EP2531306B1 - Optoelektronisches bearbeiten eines teilchenstroms aus benutzem kunststoffmaterial - Google Patents

Optoelektronisches bearbeiten eines teilchenstroms aus benutzem kunststoffmaterial Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2531306B1
EP2531306B1 EP11708529.0A EP11708529A EP2531306B1 EP 2531306 B1 EP2531306 B1 EP 2531306B1 EP 11708529 A EP11708529 A EP 11708529A EP 2531306 B1 EP2531306 B1 EP 2531306B1
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Prior art keywords
particles
stream
curtain
colored
recycled
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2531306A2 (de
Inventor
Hugues De Feraudy
Sophie Heymans
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Galloo Plastics SA
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Galloo Plastics SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3422Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour using video scanning devices, e.g. TV-cameras
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3425Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/363Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the continuous optoelectronic treatment of used synthetic organic material streams, recyclable in the fields of plastics, in a fragmented form of particles made homogeneous in composition but heterogeneous in coloring, which consists in sorting and to eliminate from these homogeneous flows, in continuous motion, colored particles in their mass, in particular those stained by cadmium compounds.
  • the invention also relates to a device for optoelectronic treatment of a stream of used synthetic organic materials for recovery by recycling, in a fragmented form of particles, which sorts and eliminates from this flow in continuous motion the particles of said colored materials. in their mass, in particular, by cadmium compounds.
  • the invention finally relates to the use of the process of optoelectronic treatment of a stream of used synthetic organic materials, to be recycled, in a fragmented form of particles for continuously sorting and removing particles of said colored materials. in their mass and in particular, those stained by cadmium compounds.
  • the used synthetic organic materials concerned are generally derived from the destruction by grinding of automobiles and end-of-life durable consumer goods, in which a multiplicity of types of synthetic organic materials such as thermoplastic polymers and / or copolymers , whether or not charged, flame retarded or not, whether or not added, colored or not, are to be considered as recyclable, that is to say industrially recoverable, and in which a multiplicity of other materials are considered as troublesome contaminants which must be be eliminated, such as metals, minerals and other contaminants physically accompanying them or contained for some in the mass of said used organic synthesis materials to be valued.
  • synthetic organic materials such as thermoplastic polymers and / or copolymers , whether or not charged, flame retarded or not, whether or not added, colored or not, are to be considered as recyclable, that is to say industrially recoverable, and in which a multiplicity of other materials are considered as troublesome contaminants which must be be eliminated, such as metals, minerals and other contaminants physically accompanying them or contained for some in the mass of said used organic synthesis materials to
  • the invention relates, therefore and primarily, to a method of optoelectronic treatment of continuous flow of particles of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled, which is in a fragmented form of particles made previously homogeneous in composition, this process consisting in eliminating these homogeneous flows, the colored particles in the mass of said materials, in particular those stained by cadmium compounds whose standardized content must be less than 100 ppm.
  • each stream of used organic synthesis material particles to be recycled has been made almost homogeneous in chemical composition, each of these streams is recyclable by the techniques of the plastics industry, provided however that these streams are regulated by regulations free of colored particles in the mass by cadmium compounds whose standardized content, for this element, must be less than 100 ppm.
  • the largest dimension of the particles of used organic synthesis materials recycled to form bulk flows rendered virtually homogeneous in composition and entering said processes is between 2 and 40 mm, preferably between 4 and 12 mm and very preferably between 6 and 10 mm.
  • step a) concerns the transformation in a suitable zone by an appropriate means of a continuous flow in bulk. particles of used organic synthesis materials for recycling, almost homogeneous composition in a monolayer flow of particles of said materials, forming a curtain separated from each other and flowing in free fall.
  • the appropriate means for transforming a bulk particle stream into an organized monolayer flow of said particles may be selected from the treadmills, vibrating, horizontal or inclined conveyors, ascending or descending, receiving the bulk particle stream via static or dynamic hoppers, whose flow rate is controlled.
  • the hourly flow rate of the appropriate means transforming a stream of bulk particles, almost homogeneous in composition into a monolayer curtain-shaped stream of said particles is at most 20 T / h, preferably 1 to 5 Tons / h. This flow rate remains the same throughout the course of each step of the method according to the invention.
  • the continuous organization of the monolayer of particles of said materials to be recycled, almost homogeneous in composition, is such that the particles deposited on the appropriate means for converting a bulk flow into a monolayer curtain are at most in contact with each other. others without overlapping, and preferentially separated by an empty space.
  • the organized monolayer of particles of said materials to be recycled is released continuously from said means in a free fall, forming the single-layer curtain of particles of said materials to be recycled.
  • the organized monolayer of particles of said materials to be recycled can pass through an intermediate phase of an inclined plane placed between the outlet of the appropriate means of organization of the monolayer. of particles and release in a free fall, forming a curtain of said monolayer.
  • the monolayer curtain in a free fall formed of particles of organic materials to be recycled, almost homogeneous in composition but heterogeneous in color by the presence in the mass of certain colored particles, in particular by cadmium compounds, flows in free fall continuously in an observation and optical recording zone formed by at least two cameras, placed facing each other, on either side of said curtain of particles, these cameras recording the double-sided images of each particle present in said curtain.
  • the cameras are adjusted to the chromatic color values of the colored compounds present in the mass of the colored particles to be eliminated.
  • the color values imposed on the cameras correspond to the three yellow-orange-red colors.
  • said flow in the form of monolayer curtain in free fall takes a substantially vertical trajectory in the zone provided with optoelectronic observation and recording means; this facilitates the digital processing of the data by the information analysis and transmission means, in particular for determining the coordinates in time and space of each particle for disposal by the removal means.
  • the elimination means may be chosen from those existing in the state of the art, such as a mechanical ejection means or a liquid medium, such as high-pressure water jet or a gaseous medium such as a jet of water. compressed air, each of these means being sufficiently precise to eliminate each colored particle that must be, without simultaneously causing particles that should not be, these collateral eliminations to be limited to the extreme, or even completely controlled.
  • the invention also relates to a device for optoelectronic treatment of a stream of used synthetic organic materials, to be recovered by recycling, which is in a fragmented form of particles that are almost homogeneous in composition, which sorts and eliminates from this stream a continuous movement of particles of said materials stained in their mass, in particular by cadmium compounds.
  • an inclined plane can be set up between the means for transforming a continuous stream of bulk particles into a continuous stream in the form of a single-layer curtain of said particles, flowing in free fall , to help the formation and control the free fall.
  • said stream in the form of monolayer curtain in free fall takes a substantially vertical trajectory in the zone provided with optoelectronic observation and recording means.
  • the invention finally relates to the use of the device and the method for eliminating from a stream of used particles to be recycled, almost homogeneous in composition, those of the particles colored in their mass by compounds, in particular cadmium.
  • the process according to the invention makes it possible to reduce substantially the content of a flow of fragmented particles of organic synthesis materials into colored particles.
  • its cadmium content which is typically present as cadmium compounds having a characteristic color, can be lowered to less than 20 mass ppm, and preferably less than 10 mass ppm.
  • the process makes it possible to lower an initial cadmium content of 80 -150 mass ppm in the incoming stream of particles at 10-20 ppm.
  • ABS particles had their largest dimension between 4 and 12 mm. This flow of ABS particles still contained some contaminating materials such as rubbers at 2% to 4% by weight.
  • the flow rate of the ABS particle stream by optoelectronic processing was set at 1 ton per hour.
  • step (a) of the method the bulk flow of ABS particles containing ABS particles colored in the mass by cadmium compounds, feeds a hopper (1) which in turn discharges the flow of said particles on a vibrating carpet (2) downstream.
  • This vibrating mat transforms the continuous stream of bulk ABS particles into a monolayer curtain stream (3) whose constituent particles are separated from each other.
  • the monolayer curtain-shaped flow slides along an inclined plane (4) on which the monolayer curtain of ABS particles remains formed and improves in its organization.
  • the monolayer curtain-shaped flow Downstream of the inclined plane (4), the monolayer curtain-shaped flow is released from the inclined plane and freely falls along a path (5) which can become substantially vertical.
  • the monolayer curtain-shaped flow is released as soon as the downstream outlet (3) of the vibrating belt (2) and the flow path in the form of a single-layer curtain very quickly takes a substantially vertical trend.
  • step (b) the flow in the form of monolayer curtain in free fall along the substantially vertical trajectory (5) passes into an optoelectronic observation and recording zone comprising at least two cameras (6) and (7) ) placed next to each other, on either side of the stream of curtain-shaped particles, which record the two-sided images of each particle in said curtain.
  • the cameras (6) and (7) transmit the two-sided images of the particles forming the curtain (5) to a set of computer processing means of images comprising software and algorithms ensuring real-time online detection of particles colored in the mass by cadmium compounds, determining the coordinates in time and space of each colored particle to be removed from the curtain of particles and the transmission of this information to means of removing (8) and (9) the colored particles in the mass and separating the colored particles that are removed in a receptacle (10) while the flow of unstained particles is received in the receptacle (11).
  • the initial cadmium content was lowered from 80-150 ppm by weight to 10-20 ppm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Unterbrechungsfreies opto-elektrisches Verarbeitungsverfahren von Partikelströmen aus zu recycelnden, gebrauchten, organischen Synthesematerialien, die sich in Form von fragmentierten Partikeln darstellen, die in der Zusammensetzung praktisch homogen gemacht wurden, jedoch in der Färbung durch das Vorhandensein von in ihrer Masse gefärbten Partikeln, insbesondere durch Bestandteile aus Kadmium, heterogen bleiben, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren zum Ausscheiden der gefärbten Partikel des Partikelstroms aus zu recycelnden organischen Synthesematerialien, die Stufen umfasst:
    (a) der Umwandlung eines unterbrechungsfreien Stroms aus losen Partikeln aus zu recycelnden, gebrauchten, organischen Synthesematerialien in einem Bereich und durch ein geeignetes Mittel, die in der Zusammensetzung homogen sind, in einen in Form eines einschichtigen Vorhangs aus voneinander getrennten Partikeln organisierten Strom, der in freiem Fall gemäß einem bestimmten Durchsatz abläuft,
    (b) des Durchlaufs des Stroms in Form eines einschichtigen Vorhangs aus Partikeln, die in freiem Fall in einem Bereich mit Mitteln zur opto-elektrischen Beobachtung und Registrierung ausgestattet sind, welche einander gegenüber und auf jeder Seite des Stroms in Form eines einschichtigen Vorhangs aus Partikeln platziert sind, die die beidseitigen Bilder jedes in dem Vorhang vorhandenen Partikels registrieren,
    (c) der Übertragung der beidseitigen Bilder jedes Partikels des Stroms in Form eines Vorhangs in Echtzeit durch die opto-elektrischen Mittel auf Verarbeitungssoftware und Algorithmen der Bilder, die online das Vorhandensein der Partikel aus gefärbten organischen Synthesematerialien erfassen und die Koordinaten jedes auszuscheidenden farbigen Partikels des Partikelvorhangs in Zeit und Raum erfassen,
    (d) der Übertragung der Koordinaten jedes auszuscheidenden gefärbten Partikels des Partikelvorhangs in Echtzeit durch Software und Algorithmen auf ein Ausscheidungsmittel, das jeden gefärbten Partikel ausscheidet und einen Partikelstrom aus organischen, zu recycelnden gebrauchten Synthesematerialien, die in der Zusammensetzung und in der Farbe homogen sind, freisetzt.
  2. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Strom aus organischen, zu recycelnden, gebrauchten Synthesematerialien aus Zerkleinerungsrückständen mit abgelaufener Nutzungsdauer, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeugen, Haushaltselektronik, elektronischem Material stammt, das von seinen Kontaminanten befreit und in der Zusammensetzung homogen gemacht wurde.
  3. Verfahren gemäß dem einen oder dem anderen Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die größte Abmessung der Partikel aus organischen, zu recycelnden, gebrauchten Synthesematerialien, die in der Zusammensetzung homogen gemacht wurden, zwischen 2 und 40 mm, bevorzugt zwischen 4 und 12 mm und ganz besonders bevorzugt zwischen 6 und 10 mm inbegriffen ist.
  4. Verfahren gemäß wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umwandlung eines Stroms von losen organischen, zu recycelnden, gebrauchten und in der Zusammensetzung homogenen Synthesematerialien in einem in Form eines einschichtigen Partikelvorhangs organisierten Strom anhand von horizontalen oder geneigten, auf- oder absteigenden Rollbändern, Rüttelbändern erfolgt.
  5. Verfahren gemäß wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der in Form eines einschichtigen Vorhangs aus Partikeln der genannten zu recycelnden Materialien der Stufe (a) organisierte Strom eine Zwischenphase von einer geneigten, zwischen dem Ausgang des geeigneten Organisationsmittels der einschichtigen Partikelschicht und der Freisetzung in einem freien Fall des genannten einschichten Partikelvorhangs durchläuft.
  6. Verfahren gemäß wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der genannte Strom in Form eines einschichtigen Vorhangs im freien Fall eine deutlich vertikale Bahn in dem genannten, mit Mitteln zur opto-elektronischen Beobachtung und Registrierung versehenen Bereich nimmt.
  7. Verfahren gemäß wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die opto-elektronischen Registrierungsmittel auf die Farbwerte der Farben der in der Masse der auszuscheidenden farbigen Partikel vorhandenen farbigen Bestandteile gemäß den Spektralkoordinaten L, a, b der Spektrophoto-Kolorimetrie eingestellt sind.
  8. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die opto-elektronischen Registrierungsmittel auf die Farbwerte der Farben gelb, orange, rot eingestellt sind, wenn die farbigen Bestandteile Bestandteile aus Kadmium sind.
  9. Verfahren gemäß wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ausscheidungsmittel aus den mechanischen Auswurfmitteln, den flüssigen Auswurfmitteln unter hohem Druck, insbesondere Wasser, gashaltigen Auswurfmitteln, insbesondere Druckluftstrahlen, ausgewählt ist.
  10. Verfahren gemäß wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die stündliche Fluss der Partikelstrom in Form eines einschichtisgen Vorhangs ist höchstens 20 Tonnen/Stunde und vorzugsweise zwischen 1 und 5 Tonnen/Stunde.
  11. Unterbrechungsfreie opto-elektronische Verarbeitungsvorrichtung eines Partikelstroms aus organischen, zu recycelnden, gebrauchten Materialien, die sich in Form von fragmentierten Partikeln darstellen, welche zuvor in der Zusammensetzung praktisch homogen gemacht wurden, jedoch in der Färbung durch das Vorhandensein von in ihrer Masse gefärbten Partikeln, insbesondere durch Bestandteile aus Kadmium, heterogen geblieben sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es umfasst:
    (a) Mittel zur Umwandlung eines unterbrechungsfreien Stroms von losen Partikeln aus organischen, zu recycelnden, in der Zusammensetzung praktisch homogenen Synthesematerialien in einen Strom in Form eines einschichtigen Vorhangs der genannten, voneinander getrennten Partikel, wobei dieser einschichtige Strom gemäß einem bestimmten Durchsatz in freiem Fall abfließt;
    (b) opto-elektronische Mittel zur Beobachtung und Registrierung der einen einschichtigen Vorhang bildenden Partikel im freien Fall und die aus wenigstens zwei die beidseitigen Bilder jedes Partikels aufzeichnenden und die diese beidseitigen Bilder in Echtzeit übertragenden Kameras gebildet sind, die einander gegenüber auf jeder Seite des Partikelvorhangs gebildet sind ;
    (c) Informatikmittel, Software und Algorithmen, die in Echtzeit die beidseitigen Bilder jedes Partikels des Vorhangs im freien Fall aufnehmen, das Vorhandensein der in ihrer Masse gefärbten Partikel, insbesondre der Bestandteile aus Kadmium, erfassen und die Koordinaten jedes aus dem Vorhang auszuscheidenden Partikels in Zeit und Raum bestimmen;
    (d) Informatikmittel, Algorithmus-, Übertragungsmittel und -software in Echtzeitauf ein Ausscheidungsmittel der durch Bestandteile aus Kadmium gefärbten Partikel, Informationen in Bezug auf das Vorhandensein jedes farbigen, in dem einschichtigen Vorhang aus Partikeln vorhandenen Partikels und der Koordinaten in Zeit und Raum jedes in dem genannten Vorhang aus durch das Ausscheidungsmittel auszuscheidenden Partikel vorhandenen farbigen Partikels.
  12. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umwandlungsmittel eines unterbrechungsfreien Stroms von losen Partikeln aus organischen, zu recycelnden, gebrauchten, in ihrer Zusammensetzung praktisch homogenen Synthesematerialien in einen Strom in Form eines in freiem Fall abfließenden einschichtigen Vorhangs aus ab- oder aufsteigenden, horizontalen Rüttelbändern, Rollbändern ausgewählt sind, die durch den Strom aus den genannten losen Partikeln aufnehmenden und ihn in einen Strom in Form eines einschichtigen Vorhangs umwandenden Vorratsbehälter versorgt werden.
  13. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausscheidungsmittel der in dem einschichtigen Vorhang aus Partikeln in freiem Fall vorhandenen farbigen Partikel aus Mitteln zum mechanischen, flüssigen, insbesondere Wasserstrahl unter hohem Druck, gasförmigen, insbesondere Druckluftstrahl, Auswurf gebildet sind, die zum Stand der Technik gehören, wobei diese Mittel in Echtzeit durch die Informatikmittel alle Informationen in Bezug auf jeden auszuscheidenden farbigen Partikel empfangen, d. h. die Koordination jedes in dem Vorhang aus Partikeln in freiem Fall ausgemachten farbigen Partikels in Zeit und Raum.
  14. Vorrichtung gemäß wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine geneigte Ebene zwischen dem Umwandlungsmittel eines unterbrechungsfreien Stroms von losen Partikeln in einen unterbrechungsfreien Strom in Form eines einschichtigen Vorhangs platziert ist, der in freiem Fall abfließt, um zur Bildung und Kontrolle des freien Falls beizutragen.
  15. Vorrichtung gemäß wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der genannte Strom in Form eines einschichtigen Vorhangs in freiem Fall eine deutlich vertikale Bahn in dem mit Mitteln zur opto-elektronischen Beobachtung und Registrierung versehenen Bereich einschlägt.
  16. Verwendung des Verfahrens gemäß Anspruch 1 bis 10 zum Ausscheiden der in der Masse durch Bestandteile aus Kadmium, bevorzugt bis zu einem Massegehalt von weniger als 20 Massen-ppm Kadmium gefärbten Partikel aus einem Strom aus in der Zusammensetzung homogenen, zu recycelnden, gebrauchten Partikeln.
EP11708529.0A 2010-02-05 2011-02-04 Optoelektronisches bearbeiten eines teilchenstroms aus benutzem kunststoffmaterial Active EP2531306B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1000468A FR2956043B1 (fr) 2010-02-05 2010-02-05 Traitement optoelectronique d'un flux de particules de materiaux organiques de synthese usages
PCT/FR2011/000070 WO2011095711A2 (fr) 2010-02-05 2011-02-04 Traitement optoélectronique d'un flux de particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés

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EP2531306A2 EP2531306A2 (de) 2012-12-12
EP2531306B1 true EP2531306B1 (de) 2015-04-08

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EP (1) EP2531306B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2544438T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2956043B1 (de)
PT (1) PT2531306E (de)
WO (1) WO2011095711A2 (de)

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CN114733777A (zh) * 2022-04-01 2022-07-12 广州珐玛珈智能设备股份有限公司 一种用于数粒机的全局视觉外观识别检筛设备

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FR2751262B1 (fr) 1996-07-22 1998-09-11 Gp Sarl Procede et installation pour separer des materiaux polymeres, polystyrene et abs obtenus
JP4293346B2 (ja) * 2003-02-19 2009-07-08 マツダ株式会社 樹脂材の再成形方法および樹脂材粉砕片の選別装置
JP4682971B2 (ja) * 2006-02-10 2011-05-11 マツダ株式会社 塗膜付き樹脂材の塗膜剥離選別方法及び装置
JP5056056B2 (ja) * 2007-02-20 2012-10-24 マツダ株式会社 熱可塑性樹脂成形品廃材の再資源化方法

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FR2956043B1 (fr) 2013-08-09
WO2011095711A3 (fr) 2011-11-10
WO2011095711A2 (fr) 2011-08-11
FR2956043A1 (fr) 2011-08-12
EP2531306A2 (de) 2012-12-12
PT2531306E (pt) 2015-08-26
ES2544438T3 (es) 2015-08-31

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