EP2545640A1 - Procédé et appareil pour le fonctionnement d'un moteur asynchrone avec une efficacité accrue - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour le fonctionnement d'un moteur asynchrone avec une efficacité accrue

Info

Publication number
EP2545640A1
EP2545640A1 EP10700536A EP10700536A EP2545640A1 EP 2545640 A1 EP2545640 A1 EP 2545640A1 EP 10700536 A EP10700536 A EP 10700536A EP 10700536 A EP10700536 A EP 10700536A EP 2545640 A1 EP2545640 A1 EP 2545640A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
motor
size
value
asynchronous motor
control variable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10700536A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Nitz
Norbert Rüdiger KLAES
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MK Regeltechnik AG
Original Assignee
MK Regeltechnik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MK Regeltechnik AG filed Critical MK Regeltechnik AG
Publication of EP2545640A1 publication Critical patent/EP2545640A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/04—Single phase motors, e.g. capacitor motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/42—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual single-phase induction motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using ac to ac converters without intermediate conversion to dc
    • H02P27/18—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using ac to ac converters without intermediate conversion to dc varying the frequency by omitting half waves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for operating a
  • the document DE 100 61 293 AI shows a method and an apparatus for
  • a three-phase AC power is supplied to excite the induction motor.
  • a DC voltage and a DC current are measured and used to determine an estimated active power. From the estimated active power conclusions about the load of the asynchronous motor can be obtained. Further, an estimated torque generating current value is determined and compared with the actual torque generating current value. Furthermore, the difference between the actual and the estimated torque-generating current value is determined. Depending on this particular difference, the estimated active power is changed. Depending on this, the asynchronous motor supplied three-phase AC power can be changed.
  • Another conventional device for operating a three-phase asynchronous motor is described in the publication DE 102008 018 625 AI.
  • An object of the present invention is to operate an asynchronous motor more effectively.
  • this object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and / or by a device having the features of claim 15.
  • a method for operating an asynchronous motor with increased efficiency which has the following steps: In a first step, ranges for an engine size of the asynchronous motor are determined. In a second step, a value of the motor size is calculated as a function of at least one measured value of a measured variable during operation of the asynchronous motor, wherein the respective calculated value of the motor size is assigned to one of the ranges. Furthermore, in a third step, a control variable is changed in dependence on the calculated motor size associated area to provide an optimized control variable such that the control variable is changed from a set for the respective range of engine size start value until a predetermined criterion for a given engine size is reached is. In a fourth step, the optimized control quantity is called
  • a computer program product such as a computer program means can be provided or supplied, for example, as a storage medium, such as memory card, USB stick, floppy disk, CD stick, CD-ROM, DVD or even in the form of a downloadable file from a server in a network. This can be done, for example, in a wireless communication network by the transmission of a corresponding file with the computer program product or the computer program means.
  • a storage medium such as memory card, USB stick, floppy disk, CD stick, CD-ROM, DVD or even in the form of a downloadable file from a server in a network.
  • This can be done, for example, in a wireless communication network by the transmission of a corresponding file with the computer program product or the computer program means.
  • an apparatus for operating an asynchronous motor with increased efficiency is proposed.
  • the apparatus has a first means for defining ranges for an engine size of the asynchronous motor.
  • the device has a second means for calculating a value of the motor size as a function of at least one measured value of a measured variable during operation of the asynchronous motor, wherein the respective value of the motor size is assigned to one of the areas. Furthermore, the device has a third means for changing a control variable as a function of the area associated with the calculated motor size in order to provide an optimized control variable. In this case, the third means changes the control variable in such a way that the control variable is changed starting from a start value determined for the respective region of the engine size until a
  • the device has a fourth means for storing the optimized control variable as a support point of a continuous optimum characteristic curve for the control variable as a function of the calculated motor size associated region.
  • a three-phase controller for driving an asynchronous motor which has a device as described above for operating the asynchronous motor with increased efficiency.
  • An advantage of the present invention is that the asynchronous motor can be operated more effectively by providing and using the continuous optimal characteristic.
  • optimization phase no permanent control with corresponding control times is necessary. Rather, the optimization is reduced to a single setting process according to the determined optimum characteristic. This is how the optimum motor voltage of the asynchronous motor becomes determined quickly and accurately. Another advantage is that control oscillations can be avoided.
  • the particular motor size of the asynchronous motor for which a particular criterion, for example a threshold, is to be achieved may be the same motor size for which the ranges are specified. Alternatively, it may also be different motor sizes of the asynchronous motor, for example, the active power and the reactive power. For example, ranges for the active power can be set and a value of the active power can be calculated, for example, as a function of the motor voltage. Further, a control quantity, such as the control angle, becomes dependent on the calculated one
  • Active power associated range changed such that the control angle is changed starting from a fixed for the respective range of active power start value until a predetermined criterion for the reactive power is reached.
  • Other possible motor sizes are a power factor, a motor current or predetermined angular sizes.
  • the interpolation point is extrapolated to at least one region adjacent to the region of the calculated value of the engine size.
  • at least one extrapolated point of the optimum characteristic is provided.
  • the respective extrapolated location is set as the starting value for the respective adjacent area.
  • the second to fourth steps are carried out until each of the areas has been optimized exactly once.
  • the motor size is the active power received during operation of the asynchronous motor.
  • a plurality of regions are defined for the active power recorded during operation of the asynchronous motor. Then, a respective value of the active power is calculated as a function of a respective measured value of the motor current and / or of a respective measured value of the motor voltage during operation of the asynchronous motor. The respective value of the active power is assigned to one of the areas.
  • the provided areas are overlapping.
  • a potential continuous swinging between adjacent intervals is suppressed.
  • the control variable is preferably a control angle, a blocking time or a blocking angle.
  • the control angle ⁇ or ignition delay angle ⁇ is defined as the angle between the zero crossing of the motor voltage and the beginning of the current flow of the motor current.
  • the locking angle ⁇ is defined as the angle between the extinction and the restart of the current flow of the motor current.
  • the blocking time in particular the blocking time of the thyristor of the three-phase controller, is defined as the period corresponding to the blocking angle ⁇ .
  • the blocking time corresponds to the length of the current gap.
  • the current gap is the time in which no motor current flows.
  • the blocking state of the thyristor is preferably determined and evaluated by detecting the blocking voltage.
  • the optimum criterion can relate, for example, to the recorded active power of the asynchronous motor and thus to the energy consumption of the asynchronous motor. As already described above, it is also possible to additionally evaluate the recorded reactive power, the motor current or variables derived therefrom for an optimal criterion. Since the motor size to be optimized itself is heavily dependent on the operating point, according to the invention, the motor size to be optimized is not controlled directly, but according to the invention
  • Optimum characteristic curve for the control variable or manipulated variable of the three-phase controller depending on used another motor size is, for example, the absorbed active power as a feature of the load condition of the asynchronous motor.
  • an initial characteristic curve is provided, which in each case comprises a defined starting value for the respective region of the engine size.
  • the respective starting value reduces the effort, in particular the temporal
  • the third and fourth steps are started when the engine size observed according to the second step is stable.
  • the engine size observed according to the fourth step is determined to be stable if temporal changes of the observed engine size are within a specific threshold window.
  • the threshold window is determined in advance in particular.
  • Three-phase controller changed.
  • the effects on the engine size to be optimized are observed. If the effects and thus the changes were advantageous, the manipulated variable in the optimal characteristic curve is adopted at least provisionally and potentially further modified in the further course of the optimization until the optimum criterion has been reached or exceeded.
  • the value of the control value determined in this way is stored as an optimized value or interpolation point in the optimum characteristic.
  • the optimization of a range is interrupted when the engine size determining the range has changed by more than a predetermined threshold.
  • the extrapolation of the interpolation point is carried out as a function of a predetermined monotonic behavior of the asynchronous motor.
  • the blocking voltage of the thyristors is evaluated for detecting the load step. If the blocking voltage or a quantity derived therefrom, for example the sum of the amounts of the three blocking voltages of the three phases, exceeds a threshold value, then the load jump is detected. In this case, the reverse voltage of the tyristors can be detected separately. Alternatively, the blocking voltage can also be calculated from the mains voltage and the motor voltage.
  • Control variable preferably continuously fed back to the characteristic value of the optimal characteristic of the assigned area.
  • This feedback takes place as a function of a time control or as a function of a signal for detecting the load jump.
  • optimization may be interrupted so often without the optimum characteristic curve being able to be determined with sufficient accuracy.
  • the characteristic is preferably estimated from empirical values and / or calculations to ensure the safe operation of the engine. This estimate can be made during operation of the asynchronous motor or outside the operation of the asynchronous motor. For this reason, an improvement of the engine behavior is advantageously possible for such applications with frequently varying operating points.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram to illustrate the invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a first embodiment of the method according to the invention for operating an asynchronous motor with increased efficiency
  • Figure 5 is a schematic flow diagram of a second embodiment of the method according to the invention for operating an asynchronous motor with increased efficiency
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram for illustrating the angle-dependent
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of FIG.
  • the device 10 has a first means 11, a second means 12, a third means 13 and a fourth means 14.
  • the first means 11 is arranged for defining regions A, A1-A9 for an engine size of the induction motor 20.
  • the x-axis of Figure 2 shows an engine size of the induction motor 20 and various areas AI to A9.
  • the second means 12 is set up to calculate a value B of the motor variable as a function of at least one measured value C of a measured variable during operation of the asynchronous motor 20.
  • the respective calculated value B of the engine size is assigned to one of the areas A, A1-A9.
  • a measuring device 40 is provided, which is coupled between the asynchronous motor 20 and the device 10.
  • the third means 13 of the device 10 is adapted to a control quantity in
  • the fourth means 14 is adapted to the optimized control variable D as a support point of a continuous optimal characteristic F for the control variable as a function of the calculated
  • the provided continuous optimal characteristic F is provided to the three-phase current controller 30.
  • the three-phase controller 30 is set up to generate a drive signal G for controlling the asynchronous motor 20 as a function of the continuous optimum characteristic F.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram for illustrating the continuous optimum characteristic F. according to the invention.
  • the x-axis of FIG. 2 denotes the motor size, whereas the y-axis shows the control quantity.
  • the x-axis and thus the motor size are in
  • the optimal characteristic curve F according to the invention for the control variable is continuous.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram for the representation of the continuous optimum characteristic F according to the invention and the initial characteristic E.
  • the x-axis denotes the motor size and y- Axis the control variable.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic flow diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention for operating an asynchronous motor 20 with increased efficiency.
  • the first embodiment of Figure 4 has the following steps S41 to S44 and will be described with reference to Figure 1:
  • Step S41 Areas A, A1-A9 for an engine size of the asynchronous motor 20 are set.
  • a value B of the motor size is calculated as a function of at least one measured value C of a measured variable during operation of the asynchronous motor 20.
  • the respective calculated value B of the engine size is assigned to one of the areas A, A1-A9.
  • a plurality of areas A1-A9 are used during operation of the
  • Asynchronous motor 20 recorded active power set. Accordingly, it is in operation recorded active power a suitable example of the size of the engine. Then, a respective value B of the active power is calculated as a function of a respective measured value C of the motor current I (see FIG. 6) and / or of a respective measured value C of the motor voltage U during operation of the asynchronous motor 20. Accordingly, the respective calculated value B of the active power is assigned to one of the areas A1-A9.
  • a control variable is changed in dependence on the calculated motor size B associated area A, A1-A9 to provide an optimized control variable D such that the control variable is changed starting from a set for the respective area A of the engine size start value E until a predetermined criterion for a certain engine size is reached.
  • Motor size is preferably an initial characteristic E used (see Figure 3).
  • the control quantity is designed, for example, as a control angle, a blocking angle ⁇ or as a blocking time.
  • 6 shows a schematic diagram for illustrating the angle-dependent motor voltage U and the angle-dependent motor current I of an asynchronous motor 20.
  • FIG. 6 also shows the control angle, which is the angle between the zero crossing of the motor voltage U and the beginning of the motor
  • FIG. 6 shows the locking angle ⁇ , which is determined as the angle between the extinction and the restart of Stromfuusses the motor current I.
  • the optimized control variable D is stored as a support point of a continuous optimal characteristic curve F for the control variable as a function of the region A, A1-A9 assigned to the calculated motor size B.
  • steps S42 through S44 are performed until each of the areas A1-A9 has been optimized just once.
  • the steps S43 and S44 are preferably started when the engine amount observed according to the step S42 is stable.
  • the observed engine size is determined to be stable, especially in case of temporal changes of the observed
  • Threshold window is specifically determined or set in advance.
  • the control variable can be changed differently from the continuous optimum characteristic F such that the motor voltage U increases in order to prevent tilting of the asynchronous motor 20. After this change to prevent tilting of the asynchronous motor 20, the control quantity is continuously returned to the characteristic value of the optimum characteristic F of the assigned area A1-A9.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic flow diagram of a second exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention for operating an asynchronous motor 20 with increased efficiency.
  • the steps S51 to S54 of FIG. 5 correspond to the steps S41 to S44 of FIG. 4 and are therefore not explained again.
  • the interpolation point stored according to step S44 or S54 is extrapolated to at least one region adjacent to the region, for example region AI, of the calculated value B of the engine size, for example region A2, to provide at least one extrapolated point of the optimum characteristic F.
  • This extrapolation of the support point is preferably dependent on a predetermined monotony behavior of the
  • Step S56 is asynchronous motor 20 performed.
  • the respective extrapolated support point is set as the starting value for the respective adjacent area, for example the area A2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil pour le fonctionnement d'un moteur asynchrone avec une efficacité accrue. Selon l'invention, on détermine des domaines pour une grandeur caractéristique du moteur asynchrone. Par ailleurs, on calcule une valeur de la grandeur caractéristique en fonction d'au moins une valeur de mesure d'une grandeur de mesure lors du fonctionnement du moteur asynchrone, la valeur calculée considérée de la grandeur caractéristique étant placée dans l'un des domaines. Ensuite, une grandeur de commande est modifiée en fonction du domaine dans lequel est placée la grandeur caractéristique calculée, afin de donner une grandeur de commande optimisée de telle manière que la grandeur de commande soit modifiée à partir d'une valeur de départ définie pour le domaine considéré de la grandeur caractéristique, jusqu'à ce que soit atteint un critère prédéterminé pour une certaine grandeur caractéristique. Enfin, la grandeur de commande optimisée est mémorisée comme point de données d'une caractéristique optimale de la grandeur de commande, en fonction du domaine dans lequel a été placée la grandeur caractéristique calculée. De cette manière, le moteur asynchrone peut fonctionner de manière plus efficace en se fondant sur la caractéristique optimale fournie. La description fournit un schéma fonctionnel pour un appareil correspondant, des organigrammes pour des procédés correspondants et un progiciel d'ordinateur pour l'exécution d'un tel procédé.
EP10700536A 2010-01-12 2010-01-12 Procédé et appareil pour le fonctionnement d'un moteur asynchrone avec une efficacité accrue Withdrawn EP2545640A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2010/050281 WO2011085805A1 (fr) 2010-01-12 2010-01-12 Procédé et appareil pour le fonctionnement d'un moteur asynchrone avec une efficacité accrue

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2545640A1 true EP2545640A1 (fr) 2013-01-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10700536A Withdrawn EP2545640A1 (fr) 2010-01-12 2010-01-12 Procédé et appareil pour le fonctionnement d'un moteur asynchrone avec une efficacité accrue

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8872468B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2545640A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20130108497A (fr)
CN (1) CN102844978A (fr)
WO (1) WO2011085805A1 (fr)

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EP2928065B1 (fr) * 2014-03-31 2018-04-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de moteur doté d'un circuit d'excitation et d'un moteur
FR3064843B1 (fr) * 2017-03-28 2019-05-03 Universite D'artois Procede de determination de l'intensite et du couple electromagnetique dune machine electrique asynchrone en fonctionnement
CN116191358A (zh) * 2022-11-25 2023-05-30 云南电网有限责任公司昆明供电局 一种提高异步电动机速断保护性能的方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011085805A1 (fr) 2011-07-21
CN102844978A (zh) 2012-12-26
US8872468B2 (en) 2014-10-28
US20130009590A1 (en) 2013-01-10
KR20130108497A (ko) 2013-10-04

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