruh und fläche Spiralfeder für Uhrwerk
EP2017681A1 (de) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-21 Noriah SA Breguet-Spiralfeder für Uhr und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3154912A (en) * 1963-01-22 1964-11-03 Pinkas David Means for mounting and regulating the outer end of a spiral spring
EP1515200A1 (de) * 2003-09-10 2005-03-16 Patek Philippe S.A. Spiralfeder für Uhren
DE102009048733A1 (de) * 2009-10-08 2011-04-14 Konrad Damasko Spiralfeder für mechanische Schwingungssysteme von Uhren

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE526689A (de)
CH327796A (fr) 1954-02-22 1958-02-15 Horlogerie Suisse S A Asuag Spiral plat
EP1473604A1 (de) 2003-04-29 2004-11-03 Patek Philippe S.A. Unruh und fläche Spiralfeder für Uhrwerk
EP2017681A1 (de) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-21 Noriah SA Breguet-Spiralfeder für Uhr und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MM. EMILE; GASTON MICHEL: "Spiraux plats concentriques sans courbes", 1958, SOCIÉTÉ SUISSE DE CHRONOMÉTRIE
SHELDON P. GORDON: "Taylor Polynomial Approximations in Polar Coordinates", THE COLLEGE MATHEMATICS JOURNAL, vol. 24, no. 4, 4 September 1993 (1993-09-04), pages 325 - 330, XP002667230 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4372479A1 (de) * 2022-11-18 2024-05-22 Richemont International S.A. Verfahren zur herstellung von uhrenspiralfedern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH705234A1 (fr) 2013-01-15
CH705234B1 (fr) 2017-10-13
EP2546705B1 (de) 2017-09-06

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