EP2536988B1 - Bras de support pour une électrode d'un four de fusion métallurgique - Google Patents

Bras de support pour une électrode d'un four de fusion métallurgique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2536988B1
EP2536988B1 EP11703657.4A EP11703657A EP2536988B1 EP 2536988 B1 EP2536988 B1 EP 2536988B1 EP 11703657 A EP11703657 A EP 11703657A EP 2536988 B1 EP2536988 B1 EP 2536988B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support arm
electrode support
electrode
optical waveguide
arm according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11703657.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2536988A1 (fr
Inventor
Gereon Fehlemann
Dirk Lieftucht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Group GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2536988A1 publication Critical patent/EP2536988A1/fr
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Publication of EP2536988B1 publication Critical patent/EP2536988B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/10—Mountings, supports, terminals or arrangements for feeding or guiding electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/28—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or the like devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/08—Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/08—Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
    • F27D11/10—Disposition of electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Elektrodentragarm a molten metallurgical furnace, in particular an electric arc furnace, wherein the electrode support arm is provided with at least one measuring element for measuring a physical quantity.
  • the DE 198 56 765 discloses a method for detecting the degradation of electrically-energizable or energetically-connectable components of electric arc furnaces that arc burning from an electrode during operation.
  • an electrode arrangement with a generic electrode support arm is known.
  • holding devices for the required electrodes are used. These devices usually consist of a support pole, which carries a Elektrodentragarm; the electrode support arm runs in horizontal direction.
  • an electrode is arranged, which extends vertically downwards, ie it hangs at the end of the electrode support arm.
  • the flow guide from a power connection to the electrode is usually done by copper-plated steel sheets, which make up the support arm. The steel sheet essentially performs the mechanical support function, with the copper applied conducting the current.
  • the electrode support arm can be provided with sensor elements, with load cells or strain gauges being used. With these sensors, the deformation of the support arm is detected. The determined sensory determined data are compared with setpoints, for which a measured value evaluation device is used.
  • the present invention is based on the object, a Elektrodentragarm of the type mentioned in such a way that it is possible to detect thermal and / or mechanical loads on the Elektrodentragarms as accurately as possible and to improve the operation of the electrode assembly to improve. So it should be provided an efficient monitoring for the electrode support arm. In this case, a continuous and precise monitoring of the temperatures or the mechanical stresses of the electrode support arm should be possible, which can be realized inexpensively.
  • the solution of this object by the invention is characterized in that the measuring element is formed in the electrode support arm for measuring the temperature and / or mechanical strain of the electrode support arm, wherein the measuring element comprises at least one optical waveguide which extends at least in sections along the longitudinal extent of the electrode support arm.
  • the optical waveguide can be arranged in a surrounding tube.
  • the optical waveguide and the tube possibly surrounding it can be arranged in a bore in the electrode support arm.
  • the optical waveguide and possibly surrounding him tube are arranged in a groove in the electrode support arm.
  • the groove can be closed by a closure element which holds the optical waveguide and the possibly surrounding tube in the groove base, wherein the closure element is in particular a metal part inserted into the groove or cast into the groove.
  • the closure element is preferably connected to the groove by friction stir welding.
  • friction stir welding advantageously, the welding temperature can be well controlled, whereby it can be prevented that the optical waveguide inside the groove becomes too hot.
  • a further alternative provides that the optical waveguide and / or, if appropriate, the tube surrounding it are arranged in a layer, wherein the layer is arranged on or in the electrode support arm.
  • the layer may consist of metal or of a temperature-resistant non-metallic material.
  • the optical waveguide and the possibly surrounding tube can be completely surrounded by the material of the layer.
  • the layer may be applied galvanically to or in the electrode support arm. It can be made of copper, chrome or nickel. It may be a spray coating or a chemical coating, as for example from the DE 10 2009 049479.0 is known.
  • temperatures and / or stresses or strains in the components of the electrode support arm can be measured as a temperature or stress profile over the surface of the electrode support arm. Also included are dynamic changes due to flows in the melt, which is located in the vessel under the arm. As a result, an assessment of the state of wear and the present load situation of the support arm by the temperature and / or the voltage is possible.
  • the proposed concept enables a representation of the thermal or mechanical loading of the components over their surface in the respective operating state.
  • the optical waveguide or the metal tube surrounding the optical waveguide In order to be able to carry out precise temperature measurements with the optical waveguide, it is advantageous for the optical waveguide or the metal tube surrounding the optical waveguide to rest tightly against the component or medium, if possible without (insulating) air gap, thus ensuring good temperature transmission can take place on the optical fiber.
  • the fiber optic cable must not be mislaid during the temperature measurement, so that it can expand or contract when the temperature changes.
  • the optical waveguide is firmly connected to the component whose elongation or its temporal strain curve to be measured, so that the mechanical strain of the component transmits to the optical waveguide.
  • the optical waveguide or the tube surrounding it is firmly connected to the bore or groove base.
  • a filler for closing the groove is used, which may consist of metal. It can be made to fit the shape of the groove. It can also be provided that the filler is produced by casting or spraying the material of the filler into the groove. After that, therefore, the material from which the filling piece is made pourable or sprayable and then poured or injected into the groove, in which the optical waveguide, if necessary, including tube was inserted.
  • the proposed embodiment thus offers the possibility to detect stress states in the measured plane and thus to detect the mechanical stress of the components.
  • the optical waveguide is preferably connected to an evaluation unit in which the temperature distribution in the electrode support arm can be determined. With this evaluation, the mechanical stress on the wall of the electrode support arm can also be detected accordingly.
  • Fig. 1 is an electrode assembly 6 can be seen, which is used in an electric arc furnace.
  • the electrode assembly 6 has a support pole 8 extending vertically.
  • an electrode support arm 1 is arranged, which extends horizontally.
  • an electrode 7 is arranged hanging, over which the arc is generated in the electric arc furnace.
  • the electrode support arm 1 extends in a longitudinal extension L, which in the present case corresponds to the horizontal direction.
  • the power supply of the electrode 7 via a power connector. 9
  • the electrode support arm 1 is made of sheet steel, with which a sufficient mechanical strength is achieved. For the electrical conduction of the current from the power connection 9 to the electrode 7, plating with copper is provided.
  • the Elektrodentragarm 1 is liquid-cooled.
  • the electrode support arm 1 has a cooling channel 10, which flows through a coolant becomes.
  • the media supply lines required for this purpose are not shown.
  • the electrode support arm 1 has a respective bore 5 in its upper and in its lower region (see FIG. FIGS. 2 and 3 ), in which a measuring element 2 is housed, with which the temperature and the voltage can be measured.
  • This is an optical waveguide 3, which is housed in a protective tube 4.
  • the two, still empty holes are in Fig. 3 to see; in this, the optical waveguide is introduced together with tube 4, as it is made Fig. 4 evident.
  • the optical waveguide 3 typically has a diameter of z. B. 0.12 mm; with cladding tube 4 usually results in a diameter in the range of 0.8 mm to 2.0 mm.
  • the optical waveguide 3 consists of a base fiber, which is introduced into the holes 5 or in similar channels or grooves in the electrode support arm 1.
  • the optical waveguide 3 can withstand temperatures up to 800 ° C continuous load.
  • the tube 4 is only optional, not mandatory. In this case, the optical waveguide 3 without tube 4 by the connection to the base material of the electrode support arm 1 expansions is particularly favorable; the same applies to the temperatures that can be well detected by the optical waveguide 3 in the cladding tube 4.
  • a respective bore 5 is provided in the upper and lower region of the electrode support arm 1, in each of which an optical waveguide 3 is introduced. It is also possible in all four side sections of the profile how it looks Fig. 3 indicates to bring holes and place optical fiber 3.
  • the light waves are guided via lens plug from the electrode support arm in the respective rest position to the evaluation unit.
  • optical waveguide 3 - possibly together with tube 4 - in a layer of metallic material or temperature-resistant non-metallic material, which is applied to the electrode support arm 1.
  • the optical waveguide fiber optic sensors in modules, that is, enclosed in prefabricated structural units.
  • the optical fibers are loosely laid in the modules, so that a temperature-induced change in length of the optical waveguide within the module is possible stress-free.
  • the optical waveguides are preferably permanently connected over their entire length to the material of the module or to the housing of the module, so that an expansion of the module or of its housing is transmitted to the optical waveguides.
  • the modules with the optical waveguides are glued or welded onto the electrode support arm and thus actively connected. An elongation or temperature change of the electrode arm is therefore transmitted to the optical waveguide via the module.
  • the modules or the optical waveguides in the modules are suitable to measure the temperature, the mechanical stress or strain and / or - over the time course of the elongation - also the acceleration behavior of the component, in particular of the electrode support arm.
  • a special measuring device may be required, which may be integrated into the module.
  • the strain or acceleration measurements can be used to dampen unwanted vibrations of the component control technology, that is, to correct.
  • the layer can be galvanized (in the case of metal), wherein the optical waveguide 3 together with the tube 4 are completely encased.
  • the galvanic layer may for example consist of copper, chromium or nickel.
  • the optical waveguide 3 is connected to a temperature detection system, not shown, or to a detection system for mechanical stresses or strains. By means of the detection system laser light is generated, which is fed into the optical waveguide 3. The of the optical fiber 3 collected data are converted by means of the detection system into temperatures or voltages and assigned to the different measuring locations.
  • the evaluation can be carried out, for example, according to the so-called fiber Bragg grating method (FBG method).
  • FBG method fiber Bragg grating method
  • suitable optical waveguides are used, the measuring points with a periodic variation of the refractive index or grating get impressed with such variations.
  • This periodic variation of the refractive index leads to the fact that the optical waveguide represents a dielectric mirror as a function of the periodicity for specific wavelengths at the measuring points.
  • the Bragg wavelength is changed and exactly this is reflected.
  • Light that does not satisfy the Bragg condition is not significantly affected by the Bragg grating.
  • the different signals of the different measuring points can then be distinguished from one another on the basis of propagation time differences.
  • the detailed structure of such fiber Bragg gratings and the corresponding evaluation units are well known.
  • the accuracy of the spatial resolution is given by the number of impressed measuring points.
  • the size of a measuring point can be, for example, in the range of 1 mm to 5 mm.
  • the "Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry” method (OFDR method) or the “Optical Time Domain Reflectometry” method (OTDR method) can also be used to measure the temperature.
  • These methods are based on the principle of fiber optic Raman backscatter, taking advantage of the fact that a temperature change at the point of a light guide causes a change in the Raman backscatter of the optical waveguide material.
  • the evaluation unit eg a Raman reflectometer
  • the temperature values along a fiber can then be determined in a spatially resolved manner, with this method averaging over a specific length of the conductor. This length is about a few centimeters.
  • the different measuring points are in turn separated by differences in transit time.
  • the structure of such systems for evaluation according to the said methods is well known, as are the necessary lasers which generate the laser light within the optical waveguide 3.
  • the largest adjusting lever for vibration compensation is usually the regulation of the adjusting cylinder of the height control of the support arm (see in particular the above-mentioned DE 36 08 338 A1 ).
  • This height control can be used to compensate for the vibrations and deformations identified by the strain measurement.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Bras porte-électrodes (1) d'un four de fusion pour l'industrie métallurgique, en particulier d'un four électrique à arc, dans lequel le bras porte-électrodes (1) est munir d'au moins un élément de mesure (2) pour la mesure d'une valeur physique, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de mesure (2) est conçu pour la mesure de la température et/ou de l'allongement mécanique du bras porte-électrodes (1), l'élément de mesure (2) comprenant au moins un câble à fibre optique (3) qui s'étend au moins par tronçons sur l'étendue longitudinale (L) du bras porte-électrodes (1).
  2. Bras porte-électrodes selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de mesure sous la forme du câble à fibre optique (3), à des fins de mesure de la température, est disposé à l'état relâché en l'absence de tension et en l'absence de mouvement dans ou contre le bras porte-électrodes ou, à des fins de la mesure de l'allongement, est disposé - de préférence sur sa longueur totale - en liaison opérationnelle avec la matière du bras porte-électrodes pour l'absorption des allongements de ce dernier.
  3. Bras porte-électrodes selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par un mécanisme de mesure pour l'enregistrement de l'allure temporelle des allongements du bras porte-électrodes et pour la détermination du comportement d'accélération du bras porte-électrodes à partir de l'allure temporelle enregistrée des allongements.
  4. Bras porte-électrodes selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le câble à fibre optique (3) est disposé dans un module qui est relié à demeure en liaison opérationnelle avec le bras porte-électrodes, le câble à fibre optique étant disposé, à des fins de mesure de la température, en l'absence de tension et de mouvement, ou à des fins de mesure de l'allongement, à l'état fermement encastré, dans le module.
  5. Bras porte-électrodes selon les revendications 3 et 4, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme de mesure pour la détermination du comportement d'accélération du bras porte-électrodes est intégré dans le module pour la mesure de l'allongement.
  6. Bras porte-électrodes selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le câble à fibre optique (3) et/ou un tube (4) qui l'entoure le cas échéant est/sont disposé(s) dans un alésage (5) dans le bras porte-électrodes (1).
  7. Bras porte-électrodes selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le câble à fibre optique (3) et un tube (4) qui l'entoure le cas échéant sont disposés dans une rainure dans le bras porte-électrodes (1).
  8. Bras porte-électrodes selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la rainure est fermée par un élément de fermeture qui maintient le câble à fibre optique (3) et le tube (4) qui l'entoure le cas échéant, à la base de la rainure, l'élément de fermeture représentant en particulier une pièce métallique incorporée dans la rainure ou une pièce métallique coulée dans la rainure, qui est reliée à la rainure de préférence via un soudage par friction-malaxage.
  9. Bras porte-électrodes selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le câble à fibre optique (3) et/ou le tube (4) qui l'entoure le cas échéant est/sont disposé(s) dans une couche, la couche étant disposée contre ou dans le bras porte-électrodes (1).
  10. Bras porte-électrodes selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la couche est constituée d'un métal, de préférence de cuivre, de chrome ou de nickel ou est constituée d'une matière non métallique qui résiste à la température.
  11. Bras porte-électrodes selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que le câble à fibre optique (3) et le tube (4) qui l'entoure le cas échéant sont entourés complètement par la matière de la couche.
  12. Bras porte-électrodes selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la couche est appliquée par galvanisation contre le bras porte-électrodes (1) ou dans ce dernier.
  13. Bras porte-électrodes selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la couche est appliquée sous la forme d'une enduction par pulvérisation ou d'une enduction chimique contre le bras porte-électrodes (1) ou dans ce dernier.
EP11703657.4A 2010-02-18 2011-02-08 Bras de support pour une électrode d'un four de fusion métallurgique Active EP2536988B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010008503 2010-02-18
DE102010025236A DE102010025236A1 (de) 2010-02-18 2010-06-26 Elektrodentragarm eines schmelzmetallurgischen Ofens
PCT/EP2011/051773 WO2011101271A1 (fr) 2010-02-18 2011-02-08 Bras de support d'électrode d'un four de fusion métallurgique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2536988A1 EP2536988A1 (fr) 2012-12-26
EP2536988B1 true EP2536988B1 (fr) 2016-08-31

Family

ID=44317376

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11703657.4A Active EP2536988B1 (fr) 2010-02-18 2011-02-08 Bras de support pour une électrode d'un four de fusion métallurgique

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20120327968A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2536988B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20120128645A (fr)
CN (1) CN102762946A (fr)
BR (1) BR112012020837A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010025236A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2605681T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2012139839A (fr)
WO (1) WO2011101271A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2636978A1 (fr) * 2012-03-06 2013-09-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fonctionnement d'un four à arc et installation de fusion dotée d'un four à arc fonctionnant selon ce procédé
ES2671450T3 (es) * 2012-09-24 2018-06-06 Sms Group Gmbh Procedimiento para operar un horno de arco
RU2601846C2 (ru) * 2014-09-09 2016-11-10 Игорь Михайлович Бершицкий Электрододержатель дуговой электропечи
FR3147803A1 (fr) * 2023-04-12 2024-10-18 Saint-Gobain Isover four verrier

Family Cites Families (14)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH623920A5 (en) 1977-10-17 1981-06-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Arrangement for preventing electrode breaks in an arc furnace
CH630717A5 (en) 1977-10-17 1982-06-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Arrangement for preventing electrode breakages in an arc furnace
AT373177B (de) 1982-05-12 1983-12-27 Ver Edelstahlwerke Ag Einrichtung zur durchfuehrung von umschmelzverfahren mit selbstverzehrenden elektroden
DE3231740A1 (de) * 1982-08-26 1984-03-01 C. Conradty Nürnberg GmbH & Co KG, 8505 Röthenbach Elektrode fuer lichtbogenoefen
FR2534691A1 (fr) * 1982-10-15 1984-04-20 Clecim Sa Dispositif de mesure de tension d'arc sur un four electrique
DE3608338A1 (de) 1986-03-13 1987-09-17 Fuchs Systemtechnik Gmbh Hydraulischer stellantrieb fuer einen elektrodentragarm eines lichtbogenofens
US4893895A (en) * 1988-04-05 1990-01-16 The Babcock & Wilcox Company An improved encased high temperature optical fiber
DE19856765A1 (de) * 1998-11-30 2000-06-15 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Erfassung der Nutzungsminderung von Bauteilen an Lichtbogenöfen
US6377604B1 (en) * 2000-11-09 2002-04-23 Dixie Arc, Inc. Current-conducting arm for an electric arc furnace
CN100371670C (zh) * 2002-01-24 2008-02-27 赫罗伊斯·坦尼沃有限责任公司 电阻炉
DE50312058D1 (de) 2002-08-28 2009-12-03 Arndt Dung Verfahren und vorrichtungen zur überwachung des von einem anstellzylinder herrührenden, eine auswechselbare elektrode am elektrodentragarm festlegenden spanndrucks
CN1548932A (zh) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-24 张立国 光电式温度传感装置
JP4706475B2 (ja) * 2005-12-28 2011-06-22 日立電線株式会社 光学式センサを用いた測定方法
DE102009049479B4 (de) 2009-06-08 2024-07-04 Sms Group Gmbh Einbindung eines Lichtwellenleiters eines Messsensors in ein Bauteil

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20120128645A (ko) 2012-11-27
BR112012020837A2 (pt) 2018-03-27
WO2011101271A1 (fr) 2011-08-25
US20120327968A1 (en) 2012-12-27
RU2012139839A (ru) 2014-03-27
EP2536988A1 (fr) 2012-12-26
ES2605681T3 (es) 2017-03-15
DE102010025236A1 (de) 2011-08-18
CN102762946A (zh) 2012-10-31

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