EP2531306B1 - Optoelectronical treatment of a particle flow of used plastic materials - Google Patents
Optoelectronical treatment of a particle flow of used plastic materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2531306B1 EP2531306B1 EP11708529.0A EP11708529A EP2531306B1 EP 2531306 B1 EP2531306 B1 EP 2531306B1 EP 11708529 A EP11708529 A EP 11708529A EP 2531306 B1 EP2531306 B1 EP 2531306B1
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- Prior art keywords
- particles
- stream
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- colored
- recycled
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 181
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
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- 150000001662 cadmium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 12
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- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
- B07C5/3422—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour using video scanning devices, e.g. TV-cameras
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
- B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the continuous optoelectronic treatment of used synthetic organic material streams, recyclable in the fields of plastics, in a fragmented form of particles made homogeneous in composition but heterogeneous in coloring, which consists in sorting and to eliminate from these homogeneous flows, in continuous motion, colored particles in their mass, in particular those stained by cadmium compounds.
- the invention also relates to a device for optoelectronic treatment of a stream of used synthetic organic materials for recovery by recycling, in a fragmented form of particles, which sorts and eliminates from this flow in continuous motion the particles of said colored materials. in their mass, in particular, by cadmium compounds.
- the invention finally relates to the use of the process of optoelectronic treatment of a stream of used synthetic organic materials, to be recycled, in a fragmented form of particles for continuously sorting and removing particles of said colored materials. in their mass and in particular, those stained by cadmium compounds.
- the used synthetic organic materials concerned are generally derived from the destruction by grinding of automobiles and end-of-life durable consumer goods, in which a multiplicity of types of synthetic organic materials such as thermoplastic polymers and / or copolymers , whether or not charged, flame retarded or not, whether or not added, colored or not, are to be considered as recyclable, that is to say industrially recoverable, and in which a multiplicity of other materials are considered as troublesome contaminants which must be be eliminated, such as metals, minerals and other contaminants physically accompanying them or contained for some in the mass of said used organic synthesis materials to be valued.
- synthetic organic materials such as thermoplastic polymers and / or copolymers , whether or not charged, flame retarded or not, whether or not added, colored or not, are to be considered as recyclable, that is to say industrially recoverable, and in which a multiplicity of other materials are considered as troublesome contaminants which must be be eliminated, such as metals, minerals and other contaminants physically accompanying them or contained for some in the mass of said used organic synthesis materials to
- the invention relates, therefore and primarily, to a method of optoelectronic treatment of continuous flow of particles of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled, which is in a fragmented form of particles made previously homogeneous in composition, this process consisting in eliminating these homogeneous flows, the colored particles in the mass of said materials, in particular those stained by cadmium compounds whose standardized content must be less than 100 ppm.
- each stream of used organic synthesis material particles to be recycled has been made almost homogeneous in chemical composition, each of these streams is recyclable by the techniques of the plastics industry, provided however that these streams are regulated by regulations free of colored particles in the mass by cadmium compounds whose standardized content, for this element, must be less than 100 ppm.
- the largest dimension of the particles of used organic synthesis materials recycled to form bulk flows rendered virtually homogeneous in composition and entering said processes is between 2 and 40 mm, preferably between 4 and 12 mm and very preferably between 6 and 10 mm.
- step a) concerns the transformation in a suitable zone by an appropriate means of a continuous flow in bulk. particles of used organic synthesis materials for recycling, almost homogeneous composition in a monolayer flow of particles of said materials, forming a curtain separated from each other and flowing in free fall.
- the appropriate means for transforming a bulk particle stream into an organized monolayer flow of said particles may be selected from the treadmills, vibrating, horizontal or inclined conveyors, ascending or descending, receiving the bulk particle stream via static or dynamic hoppers, whose flow rate is controlled.
- the hourly flow rate of the appropriate means transforming a stream of bulk particles, almost homogeneous in composition into a monolayer curtain-shaped stream of said particles is at most 20 T / h, preferably 1 to 5 Tons / h. This flow rate remains the same throughout the course of each step of the method according to the invention.
- the continuous organization of the monolayer of particles of said materials to be recycled, almost homogeneous in composition, is such that the particles deposited on the appropriate means for converting a bulk flow into a monolayer curtain are at most in contact with each other. others without overlapping, and preferentially separated by an empty space.
- the organized monolayer of particles of said materials to be recycled is released continuously from said means in a free fall, forming the single-layer curtain of particles of said materials to be recycled.
- the organized monolayer of particles of said materials to be recycled can pass through an intermediate phase of an inclined plane placed between the outlet of the appropriate means of organization of the monolayer. of particles and release in a free fall, forming a curtain of said monolayer.
- the monolayer curtain in a free fall formed of particles of organic materials to be recycled, almost homogeneous in composition but heterogeneous in color by the presence in the mass of certain colored particles, in particular by cadmium compounds, flows in free fall continuously in an observation and optical recording zone formed by at least two cameras, placed facing each other, on either side of said curtain of particles, these cameras recording the double-sided images of each particle present in said curtain.
- the cameras are adjusted to the chromatic color values of the colored compounds present in the mass of the colored particles to be eliminated.
- the color values imposed on the cameras correspond to the three yellow-orange-red colors.
- said flow in the form of monolayer curtain in free fall takes a substantially vertical trajectory in the zone provided with optoelectronic observation and recording means; this facilitates the digital processing of the data by the information analysis and transmission means, in particular for determining the coordinates in time and space of each particle for disposal by the removal means.
- the elimination means may be chosen from those existing in the state of the art, such as a mechanical ejection means or a liquid medium, such as high-pressure water jet or a gaseous medium such as a jet of water. compressed air, each of these means being sufficiently precise to eliminate each colored particle that must be, without simultaneously causing particles that should not be, these collateral eliminations to be limited to the extreme, or even completely controlled.
- the invention also relates to a device for optoelectronic treatment of a stream of used synthetic organic materials, to be recovered by recycling, which is in a fragmented form of particles that are almost homogeneous in composition, which sorts and eliminates from this stream a continuous movement of particles of said materials stained in their mass, in particular by cadmium compounds.
- an inclined plane can be set up between the means for transforming a continuous stream of bulk particles into a continuous stream in the form of a single-layer curtain of said particles, flowing in free fall , to help the formation and control the free fall.
- said stream in the form of monolayer curtain in free fall takes a substantially vertical trajectory in the zone provided with optoelectronic observation and recording means.
- the invention finally relates to the use of the device and the method for eliminating from a stream of used particles to be recycled, almost homogeneous in composition, those of the particles colored in their mass by compounds, in particular cadmium.
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to reduce substantially the content of a flow of fragmented particles of organic synthesis materials into colored particles.
- its cadmium content which is typically present as cadmium compounds having a characteristic color, can be lowered to less than 20 mass ppm, and preferably less than 10 mass ppm.
- the process makes it possible to lower an initial cadmium content of 80 -150 mass ppm in the incoming stream of particles at 10-20 ppm.
- ABS particles had their largest dimension between 4 and 12 mm. This flow of ABS particles still contained some contaminating materials such as rubbers at 2% to 4% by weight.
- the flow rate of the ABS particle stream by optoelectronic processing was set at 1 ton per hour.
- step (a) of the method the bulk flow of ABS particles containing ABS particles colored in the mass by cadmium compounds, feeds a hopper (1) which in turn discharges the flow of said particles on a vibrating carpet (2) downstream.
- This vibrating mat transforms the continuous stream of bulk ABS particles into a monolayer curtain stream (3) whose constituent particles are separated from each other.
- the monolayer curtain-shaped flow slides along an inclined plane (4) on which the monolayer curtain of ABS particles remains formed and improves in its organization.
- the monolayer curtain-shaped flow Downstream of the inclined plane (4), the monolayer curtain-shaped flow is released from the inclined plane and freely falls along a path (5) which can become substantially vertical.
- the monolayer curtain-shaped flow is released as soon as the downstream outlet (3) of the vibrating belt (2) and the flow path in the form of a single-layer curtain very quickly takes a substantially vertical trend.
- step (b) the flow in the form of monolayer curtain in free fall along the substantially vertical trajectory (5) passes into an optoelectronic observation and recording zone comprising at least two cameras (6) and (7) ) placed next to each other, on either side of the stream of curtain-shaped particles, which record the two-sided images of each particle in said curtain.
- the cameras (6) and (7) transmit the two-sided images of the particles forming the curtain (5) to a set of computer processing means of images comprising software and algorithms ensuring real-time online detection of particles colored in the mass by cadmium compounds, determining the coordinates in time and space of each colored particle to be removed from the curtain of particles and the transmission of this information to means of removing (8) and (9) the colored particles in the mass and separating the colored particles that are removed in a receptacle (10) while the flow of unstained particles is received in the receptacle (11).
- the initial cadmium content was lowered from 80-150 ppm by weight to 10-20 ppm.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement optoélectronique en continu de flux de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés, recyclable dans les domaines de la plasturgie, se présentant sous une forme fragmentée de particules rendues homogènes en composition mais hétérogène en coloration, qui consiste à trier et à éliminer de ces flux homogènes, en mouvement continu, des particules colorées dans leur masse, en particulier, celles colorées par des composés du cadmium.The invention relates to a process for the continuous optoelectronic treatment of used synthetic organic material streams, recyclable in the fields of plastics, in a fragmented form of particles made homogeneous in composition but heterogeneous in coloring, which consists in sorting and to eliminate from these homogeneous flows, in continuous motion, colored particles in their mass, in particular those stained by cadmium compounds.
L'invention concerne également un dispositif de traitement optoélectronique d'un flux de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés, à valoriser par recyclage, se présentant sous une forme fragmentée de particules, qui trie et élimine de ce flux en mouvement continu les particules desdits matériaux colorées dans leur masse, en particulier, par des composés du cadmium.The invention also relates to a device for optoelectronic treatment of a stream of used synthetic organic materials for recovery by recycling, in a fragmented form of particles, which sorts and eliminates from this flow in continuous motion the particles of said colored materials. in their mass, in particular, by cadmium compounds.
L'invention concerne enfin l'utilisation du procédé de traitement optoélectronique d'un flux de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés, à valoriser par recyclage, se présentant sous une forme fragmentée de particules pour en trier et en éliminer en continu des particules desdits matériaux colorées dans leur masse et en particulier, celles colorées par des composés du cadmium.The invention finally relates to the use of the process of optoelectronic treatment of a stream of used synthetic organic materials, to be recycled, in a fragmented form of particles for continuously sorting and removing particles of said colored materials. in their mass and in particular, those stained by cadmium compounds.
Les matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés concernés sont généralement issus de la destruction par broyage d'automobiles et de biens de consommation durables arrivés en fin de vie, dans lesquels une multiplicité de type de matériaux organiques de synthèse que sont les polymères et/ou copolymères thermoplastiques, chargés ou non, ignifugés ou non, adjuvantés ou non, colorés ou non, sont à considérer comme recyclables, c'est-à-dire industriellement valorisables, et dans lesquels une multiplicité d'autres matériaux sont considérés comme des contaminants gênants qui doivent être éliminés, tels que des métaux, des minéraux et autres contaminants les accompagnant physiquement ou bien contenus pour certains dans la masse desdits matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à valoriser.The used synthetic organic materials concerned are generally derived from the destruction by grinding of automobiles and end-of-life durable consumer goods, in which a multiplicity of types of synthetic organic materials such as thermoplastic polymers and / or copolymers , whether or not charged, flame retarded or not, whether or not added, colored or not, are to be considered as recyclable, that is to say industrially recoverable, and in which a multiplicity of other materials are considered as troublesome contaminants which must be be eliminated, such as metals, minerals and other contaminants physically accompanying them or contained for some in the mass of said used organic synthesis materials to be valued.
Dans les industries de recyclage des matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à valoriser par recyclage, divers procédés sont proposés pour (i) séparer des matériaux polluants et des particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés présents en un mélange, dans un flux de matériaux particulaires, plus ou moins pollué, plus ou moins concentré en ces dits matériaux usagés valorisables par recyclage, et pour (ii) les concentrer et les trier par flux homogène de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés, de même composition, tels que, par exemple, les polyéthylènes (PE), les polypropylènes (PP), les polystyrènes (PS), les copolymères acrylonitrile-butadiène-styrène (ABS), les polyamides (PA), les chlorures de polyvinyle (PVC), les polyesters, les polyuréthanes, les polycarbonates, les copolymères acryliques ou méthacryliques ou autres, c'est-à-dire tous les polymères et/ou copolymères, thermoplastiques chargés ou non, adjuvantés ou non, ignifugés ou non.In the recycling industries of used synthetic organic materials for recovery by recycling, various processes are proposed for (i) separating pollutants and particles of used synthetic organic materials present in a mixture, in a flow of particulate materials, more or less polluted, more or less concentrated in these waste materials reusable by recycling, and (ii) concentrate and sort them by homogeneous flow of used synthetic organic materials, of the same composition, such as, for example, polyethylenes ( PE), polypropylenes (PP), polystyrenes (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers (ABS), polyamides (PA), polyvinyl chlorides (PVC), polyesters, polyurethanes, polycarbonates, acrylic or methacrylic or other copolymers, that is to say all the polymers and / or copolymers, thermoplastics loaded or not, whether or not added, flame retarded or no.
Ces divers procédés connus permettent actuellement d'extraire et de séparer les flux de mélanges de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à valoriser par recyclage et de matériaux contaminants à éliminer, ces flux comprenant typiquement :
- ▪ une phase de matériaux organiques de synthèse de densité inférieure à 1,
- ▪ une phase de matériaux organiques de synthèse de densité supérieure ou égale à 1,
- ▪ une phase de matériaux organiques de synthèse, peu valorisables, formée par exemple de mousses de polyéthylène, de polyuréthane, de déchets de films, de tissus, de fils, de moquette ou autres,
- ▪ une phase de matériaux contaminants à éliminer, tel que du sable, des débris de verre, des débris de bois, des restes de métaux ou autres matériaux.
- ▪ a phase of synthetic organic materials with a density of less than 1,
- ▪ a phase of synthetic organic materials with a density greater than or equal to 1,
- A phase of organic materials of low recoverability, formed for example by foams of polyethylene, polyurethane, film waste, fabrics, yarns, carpets or other,
- ▪ a phase of contaminant materials to be removed, such as sand, glass debris, wood debris, remnants of metals or other materials.
Un tel procédé de séparation de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés, de tous types, issus du broyage de véhicules automobiles et/ou d'autres objets de biens de consommation durables en fin de vie est décrit, par exemple, dans le brevet européen
Toutefois, les procédés issus de l'état de la technique ne permettent pas d'extraire des flux de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler, soumis à séparation par type de matériaux organiques de synthèse avec création de flux homogènes par leur composition chimique, des particules fragmentées colorées présentes même en très faible quantité dans lesdits flux, rendus chromatiquement hétérogènes par leur présence.However, the processes resulting from the state of the art do not make it possible to extract recycled organic material streams for recycling, subject to separation by type of organic synthesis materials with creation of homogeneous streams by their chemical composition, fragmented colored particles present even in very small amounts in said streams, rendered chromatically heterogeneous by their presence.
Ces particules desdits matériaux à recycler, qui sont colorées par la présence de composés chromogènes en particulier par celle des composés du cadmium, sont à éliminer des flux de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés recyclables, dès lors qu'ils ont été rendus homogènes en composition par des procédés de séparation et de tri appropriés, par le fait que:
- ▪ concernant les composés du cadmium, la quantité réglementairement tolérée dans les matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés recyclables, ne doit pas être supérieure à 100 ppm,
- ▪ concernant les particules fragmentées colorées en particulier par des composés du cadmium, leur présence est particulièrement gênante même en très faible quantité en raison de la coloration qui va se développer au sein d'un flux desdits matériaux en cours de recyclage, de manière anarchique au moment où s'effectue la revalorisation des flux homogènes en composition des matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés, par extrusion-fusion et granulation de ces dits matériaux rendant les granulés produits impropres à certaines applications industrielles par absence d'homogénéité de couleur.
- ▪ concerning cadmium compounds, the quantity legally permitted in recyclable used organic synthetic materials shall not exceed 100 ppm,
- ▪ Regarding the fragmented particles stained in particular by cadmium compounds, their presence is particularly troublesome even in very small quantities because of the color that will develop within a flow of said materials being recycled, anarchically at when is carried out the revalorization of homogeneous flows in the composition of used organic synthesis materials, by extrusion-melting and granulation of said materials making the granules produced unsuitable for certain industrial applications by lack of color homogeneity.
De nombreux objectifs sont, dès lors, assignés à l'objet de l'invention dans le but que soient éliminés les inconvénients décelés dans les procédés de séparation par flux homogènes en composition chimique, de mélanges de particules de divers matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler, en particulier cet inconvénient majeur que constitue la non-élimination de particules colorées présentes dans les flux de particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés en cours de recyclage, rendus homogènes par leur composition chimique, mais restant hétérogène par la présence de ces particules colorées.Numerous objectives are therefore assigned to the subject of the invention in order to eliminate the disadvantages detected in the homogeneous flow separation processes in chemical composition, mixtures of particles of various organic synthesis materials used to recycling, in particular that major disadvantage constituted by the non-elimination of colored particles present in the flow of particles of used synthetic organic materials during recycling, rendered homogeneous by their chemical composition, but remaining heterogeneous by the presence of these colored particles .
L'invention concerne, dès lors et principalement, un procédé de traitement optoélectronique en continu de flux de particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler, se présentant sous une forme fragmentée de particules rendues préalablement homogènes en composition, ce procédé consistant à éliminer de ces flux homogènes, les particules colorées dans la masse desdits matériaux, en particulier celles colorées par des composés du cadmium dont la teneur normalisée doit être inférieure à 100 ppm.The invention relates, therefore and primarily, to a method of optoelectronic treatment of continuous flow of particles of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled, which is in a fragmented form of particles made previously homogeneous in composition, this process consisting in eliminating these homogeneous flows, the colored particles in the mass of said materials, in particular those stained by cadmium compounds whose standardized content must be less than 100 ppm.
Selon l'invention, le procédé de traitement optoélectronique en continu de flux de particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler, rendues préalablement homogènes en composition, pour en éliminer celles des particules colorées dans leur masse, en particulier par des composés du cadmium, se caractérise en ce qu'il comporte des étapes :
- (a) de la transformation dans une zone appropriée et par un moyen approprié d'un flux continu de particules en vrac de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler, homogènes en composition, en un flux organisé en forme de rideau monocouche de particules séparées les unes des autres, s'écoulant en chute libre, selon un débit donné,
- (b) du passage du flux en forme de rideau monocouche de particules s'écoulant en chute libre, dans une zone munie de moyens d'observation et d'enregistrement optoélectronique placées en regard l'une de l'autre, de part et d'autre du flux en forme de rideau monocouche de particules, qui enregistrent les images recto-verso de chaque particule présente dans le rideau,
- (c) de la transmission en temps réel par les moyens optoélectroniques des images recto-verso de chaque particule du flux en forme de rideau, à des logiciels et algorithmes de traitement des images qui détectent en ligne, la présence des particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse colorées et déterminent les coordonnées dans le temps et dans l'espace, de chaque particule colorée à éliminer du rideau de particules,
- (d) de la transmission en temps réel par les logiciels et algorithmes, des coordonnées de chaque particule colorée à éliminer du rideau de particules à un moyen d'élimination qui élimine chaque particule colorée et libère un flux de particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler, homogène en composition et en couleur.
- (a) the transformation in a suitable zone and by a suitable means of a continuous flow of bulk particles of used organic synthesis materials to be recycled, homogeneous in composition, into a structured stream in the form of a single layer curtain of separated particles, one of the others, flowing in free fall, according to a given flow,
- (b) the passage of the stream in the form of a monolayer curtain of particles flowing in free fall, in an area provided with optoelectronic observation and recording means placed facing each other, on the one hand and other of the monolayer curtain flow of particles, which record the double-sided images of each particle present in the curtain,
- (c) the real-time transmission by the optoelectronic means of the two-sided images of each particle of the curtain-shaped stream, to software and image processing algorithms that detect on-line, the presence of particles of organic materials of colored syntheses and determine the coordinates in time and space, of each colored particle to be removed from the curtain of particles,
- (d) real-time transmission by the software and algorithms, coordinates of each colored particle to be removed from the curtain of particles to an elimination means which eliminates each colored particle and releases a stream of used synthetic organic material particles to recycle, homogeneous in composition and color.
Le procédé selon l'invention de traitement optoélectronique en continu de flux de particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à valoriser par recyclage concerne tous les matériaux polymères et/ou copolymères, de type thermoplastiques et thermodurs :
- ▪ issus de résidus de broyage d'objets en fin de vie, tels que par exemple, automobiles, électroménager, matériel électronique, en mélange, sous forme fragmentée, avec des contaminants tels que des métaux, des matériaux minéraux et des matériaux d'origine organique autre que les polymères et/ou copolymères précités
- ▪ ce mélange fragmenté étant débarrassé de l'essentiel de ses contaminants et séparé en flux de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler, chaque flux étant pratiquement homogène en composition chimique mais hétérogène par la couleur en raison de la présence de certaines particules colorées dans la masse et par la présence de quelques contaminants organiques.
- ▪ from grinding residues of end-of-life objects, such as, for example, automobiles, household appliances, electronic equipment, mixed, in fragmented form, with contaminants such as metals, mineral materials and original materials organic other than the aforementioned polymers and / or copolymers
- ▪ this fragmented mixture being freed from most of its contaminants and separated into a stream of used organic synthesis materials for recycling, each stream being substantially homogeneous in chemical composition but heterogeneous by color due to the presence of certain colored particles in the mass and the presence of some organic contaminants.
Dès lors que chaque flux de particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler a été rendu quasiment homogène en composition chimique, chacun de ces flux est recyclable par les techniques de la plasturgie, sous condition toutefois que ces flux soient règlementairement exempts de particules colorées dans la masse par des composés du cadmium dont la teneur normalisée, pour cet élément, doit être inférieure à 100 ppm.Since each stream of used organic synthesis material particles to be recycled has been made almost homogeneous in chemical composition, each of these streams is recyclable by the techniques of the plastics industry, provided however that these streams are regulated by regulations free of colored particles in the mass by cadmium compounds whose standardized content, for this element, must be less than 100 ppm.
Selon le procédé de l'invention, la plus grande dimension des particules des matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler formant des flux en vrac rendus quasiment homogènes en composition et entrant dans lesdits procédés, est comprise entre 2 et 40 mm, préférentiellement entre 4 et 12 mm et très préférentiellement entre 6 et 10 mm.According to the process of the invention, the largest dimension of the particles of used organic synthesis materials recycled to form bulk flows rendered virtually homogeneous in composition and entering said processes, is between 2 and 40 mm, preferably between 4 and 12 mm and very preferably between 6 and 10 mm.
Selon ce même procédé de l'invention, il est possible d'extraire de flux en vrac de particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler, déjà rendus quasiment homogènes en composition, la quasi-totalité des particules colorées dans la masse par des composés colorés, en particulier ceux du cadmium, jusqu'à rendre la teneur de ces flux de particules en composés du cadmium, très inférieure à la limite normalisée de 100 ppm.According to the same process of the invention, it is possible to extract from bulk flows of used organic synthesis material particles to be recycled, already rendered almost homogeneous in composition, almost all the particles colored in the mass by compounds. colored, in particular those of cadmium, to make the content of these particle streams in cadmium compounds, much lower than the normalized limit of 100 ppm.
Selon le procédé de traitement optoélectronique en continu de flux de particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler, objet de l'invention, l'étape a) concerne la transformation dans une zone appropriée par un moyen approprié d'un flux continu en vrac de particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler, quasiment homogènes en composition en un flux monocouche de particules desdits matériaux, formant un rideau séparées les unes des autres et s'écoulant en chute libre.According to the method of continuous optoelectronic treatment of particle streams of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled, which is the subject of the invention, step a) concerns the transformation in a suitable zone by an appropriate means of a continuous flow in bulk. particles of used organic synthesis materials for recycling, almost homogeneous composition in a monolayer flow of particles of said materials, forming a curtain separated from each other and flowing in free fall.
Le moyen approprié pour transformer un flux de particules en vrac en un flux monocouche organisé desdites particules peut être choisi parmi les tapis roulants, les tapis vibrants, horizontaux ou inclinés, ascendant ou descendant, recevant le flux de particules en vrac par l'intermédiaire de trémies statiques ou dynamiques, dont le débit est contrôlé.The appropriate means for transforming a bulk particle stream into an organized monolayer flow of said particles may be selected from the treadmills, vibrating, horizontal or inclined conveyors, ascending or descending, receiving the bulk particle stream via static or dynamic hoppers, whose flow rate is controlled.
Le débit horaire du moyen approprié transformant un flux de particules en vrac, quasiment homogènes en composition en un flux en forme de rideau monocouche desdites particules est au plus de 20 T/h, préférentiellement de 1 à 5 Tonnes/h. Ce débit reste le même tout au long du déroulement de chaque étape du procédé selon l'invention.The hourly flow rate of the appropriate means transforming a stream of bulk particles, almost homogeneous in composition into a monolayer curtain-shaped stream of said particles is at most 20 T / h, preferably 1 to 5 Tons / h. This flow rate remains the same throughout the course of each step of the method according to the invention.
L'organisation en continu de la monocouche de particules desdits matériaux à recycler, quasi homogènes en composition, est telle que les particules déposées sur le moyen approprié de transformation d'un flux en vrac en un rideau monocouche sont au plus au contact les unes des autres sans chevauchement, et préférentiellement séparées par un espace vide.The continuous organization of the monolayer of particles of said materials to be recycled, almost homogeneous in composition, is such that the particles deposited on the appropriate means for converting a bulk flow into a monolayer curtain are at most in contact with each other. others without overlapping, and preferentially separated by an empty space.
A la sortie du moyen approprié, la monocouche organisée des particules desdits matériaux à recycler, est libérée en continu dudit moyen en une chute libre, en formant le rideau monocouche de particules desdits matériaux à recycler.At the outlet of the appropriate means, the organized monolayer of particles of said materials to be recycled, is released continuously from said means in a free fall, forming the single-layer curtain of particles of said materials to be recycled.
Selon une variante de l'étape (a) du procédé de l'invention, la monocouche organisée des particules desdits matériaux à recycler peut passer par une phase intermédiaire d'un plan incliné placé entre la sortie du moyen approprié d'organisation de la monocouche de particules et la libération en une chute libre, formant rideau de ladite monocouche.According to a variant of step (a) of the process of the invention, the organized monolayer of particles of said materials to be recycled can pass through an intermediate phase of an inclined plane placed between the outlet of the appropriate means of organization of the monolayer. of particles and release in a free fall, forming a curtain of said monolayer.
A la fin de l'étape (a), le rideau monocouche en une chute libre, formé des particules de matériaux organiques à recycler, quasiment homogènes en composition mais hétérogènes en couleur par la présence dans la masse de certaines particules colorées, en particulier par des composés du cadmium, s'écoule en chute libre en continu dans une zone d'observation et d'enregistrement optique formée d'au moins deux caméras, placées en regard l'une de l'autre, de part et d'autre dudit rideau de particules, ces caméras enregistrant les images recto-verso de chaque particule présente dans ledit rideau. Les caméras sont réglées sur les valeurs chromatiques des couleurs des composés colorés présents dans la masse des particules colorées à éliminer. Dans le cas particulier des composés du cadmium les valeurs chromatiques imposées aux caméras correspondent aux trois couleurs jaune-orange-rouge. Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, ledit flux en forme de rideau monocouche en chute libre emprunte une trajectoire sensiblement verticale dans la zone munie de moyens d'observation et d'enregistrement optoélectronique ; cela facilite le traitement numérique des données par les moyens d'analyse d'informations et de transmission, notamment pour déterminer les coordonnées dans le temps et dans l'espace de chaque particule en vue de son élimination par les moyens d'élimination.At the end of step (a), the monolayer curtain in a free fall, formed of particles of organic materials to be recycled, almost homogeneous in composition but heterogeneous in color by the presence in the mass of certain colored particles, in particular by cadmium compounds, flows in free fall continuously in an observation and optical recording zone formed by at least two cameras, placed facing each other, on either side of said curtain of particles, these cameras recording the double-sided images of each particle present in said curtain. The cameras are adjusted to the chromatic color values of the colored compounds present in the mass of the colored particles to be eliminated. In the particular case of cadmium compounds, the color values imposed on the cameras correspond to the three yellow-orange-red colors. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, said flow in the form of monolayer curtain in free fall takes a substantially vertical trajectory in the zone provided with optoelectronic observation and recording means; this facilitates the digital processing of the data by the information analysis and transmission means, in particular for determining the coordinates in time and space of each particle for disposal by the removal means.
Au cours de l'étape (b) et ce, en continu, les informations relatives aux images recto-verso de chaque particule présente dans le rideau monocouche en chute libre, enregistrées par les caméras, sont transmises en temps réel à des moyens informatiques comprenant des logiciels et algorithmes :
- ▪ qui détecte les particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse à recycler, colorées dans la masse et se distinguant de la coloration moyenne de l'ensemble des particules présentes dans le rideau monocouche, par exemple, selon les coordonnées spectrales L, a, b, de spectrophotocolorimétrie (modèle CIE Lab),
- ▪ qui détermine les coordonnées dans le temps et l'espace de chaque particule colorée à éliminer du rideau monocouche de particules.
- ▪ which detects the particles of synthetic organic materials to be recycled, colored in the mass and differing from the average coloration of all the particles present in the monolayer curtain, for example, according to the spectral coordinates L, a, b, de spectrophotocolorimetry (CIE Lab model),
- ▪ which determines the coordinates in time and space of each colored particle to be removed from the monolayer curtain of particles.
Dès lors que chaque particule de matériaux organiques de synthèse colorée dans la masse en particulier par des composés du cadmium est détectée dans le rideau de particules et ses coordonnées dans le temps et l'espace, établies par les logiciels et algorithmes des moyens informatiques, toutes les informations sont transmises en temps réel par lesdits moyens informatiques à un moyen d'élimination qui éjecte chacune des particules colorées hors du rideau monocouche en chute libre.Since each particle of synthetic organic material colored in the mass in particular by cadmium compounds is detected in the particle curtain and its coordinates in time and space, established by computer software and algorithms, all the information is transmitted in real time by said computer means to an elimination means which ejects each of the colored particles out of the monolayer curtain in free fall.
Le moyen d'élimination peut être choisi parmi ceux existant dans l'état de la technique, tel qu'un moyen mécanique d'éjection ou un moyen liquide, tel que jet d'eau sous haute pression ou un moyen gazeux tel que jet d'air comprimé, chacun de ces moyens étant suffisamment précis pour éliminer chaque particule colorée qui doit l'être sans pour autant entraîner simultanément des particules qui ne doivent pas l'être, ces éliminations collatérales devant être limitées à l'extrême, voire être complètement maîtrisées.The elimination means may be chosen from those existing in the state of the art, such as a mechanical ejection means or a liquid medium, such as high-pressure water jet or a gaseous medium such as a jet of water. compressed air, each of these means being sufficiently precise to eliminate each colored particle that must be, without simultaneously causing particles that should not be, these collateral eliminations to be limited to the extreme, or even completely controlled.
L'invention concerne également un dispositif de traitement optoélectronique d'un flux de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés, à valoriser par recyclage, se présentant sous une forme fragmentée de particules quasiment homogènes en composition, qui trie et élimine de ce flux en mouvement continu des particules desdits matériaux colorées dans leur masse en particulier par des composés du cadmium.The invention also relates to a device for optoelectronic treatment of a stream of used synthetic organic materials, to be recovered by recycling, which is in a fragmented form of particles that are almost homogeneous in composition, which sorts and eliminates from this stream a continuous movement of particles of said materials stained in their mass, in particular by cadmium compounds.
Ce dispositif de traitement optoélectronique se caractérise en ce qu'il comporte :
- (e) des moyens de transformation d'un flux continu en vrac de particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler quasiment homogènes en composition, en un flux en forme de rideau monocouche desdites particules séparées les unes des autres, ce flux monocouche s'écoulant en chute libre, selon un débit donné ;
- (f) des moyens d'observation et d'enregistrement optoélectroniques des particules en chute libre, formant un rideau monocouche, constitués d'au moins deux caméras, placées en regard l'une de l'autre, de part et d'autre du rideau de particules enregistrant les images recto-verso de chaque particule et transmettant ces images recto-verso, en temps réel ;
- (g) des moyens informatiques, logiciels et algorithmes, recevant en temps réel les images recto-verso de chaque particule du rideau en chute libre, détectant la présence des particules colorées dans leur masse en particulier par des composés du cadmium et déterminant les coordonnées dans le temps et l'espace de chaque particule colorée à éliminer du rideau ;
- (h) des moyens informatiques, logiciels et algorithmes de transmission en temps réel à un moyen d'élimination des particules colorées par des composés du cadmium, de l'information relative à la présence de chaque particule colorée présente dans le rideau monocouche de particules et des coordonnées dans le temps et l'espace de chaque particule colorée présente dans ledit rideau de particules à éliminer par le moyen d'élimination.
- (e) means for converting a bulk continuous stream of particles of used organic synthesis materials to be recycled, which are almost homogeneous in composition, into a monolayer curtain-shaped stream of said particles separated from each other, this monolayer flow being flowing in free fall, at a given flow rate;
- (f) optoelectronic observation and recording means for free-falling particles, forming a single-layer curtain, consisting of at least two cameras, placed opposite one another, on either side of the curtain of particles recording the double-sided images of each particle and transmitting these two-sided images, in real time;
- (g) computerized means, software and algorithms, receiving in real time the double-sided images of each particle of the curtain in free fall, detecting the presence of the colored particles in their mass in particular by cadmium compounds and determining the coordinates in the time and space of each colored particle to be removed from the curtain;
- (h) computer means, software and algorithms for real-time transmission to a means for removing particles colored by cadmium compounds, information relating to the presence of each colored particle present in the single-layer particle curtain and coordinates in time and space of each colored particle present in said curtain of particles to be eliminated by the removal means.
Dans le dispositif de traitement selon l'invention,
- ▪ les moyens de transformation d'un flux continu en vrac de particules de matériaux organiques de synthèse usagés à recycler, quasiment homogènes en composition, en un flux en forme de rideau monocouche s'écoulant en chute libre, sont choisis parmi les tapis vibrants, tapis roulants, horizontaux, descendant ou ascendant, alimentés par des trémies recevant le flux en vrac desdites particules et le transformant en un flux en forme de rideau monocouche ;
- ▪ les moyens d'observation et d'enregistrement des images recto-verso de chaque particule du flux en rideau monocouche des particules en chute libre, et ayant capacité à transmettre les images en temps réel à des moyens d'analyse, sont choisis parmi les caméras disponibles dans l'état de la technique ;
- ▪ les moyens d'analyse d'informations et de transmission sont des logiciels et algorithmes qui reçoivent en temps réel les images recto-verso de chaque particule du rideau monocouche des particules en chute libre, détectent la présence des particules colorées dans leur masse en particulier par des composés du cadmium et déterminent les coordonnées dans le temps et dans l'espace de chaque particule colorée à éliminer du rideau ;
- ▪ les moyens d'élimination des particules colorées présentes dans le rideau monocouche des particules en chute libre, sont choisis parmi les moyens d'éjection mécanique, liquide ou gazeux appartenant à l'état de la technique, ces moyens recevant en temps réel par les moyens informatiques toutes les informations relatives à chaque particule colorée à éliminer, c'est-à-dire les coordonnées dans le temps et dans l'espace de chaque particule colorée repérée dans le rideau de particules en chute libre.
- The means for converting a bulk continuous flow of particles of used organic synthesis materials to be recycled, which are almost homogeneous in composition, into a flow in the form of a monolayer curtain flowing in free fall, are chosen from vibrating mats, treadmills, horizontal, descending or ascending, fed by hoppers receiving the bulk flow of said particles and transforming it into a stream-like monolayer curtain;
- The means for observing and recording the double-sided images of each particle of the monolayer curtain flow of the particles in free fall, and having the capacity to transmit the images in real time to analysis means, are chosen from the cameras available in the state of the art;
- The information analysis and transmission means are software and algorithms that receive in real time the double-sided images of each particle of the monolayer curtain of the particles in free fall, detect the presence of the colored particles in their mass in particular by cadmium compounds and determine the coordinates in time and space of each colored particle to be removed from the curtain;
- The means for eliminating the colored particles present in the monolayer curtain of the particles in free fall are chosen from the mechanical, liquid or gaseous ejection means belonging to the state of the art, these means receiving in real time by computer means all the information relating to each colored particle to be eliminated, that is to say the coordinates in time and space of each colored particle located in the curtain of particles in free fall.
Selon une variante au dispositif selon l'invention, un plan incliné peut être mis en place entre le moyen de transformation d'un flux continu de particules en vrac en un flux continu en forme de rideau monocouche desdites particules, s'écoulant en chute libre, pour en aider la formation et en contrôler la chute libre.According to a variant of the device according to the invention, an inclined plane can be set up between the means for transforming a continuous stream of bulk particles into a continuous stream in the form of a single-layer curtain of said particles, flowing in free fall , to help the formation and control the free fall.
Avantageusement, dans le dispositif selon l'invention, ledit flux en forme de rideau monocouche en chute libre emprunte une trajectoire sensiblement verticale dans la zone munie de moyens d'observation et d'enregistrement optoélectronique.Advantageously, in the device according to the invention, said stream in the form of monolayer curtain in free fall takes a substantially vertical trajectory in the zone provided with optoelectronic observation and recording means.
L'invention concerne enfin l'utilisation du dispositif et du procédé pour éliminer d'un flux de particules usagées à recycler, quasiment homogènes en composition, celles des particules colorées dans leur masse par des composés en particulier du cadmium.The invention finally relates to the use of the device and the method for eliminating from a stream of used particles to be recycled, almost homogeneous in composition, those of the particles colored in their mass by compounds, in particular cadmium.
Le procédé selon l'invention permet d'abaisser sensiblement la teneur d'un flux de particules fragmentés de matériaux organiques de synthèse en particules colorés. Typiquement, sa teneur en cadmium, qui est présent typiquement sous la forme de composés du cadmium présentant une couleur caractéristique, peut être abaissée à moins de 20 ppm massiques, et avantageusement à moins de 10 ppm massiques. A titre d'exemple, le procédé permet d'abaisser une teneur initiale en cadmium de 80 -150 ppm massiques dans le flux entrant de particules à 10 - 20 ppm.The process according to the invention makes it possible to reduce substantially the content of a flow of fragmented particles of organic synthesis materials into colored particles. Typically, its cadmium content, which is typically present as cadmium compounds having a characteristic color, can be lowered to less than 20 mass ppm, and preferably less than 10 mass ppm. By way of example, the process makes it possible to lower an initial cadmium content of 80 -150 mass ppm in the incoming stream of particles at 10-20 ppm.
L'invention sera mieux comprise grâce à un exemple illustratif du procédé selon l'invention étayé par la description d'un dispositif selon la figure unique.The invention will be better understood thanks to an illustrative example of the method according to the invention supported by the description of a device according to the single figure.
On a traité selon le procédé de l'invention, 10 tonnes d'un flux de particules d'ABS en vrac à recycler, provenant d'un procédé de séparation de résidus de broyage d'automobiles et de biens de consommation durables arrivés en fin de vie, ayant conduit à la formation d'un flux de particules d'ABS, de composition quasiment homogène mais contenant des particules colorées dans la masse en particulier par des composé du cadmium qu'il faut éliminer : la teneur initiale en composés du cadmium était comprise entre 80 et 150 ppm en donnant une couleur à ces particules colorées dans la masse appartenant au domaine spectrale « jaune-orange-rouge ».According to the process of the invention, 10 tons of a flow of bulk ABS particles to be recycled, resulting from a process for separating automobile grinding residues and end-use consumer goods arrived at the end of the process. of life, having led to the formation of a stream of ABS particles, of almost homogeneous composition but containing particles in the mass in particular by cadmium compounds which must be eliminated: the initial content of cadmium compounds was between 80 and 150 ppm giving a color to these colored particles in the mass belonging to the "yellow-orange-red" spectral domain.
Pour cet essai, les particules d'ABS avaient leur plus grande dimension comprise entre 4 et 12 mm. Ce flux de particules d'ABS contenait encore quelques matériaux contaminants tels que des caoutchoucs à raison de 2% à 4% en poids.For this test, the ABS particles had their largest dimension between 4 and 12 mm. This flow of ABS particles still contained some contaminating materials such as rubbers at 2% to 4% by weight.
Au cours de cet essai, le débit du flux de particules d'ABS par le traitement optoélectronique a été réglé sur 1 tonne à l'heure.During this test, the flow rate of the ABS particle stream by optoelectronic processing was set at 1 ton per hour.
Selon l'étape (a) du procédé, le flux en vrac de particules d'ABS contenant des particules d'ABS colorées dans la masse par des composés du cadmium, alimente une trémie (1) qui déverse à son tour le flux desdites particules sur un tapis vibrant (2) en son aval.According to step (a) of the method, the bulk flow of ABS particles containing ABS particles colored in the mass by cadmium compounds, feeds a hopper (1) which in turn discharges the flow of said particles on a vibrating carpet (2) downstream.
Ce tapis vibrant transforme le flux continu en vrac des particules d'ABS en un flux en forme de rideau monocouche (3) dont les particules constitutives sont séparées les unes des autres.This vibrating mat transforms the continuous stream of bulk ABS particles into a monolayer curtain stream (3) whose constituent particles are separated from each other.
En aval dudit tapis vibrant, le flux en forme de rideau monocouche glisse le long d'un plan incliné (4) sur lequel le rideau monocouche de particules d'ABS reste formé et s'améliore dans son organisation.Downstream of said vibrating carpet, the monolayer curtain-shaped flow slides along an inclined plane (4) on which the monolayer curtain of ABS particles remains formed and improves in its organization.
En aval du plan incliné (4), le flux en forme de rideau monocouche est libéré du plan incliné et chute librement selon une trajectoire (5) qui peut devenir sensiblement verticale.Downstream of the inclined plane (4), the monolayer curtain-shaped flow is released from the inclined plane and freely falls along a path (5) which can become substantially vertical.
En particulier, dans le cas où le dispositif est exempt du plan incliné (4), le flux en forme de rideau monocouche est libéré dès la sortie aval (3) du tapis vibrant (2) et la trajectoire du flux en forme de rideau monocouche prend très rapidement une tendance sensiblement verticale.In particular, in the case where the device is free of the inclined plane (4), the monolayer curtain-shaped flow is released as soon as the downstream outlet (3) of the vibrating belt (2) and the flow path in the form of a single-layer curtain very quickly takes a substantially vertical trend.
Selon l'étape (b), le flux en forme de rideau monocouche en chute libre selon la trajectoire (5) sensiblement verticale, passe dans une zone d'observation et d'enregistrement optoélectronique comportant au moins deux caméras (6) et (7) placées en regard l'une de l'autre, de part et d'autre du flux de particules en forme de rideau, qui enregistrent les images recto-verso de chaque particule présente dans ledit rideau.According to step (b), the flow in the form of monolayer curtain in free fall along the substantially vertical trajectory (5) passes into an optoelectronic observation and recording zone comprising at least two cameras (6) and (7) ) placed next to each other, on either side of the stream of curtain-shaped particles, which record the two-sided images of each particle in said curtain.
Selon les étapes (c) et (d), les caméras (6) et (7) transmettent les images recto-verso des particules formant le rideau (5) à un ensemble de moyens informatiques de traitement des images comportant logiciels et algorithmes assurant en temps réel la détection en ligne des particules colorées dans la masse par des composés du cadmium, la détermination des coordonnées dans le temps et dans l'espace de chaque particule colorée à éliminer du rideau de particules et la transmission de ces informations à des moyens d'élimination (8) et (9) des particules colorées dans la masse et la séparation des particules colorées qui sont éliminées dans un réceptacle (10) tandis que le flux des particules non-colorées est reçu dans le réceptacle (11).According to steps (c) and (d), the cameras (6) and (7) transmit the two-sided images of the particles forming the curtain (5) to a set of computer processing means of images comprising software and algorithms ensuring real-time online detection of particles colored in the mass by cadmium compounds, determining the coordinates in time and space of each colored particle to be removed from the curtain of particles and the transmission of this information to means of removing (8) and (9) the colored particles in the mass and separating the colored particles that are removed in a receptacle (10) while the flow of unstained particles is received in the receptacle (11).
Au terme de ce traitement de 10 tonnes d'un flux de particules d'ABS en vrac à recycler, selon le procédé de l'invention, la teneur initiale en cadmium a été abaissée de 80-150 ppm massiques à10 - 20 ppm.At the end of this treatment of 10 tons of a flow of bulk ABS particles to be recycled, according to the process of the invention, the initial cadmium content was lowered from 80-150 ppm by weight to 10-20 ppm.
Claims (16)
- A method for the continuous optoelectronic processing of a stream of particles of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled, which is in a fragmented form of particles made nearly homogeneous in composition, but remaining heterogeneous in coloration due to the presence of particles colored in their mass especially by cadmium compounds, characterized in that, to eliminate the colored particles from the stream of particle of synthetic organic materials to be recycled, with the method comprising the steps wherein:(a) a continuous stream of loose particles of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled, homogeneous in composition, is transformed, in a suitable area and using suitable means, into a stream arranged in the form of a single-layer curtain of particles separated from one another, free-falling at a given rate,(b) the stream in the form of a single-layer curtain of free-falling particles goes through an area provided with observation and recording optoelectronic means positioned opposite each other, on either side of the stream in the form of a single-layer curtain of particles, which record full images of each particle in the curtain(c) the optoelectronic means transmits, in real time, the full images of each particle of the stream in the form of a curtain, to software and image processing algorithms which detect, on line, the presence of colored particles of synthetic organic materials and determine the time and spatial coordinates of each colored particle to be eliminated from the curtain of particles,(d) the software and the algorithms transmit, in real time, the coordinates of each colored particle to be eliminated from the curtain of particles, to a eliminating means which eliminates each colored particle and releases a stream of particles of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled, homogeneous in composition and in coloration.
- A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the stream of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled originates from residues from the grinding of objects at the end of their service lives, more particularly automobiles, electric household equipment, electronic equipment, cleared of contaminants and made homogeneous in composition.
- A method according to either one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the particles of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled made homogeneous in composition, have their largest dimension ranging from 2 to 40mm, preferably from 4 to 12mm and more preferably from 6 to 10mm.
- A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the stream of loose particles of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled and homogeneous in composition is transformed into a stream arranged in the form of a single-layer curtain of particles, using rolling conveyors, vibrating conveyors, whether horizontal or inclined upwards or downwards.
- A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the stream arranged in the form of a single-layer curtain of particles of said materials to be recycled of said step (a) goes through an intermediate phase of an inclined plane positioned between the outlet of the appropriate means for arranging the single-layer of particles and the release into a free fall of said curtain of the single-layer of particles.
- A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said stream in the form of a free-falling single-layer curtain takes a substantially vertical path in said area provided with observation and recording optoelectronic means.
- A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the recording optoelectronic means is adjusted onto the color values of the colors of the colored compounds present in the mass of the colored particles to be eliminated, according to the L, a, b spectral coordinates of spectrophotocolorimetry.
- A method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the recording optoelectronic means is adjusted onto the color values of the yellow-orange-red colors, when the colored compounds are cadmium compounds.
- A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the eliminating means is selected from mechanical ejection means, high-pressure liquid ejection means in particular water, gas ejection means, in particular compressed air jets.
- A method according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the hourly flow rate of the stream of particles in the form of a single-layer curtain is at most 20 tons/hr and preferably ranges from 1 to 5 tons/hr.
- A device for the continuous optoelectronic processing of a stream of particles of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled, which is in a fragmented form of particles previously made nearly homogeneous in composition, but remaining heterogeneous in coloration due to the presence of particles colored in their mass especially by cadmium compounds, characterized in that it comprises:(a) means for transforming a continuous stream of loose particles of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled, nearly homogeneous in composition, into a stream in the form of a single-layer curtain of said particles separated from one another, with such single-layer stream free-falling at a given rate,(b) optoelectronic means for observing and recording free-falling particles, in the form of a single-layer curtain, comprising at least two cameras positioned opposite each other, on either side of the curtain of particles, which record full images of each particle and transmit such full images in real time;(c) computer means, software and algorithms which receive, in real time, the full images of each particle of the free-falling curtain, detect the presence of particles colored in their mass more particularly by cadmium compounds and determine the time and spatial coordinates of each colored particle to be eliminated from the curtain;(d) computer means, software and algorithms for transmitting, in real time, to a eliminating means which eliminates the particles colored with cadmium compounds, information relating to the presence of each colored particle in the single-layer curtain of particles and the time and spatial coordinates of each colored particle present in said curtains of particles to be eliminated by the eliminating means.
- A device according to claim 11, characterized in that the means for transforming a continuous stream of loose particles of used synthetic organic materials to be recycled, nearly homogeneous in composition, into a stream in the form of a free-falling single-layer curtain, is selected among the vibrating conveyors, the rolling conveyors, whether horizontal or inclined upwards or downwards, fed by hoppers receiving the stream of said loose particles and transforming it into a stream in the form of a single-layer curtain.
- A device according to claim 11, characterized in that the means for eliminating the colored particles in the single-layer curtain of free-falling particles, is selected from the mechanical, liquid in particular high-pressure water jets, or gas in particular compressed air jets, ejection means, belonging to the prior art, with such means receiving, in real time, from the computer means, all the information relating to each colored particle to be eliminated, i.e. the time and spatial coordinates of each colored particle identified in the curtain of free-falling particles.
- A device according to at least one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that an inclined plane is positioned between the means for transforming a continuous stream of loose particles into a continuous stream in the form of a free-falling single-layer curtain, to help the formation thereof and control the free-fall.
- A device according to at least one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that said stream in the form of a free-falling single-layer curtain takes a substantially vertical path in the area provided with observation and recording optoelectronic means.
- Utilization of the method according to claims 1 to 10, for eliminating from a stream of used particles to be recycled, homogeneous in composition, those among the particles colored in the mass by cadmium compounds, preferably up to a mass content of cadmium of less than 20 mass parts per million.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1000468A FR2956043B1 (en) | 2010-02-05 | 2010-02-05 | OPTOELECTRONIC PROCESSING OF A FLOW OF PARTICLES OF ORGANIC MATERIALS OF USED SYNTHESIS |
| PCT/FR2011/000070 WO2011095711A2 (en) | 2010-02-05 | 2011-02-04 | Optoelectronic treatment of a flow of used organic synthesis material particles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2531306A2 EP2531306A2 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
| EP2531306B1 true EP2531306B1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
Family
ID=42487238
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11708529.0A Active EP2531306B1 (en) | 2010-02-05 | 2011-02-04 | Optoelectronical treatment of a particle flow of used plastic materials |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2531306B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2544438T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2956043B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT2531306E (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011095711A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114733777A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-07-12 | 广州珐玛珈智能设备股份有限公司 | Global visual appearance recognition sieve inspection equipment for tablet counting machine |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2751262B1 (en) | 1996-07-22 | 1998-09-11 | Gp Sarl | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR SEPARATING POLYMERIC, POLYSTYRENE AND ABS MATERIALS OBTAINED |
| JP4293346B2 (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2009-07-08 | マツダ株式会社 | Resin material remolding method and resin material crushed piece sorting apparatus |
| JP4682971B2 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2011-05-11 | マツダ株式会社 | Method and apparatus for coating film peeling and selection of resin material with coating film |
| JP5056056B2 (en) * | 2007-02-20 | 2012-10-24 | マツダ株式会社 | Recycling method for thermoplastic resin waste products |
-
2010
- 2010-02-05 FR FR1000468A patent/FR2956043B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-02-04 PT PT117085290T patent/PT2531306E/en unknown
- 2011-02-04 ES ES11708529.0T patent/ES2544438T3/en active Active
- 2011-02-04 WO PCT/FR2011/000070 patent/WO2011095711A2/en active Application Filing
- 2011-02-04 EP EP11708529.0A patent/EP2531306B1/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2011095711A2 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
| PT2531306E (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| WO2011095711A3 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
| EP2531306A2 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
| ES2544438T3 (en) | 2015-08-31 |
| FR2956043A1 (en) | 2011-08-12 |
| FR2956043B1 (en) | 2013-08-09 |
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