EP2539650A1 - Procede de refroidissement cryogenique utilisant un ecoulement de co2 diphasique solide-gaz - Google Patents
Procede de refroidissement cryogenique utilisant un ecoulement de co2 diphasique solide-gazInfo
- Publication number
- EP2539650A1 EP2539650A1 EP11705937A EP11705937A EP2539650A1 EP 2539650 A1 EP2539650 A1 EP 2539650A1 EP 11705937 A EP11705937 A EP 11705937A EP 11705937 A EP11705937 A EP 11705937A EP 2539650 A1 EP2539650 A1 EP 2539650A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- heat exchanger
- exchanger system
- products
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of processes using CO 2 as a cryogenic fluid, in processes of cooling, freezing and crusting of products, in particular food products, but also as a source of cold in refrigerated trucks carrying fresh products. and / or frozen (so heat-sensitive).
- the CO 2 is most often intended to be used in direct injection, with control temperatures of the products to be cooled which typically vary between 0 to -20 ° C in the case of refrigerated transport, and between -40 ° C to -70 ° C in cells and other cooling tunnels.
- the calories of the extraction gases are difficult to recover because, after their direct contact with the products to be cooled, they become polluted by the presence of traces of moisture, particle of products, etc.
- the present invention wishes to propose new conditions of use of CO 2 as a source of cold in such indirect injection applications.
- the invention proposes to set up a two-phase gas-solid flow.
- the invention relates to a method using liquid CO 2 as a cryogenic fluid, for transferring frigories to products, a process of the so-called indirect injection type where the liquid CO 2 is sent to a heat exchanger system where it is used.
- evaporates the transfer of cold products passing through an exchange between the air surrounding the products and the cold walls of the heat exchanger, favored by the intervention of ventilation means associated with the heat exchanger system, the process is characterized in that before reaching the exchanger system, the liquid CO 2 has undergone an expansion operation, at a pressure chosen to obtain a solid / gas mixture at the outlet of the expansion operation.
- the CO 2 l iqu ide was m in the situation of heat exchange with the cold gases obtained at the output of the system heat exchanger (resulting from the melting carried out in the heat exchanger system).
- This heat exchange between the liquid CO 2 and the cold gases obtained at the outlet of the heat exchanger system is for example made in a plate heat exchanger.
- this indirect injection method is sent to the exchanger, not, as in the prior art, liquid CO 2 , but a fluid resulting from a relaxation, in which there is a part of solid (c ') is a two-phase gas / solid fluid);
- the liquid exchanges with the gas phase extracted from the heat exchanger system offers a higher thermal efficiency since the solid fraction in the liquid undercooled then relaxed is then higher.
- Figure 1 is a partial schematic representation of an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 shows enthalpy difference curves, allowing to visualize the difference in enthalpy between points 2 and 3 of FIG. 1, including the latent and sensible heats, for two pressure levels, 5.18 bar (FIG. triple point pressure) and 1 bar.
- FIG. 1 shows in a simple and clear manner the flow of liquid CO 2 in a process according to the invention.
- a diagram of Mollier a diagram well known to those skilled in the art, but that the Applicant has chosen not to be included here for readability purposes.
- the liquid CO 2 (point 1) withdrawn from storage, for example under standard conditions of 20 bar / -20 ° C. (or 45 ° C./8 bar depending on the country concerned). ), is expanded to a pressure lower than that of the triple point, for example 5.18 bar (point 2), before reaching the exchanger system.
- the exchanger system is implemented in a so-called indirect injection process: for example in a cooling, freezing or crusting operation of products, in particular food products (the exchanger system is then for example present at inside a cryogenic cell or tunnel), or in a refrigerated truck carrying perishable thermosensitive products.
- a diphasic gas / solid mixture whose solid fraction varies as a function of the pressure at point 2.
- it is typically 52% at 5.18 bar / -56.6 ° C. and 47% at 1 bar / -80 ° C.
- This two-phase mixture is then circulated inside the exchanger system where the mixture gives up its latent heat of fusion in addition to a portion of its sensible heat.
- the design of the exchanger and in particular its exchange surface, as well as the CO 2 flow rate, will define the cooling capacity delivered as well as the exit temperature of the gas at point 3.
- Figure 2 shows enthalpy difference curves, allowing to visualize the difference of enthalpy between points 2 and 3 of figure 1, including the latent and sensible heats, for two pressure levels after relaxation of the liquid CO 2 , 5.18 bar (ie the pressure of the triple point) and 1 bar.
- This figure 2 clearly shows the available energy (expressed in enthalpy variation) contained in a kilogram of CO 2 when the latter is relaxed from 20 bar to 5.18 bar representing the limit of the liquid / vapor phase change (low curve on the Figure), or from 20 bar to 1 bar (high curve in the figure), to obtain in accordance with the invention a two-phase solid / gas mixture.
- cryogenic temperature is strongly sought.
- This advantageous mode aims to maximize the calories still present in the gas extracted at the outlet of the exchanger system.
- This figure shows the presence of an additional means, it is a means for performing a heat exchange, in this case a subcooler, for example constituted as it is the case i d a plate heat exchanger, the medium of which we will explain here the intervention: the liquid CO 2 (point 1) withdrawn from the storage, for example under the standard conditions already mentioned above in the context of FIG. 1, passes, before reaching the expander, in a plate heat exchanger where it exchanges thermally with the gases from the exchanger system (point 4), exchanger system present in the tunnel, or the truck etc;
- the temperature in this point 4 will be dictated by the technical constraints of the user application of the cold, which leads to a higher or lower level.
- This second example illustrates a case where if the user application of cold requires a temperature of the medium to cool as cold as possible, it is possible to consider a partial exploitation of the heat of fusion in the exchanger system (between points 3 and 4 ), the total melting of the mixture and its overheating then being done in the subcooler with a recovery of calories.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1051344A FR2956730B1 (fr) | 2010-02-25 | 2010-02-25 | Procede de refroidissement cryogenique utilisant un ecoulement de co2 diphasique solide-gaz |
| PCT/FR2011/050159 WO2011104453A1 (fr) | 2010-02-25 | 2011-01-27 | Procede de refroidissement cryogenique utilisant un ecoulement de co2 diphasique solide-gaz |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2539650A1 true EP2539650A1 (fr) | 2013-01-02 |
| EP2539650B1 EP2539650B1 (fr) | 2014-11-26 |
Family
ID=42543064
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11705937.8A Not-in-force EP2539650B1 (fr) | 2010-02-25 | 2011-01-27 | Procede de refroidissement cryogenique utilisant un ecoulement de co2 diphasique solide-gaz |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120312505A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2539650B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2013520638A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2011219693B9 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR112012021510A2 (fr) |
| DK (1) | DK2539650T3 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2531044T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2956730B1 (fr) |
| PT (1) | PT2539650E (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2011104453A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2783214A2 (fr) | 2011-11-23 | 2014-10-01 | The Board of Regents of The University of Texas System | Identification protéomique d'anticorps |
| EP2861760B1 (fr) | 2012-06-15 | 2020-01-01 | The Board of Regents of The University of Texas System | Séquençage à haut débit de multiples transcrits d'une cellule unique |
| US10513733B2 (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2019-12-24 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | High throughout sequencing of paired VH and VL transcripts from B cells secreting antigen-specific antibodies |
| DK201570281A1 (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2016-11-28 | Nel Hydrogen As | Cooling of a fluid with a refrigerant at triple point |
| WO2019084538A1 (fr) | 2017-10-27 | 2019-05-02 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Anticorps spécifiques à une tumeur, récepteurs de lymphocytes t et procédés d'identification de ceux-ci |
| CN113454410A (zh) * | 2019-01-07 | 2021-09-28 | 费尔南多·约科姆·布兰多 | 干冰的冷却装置及冷却方法 |
| JP7474012B1 (ja) | 2024-02-27 | 2024-04-24 | 株式会社関東技研 | 霧箱 |
| FR3163718A1 (fr) * | 2024-06-20 | 2025-12-26 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procédé de sous refroidissement du CO2 par l’intervention d’un liquide cryogénique fatal |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3754407A (en) * | 1970-02-26 | 1973-08-28 | L Tyree | Method and system for cooling material using carbon dioxide snow |
| US4127008A (en) * | 1976-11-01 | 1978-11-28 | Lewis Tyree Jr | Method and apparatus for cooling material using liquid CO2 |
| US4437312A (en) * | 1981-03-06 | 1984-03-20 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Recovery of power from vaporization of liquefied natural gas |
| FR2619203B1 (fr) * | 1987-08-04 | 1989-11-17 | Anhydride Carbonique Ind | Procede et installation de refroidissement cryogenique utilisant du dioxyde de carbone liquide en tant qu'agent frigorigene |
| US6014864A (en) * | 1998-03-16 | 2000-01-18 | Life Science Holdings, Inc. | Cryogenic fluid heat exchanger method and apparatus |
| US6497106B2 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2002-12-24 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for chilling a food product |
| WO2005005897A2 (fr) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-01-20 | Packo Inox Nv | Dispositif permettant de pulveriser de la neige carbonique dans une chambre de congelation ou de refrigeration et utilisation d'une soupape de non-retour en tant que tuyere d'expansion pour un dispositif de ce type |
| WO2006029762A1 (fr) * | 2004-09-16 | 2006-03-23 | Unilever Plc | Appareil et procede pour refroidir un produit alimentaire |
| FR2886719B1 (fr) * | 2005-06-02 | 2007-08-10 | Air Liquide | Procede de refrigeration d'une charge thermique |
| US9301432B2 (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2016-03-29 | Oracle America, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cooling electronic equipment |
| US8291719B2 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2012-10-23 | Be Aerospace, Inc. | Thermal control system and method |
| DK2220450T4 (da) * | 2007-11-09 | 2023-02-20 | Carrier Corp | Transportkølesystem og fremgangsmåde til anvendelse deraf |
| JP5018496B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-16 | 2012-09-05 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
-
2010
- 2010-02-25 FR FR1051344A patent/FR2956730B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-01-27 JP JP2012554389A patent/JP2013520638A/ja active Pending
- 2011-01-27 ES ES11705937T patent/ES2531044T3/es active Active
- 2011-01-27 DK DK11705937T patent/DK2539650T3/en active
- 2011-01-27 BR BR112012021510A patent/BR112012021510A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-01-27 WO PCT/FR2011/050159 patent/WO2011104453A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2011-01-27 EP EP11705937.8A patent/EP2539650B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-01-27 AU AU2011219693A patent/AU2011219693B9/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-01-27 US US13/581,128 patent/US20120312505A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-01-27 PT PT117059378T patent/PT2539650E/pt unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2011104453A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2011219693A1 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
| US20120312505A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
| DK2539650T3 (en) | 2015-03-02 |
| FR2956730A1 (fr) | 2011-08-26 |
| WO2011104453A1 (fr) | 2011-09-01 |
| AU2011219693B2 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
| JP2013520638A (ja) | 2013-06-06 |
| EP2539650B1 (fr) | 2014-11-26 |
| FR2956730B1 (fr) | 2012-04-06 |
| ES2531044T3 (es) | 2015-03-10 |
| PT2539650E (pt) | 2015-02-20 |
| AU2011219693B9 (en) | 2014-04-10 |
| BR112012021510A2 (pt) | 2016-07-05 |
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