EP2520726B1 - Dispositif et procédé de prélèvement de dépôts de matériaux du réservoir d'une construction hydrotechnique - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de prélèvement de dépôts de matériaux du réservoir d'une construction hydrotechnique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2520726B1
EP2520726B1 EP12405041.0A EP12405041A EP2520726B1 EP 2520726 B1 EP2520726 B1 EP 2520726B1 EP 12405041 A EP12405041 A EP 12405041A EP 2520726 B1 EP2520726 B1 EP 2520726B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floating body
water
facility
cable
facility according
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EP12405041.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2520726A1 (fr
Inventor
Hanspeter Bachmann
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BRA turbo Ing AG
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BRA turbo Ing AG
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
    • E02F7/06—Delivery chutes or screening plants or mixing plants mounted on dredgers or excavators
    • E02F7/065—Delivery chutes or screening plants or mixing plants mounted on dredgers or excavators mounted on a floating dredger
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/46—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with reciprocating digging or scraping elements moved by cables or hoisting ropes ; Drives or control devices therefor
    • E02F3/47—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with reciprocating digging or scraping elements moved by cables or hoisting ropes ; Drives or control devices therefor with grab buckets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/28—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for cleaning watercourses or other ways
    • E02F5/285—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for cleaning watercourses or other ways with drag buckets or scraper plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/06—Floating substructures as supports
    • E02F9/062—Advancing equipment, e.g. spuds for floating dredgers
    • E02F9/065—Advancing equipment, e.g. spuds for floating dredgers characterised by the use of lines with anchors and winches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system and a method for the removal of material deposits from waters, in particular from the storage space of a hydrotechnical structure.
  • Dams and dams serve the damming of water, which then z. B. turbines for the production of electric power is supplied or just serves to reduce flood peaks or as a water reservoir.
  • the reservoirs formed behind the dams or dams are filled up over the years by the sediment carried along with the tributaries, with the result that the accumulation volume increasingly diminishes.
  • a reduced storage volume and the resulting reduced storage capacity affect z. B. disadvantageous to the energy production and ultimately lead to economic losses during operation of the system. In the worst case, the device sands completely and can no longer perform their original function.
  • crawler excavators have a limited range in depth.
  • the EP 2 113 612 describes a method for cleaning a reservoir upstream of a dam in the area of a bottom outlet.
  • the impurities are brought by a lifting element from the bottom of the surface and further treated there on a float.
  • the JP 2007 063934 describes a work vessel, which via a transport line from a barge earth and sand, which is carried by the barge, pumped.
  • the WO 01/71106 describes a system and method for removing contaminated sediment during dredging of a lake.
  • the bucket is surrounded by a water-retaining housing.
  • the FR 1 095 540 describes a dredger for dredging a body of water.
  • the dredger contains a suction device for sucking the dredged material.
  • the EP 0 297 281 describes a two-cylinder slurry pump with a pre-pressing device, which is flanged to a feed container.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to propose a system and a method for the removal of material deposits from waters, and in particular from the storage space of a hydrotechnical structure.
  • the system should be mobile, flexible in application and easy to assemble and disassemble.
  • the plant should enable efficient removal and safe, reliable removal of material deposits from the water.
  • the system should also be easy to use.
  • the degraded material deposits are especially sediments or registered bedding.
  • the deposits consist mainly of fine sediments but z. As well as gravel, boulders, boulders, organic matter such as tree trunks, roots, branches, or civilization waste include.
  • the float is preferably a modular pontoon that is capable of floating on the surface of the water with its installations and equipment mounted thereon.
  • Single or all modules of the float are as buoyancy elements, z. B. with air-filled hollow chambers, formed which together form a buoyancy unit.
  • the individual modules are connected to each other to a float or buoyancy unit, that the floating body is repeatedly assembled and disassembled.
  • the modules can z. B. on releasable form and / or frictional connections be connected to each other.
  • the compounds may be connectors, which z. B. are secured by securing bolts.
  • the dimensions i. the dimensions of the individual modules and / or their weight are preferably chosen so that they are with appropriate means of transport on roads, especially on narrow and winding mountain roads, z. B. in the alpine area, or in the air by aircraft, such as helicopters, transport.
  • a workstation shape is preferably set up as part of the floating body, on which various devices, such as solids pump, mixing device, crawler crane and electrical installations, are arranged.
  • the float can be anchored via tethers on the shore or on technical facilities of the power plant.
  • the floating body preferably has a partially or completely surrounded by this or from the working platform cable excavator opening through which the excavator unit of the cable excavator can be lowered from the float into the water.
  • the cable excavator opening can z. B. be arranged centrally on the float.
  • the Crawler Excavator is a device for removing deposits from the bottom of the water and for gripping and lifting the same from the bottom to the float.
  • the crawler for this purpose contains a hanging on one or more ropes, and on this lowerable and liftable excavator unit. The lowering and raising of the excavator unit is thus done via a lifting device with a corresponding drive and winch and wire ropes.
  • the Crawler Excavator is distinguished from other machines in the category of excavators in particular by the rope-mechanical lowering and lifting mechanism.
  • the excavator unit contains an excavator tool.
  • the opening and closing movements can be effected hydraulically or mechanically.
  • Hydraulically operated excavator tools which correspond to the preferred embodiment, hang z. B. only on two hoisting ropes.
  • two additional locking cables are required, so that here the gripper hangs, for example, on a total of four cables.
  • a hydraulically operated excavator unit eg a hydraulic gripper
  • the excavator tool preferably comprises a gripper or bucket tool, such as clamshell buckets, wherein the associated gripper or blade parts are movable by means of the hydraulic unit relative to each other in an open and closed position. That is, the hydraulic gripper or blade tool is preferably driven by the hydraulic drive independently of the cable system.
  • the excavator tool with hydraulic drive can z. B. be a motor hydraulic gripper.
  • the hydraulic unit preferably comprises an electric drive unit and is supplied with power via an entrained electric cable.
  • a hydraulically operated excavator unit is particularly advantageous for large depths, because here the closing force of the gripper is independent of the lowering depth of the excavator unit.
  • the hydraulic unit can, for. B. a force, for. As closing force of up to 300 bar produce.
  • a force for. As closing force of up to 300 bar produce.
  • Drops the excavator tool for example, in a muddy ground, so high tensile forces are sometimes necessary due to a vacuum effect to pull out the excavator tool to solve this from the ground. Such tensile forces may not be applied by the lifting device alone.
  • the closing and opening process can also be due to the high forces to be applied and / or due to an unfavorable inclined position the excavator tool or due to pinched closing and opening cables be impossible.
  • the hydraulic unit is independent of the position of the excavator tool capable of applying sufficient force to operate the excavator tool in such a situation (opening and closing).
  • opening and closing the underground excavator tool this can be exposed, reduce the vacuum effect, and lift with unequal lesser force on the traction cables and pull out of the ground.
  • Such subsidence into the ground may occur, for example, when the excavator tool is lowered at a (too) high speed and placed on the ground.
  • the lifting device of the cable excavator preferably comprises a drive unit for moving and guiding the cables via the winches or a rope hoist.
  • the excavator unit is preferably guided and carried over a portal frame or construction spanning the work area. Under gantry or construction fall here also yoke or Bockgerüste.
  • the construction is expediently a steel construction and moreover has a guide rail with a traveling trolley along which the excavating unit is suspended by the cable guide.
  • the trolley may have a winch and / or pulleys for the cables for raising and lowering the excavator unit.
  • Such facilities are also known under the name Katzanlagen.
  • the excavator unit may also be carried and guided via a boom scaffold or construction.
  • the crawler crane is preferably designed so that it can also promote larger coarse material such as tree trunks, roots, large stones or boulders to the surface.
  • the described cable excavator allows z. B. a dredging depth of up to 200 m below the water level, which generally allows a widespread depletion of deposits in the waters.
  • the drives of the cable excavator, such. B. the lifting device and the hydraulic unit for operating the excavator tool are preferably electrically operated.
  • the crawler may further comprise means for recovering electrical energy when lowering the excavator unit to the bottom of the water.
  • These agents can z. B. be designed as Rekuperationsbremse.
  • the winch motors can run when lowering the excavator tool as a generator.
  • the screen-type deposition device preferably comprises a separation screen on which coarse materials with a diameter corresponding to the mesh size can be deposited, while small-grained material such as sand, gravel or clay can fall through the separation screen.
  • the sieve mesh size is chosen so that coarse materials, which can not be transported by means of the solids pump due to their size, are retained. For example, coarse materials with a diameter of greater than 80% of the diameter of the transport line can no longer be conveyed by means of the solids pump. If "sieve” is mentioned below, then a grate, grill or rake should also be covered by this name.
  • the separation screen can z. B. have a grid with parallel juxtaposed rods.
  • the separation screen can be a vibration separation screen or a vibrating screen, which is driven by a vibration or vibration device.
  • the separating screen is preferably inclined, so that the deposited coarse material in the direction of the inclination from the separating screen, z. B. by vibration or vibration and gravity support, can be carried away.
  • the separation screen can z. B. roof-shaped inclined.
  • the vibrating or vibrating device can be hydraulically driven.
  • the associated hydraulic unit or another drive device for carrying out the vibration or vibration movement is preferably operated electrically.
  • the crawler crane and the separation device can be designed and arranged on the floating body so that the excavator tool can unload the highly conveyed material directly above the separation screen of the separation device or a collecting funnel arranged above it.
  • an unloading device such as tilting device can be provided with Ablade characteristics on which the excavator tool can settle the highly subsidized material, and which then forwards the deposited material to the separator.
  • the material can then be conveyed onto the separation screen via a tilting movement of the unloading surface.
  • the tilting device may comprise a hydraulic unit for executing the tilting movement, which, like any other conceivable drive device, is likewise preferably electrically operated for this purpose.
  • the unloading device can also be a, z. B.
  • ramp-shaped, task chute or chute which is preferably horizontally movable and / or hydraulically tiltable.
  • the unloader is z.
  • a routing device is preferably provided.
  • the removal device can be designed to transport the coarse materials from the separation screen directly onto a cargo watercraft which is placed next to the float.
  • the WegLab issued z.
  • the WegLabLab issued z.
  • the cargo watercraft can be equipped with own or without own drive.
  • the cargo watercraft is preferably a cargo ship such. B. a barge.
  • a mixing device is provided with a mixing container, in which the guided with gravity support through the separating screen and optionally through a subsequent subsequent collecting funnel fine material falls after the screening process.
  • the collecting funnel may be part of a high silo, which z. B. is combined with a crane bridge.
  • the mixing device contains means for mixing and homogenizing the supplied fine material. These agents are preferably one or more mixing screws, in particular two or more counter-rotating mixing screws.
  • the mixing screws are preferably driven by a hydraulic motor or electric motor.
  • fine material is explained in more detail below.
  • the mixing device preferably comprises a receiving hopper, to which the homogenised fine material is fed after the mixing process.
  • a receiving hopper to which the homogenised fine material is fed after the mixing process.
  • means for supplying lubricant such as water
  • the supplied fine material is namely due to the water pressure at the bottom of the water often extremely compact and has a relatively low water content. In this consistency it is not suitable for pumping. Therefore, the puncture resistant material is mixed in the mixing device and optionally supplemented with a lubricant and processed into a pumpable mixture.
  • the mixture may, for. B. present as pasty porridge.
  • the pumpable fine material supplied to the receiving hopper can be pressed under high pressure into the closed line body of the floating line via the solids pump arranged on the floating body. It finds consequently a hydraulic transport takes place.
  • the solids pump is for pump delivery pressures of z. B. 70 to 130 bar designed.
  • one or more relay pumps may additionally be provided along the transport line. The relay pump may be located on land or on an additional float on the water.
  • the solids pump is a valveless piston pump and allows the conveyance of solid material with comparatively low liquid content. That is, the solid pump does not require a liquid carrier medium. The addition of a liquid component such as water is required at most to convert the material to be pumped into a pumpable consistency.
  • the solids pump is a hydraulic, in particular oil-hydraulic, two-cylinder thick matter pump whose cylinders can be connected in operation via a diverter valve with a subsequent, closed pipe (transport line).
  • the two alternately operating delivery cylinder open via frontal openings in a material feed container.
  • the material feed container which z. B. is a hopper or funnel, includes an inlet opening through which the pumpable fine material is supplied from the mixing device.
  • Such solids pumps which operate on the same, above-mentioned basic principle are, for example, in the publications EP-A-0 297 281 and EP-A-0 849 469 whose contents are hereby explicitly referred to.
  • a diverter valve which can be connected alternately to the openings of the delivery cylinders and opens the respective other opening and is arranged on the exit side with a delivery line, is arranged.
  • the diverter thus connects each of the delivery cylinder with the delivery line.
  • a hydraulic piston is guided in each of the two cylinders. On its return stroke sucks this pumpable material from the material feed tank, which then on its forward stroke on the switched diverter valve is pressed into the conveyor line.
  • the pistons operate alternately in the two cylinders, so that in a uniform cycle material is pressed by the changing between the two cylinder openings pipe switch into the delivery line. That is, while the material is pressed from the one cylinder via the diverter valve in the delivery line by the piston stroke, material is sucked in the other cylinder by the backward stroke of the piston.
  • a shut-off device is preferably arranged behind the pipe switch.
  • the obturator in the pressure tube allows working against a high pressure without the risk of material backflow during switching of the diverter valve and the passage of a compression stroke before the actual delivery.
  • a lubricant such as water
  • one or more annular nozzle may be provided in the line body in the line body of the transport line. About the annular nozzle, a lubricant is discharged into the line body, which forms a sliding film between the inner line wall and the conveyed.
  • annular nozzles arranged at specific intervals relative to each other for supplying a lubricant and renewing the lubricant film are preferably provided in the conveying line.
  • the annular nozzle thus serves primarily to form a lubricating film and not necessarily to influence the lubricant content in the conveyed material.
  • the number of ring nozzles also depends in particular on the length of the delivery line. By forming such a lubricant film in the delivery line, the discharge pressure can be lowered. This is z. B. at long delivery lines advantage.
  • the solid pump described allows a quasi-continuous promotion with free flow of fluid passage and in particular without any valve technology. Foreign objects in the conveyed material can thus be conveyed up to a particle size of 50%, in particular 80%, of the diameter of the transport line.
  • the solids pump is therefore particularly suitable for conveying highly viscous sludges and conveying materials with a high coarse fraction.
  • the solids pump is preferably driven by an electro-hydraulic drive.
  • the solids pump is characterized by the fact that the mined material can be conveyed without a carrier medium, whereby a high energy saving is achieved. In this case, no separate settling tanks are necessary in which the pumped material must be drained. Furthermore, no carrier medium is to be disposed of as wastewater.
  • the swim line through which the fine material is pumped, is on floating elements or buoyancy elements, such. B. swimming buoys, stored or guided.
  • the swim line can be guided by the buoyancy effect of the buoyancy elements above, on or below, in particular directly below the water surface.
  • the floating elements may be continuous along the line course and / or formed as separate floating islands.
  • the line is designed as a high pressure line.
  • the actual line body is preferably made of pressure-resistant, interconnected pipes.
  • the tubes can z. B. made of steel or plastic.
  • the pipe diameter is z. B. greater than 50 mm, preferably greater than 100 mm and in particular greater than or equal to 150 mm.
  • the pipe diameter z. B. less than 400 mm, preferably smaller 350 mm and in particular less than or equal to 300 mm.
  • the tube diameter is particularly preferably between 250 mm and 350 mm.
  • the swim line can be several 10 or 100 meters long.
  • the delivery lines can reach lengths of over 2000 m.
  • the maximum possible length of the line depends in particular on the consistency of the material to be pumped and on the cable routing.
  • the delivery line routed via the water can be continued up to a delivery point on land.
  • the pumped fine material is deposited, for example, in a permanent or temporary landfill or loaded directly into a means of transport, such as dump trucks, for transport.
  • the electric cable can also, as explained below, separately and independently of the delivery line out on the water and be held on their own buoyancy elements on, on or immediately below the water surface.
  • the system further preferably includes a position detection device for position and preferably also position determination of the floating body or parts thereof on the water. These parts may e.g. Gripper unit or sensor means, as explained below, be on the float.
  • system preferably also contains a positioning device for position and preferably also position control of the floating body or of the cable excavator.
  • the position of the floating body means the location of the floating body or of a reference point representing the floating body in a coordinate system.
  • the position of the floating body means the orientation of the floating body around a rotation axis in the coordinate system.
  • the position detection device preferably comprises a satellite positioning system for position and preferably also position determination and navigation on the water by receiving the signals from navigation satellites.
  • the satellite positioning system can, for.
  • the GPS Global Positioning System
  • the position detection device further includes means for data processing.
  • These funds include, inter alia, data processing software and a computer.
  • the position detection device comprises one, two or more receivers, which receive signals from navigation satellites, from which each position can then be determined. Since the system can also rotate in addition to a linear displacement, at least two receivers spaced laterally from one another are necessary for determining the position of the system and for determining its orientation or lye on the water. This is particularly important when interacting with a sensor device for detecting the topography and / or the condition of the riverbed, as described below.
  • the position detection device may further comprise means which allow to detect and process correction data by means of which any system-related inaccuracies in the position determination can be corrected.
  • This system works together with at least one fixed receiver, a so-called reference station, whose position is exactly determined and by means of which any position determination errors can be determined and corrected.
  • the receivers of the position detection device are particularly preferably designed as DGPS receivers (Differential Global Positioning System - global position system (with) differential (signal)).
  • the position detection device may also include one or more tachymeters or theodolites for determining the position and optionally position of the float, which z. B. are used when no satellite reception is possible for topographical reasons.
  • Tachymetric measurements can be made by means of the devices mentioned.
  • the devices can be equipped, for example, for (fully) automatic operation. With the help of the position detection device, the locations for the float or crawler crane, sensor means and / or for measuring points (see below) can be determined.
  • the system can now be navigated on the basis of the positions detected by the position detection device on the positioning device on the water.
  • the positioning device preferably also includes means for position control of the float.
  • These means preferably comprise a winch system with one or more mooring winches.
  • the mooring winches mounted on the float allow the hauling, i. moving the float over a certain distance without its own drive, such. B. engine.
  • the floating body is moved by means of connecting lines assigned to the mooring winches, which are fastened to remote fixed points, such as the dam wall, rock wall, shore section, etc.
  • the mooring winches are also preferably powered by electric drives.
  • the Verholwindensystem contains four mooring winches for exact positioning of the float.
  • sensor means for detecting the topography and / or condition of the river bed before, during and / or after dismantling may be provided on the system.
  • the sensor means serve z. B. the previous detection of the topography / nature of the entire water body or a section thereof, the degradation control and / or the follow-up.
  • the sensor means can on the system, ie on the float, arranged and / or attached to the excavator unit.
  • the sensor means for determining the condition of the riverbed can z. B. be designed so that can be determined with the data obtained, the topography of the grown terrain and the current topography with the deposits and, accordingly, the thickness and possibly the nature of the deposits, such as stones, mud, gravel.
  • the sensor means may be designed to detect certain physical properties of lying on the bottom of the water underground, which provides information about the nature of the substrate, such. B. give the density or the water content of the deposits or the grown terrain.
  • the determination of the thickness of the deposits and, if appropriate, the type of deposits allows a reliable planning of the temporal degradation process as well as of the degradation agents to be used for this process.
  • boulders can be detected, which z. B. can not be lifted with the excavator unit.
  • other objects can be located on the bottom of the water in this way, which z. B. could disrupt the mining business or damage equipment.
  • the sensor means may, for. B. echo sounder with corresponding evaluation means, by means of which z. B. the depth of the body of water below the water level and the thickness of the sediment deposited by sediment and be removed sediment can be determined. This also makes it possible to determine the depth of the underlying naturally grown ground.
  • the system can z. B. one, two, three or more laterally spaced apart arranged sensor means, in particular echosounders, containing the topography / nature (Grown reason, thickness of the deposits, type of deposits, etc.) of the ground below and in the immediate vicinity of the plant or of the float.
  • the position detection device can also assign the sensor data or the evaluation data regarding the topography and / or the nature of the water body and the associated location coordinates. In this way, the data relating to the topography and / or condition of the river bottom can be assigned to a coordinate system.
  • the abovementioned devices and sensor means make it possible to control the system or the floating body on the basis of previously acquired data on the topography and / or condition of the river bed, whereby only changes in the topography and / or nature are still present on the floating body by means of the sensor means of the river bottom due to material removal as well as regions not yet covered.
  • the system preferably also contains means for processing the sensor data and in particular for data visualization on a display device, such as screen.
  • These funds include, inter alia, data processing software and a computer.
  • the determined sensor data by means of appropriate software applications computationally processed to a virtual basic topography (3-D model) and be visualized.
  • the excavator operator or a plant control can control or regulate the material degradation.
  • the measurement data on the topography and the nature of the riverbed z. B. the excavator operator or the control or regulating device show whether he still abatement sediments, approaching the naturally grown reason or already abolishes this.
  • the excavator operator can z. B. via a display device, a virtual image of the topography of the body of water over which he is currently located, are provided.
  • the degradation process can also be fully automated.
  • the sensor means may also include angle and position sensors, cameras or ultrasonic sensors which z. B. are mounted on the float and / or on the excavator unit.
  • the system also preferably comprises a control or regulating device for automatically positioning the float based on the determined satellite signals, in particular GPS signals and / or sensor data from the gripper unit. This can be part of the positioning device. Furthermore, the control or regulating device can also be used for horizontal and / or vertical positioning of the gripper unit of the rope gripper.
  • the topography and / or nature of the body of water can also be detected by a mobile, independently of the system movable measuring unit.
  • the above-mentioned sensor means in particular one or more echosound sensors, one or more of the above-mentioned receivers of a satellite positioning system for position and optionally position determination as well as data acquisition and ev.
  • Processing means may be housed on a separate float.
  • the float preferably contains its own drive.
  • the float can be operated remotely. He can also be manned.
  • the float is preferably designed as a boat.
  • the topography and / or condition of the riverbed can now be recorded and digitized in advance.
  • the acquired data regarding topography and / or condition can now be taken over by the system.
  • the plant can then control the mining using the data obtained without the plant having to first collect and process that data before the mining process begins.
  • the drive means for operating the solids pump, the cable excavator, the mixing device and optionally the separator or the vibrating screen and the mooring winches are operated with electrical energy. That is, the corresponding devices, in particular the hydraulic units, are driven by electric motors.
  • the electrical energy can be obtained from a high voltage source be, which z. B. is provided by the power plant operators on site. If on site no electrical energy from the power plant operator or from a network can be obtained, it is also possible that z. B. on land or on the dam one or more, z. B. fuel-powered power generating units are provided which generate the required electrical energy.
  • the system preferably comprises an electrical device arranged on the floating body with at least one transformer for converting the electrical voltage and / or the frequency, so that the electric drives can be operated on the floating body with electric current of the necessary voltage and frequency.
  • the electric current is passed as a low voltage or preferably as a high voltage to the float.
  • the electric current is suitably guided via an electrical line to the float. This line can be guided on its own buoyancy elements and independently of the delivery line above, on or (just) below the water surface. It is also possible for the electrical line to be guided in parallel to the delivery line and via the buoyancy elements of the delivery line.
  • high voltage is meant in this context a voltage from 1 kV (kilovolts).
  • Low voltage is understood to mean a voltage in the range below 1 kV.
  • Typical voltages such as those provided in distribution or transport networks in the high voltage range and which can be used to supply the floating body, are 3 kV, 6 kV, 10 kV, 15 kV, 20 kV, 30 kV, 60 kV or 110 kV. This area is also called medium voltage.
  • the system is preferably supplied via the swim line with a voltage of 1 to 110 kV, in particular from 1 to 30 kV.
  • the deposit are released from the bottom of the lake, taken, brought to the surface and fed to the float of the further treatment.
  • the detachment and gripping of the deposits takes place via gripper tools, which are driven by hydraulic motors.
  • the hydraulic motors are connected via an electrical line, which z. B. is guided in addition to the hoisting ropes, supplied from the float with electrical energy.
  • the highly-promoted material which may be very inhomogeneous, is subsequently supplied to the separation device by the gripper, optionally via an unloading device.
  • the coarse materials are separated from the fine material by sieving.
  • fine material is here to understand that material which is smaller than the mesh size of the screen and therefore is not discarded as coarse material on the separation screen.
  • fine material can be such.
  • the separation of the coarse material from the fine material can be supported by shaking movements or vibration of the separation screen.
  • the retained on the separation screen coarse materials such as larger stones, boulders, tree trunks, roots and the like., Are transported away from the separation screen, z. B. by the shaking movement, led away via a corresponding WegLab Road and loaded onto a cargo watercraft, especially a barge.
  • the coarse materials are then carried away by means of the cargo watercraft separated from the fine material.
  • the coarse materials z. B. transferred to land or transported to another point in the lake and there deposited or tilted.
  • the fine material falls through the separation screen into a, arranged under this receptacle of a mixing device, which z. B. may be formed as a trough or tub.
  • a mixing device which z. B. may be formed as a trough or tub.
  • the material for. B. by means of two counter-rotating screws, further loosened, mixed and homogenized.
  • the screws can also be driven electro-hydraulically.
  • a lubricant such as water
  • the fine material is helped by the mixing process and optionally by supplying a lubricant to a pasty consistency.
  • the amount of lubricant supplied and thus the desired lubricant content in the conveyed depends inter alia on the nature of the transported material.
  • the pumpable mixture is fed to the material feed tank of the solids pump and pressed from there by reciprocating piston in the transport line and pumped under high pressure through the transport line on the water on land. Subsequently, the material is landfilled or discharged on site.
  • the inventive system and the associated method find z. B. Application on waters such as lakes, rivers, canals or in coastal areas.
  • the plant according to the invention and the associated method find particular application for the removal of material deposits in the water or storage area of a hydrotechnical structure.
  • Hydrotechnical structures include z. B. facilities for shipping, such as shipping channels and port facilities (docks).
  • the hydro-technical structures also include facilities such as reservoirs or dams, and generally hydropower buildings with behind it storage areas.
  • Such structures can the generation of electrical energy from hydropower, the recovery of industrial water, z. B. for agricultural irrigation or drinking water, or flood protection.
  • the inventive system is used in particular the elimination of material deposits from a reservoir, especially in front of a dam, z. B. in the area of a water drain, such as bottom outlet.
  • the plant is due to their inventive design particularly preferred application in hydraulic engineering structures, which are in poorly accessible areas, such as mountains.
  • sediment and debris can be removed from the retaining space of the power plant independently of the operation of the power plant.
  • This system can be operated in particular during ongoing power production and at maximum water level of the reservoir.
  • the system and especially the float are adaptable to a fluctuating water level.
  • the environment is not burdened by an unnatural drainage, as is the case with a flush.
  • the system is universally applicable, simple in its construction, robust as well as reliable and safe in its operation. Furthermore, the system is easy to use, so that after such training z. B. also operable by power plant personnel. When transported in closed delivery lines, there are no odor emissions, such as those caused by rotting sludge.
  • the modular design allows the system to be transported to remote and poorly developed areas on narrow streets or over the air.
  • the system is also very mobile, in the application flexible and easy as well as repeatedly assembled and disassembled and transportable in individual parts. Furthermore, the system ensures efficient removal and the safe, reliable removal of material deposits from the water. Furthermore, the system is easy to use.
  • the inventive Appendix 1 according to FIG. 1 is used for high conveying and removal of deposits from the bottom 3 of a dam 2 dammed up by a dam.
  • the plant 1 comprises a floating on the water surface 4, modular pontoon 6, which forms a working platform.
  • a crawler 7 is arranged, which contains a lowerable on a hoist rope 13 excavator unit 9.
  • the hoist rope 13 is guided via a winch 14 carried on a trolley 12.
  • the winch 14 is driven by an electric motor 15.
  • the trolley 12 is guided along a rail guide attached to a portal structure 8.
  • the over the hoist rope 13 vertically movable excavator unit 9 comprises a gripper tool 10 with its own hydraulic drive 11 for moving the gripper parts.
  • the hydraulic drive success via an electric drive unit and is supplied via a, along the hoisting cable 13 entrained electric cable with electrical energy.
  • a tilting device 16 is further provided, on which the highly promoted by the rope excavator 7 material is unloaded, and on which the unloaded material is fed via a tilting mechanism with gravity support a likewise arranged on the pontoon 6 separator 17.
  • the separation device 17 contains a vibrating screen 27, on which coarse matter is precipitated and transported via a chute 19, also with gravity support, onto a barge 5.
  • the fine material is passed through the Rüttelsieb 27 and falls, also by gravity support, in the mixing trough 25 of a arranged under the separator 17 mixing device 18.
  • Two counter-rotating mixing 26 homogenize the fine material. Water is supplied via a lubricant metering device 23 in order to give the fine material which is dry per se a pasty, pumpable consistency.
  • the homogenized material is fed, preferably also by means of gravity support, to a material feed container arranged directly or obliquely below the mixing trough 25, to a solids pump 22 arranged on the pontoon 6.
  • the fine material is conveyed via a high-pressure transport line 21 to a delivery point on land.
  • the solids pump 22 is operated by means of a, arranged on the pontoon 6 hydraulic unit 24, in which z. B. already a cabinet is integrated.
  • the hydraulic unit 24 is driven by an electric drive 28.
  • the high-pressure transport line 21 leads from the pontoon 6 via the water surface to a delivery point on land.
  • the high-pressure transport line 21 is formed above the water surface 4 corresponding as a swim line.
  • On the pontoon are also a control and electrical equipment 20, such. As a transformer provided.
  • the position position of the pontoon 6 is controlled by a Verholwindensystem 29.
  • a total of four mooring winches 31 are provided with respective Verholleinen 32.
  • the Verholleinen 32 are at one distant fixed point, fixed like rock face.
  • the mooring winches 31 are driven by an electric drive 30.
  • FIG. 2 shows the energy supply concept of another embodiment of a built on a reservoir of a hydrotechnical structure with dam wall 52, inventive system 51.
  • This includes a float 56 or pontoon with a work platform arranged thereon.
  • the float 56 receives a crawler 57 with boom frame 58.
  • the crawler 57 also comprises an excavator unit 59 guided on a hoisting cable 63 with a gripper tool 60 and a hydraulic drive 61 for operating the gripper tool 60.
  • the crawler 57 further comprises a lifting drive 65 for lifting and lowering the excavator unit 59.
  • the devices for supplying the system with electrical energy and the energy supply concept described below FIG. 2 are also according to the inventive system according to FIG. 1 combinable and vice versa.
  • This power supply device 70 is z. B. a high voltage source, which supplies via a supply line 71 electrical energy to a transformer 72.
  • the transformer 72 provides electrical power in the high voltage range, e.g. B. in the range 10 to 20 kV, available.
  • the output voltage to be transformed can z. B. 50 kV.
  • the power supply device 70 and the transformer 72 need not be physically separate.
  • the device designated by the reference numeral 70 may also be a fuel-powered power supply unit which is on land (eg Shore or on the dam wall). According to this embodiment, a transformer 72 may or may not be provided.
  • the system 51 draws its electrical current from the connection device or transformer 72 as a high voltage.
  • This high voltage is z. B. 10 to 20 kV.
  • connection electrical line eg., A cable
  • the electrical line is preferably designed to be flexible.
  • the electrical line can z. B. be designed for a peak load of 1,600 kVA. This occurs when at the same time the crawler 57 pulls the excavator unit 59 under maximum load and the solids pump and the vibrating screen and possibly a Verholwinde are in operation.
  • a take-up reel 75 or cable drum On the floating body 56 is a take-up reel 75 or cable drum on which the guided over the water electrical cable 73 depending on the required length depending on the position of the float 56 on the waters up or unwound.
  • the take-up roll 75 which thus provides a cable reserve, is not a mandatory feature.
  • an electrical device 76 which contains one or more transformers for converting the supplied electrical energy of a uniform voltage, preferably a high voltage, in one or more consumer voltages. These consumer voltages are z. B. high or low voltages.
  • the solid pump 62 and the hydraulic unit are driven by a high voltage motor 77 of about 5 to 10 kV. This can have a capacity of approx. 400 kW. Such an electric drive is characterized by its excellent energy efficiency.
  • a speed-controlled drive is expediently provided for procedural reasons. Under certain circumstances, this necessitates the use of a frequency converter 78 in the high-voltage region, which supplies the cable-cultivator drive 65 with electrical current via an electrical line 79.
  • the crawler drive can z. B. include an asynchronous motor, which can also be operated as a generator for energy recovery.
  • the system 51 also includes a position detection device whose data are used for position and preferably position determination and for navigation of the float 56 on the water.
  • the position detection device preferably comprises a satellite positioning system with receivers and evaluation means, by means of which signals from navigation satellites can be received and evaluated.
  • two laterally spaced DGPS receiver 81 are provided on the floating body.
  • system 51 includes a total of three arranged on the float 56 sensor means 80 in the form of echo sounders for detecting the topography and optionally the nature of the body of water below and in the immediate vicinity of the float 56.

Claims (11)

  1. Installation (1) d'enlèvement de dépôts de matières dans des plans d'eau, l'installation (1) présentant les dispositifs suivants :
    un corps flottant (6),
    une drague (7) à câbles disposée sur le corps flottant (6) et dotée d'un dispositif de levage (14),
    un dispositif (17) de séparation par tamisage disposé sur le corps flottant (6), pour la séparation de matières grossières,
    un dispositif de mélange (18) disposé sur le corps flottant (6) pour le mélange et l'homogénéisation de la matière séparée,
    caractérisée par
    un conduit flottant fermé (21) qui transporte à travers le plan d'eau la matière enlevée depuis le corps flottant (6) jusqu'à un emplacement situé à distance du corps flottant (6),
    une pompe hydraulique (22) à deux cylindres pour matières épaisses disposée sur le corps flottant (6), dont les cylindres coopèrent avec un aiguillage tubulaire au moyen duquel la matière enlevée peut être pompée dans le conduit flottant (21) en y appliquant une pression.
  2. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le corps flottant (6) a une structure modulaire, peut être monté et démonté et contient des éléments de flottation reliés de manière libérable les uns aux autres.
  3. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que les entraînements de la pompe à matières denses, de la drague à câbles et du dispositif de mélange sont actionnés au moyen de moteurs électriques et en ce que dans ce but, un conducteur électrique est relié au corps flottant (6) sur des éléments de flottation disposés à la surface de l'eau.
  4. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que l'installation (1) présente un dispositif d'évacuation (19) au moyen duquel les matières grossières séparées par le dispositif de séparation (17) peuvent être transportées sur un bâtiment de transport (16) placé à côté du corps flottant (6).
  5. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la drague (7) à câbles présente une unité de dragage (9) guidée sur un ou plusieurs câbles (13) et apte à être abaissée sur ces derniers, dotée d'un outil de dragage (10) et d'un entraînement hydraulique (11) qui déplace l'outil de dragage en vue de reprendre les dépôts de matières sur le fond du plan d'eau.
  6. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'installation (1) contient un dispositif (23) d'amenée d'un agent lubrifiant qui amène un agent lubrifiant, par exemple de l'eau, dans le dispositif de mélange (18) et/ou dans la pompe (22) à matières denses en vue d'améliorer la capacité de glissement du mélange pompé.
  7. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'un dispositif de déchargement (16) doté d'une surface de déchargement sur laquelle la matière relevée par la drague (7) à câble peut être transférée et au moyen de laquelle le matériau peut être transporté vers le dispositif de séparation (17) est prévu sur le corps flottant (6).
  8. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que l'installation (51), en particulier le corps flottant (56), contient un dispositif (81) de saisie de position qui permet de saisir la position et de préférence également l'orientation du corps flottant (56), et de préférence aussi un dispositif de positionnement qui commande la position du corps flottant (56) ou de la drague à câble.
  9. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que l'installation (1) comporte un système de treuil d'amarrage qui coopère avec le corps flottant (6) et doté d'un ou plusieurs treuils d'amarrage permettant de positionner et de déplacer le corps flottant (6) sur l'eau.
  10. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que l'installation (51), en particulier le corps flottant (56), contient des moyens de capteur (80), en particulier une ou plusieurs sondes à écho, qui saisissent la topographie et/ou la nature du fond du plan d'eau, en particulier pour le contrôle de l'enlèvement ou le contrôle final.
  11. Procédé d'enlèvement de dépôts de matières dans des plans d'eau par recours à une installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, le procédé présentant les étapes suivantes :
    détacher et saisir des dépôts de matière sur le fond (3) du plan d'eau et relever la matière vers un corps flottant (6) au moyen d'une drague (7) à câbles,
    transférer la matière au dispositif de séparation (17) et séparation des matières grossières,
    transférer les matières grossières vers un bâtiment de transport (5) qui les évacue vers un emplacement situé à distance du corps flottant (6),
    amener le matériau fin séparé par tamisage des matières grossières vers un dispositif de mélange (18),
    mélanger le matériau fin et préparer un mélange pompable dans le dispositif de mélange (18),
    caractérisé par l'étape suivante :
    au moyen d'une pompe hydraulique (22) à deux cylindres pour matières épaisses dont les cylindres coopèrent avec un aiguillage tubulaire, transport du matériau fin préparé par le dispositif de mélange (18) vers un emplacement situé à distance du corps flottant (6) par un conduit flottant (21) fermé.
EP12405041.0A 2011-05-06 2012-05-03 Dispositif et procédé de prélèvement de dépôts de matériaux du réservoir d'une construction hydrotechnique Active EP2520726B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH7822011A CH704904B1 (de) 2011-05-06 2011-05-06 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Entnahme von Material-Ablagerungen aus Gewässern.

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EP2520726B1 true EP2520726B1 (fr) 2018-06-27

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CN106149782B (zh) * 2015-12-09 2018-06-22 徐少钢 一种大跨度移动组合式索道悬挂铲挖抓吊牵引搬运系统
CN107938737A (zh) * 2017-11-15 2018-04-20 中交天津港航勘察设计研究院有限公司 一种河湖污染底泥环保疏浚固化处置连续化处理方法
CN108149734A (zh) * 2017-12-21 2018-06-12 安徽永强水利设备有限公司 一种用于水利清污的抓斗
BR112020016733B1 (pt) 2018-02-22 2022-01-18 Detering Michael Dispositivo para uma transferência de sedimento em águas e, também, método para uma transferência de sedimento em águas
CN109339137A (zh) * 2018-09-27 2019-02-15 四川达虹宇建筑工程有限公司 一种水利施工装置
CN110616767A (zh) * 2019-09-25 2019-12-27 三一重机有限公司 挖掘机、遮阳方法和控制装置
CN115262681B (zh) * 2022-08-29 2023-10-17 宁夏回族自治区水利工程建设中心 用于泵站进水池内射流冲淤自清洁装置及系统

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