EP3198082B1 - Procédé d'érosion artificielle de bassins de retenue - Google Patents

Procédé d'érosion artificielle de bassins de retenue Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3198082B1
EP3198082B1 EP15766485.5A EP15766485A EP3198082B1 EP 3198082 B1 EP3198082 B1 EP 3198082B1 EP 15766485 A EP15766485 A EP 15766485A EP 3198082 B1 EP3198082 B1 EP 3198082B1
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Prior art keywords
water
sediments
sediment
underwater
backwater
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EP15766485.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3198082A1 (fr
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Dietrich Bartelt
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
    • E02B3/023—Removing sediments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
    • E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
    • E02B8/085—Devices allowing fish migration, e.g. fish traps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/10—Submerged units incorporating electric generators or motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the artificial erosion of backwater, such as reservoirs, dams or dammed natural lakes and other significantly modified bodies of water.
  • Fluvial i.e. sediments transported by rivers, such as solution load, suspended or suspended load, and rubble or solid load, are ecologically important for rivers.
  • the solid load is transported by the river either salting or rolling-pushing.
  • Sedimentation processes occur in unobstructed rivers, i. H. the deposition of the fluvial transport sediments, and erosion processes, d. H. the removal of sediments, mostly in equilibrium. If a body of water is dammed up, the flow cross-section of the river changes over large areas. This change in cross-section results in a slowdown in the flow rate, with the sediments being deposited and not transported further.
  • the fluvial sediment is needed by rivers to compensate for sedimentation processes elsewhere. This has an impact on flood protection in particular, since desedimented rivers transport water faster and flood waves are thus moved faster and also have greater amplitudes. Also z. B. at the feet of a dam or a dam, there is often severe erosion, which can affect the stability of the dam in a safety-critical manner.
  • solids, living beings and gases such as carbon dioxide, oxygen and methane are found in the rivers or other putrefaction gases, and energy, especially in the form of flow rate and temperature, transported. If the transport is prevented or severely impaired by damming, there will also be ecological consequences downstream of the dam. Nutrients are often less contained in the water when suspended matter has settled in the backwater.
  • DE 29 37 612 A1 which is considered to be the closest prior art, discloses a bed load deposit with an bed load feed in the bed of a river that is subject to bed erosion, a gravel-sand mixture with a sliding grain composition like that naturally occurring on the bed being deposited on the bed of the river at the beginning of the erosion stretch becomes.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the known prior art.
  • a method for the artificial erosion of backwater is proposed, a distribution of the mean grain sizes of sediments of the backwater over the base area of the backwater being determined.
  • the underwater and / or the backwater and / or at least one body of water flowing into the backwater is monitored limnologically, the limnological data being used to determine a sediment requirement of the underwater, and at least one shift of the sediments of the underwater takes place in accordance with the sediment requirement of the underwater Backwater in the underwater.
  • at least a requirement for the amount and grain size of the sediment for the underwater are determined.
  • the artificial erosion is advantageously carried out by mechanical uptake of the sediments.
  • the advantage of the proposed method is that by determining the sediment requirement of the underwater and introducing the corresponding sediment from the backwater into the underwater, it is possible to reproduce ecologically optimal sediment conditions in the underwater.
  • Another advantage of the described method is that at certain events or at certain times, for example for flood protection, increased sediment entry into the underwater can take place, for example, to reduce the flow energy of an underwater and thus regulate or control the amplitude and / or flow speed .
  • the rivers or bodies of water that flow into the backwater carry a large amount of sediment into the backwater with a wide range of grain sizes.
  • the flowing water is slowed down as it approaches the dam, so that sediment that has been transported gradually falls out.
  • a sediment distribution can be observed in backwaters, whereby rubble and gravel fall out first and thus collect further away from the dam than sand and mostly only silt and clay can be found on the dam itself.
  • the mean grain size of the sediment in the backwater of fine sediment which has a mean grain size below about 0.2 mm, preferably fine sand with a mean grain size below about 0.2 mm and silt and clay with a mean grain size below about 0.063 mm, through medium sand and large sand with an average grain size of about 0.2 mm and more to gravel with an average grain size of more than about 2 mm, in particular up to about 63 mm.
  • the finest sediment also includes very small particles with an average grain size of less than 0.01 mm. These also include, in particular, nanoparticles and / or deposits of nanoparticles, in particular with an average grain size of 1 nm to 300 nm or 1 nm to 100 nm.
  • the determination of the grain size distribution can be done arithmetically or via estimation, in particular with the aid of the measured or calculated flow velocity.
  • the determination of the distribution of the mean grain size of the sediments in the backwater takes place by means of sampling or sighting.
  • the flow rate can be based on calculated or measured water level, calculated or measured precipitation, calculated or measured air temperature, calculated or measured air pressure, calculated or measured air humidity, calculated or measured wind speed, calculated or measured evaporation or calculated or measured other data, including any combination of these with one another, can be determined.
  • a finger test according to DIN 19682-2 for sand, loam, silt and clays and / or a dry sieving according to DIN 66165-2 for sand, gravel and rubble is preferably carried out to determine the sediment.
  • the sediments of the backwater are removed, which have approximately a mean grain size that corresponds to the sediment requirement of the underwater.
  • the longer period is in particular about a day to about a year, more preferably about a day to about a week, more preferably about a week to about a month, more preferably about a month to about a year.
  • a sediment requirement of the underwater is understood in particular as a punctual sediment requirement. This can be determined at any point in the underwater, for example as part of a limnological monitoring. This includes, for example, a finger test in accordance with DIN 19682-2 and / or dry sieving in accordance with DIN 66165-2. It is particularly preferred to select a point for the determination at the point that is typical for the underwater area Flow conditions and flow velocities prevail. Such a point is generally spaced from the dam.
  • a sediment requirement of the underwater is also understood to mean, in particular, an averaged or interpolated sediment requirement. This can, for example, be based on parameters or samples determined at several points in the underwater.
  • a particularly important parameter is the flow rate. If this is particularly strong in the underwater, larger grain sizes are also missing in the underwater. At low flow velocities, sediments with a larger diameter are still present in the underwater. Then there is an increasing lack of sediments with small and medium grain sizes. Since the flow speed and other parameters of the underwater are largely decoupled from those of the backwater, it is not necessarily the case that the pent-up or "excess" sediments in the backwater are also missing in this amount in the underwater. Sediments of every grain size are also not necessarily required.
  • the method according to the invention therefore comprises a determination of a sediment requirement of the underwater, which is separate from the determination of a distribution of the mean grain size of sediments of the backwater.
  • the underwater and / or the backwater and / or at least one body of water flowing into the backwater is limnologically monitored.
  • Limnological monitoring includes lakes and rivers from their source to their confluence with a river or a sea or a lake or the river delta.
  • the limnological monitoring preferably includes hydrological monitoring, bathymetric monitoring, monitoring of the benthos and / or ecological monitoring.
  • a hydrological monitoring of at least part of the Water that is, the underwater, the backwater and / or at least one water that opens into the backwater is made.
  • hydrometric monitoring is provided.
  • a valve level of an outlet or the actual and / or planned outflow from the dam in particular through an underflow, a flood protection outflow, a drinking water extraction outflow and / or a turbine outflow, can be determined in the monitoring and preferably be included in the calculation of the sediment requirement.
  • the determination of the limnological data and possibly also other data, such as weather, is used according to the invention to determine the sediment requirement of the underwater.
  • the determination of the limnological data of the backwater is used in particular to monitor the backwater from an ecological and / or drinking water perspective.
  • the artificial erosion can be stopped or temporarily interrupted if the removal and / or uptake of the sediment in the reservoir water results in an excessive introduction of methane into the reservoir water.
  • the sediment requirement of the underwater is determined by means of measurement data from the limnological monitoring.
  • the displacement of the sediments is controlled via a control circuit.
  • the displacement of the sediments in particular that in the removal site in the backwater or entry point in the underwater as well as the removal rate and other properties relevant for the removal and / or uptake, are regulated by the measurement data obtained from monitoring the underwater and, if applicable, the backwater.
  • the displacement of the sediments is controlled.
  • the displacement of the sediments is controlled as a function of opening levels, such as a bypass opening, a flood protection opening, an underflow opening and / or a turbine or drinking water extraction opening.
  • opening levels such as a bypass opening, a flood protection opening, an underflow opening and / or a turbine or drinking water extraction opening.
  • the removal and / or absorption takes place at least by means of a dredger, a flushing method and / or by means of an injection method.
  • at least one suction excavator such as a hopper excavator or cutter excavator is used.
  • air or water is injected into the sediments, in particular to loosen suspended particles or very fine sediments with a grain size of ⁇ 0.2 mm and to transport them away by means of a suction device or to allow them to be transported away by the current in the backwater .
  • intermediate depots In particular in the case where large sediment deposits already exist in the backwater, it may be necessary to provide intermediate depots in order to at least temporarily store excess sediment.
  • sediments from the backwater are taken up and stored in at least one intermediate depot.
  • the intermediate depot (s) can be designed as large basins or naturally occurring depressions in which the sediment is introduced at least temporarily.
  • the temporarily stored sediment is preferably additionally or solely fed to the underwater at a later point in time.
  • excess sediment that is not intended to be carried into the underwater is accommodated in rinsing fields.
  • the sediments are classified before being stored in the intermediate storage facility.
  • the sediment is classified according to the grain size, preferably according to the mean grain size, in particular by means of sieving.
  • a classification is carried out according to the location of the intake in the backwater or a hydraulic classification. The classification before storage in the intermediate depot simplifies the selection of the mean grain size from the intermediate depot, if, as provided in a further embodiment, the sediments of the intermediate depot are shifted into the underwater in accordance with the sediment requirement of the underwater.
  • the sediments are introduced in front of, in or behind an outlet of the backwater.
  • the entry is made in the vicinity of a turbine drain, a basic drain, a bypass or some other drain in backwater.
  • the term “in the vicinity” related to the discharge organs of the reservoir in question does not include the direct introduction of sediment deposits into the discharge organs or a deposition of the absorbed sediments immediately in front of, ie at no spacing in front of the discharge organ. Rather, the term “in the vicinity” is to be understood as meaning that the sediments are also introduced in the vicinity depending on the size of the discharge organ.
  • the sediments are transported in an area of at least about 1.5 m, more preferably at least about 2 m, even more preferably at least about 3 m in front of the outflow organ of the reservoir in question.
  • the distance will preferably be at least approximately 8 m, and preferably in a range from approximately 1 m to approximately 300 m, preferably approximately 1 m to approximately 100 m, more preferably approximately 1 m to approximately 50 m.
  • the sediment is introduced directly in front of the outflow organ or in the outflow organ.
  • the sediment is introduced directly into the underwater. It is particularly preferably provided that the sediment is introduced into the area of the water flowing into the underwater, that is, the sediment is z. B. introduced via a dam or around it in the vicinity or directly into the water flowing from the backwater into the underwater or into the underwater itself. It is furthermore preferably provided that the sediment is introduced into erosion areas, ie into areas of the underwater that are affected by erosion. Some dams are currently showing erosion damage in the area of their foundations, which this process could successfully repair or mitigate.
  • the entry of the sediments and the grain size distribution approximately correspond to the observed erosion of the corresponding area.
  • observation or “measurement” or “determination” is used in the context of the invention, then in particular electronic monitoring or optoelectronic monitoring or optoelectronic measurement or sensor monitoring is provided.
  • the entry point is varied.
  • the sediment can thus be transported between an entry in front of or in the dam or behind the dam at different entry points or one after the other.
  • two or more sediment removal points and sediment introduction points are provided, which are approached at the same time.
  • two, three or more suction dredgers or dredgers or combined with one or more dredgers, flushing or injection methods are provided in order to move the sediments.
  • the sediments of the backwater are shifted into the underwater by means of at least one conveyor system.
  • water from the backwater and / or substances and / or living beings contained therein can also be displaced as a conveying medium, in particular also the aforementioned gases.
  • a conveyor system is particularly preferably used which comprises at least one screw conveyor. This preferably comprises at least one screw conveyor and one screw trough.
  • the conveyor system can also advantageously be used to generate electrical energy be used.
  • the conveyor system can include a generator.
  • the water pressure or gravity can be used, for example, to drive the conveyor system and the generator.
  • the working principle of the Archimedean screw for energy generation can be reversed. This energy can be stored.
  • the energy can be used directly for the method described above, for example to operate sensors to be used.
  • the method according to the invention can be operated in an energy-efficient or self-sufficient manner.
  • the conveyor system preferably comprises an accumulator and / or power lines.
  • the conveyor system preferably comprises a gear and / or a motor or a geared motor for controlling or limiting the conveying speed and conveying direction.
  • a conveying direction from underwater to backwater can also be implemented.
  • the conveying system is preferably designed in such a way that the conveying medium is not compressed during displacement and / or only low shear forces are applied. This prevents the grain size of the displaced sediments from being unintentionally reduced. Furthermore, it can be ensured that any living organisms such as fish that may be present in the conveying medium are not harmed.
  • a conveyor system can be used which comprises at least one eccentric screw pump.
  • the conveyor system can also be used as a water staircase.
  • fish and other living beings can get from the underwater into the reservoir or vice versa. This advantageously restores the patency of flowing waters, in particular for migratory fish.
  • the conveyor system can comprise several screw conveyors and / or eccentric screw pumps in order to move a conveying medium, in particular sediments, over greater heights and / or slopes.
  • the conveyor system can comprise a suction, pressure, flushing and / or injection device for moving the conveying medium or the sediments.
  • the conveyor system can in particular comprise a pump unit. This can be designed as a suction pump and / or pressure pump.
  • the pump unit can also be designed as a jet pump.
  • the pump unit can be designed as a hydraulic ram.
  • the conveyor system can comprise a monitoring device.
  • This can be used for limnological monitoring.
  • the monitoring device can be designed to be mobile. This can include at least one transport device, for example an automobile, a buoy, a boat, a submarine, a ship, a balloon, a zeppelin, a rocket, a satellite, a drone, an airplane, a spacecraft and / or a satellite .
  • the transport device is preferably used unmanned.
  • the monitoring device can be designed to be at least partially stationary. This can include a radio mast, for example.
  • the conveyor system or the monitoring system can comprise a computer, in particular at least one computer-assisted artificial neural network, virtual network and / or virtual machine.
  • the control loop for controlling the displacement of the sediments can be part of the neural network, a virtual machine and / or a virtual network.
  • the monitoring device can be connected to a social network in order to enable data exchange, data processing and / or system control.
  • the monitoring device can comprise at least one measuring device for determining measurement data for limnological monitoring.
  • the measurement data and / or control signals can be transmitted wirelessly, for example by radio.
  • the measuring device can comprise at least one sensor and / or actuator.
  • the sensor can be an optical sensor, an acoustic sensor and / or a sensor for chemical analysis be.
  • the sensor can in particular be a capacitive and / or inductive sensor. This can preferably comprise two electrical conductor tracks which are arranged next to one another and / or in parallel in order to detect changes in an electrical field between the conductor tracks.
  • the measuring device can comprise a bridge circuit with strain gauges.
  • the measuring device can furthermore comprise a piezo element.
  • This can be a ceramic multilayer component with noble metal inner electrodes. This can also include piezo actuators.
  • the conveyor system can comprise at least one conveyor line. At least part of the delivery line can have a constriction, in particular a conical constriction, in order to produce or compensate for a pressure difference. This narrowing can preferably be less than 10% measured on the remaining diameter of the delivery line.
  • the conveyor system can also comprise a float, for example a pontoon.
  • Fig. 1 shows a backwater 10 which is fed by a river 12.
  • the river 12 is dammed by a dam system 14.
  • a drainage element 16 which drains excess water or used water, for example for a power plant, from the backwater 10 into an underwater 18, is also used in particular to regulate the water level in the backwater 10.
  • the damming is preferably such that the underwater 18 flows into a river 20. Further measures for regulating the level of the backwater 10 or for flood protection can be carried out, for example, by means of a lower outlet 22.
  • the damming up of the river 12 results in a reduction in the flow speed in the area of the dam system 14.
  • This reduction in the flow speed is illustrated schematically by the sediment deposition diagram below the river or the dammed water 10.
  • the diagram shows on the abscissa axis in logarithmic division the flow speed of the river 12 or the backwater 10 in the direction of the dam 14.
  • the ordinate axis which is also divided logarithmically, shows the grain size of the particles that settle at the respective speed. It can be seen that the smaller the grain diameter, the further sediment is transported in the direction of the dam system 14. Larger sediment, ie sediment with a larger grain diameter, is deposited further away from the dam 14 than finer grain. In particular, clay particles with a size of ⁇ 2 ⁇ m are carried up to the dam, the flow velocity is not sufficient for larger sediment grains.
  • a computer-aided monitoring unit 26 is available for this purpose.
  • the monitoring unit 26 controls at least one or more of the dredgers 28 as a function of the measured values at the at least one sensor 24. These are preferably controlled in such a way that the monitoring unit 26 transmits a demand for sediment quantity and / or grain size to the excavators 28, which then move to the sediment grain sizes according to the previously determined and / or known sediment deposits in the backwater in order to then take them up into the underwater 18 because a rearrangement takes place.
  • the sediment can either be deposited in front of the outflow organ 16 so that it flows through the outflow organ or it can be introduced directly into the underwater over or around the dam.
  • Fig. 2 shows an example of the transport of sediment deposits 30 from the bottom 32 of the backwater 10 by means of a suction dredger arrangement 36.
  • This consists of a pump unit 36, a flushing head 38 and a delivery line 40 and 42.
  • a flushing head 38 is used to loosen the sediment deposits 30 from the water bottom 32 , which comprises a milling cutter for loosening the sediments 30.
  • the dissolved sediments 30 are picked up and conveyed by means of the pump unit 36.
  • the pumping unit 36 provides at the same time for the transport of the sediments through the conveying line 42 directly into the underwater or into an area of the backwater 10 which is in the vicinity of the discharge organ 16.
  • the pump unit 36 is advantageously arranged on a pontoon 44.
  • the pontoon 49 can be moved over a large area, preferably the entire area of the backwater, by means of control cables 46.
  • the suction dredger has its own drive unit with which it can be moved over the backwater 10.
  • Fig. 3 shows, by way of example, the deposition of the absorbed sediments 30 in the vicinity of the discharge organs 16.
  • the delivery line 42 is held by means of floats 50 and, in one embodiment, can also be freely moved and, in particular, controlled.
  • By moving the float different sediment grain sizes can preferably be influenced. In particular, larger grain sizes can be brought closer to the drainage element 16, since the suction or the flow velocity can drag them along without any problems. Smaller sediment grain sizes require a greater distance from the discharge organ 16, since these flow through the discharge organ into the underwater even at lower flow velocities.
  • the deposited sediment 30 is removed by the flow of the water in the direction of the arrows 52 and transferred into the underwater. Additionally or alternatively, as in the Fig. 1 has shown that the removed sediment can also be transported directly into the underwater, especially in places where there is strong erosion, for example due to high flow velocities.
  • Fig. 4 shows a conveyor system 54 by way of example. This is designed for a connecting arrangement between a backwater 10 and an underwater 18 and can, for example, be integrated in a dam 14.
  • the conveyor system 54 has two screw conveyors 55 arranged one behind the other. These each include a screw conveyor 56, a screw trough 57 and a motor-generator unit 58, 59.
  • the motor-generator unit 58, 59 each includes a motor 58 for driving the respective screw conveyor 56 and a generator 59 for generating electricity.
  • the conveyor system 54 has two conveying directions or operating modes.
  • the motors 58 can drive the screw conveyors 56 together in the opposite direction in order to enable a conveying direction from the underwater 18 into the backwater 10.
  • the conveyor system 54 can thus be used as a water staircase for living beings.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Claims (16)

  1. Procédé d'érosion artificielle de bassins de retenue (10), dans lequel une répartition de la granulométrie moyenne de sédiments (30) du bassin de retenue (10) sur la surface du fond du bassin de retenue (10) est déterminée, dans lequel le bief aval (18) et/ou le bassin de retenue (10) et/ou au moins un cours d'eau débouchant dans le bassin de retenue (10) sont surveillés du point de vue limnologique, dans lequel les données limnologiques sont utilisées pour déterminer un besoin en sédiments du bief aval (18) et dans lequel, selon le besoin en sédiments du bief aval (18), au moins un déplacement des sédiments (30) du bassin de retenue (10) dans le bief aval (18) a lieu.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une extraction et/ou un prélèvement des sédiments du bassin de retenue (10) ont lieu dans des zones du bassin de retenue (10) qui présentent approximativement des granulométries moyennes qui correspondent aux besoins en sédiments du bief aval (18).
  3. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le déplacement des sédiments (30) est contrôlé par un circuit de régulation.
  4. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ceque le déplacement des sédiments (30) est contrôlé.
  5. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'extraction et/ou le prélèvement ont lieu au moins au moyen d'une drague (28), au moyen d'un procédé de rinçage et/ou au moyen d'un procédé d'injection.
  6. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les sédiments (30) du bassin de retenue (18) sont prélevés et stockés dans au moins un dépôt intermédiaire.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les sédiments (30) sont classés avant un stockage dans le dépôt intermédiaire.
  8. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, selon le besoin en sédiments du bief aval (18), un déplacement des sédiments (30) du dépôt intermédiaire dans le bief aval (18) a lieu.
  9. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les sédiments (30) sont déposés devant, dans ou derrière une évacuation (16) du bassin de retenue (10).
  10. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les sédiments (30) sont déposés directement dans le bief aval (18).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les sédiments (30) sont déposés dans des zones menacées d'érosion ou touchées par l'érosion du bief aval (18).
  12. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le lieu de dépôt varie.
  13. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le déplacement des sédiments (30) du bassin de retenue (10) dans le bief aval (18) a lieu au moyen d'un système de transport (54).
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le système de transport (54) comprend au moins un transporteur à vis (55).
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que le système de transport (54) est utilisé pour générer de l'énergie électrique.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 13 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le système de transport (54) est utilisé comme escalier d'eau.
EP15766485.5A 2014-09-25 2015-09-18 Procédé d'érosion artificielle de bassins de retenue Active EP3198082B1 (fr)

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CN117455743B (zh) * 2023-12-18 2024-04-09 国家海洋局南海规划与环境研究院 基于深度学习的疏浚泥资源化利用评价方法及系统

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BR112017006138A2 (pt) 2018-02-06
BR112017006138B1 (pt) 2022-05-10
US10450711B2 (en) 2019-10-22
EP3198082A1 (fr) 2017-08-02
CA2965727C (fr) 2023-05-23
CA2965727A1 (fr) 2016-03-31
ES2889999T3 (es) 2022-01-14
US20170314219A1 (en) 2017-11-02
CO2017003836A2 (es) 2017-07-11
EA201700175A1 (ru) 2017-07-31
PT3198082T (pt) 2021-08-30
MX2017003908A (es) 2017-09-15
WO2016046090A1 (fr) 2016-03-31
DE102014014009A1 (de) 2016-03-31
CN107075823A (zh) 2017-08-18

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