EP2520696A1 - Synthetic fiber for artificial turf system - Google Patents
Synthetic fiber for artificial turf system Download PDFInfo
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- EP2520696A1 EP2520696A1 EP12005285A EP12005285A EP2520696A1 EP 2520696 A1 EP2520696 A1 EP 2520696A1 EP 12005285 A EP12005285 A EP 12005285A EP 12005285 A EP12005285 A EP 12005285A EP 2520696 A1 EP2520696 A1 EP 2520696A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- artificial turf
- plastic component
- plastic fiber
- pile threads
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/36—Matrix structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a plastic fiber for an artificial turf.
- the invention further relates to an artificial turf flooring and its use for a sports field or playground, in particular a football field.
- Artificial grass is often used as an alternative to a natural lawn, especially on sports grounds and playgrounds. Compared to the latter, artificial turfs have the advantage that they have a higher load capacity and are relatively easy to care for. In addition, they are well playable compared to a natural lawn even in bad weather.
- Corresponding artificial turf coverings comprise a turf formed by plastic pile threads which are mounted on a support.
- pile threads made of skin-friendly polyethylene are used, which minimizes the risk of skin burns.
- polyethylene pile yarns in particular have the disadvantage that they have a relatively weak Have resilience.
- a relatively high density of pile threads per unit area is conventionally sought. This is to ensure that the individual pile threads are better supported by adjacent pile threads.
- Unfilled artificial turf therefore usually has a density of about 3,000 to 6,000 pile threads per square decimeter.
- Object of the present invention is thus to provide a natural grass blade as similar as possible synthetic fiber for an artificial turf covering which, while maintaining the surface properties - in particular the skin compatibility - known plastic fibers has a high resilience.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide an artificial turf covering which constantly ensures optimal playability even under prolonged use and which is very close to a natural turf.
- the present invention thus relates to a plastic fiber for an artificial turf.
- the plastic fiber comprises a first plastic component and one in the first Plastic component embedded second plastic component.
- the second plastic component in this case has a higher resilience than the first plastic component and is in the form of at least two extending in the longitudinal direction of the plastic fiber strands. These usually run parallel to each other.
- the resilience of the plastic fiber is increased overall; the strands of the second plastic component thus serve as a kind of "reinforcing strands" for the plastic fiber.
- recovery is well known to those skilled in the art and refers to the ability of the plastic component or plastic fiber, after release of a force acting thereon, to retain the original, i. before or after the action of force completely or partially resume this form.
- an increased resilience is due to an increased rigidity of the material.
- a plastic fiber having a high recovery capability can be obtained without impairing the surface properties ensured by the first plastic component, and in particular its skin compatibility.
- the present invention allows two previously incompatible preferred properties of the plastic fiber, namely a good skin compatibility and a high resilience to combine with each other.
- the plastic fiber of the present invention makes it possible to provide an artificial turf covering which constantly ensures optimum playability even under prolonged stress.
- a crop density can be selected which is relatively low and thus approximated to the crop density of a natural grass, without the pile yarns forming the grass pile remaining under heavy use of the artificial grass and thus impairing the sport-functional properties.
- it is achieved by the invention according to the reduction in Halm convince that the artificial turf covering both a visual nature and in terms of ball rolling or ball rebound properties can be adjusted to a natural grass.
- the plastic fiber has in cross-section a shape with a first axis of symmetry and a second axis of symmetry perpendicular to the first axis of symmetry, wherein the extent in the direction of the second axis of symmetry is less than the extent in the direction of the first axis of symmetry.
- the plastic fiber in cross section has the shape of a diamond with rounded corners.
- edges and thinnings are avoided, which additionally contributes to a high wear resistance of the plastic fiber.
- the described shape of the natural shape of a grass blade comes very close, which in the end further contributes to the fact that a corresponding artificial turf covering looks very similar to a natural turf.
- the strands of the second plastic component are arranged at least approximately along the first axis of symmetry.
- the plastic fiber of the present invention is generally designed as a monofilament.
- the dimensions of the plastic fiber usually correspond essentially to those of natural blades of grass;
- the yarn count of the individual monofilaments is in the range of about 1'400 to 2'400 dtex.
- the first plastic component comprises a polyolefin.
- the polyolefin is polyethylene and / or polypropylene, more preferably polyethylene. Said polyolefins, and in particular polyethylene, are particularly skin-friendly, so that skin burning can be effectively avoided even if the user glides over the turf at a relatively high speed, which is very often the case in football in particular.
- the second plastic component comprises a polyamide. This has a very high resilience and is also preferred because of its very easy availability.
- the number of strands of the second plastic component is 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 7, most preferably 5. According to this embodiment, the bending behavior of the plastic fiber can be additionally optimized.
- a brush type is not present or within an acceptable range if the strands of the second plastic component are arranged in cross-section at least approximately along a straight line. This ensures a degree of resilience with sufficient resilience of the plastic fiber, which also contributes to an optimized playability of the lawn.
- the plastic fiber according to the present invention is usually produced by extrusion.
- the first plastic component is extruded simultaneously with the second plastic component, wherein a spinneret is used, which has a first opening for the first plastic component and a respective further opening for each strand of the second plastic component. Since the melting points of the first and the second plastic component generally differ from one another, the corresponding openings are generally tempered differently.
- a spinneret which has a spinning opening with rhombus-shaped ("diamond" -shaped) cross-section for the first plastic component, in which further spinning openings with a circular cross-section are arranged for the second plastic component. If a plastic fiber extruded over such a spinneret is subsequently stretched, then a plastic fiber can be obtained which has the shape of a rhombus with rounded corners in cross-section. As stated above, such plastic fibers have particularly advantageous properties, in particular high wear resistance.
- the invention further relates to an artificial turf covering comprising a flat carrier and a Nutzflor, which is formed from bonded to the carrier pile threads.
- the pile threads are at least partially formed from a plastic fiber as described above.
- the artificial turf flooring may have a relatively low and a natural turf approximated Halm Why without the pile threads would also lie under heavy load.
- the ball roll behavior and ball rebound behavior can be matched to that on a natural turf and thus improved by the increased resilience of the plastic fiber according to the invention or the attainable reduction of the stem density.
- the plastic fiber according to the invention which is particularly in the amateur field in terms of good playability of the artificial turf.
- a high grip of the lawn can be ensured by the increased resilience and the resulting reduction in Halm Notice.
- the artificial turf covering has a base layer of polyamide fibers, as is the case with the Triple T Technology TM synthetic turf specifically designed for use as football turf.
- the inventive plastic fiber in such an artificial turf covering can be ensured due to the increased resilience or the achievable reduction in Halm Notice that the cams or nubs of football boots optimally engage in the base layer, allowing faster and more powerful direction changes of the user or the football player allowed.
- a base layer of polyamide fibers is also preferred because water is incorporated therein. On evaporation, this cools the utility pile of the synthetic turf, further minimizing the risk of major burns.
- the polyamide fibers are crimped and thereby form a moss-like layer, a nearly optimal water storage is ensured by the base layer.
- the pile threads are typically introduced by tufting in the carrier.
- the pile threads are fixed by means of an applied on the underside of the carrier adhesive, such as water-resistant latex on the support.
- the straw group of the pile threads introduced in the tufting process are preferably wound by a polyamide monofilament, whereby an additional anchoring of the pile threads is ensured.
- the artificial turf covering of the present invention is visually very close to a natural turf especially if the length of the pile tufts of the utility tuft is from the top of the trough measured in the range of about 2.5 to 4 cm.
- a first part of the pile threads of the utility pile be measured longer from the upper side of the support than a second part of the pile threads of the utility pile.
- the shorter pile threads of the utility pile mimic the regrowing blades of a natural grass.
- further preferred ball roll and ball rebound properties result.
- the pile threads of the first part be longer by about 5 to 10 mm than the pile threads of the second part.
- the Nutzflor on its side facing away from the carrier has a density of less than 1'400 pile threads per square decimeter, which ensures almost optimal optical properties and excellent playability of the artificial turf.
- the density of this preferred embodiment is thus considerably lower than the density of 3,000 to 6,000 pile threads per square decimeter, which is usually required for known synthetic turf coverings, depending on the material.
- the artificial turf flooring of the present invention can be used for both unfilled systems, such as in the EP-A-1696077 described for filled systems, such as in the US 2001/0033902 described or for so-called hybrid systems, ie systems which have only a plastic granulate layer, such as in the European patent application no. 09014780 described, are used. Since the advantages of the present invention become particularly apparent in unfilled systems, the artificial turf covering is preferably unfilled.
- FIG. 1 The invention is based on the appended FIG. 1 further illustrated. This represents a purely schematic one Cross-sectional view of a plastic fiber according to the invention.
- the plastic fiber 2 shown in the figure has in cross-section substantially the shape of a rhombus with rounded corners.
- the rhombus defines a first axis of symmetry, cross-sectional major axis A, and a second symmetry axis extending at right angles thereto, cross-sectional secondary axis B.
- the extent in the direction of the cross-sectional secondary axis B is less than the extent in the direction of the cross-sectional main axis A.
- the plastic fiber 2 comprises a first plastic component 4 and a second plastic component 6 embedded in the first plastic component, wherein the second plastic component has a higher resilience than the first plastic components.
- the first plastic component comprises a polyolefin and the second plastic component comprises a polyamide.
- the second plastic component 6 is in the form of five strands 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e extending in the longitudinal direction of the plastic fiber.
- the strands 8a-8e have a substantially circular shape in cross-section and are arranged along the main axis A.
- the shape of the synthetic fiber and the number and shape of the strands of the embodiment shown in the figure are intended to be purely exemplary and can be adapted by the skilled person depending on the result to be achieved.
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Kunststofffaser für einen Kunstrasenbelag.The present invention relates to a plastic fiber for an artificial turf.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner einen Kunstrasenbelag sowie dessen Verwendung für einen Sportplatz oder Spielplatz, insbesondere einen Fussballplatz.The invention further relates to an artificial turf flooring and its use for a sports field or playground, in particular a football field.
Kunstrasen werden insbesondere auf Sport- und Spielplätzen oft als Alternative für einen natürlichen Rasen verwendet. Gegenüber letzterem weisen Kunstrasen den Vorteil auf, dass sie über eine höhere Belastbarkeit verfügen und relativ pflegeleicht sind. Zudem sind sie gegenüber einem natürlichen Rasen auch bei schlechter Witterung gut bespielbar.Artificial grass is often used as an alternative to a natural lawn, especially on sports grounds and playgrounds. Compared to the latter, artificial turfs have the advantage that they have a higher load capacity and are relatively easy to care for. In addition, they are well playable compared to a natural lawn even in bad weather.
Entsprechende Kunstrasenbeläge umfassen einen Rasenflor, welcher von Florfäden aus Kunststoff gebildet wird, die auf einem Träger angebracht sind.Corresponding artificial turf coverings comprise a turf formed by plastic pile threads which are mounted on a support.
Eine wichtige Anforderung an das Material der Florfäden besteht insbesondere hinsichtlich der Verwendung des Kunstrasenbelags für einen Fussballplatz darin, Hautverbrennungen auch dann zu vermeiden, wenn der Benutzer bzw. der Fussballspieler mit relativ hoher Geschwindigkeit über den Kunstrasen gleitet.An important requirement for the material of the pile yarns, in particular with regard to the use of the artificial turf covering for a football pitch, is to avoid skin burns even if the user or the football player glides over the artificial turf at a relatively high speed.
Typischerweise werden daher Florfäden aus hautfreundlichem Polyethylen eingesetzt, wodurch die Gefahr von Hautverbrennungen minimiert werden kann.Typically, pile threads made of skin-friendly polyethylene are used, which minimizes the risk of skin burns.
Allerdings haben insbesondere Florfäden aus Polyethylen den Nachteil, dass sie über ein relativ schwaches Rückstellvermögen verfügen. Um ein "Abliegen" der einzelnen Florfäden des Kunstrasens möglichst zu vermeiden, wird konventionellerweise daher eine relativ hohe Dichte an Florfäden pro Flächeneinheit angestrebt. Diese soll gewährleisten, dass die einzelnen Florfäden durch jeweils benachbarte Florfäden besser abgestützt werden. Unverfüllte Kunstrasen weisen daher üblicherweise eine Dichte von ca. 3'000 bis 6'000 Florfäden pro Quadratdezimeter auf.However, polyethylene pile yarns in particular have the disadvantage that they have a relatively weak Have resilience. In order to avoid a "lying" of the individual pile threads of the artificial turf as possible, therefore, a relatively high density of pile threads per unit area is conventionally sought. This is to ensure that the individual pile threads are better supported by adjacent pile threads. Unfilled artificial turf therefore usually has a density of about 3,000 to 6,000 pile threads per square decimeter.
Kunstrasen mit einer solch hohen Dichte an Florfäden haben allerdings den Nachteil, dass sie sich beim Betreten "bürstenartig" und somit unnatürlich anfühlen. Im Übrigen unterscheidet sich auch das Ballrollverhalten auf einem solchen Kunstrasen relativ stark von demjenigen auf einem Naturrasen; da der Ball annähernd wie auf einer glatten Oberfläche und somit sehr schnell rollt, sind besagte Kunstrasen nicht nur für den Amateursport, sondern auch für den Profisport oft nur beschränkt geeignet.Artificial turf with such a high density of pile threads, however, has the disadvantage that they feel "brush-like" when entering and thus unnatural. Incidentally, the ball rolling behavior on such an artificial turf differs relatively strongly from that on a natural turf; As the ball rolls almost as though on a smooth surface and thus very fast, these synthetic turfs are often suitable not only for amateur sports but also for professional sports.
Aufgrund der gegenüber einem Naturrasen wesentlich höheren Halmdichte weichen besagte Kunstrasen im Übrigen auch im Erscheinungsbild relativ stark von einem Naturrasen ab; sie wirken auch optisch künstlich, was deren Akzeptanz weiter beeinträchtigt.Due to the compared to a natural turf much higher Halmdichte said artificial turf also soften in the appearance relatively strong from a natural turf; they also look visually artificial, which further impairs their acceptance.
Ein mögliches Konzept zur Verhinderung einer mechanischen Beschädigung und somit eines "Abliegens" der Florfäden wird in
Obwohl sich Kunstrasenbeläge gemäss
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es somit, eine einem natürlichen Grashalm möglichst ähnliche Kunststofffaser für einen Kunstrasenbelag zur Verfügung zu stellen, welche bei gleichzeitiger Beibehaltung der Oberflächeneigenschaften - insbesondere der Hautverträglichkeit - bekannter Kunststofffasern über ein hohes Rückstellvermögen verfügt.Object of the present invention is thus to provide a natural grass blade as similar as possible synthetic fiber for an artificial turf covering which, while maintaining the surface properties - in particular the skin compatibility - known plastic fibers has a high resilience.
Eine weitere Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, einen Kunstrasenbelag zur Verfügung zu stellen, welcher auch bei längerer Beanspruchung konstant eine optimale Bespielbarkeit gewährleistet und optisch einem Naturrasen sehr nahe kommt.A further object of the present invention is to provide an artificial turf covering which constantly ensures optimal playability even under prolonged use and which is very close to a natural turf.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird gelöst durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.The object of the invention is solved by the subject matter of claim 1. Preferred embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft somit eine Kunststofffaser für einen Kunstrasenbelag.The present invention thus relates to a plastic fiber for an artificial turf.
Erfindungsgemäss umfasst die Kunststofffaser eine erste Kunststoffkomponente und eine in der ersten Kunststoffkomponente eingebettete zweite Kunststoffkomponente.According to the invention, the plastic fiber comprises a first plastic component and one in the first Plastic component embedded second plastic component.
Die zweite Kunststoffkomponente weist dabei ein höheres Rückstellvermögen als die erste Kunststoffkomponente auf und ist in Form von mindestens zwei in Längsrichtung der Kunststofffaser verlaufenden Strängen ausgebildet. Diese verlaufen in der Regel parallel zueinander.The second plastic component in this case has a higher resilience than the first plastic component and is in the form of at least two extending in the longitudinal direction of the plastic fiber strands. These usually run parallel to each other.
Aufgrund des Umstands, dass die zweite Komponente ein höheres Rückstellvermögen als die erste Kunststoffkomponente aufweist, ist das Rückstellvermögen der Kunststofffaser insgesamt erhöht; die Stränge der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente dienen somit als eine Art "Armierungsstränge" für die Kunststofffaser.Due to the fact that the second component has a higher resilience than the first plastic component, the resilience of the plastic fiber is increased overall; the strands of the second plastic component thus serve as a kind of "reinforcing strands" for the plastic fiber.
Der Begriff des Rückstellvermögens ist dem Fachmann bekannt und bezeichnet die Fähigkeit der Kunststoffkomponente bzw. der Kunststofffaser, nach dem Aufheben einer darauf wirkenden Kraft die ursprüngliche, d.h. vor der Krafteinwirkung vorliegende Form ganz oder teilweise wieder anzunehmen. In der Regel ist ein erhöhtes Rückstellvermögen in einer erhöhten Steifigkeit des Materials begründet.The term recovery is well known to those skilled in the art and refers to the ability of the plastic component or plastic fiber, after release of a force acting thereon, to retain the original, i. before or after the action of force completely or partially resume this form. As a rule, an increased resilience is due to an increased rigidity of the material.
Erfindungsgemäss kann somit eine Kunststofffaser mit einem hohen Rückstellvermögen erhalten werden, ohne dass die durch die erste Kunststoffkomponente gewährleisteten Oberflächeneigenschaften, und insbesondere deren Hautverträglichkeit, beeinträchtigt würde. Somit erlaubt es die vorliegende Erfindung, zwei bisher unvereinbare bevorzugte Eigenschaften der Kunststofffaser, nämlich eine gute Hautverträglichkeit und ein hohes Rückstellvermögen, miteinander zu kombinieren.Thus, according to the invention, a plastic fiber having a high recovery capability can be obtained without impairing the surface properties ensured by the first plastic component, and in particular its skin compatibility. Thus, the present invention allows two previously incompatible preferred properties of the plastic fiber, namely a good skin compatibility and a high resilience to combine with each other.
Wie weiter unten im Detail ausgeführt wird, erlaubt es die Kunststofffaser der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Kunstrasenbelag zur Verfügung zu stellen, der auch bei längerer Beanspruchung konstant eine optimale Bespielbarkeit gewährleistet. Insbesondere kann aufgrund des hohen Rückstellvermögens der Kunststofffaser eine Halmdichte gewählt werden, die relativ gering und somit der Halmdichte eines Naturrasens angenähert ist, ohne dass die den Rasenflor bildenden Florfäden auch bei starker Beanspruchung des Kunstrasens abliegen und somit die sportfunktionellen Eigenschaften beeinträchtigen würden. Im Übrigen wird durch die erfindungsgemäss ermöglichte Verringerung der Halmdichte erreicht, dass der Kunstrasenbelag sowohl optisch als auch hinsichtlich der Ballroll- bzw. Ballrückpralleigenschaften einem Naturrasen angeglichen werden kann.As will be explained in detail below, the plastic fiber of the present invention makes it possible to provide an artificial turf covering which constantly ensures optimum playability even under prolonged stress. In particular, due to the high resilience of the plastic fiber, a crop density can be selected which is relatively low and thus approximated to the crop density of a natural grass, without the pile yarns forming the grass pile remaining under heavy use of the artificial grass and thus impairing the sport-functional properties. Incidentally, it is achieved by the invention according to the reduction in Halmdichte that the artificial turf covering both a visual nature and in terms of ball rolling or ball rebound properties can be adjusted to a natural grass.
Im Gegensatz zu Kunststofffasern, in welcher die zweite Kunststoffkomponente als einzelner Strang vorliegt, wurde erfindungsgemäss überraschenderweise gefunden, dass bei Vorliegen mehrerer Stränge der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente ein Biegeverhalten erhalten werden kann, welches dem Biegeverhalten eines natürlichen Grashalmes sehr ähnlich ist. Trotz des hohen Rückstellvermögens der erfindungsgemässen Kunststofffaser kann ein "bürstenartiger" Rasenflor somit vermieden werden.In contrast to plastic fibers, in which the second plastic component is present as a single strand, it has surprisingly been found according to the invention that in the presence of several strands of the second plastic component, a bending behavior can be obtained which is very similar to the bending behavior of a natural grass blade. Despite the high resilience of the inventive plastic fiber, a "brush-like" turf can thus be avoided.
Zudem liegt aufgrund der Mehrsträngigkeit der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente eine grössere Gesamtoberfläche pro Gesamtvolumen vor, was wiederum einen besseren Verbund mit der ersten Kunststoffkomponente ermöglicht. Gegenüber dem in der
Erfindungsgemäss weist die Kunststofffaser im Querschnitt eine Form mit einer ersten Symmetrieachse und einer rechtwinklig zur ersten Symmetrieachse verlaufenden zweiten Symmetrieachse auf, wobei die Ausdehnung in Richtung der zweiten Symmetrieachse geringer ist als die Ausdehnung in Richtung der ersten Symmetrieachse.According to the invention, the plastic fiber has in cross-section a shape with a first axis of symmetry and a second axis of symmetry perpendicular to the first axis of symmetry, wherein the extent in the direction of the second axis of symmetry is less than the extent in the direction of the first axis of symmetry.
Diesbezüglich ist bevorzugt, dass die Kunststofffaser im Querschnitt die Form eines Rhombus ("diamond") mit abgerundeten Ecken aufweist.In this regard, it is preferred that the plastic fiber in cross section has the shape of a diamond with rounded corners.
Durch besagte Querschnittsform werden Kanten und Dünnstellen vermieden, was zusätzlich zu einer hohen Verschleissfestigkeit der Kunststofffaser beiträgt. Im Übrigen kommt die beschriebene Form der natürlichen Form eines Grashalmes sehr nahe, was im Endeffekt weiter dazu beiträgt, dass ein entsprechender Kunstrasenbelag einem Naturrasen sehr ähnlich sieht.By means of said cross-sectional shape, edges and thinnings are avoided, which additionally contributes to a high wear resistance of the plastic fiber. Incidentally, the described shape of the natural shape of a grass blade comes very close, which in the end further contributes to the fact that a corresponding artificial turf covering looks very similar to a natural turf.
Im Sinne eines optimalen Biegeverhaltens ist insbesondere bevorzugt, dass die Stränge der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente mindestens annähernd entlang der ersten Symmetrieachse angeordnet sind.In terms of optimum bending behavior, it is particularly preferred that the strands of the second plastic component are arranged at least approximately along the first axis of symmetry.
Im Gegensatz zu den in gebräuchlichen Kunstrasenbelägen oft verwendeten fibrillierten Flachfolien bzw. Tapes ist die Kunststofffaser der vorliegenden Erfindung in der Regel als Monofilament ausgebildet.In contrast to the fibrillated flat films or tapes often used in common artificial turf coverings, the plastic fiber of the present invention is generally designed as a monofilament.
Die Dimensionen der Kunststofffaser entsprechen in der Regel im Wesentlichen denjenigen natürlicher Grashalme; vorzugsweise liegt die Garnfeinheit der einzelnen Monofile im Bereich von ca. 1'400 bis 2'400 dtex.The dimensions of the plastic fiber usually correspond essentially to those of natural blades of grass; Preferably, the yarn count of the individual monofilaments is in the range of about 1'400 to 2'400 dtex.
Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung umfasst die erste Kunststoffkomponente ein Polyolefin. Diesbezüglich ist weiter bevorzugt, dass das Polyolefin Polyethylen und/oder Polypropylen ist, besonders bevorzugt Polyethylen. Besagte Polyolefine, und insbesondere Polyethylen, sind besonders hautfreundlich, sodass auch dann Hautverbrennung wirksam vermieden werden, wenn der Benutzer mit relativ hoher Geschwindigkeit über den Rasen gleitet, was insbesondere beim Fussball sehr oft der Fall ist.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first plastic component comprises a polyolefin. In this regard, it is further preferred that the polyolefin is polyethylene and / or polypropylene, more preferably polyethylene. Said polyolefins, and in particular polyethylene, are particularly skin-friendly, so that skin burning can be effectively avoided even if the user glides over the turf at a relatively high speed, which is very often the case in football in particular.
Im Übrigen umfasst gemäss einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform die zweite Kunststoffkomponente ein Polyamid. Dieses weist ein sehr hohes Rückstellvermögen auf und ist im Übrigen auch aufgrund seiner sehr leichten Verfügbarkeit bevorzugt.Incidentally, according to a further preferred embodiment, the second plastic component comprises a polyamide. This has a very high resilience and is also preferred because of its very easy availability.
Gemäss einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform beträgt die Anzahl Stränge der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente 2 bis 10, bevorzugt 2 bis 7, am meisten bevorzugt 5. Gemäss dieser Ausführungsform kann das Biegeverhalten der Kunststofffaser zusätzlich optimiert werden.According to a further preferred embodiment, the number of strands of the second plastic component is 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 7, most preferably 5. According to this embodiment, the bending behavior of the plastic fiber can be additionally optimized.
Im Übrigen wurde gefunden, dass eine Bürstenartigkeit nicht oder in akzeptablem Rahmen vorliegt, wenn die Stränge der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente im Querschnitt mindestens annähernd entlang einer Geraden angeordnet sind. Dadurch wird bei ausreichendem Rückstellvermögen der Kunststofffaser ein Mass an Nachgiebigkeit gewährleistet, welche zusätzlich zu einer optimierten Bespielbarkeit des Rasens beiträgt.Incidentally, it has been found that a brush type is not present or within an acceptable range if the strands of the second plastic component are arranged in cross-section at least approximately along a straight line. This ensures a degree of resilience with sufficient resilience of the plastic fiber, which also contributes to an optimized playability of the lawn.
Die Kunststofffaser gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung wird üblicherweise im Extrusionsverfahren hergestellt. Dabei wird die erste Kunststoffkomponente gleichzeitig mit der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente extrudiert, wobei eine Spinndüse zum Einsatz kommt, die eine erste Öffnung für die erste Kunststoffkomponente und je eine weitere Öffnung für jeden Strang der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente aufweist. Da sich die Schmelzpunkte der ersten und der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente in der Regel voneinander unterscheiden, sind die entsprechenden Öffnungen in der Regel unterschiedlich temperiert.The plastic fiber according to the present invention is usually produced by extrusion. In this case, the first plastic component is extruded simultaneously with the second plastic component, wherein a spinneret is used, which has a first opening for the first plastic component and a respective further opening for each strand of the second plastic component. Since the melting points of the first and the second plastic component generally differ from one another, the corresponding openings are generally tempered differently.
Denkbar ist insbesondere die Verwendung einer Spinndüse, die eine Spinnöffnung mit rhombusförmigem ("diamond"-förmigem) Querschnitt für die erste Kunststoffkomponente aufweist, in der weitere Spinnöffnungen mit kreisrundem Querschnitt für die zweite Kunststoffkomponente angeordnet sind. Wird eine über eine derart ausgestaltete Spinndüse extrudierte Kunststofffaser nachträglich verstreckt, so kann eine Kunststofffaser erhalten werden, die im Querschnitt die Form eines Rhombus mit abgerundeten Ecken aufweist. Wie oben ausgeführt, weisen solche Kunststofffasern besonders vorteilhafte Eigenschaften auf, insbesondere eine hohe Verschleissfestigkeit.In particular, it is conceivable to use a spinneret which has a spinning opening with rhombus-shaped ("diamond" -shaped) cross-section for the first plastic component, in which further spinning openings with a circular cross-section are arranged for the second plastic component. If a plastic fiber extruded over such a spinneret is subsequently stretched, then a plastic fiber can be obtained which has the shape of a rhombus with rounded corners in cross-section. As stated above, such plastic fibers have particularly advantageous properties, in particular high wear resistance.
Gemäss einem weiteren Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung weiter einen Kunstrasenbelag umfassend einen flächigen Träger und einen Nutzflor, der aus mit dem Träger verbundenen Florfäden gebildet ist. Dabei sind die Florfäden mindestens teilweise aus einer Kunststofffaser wie oben beschrieben gebildet.According to a further aspect, the invention further relates to an artificial turf covering comprising a flat carrier and a Nutzflor, which is formed from bonded to the carrier pile threads. The pile threads are at least partially formed from a plastic fiber as described above.
Aufgrund des Rückstellvermögens der verwendeten Kunststofffaser kann der Kunstrasenbelag eine relativ geringe und einem Naturrasen angenäherte Halmdichte aufweisen, ohne dass die Florfäden auch bei starker Beanspruchung abliegen würden.Due to the resilience of the plastic fiber used, the artificial turf flooring may have a relatively low and a natural turf approximated Halmdichte without the pile threads would also lie under heavy load.
Mithin kann auch bei längerer Beanspruchung des Kunstrasens konstant eine optimale Bespielbarkeit und ein einem Naturrasen sehr ähnliches Erscheinungsbild gewährleistet werden.Consequently, even with prolonged use of the artificial turf constant optimal playability and a natural turf very similar appearance can be guaranteed.
Insbesondere kann durch das erhöhte Rückstellvermögen der erfindungsgemässen Kunststofffaser bzw. der damit erreichbaren Verringerung der Halmdichte das Ballrollverhalten und Ballrückprallverhalten demjenigen auf einem Naturrasen angeglichen und somit verbessert werden. So wird bei entsprechender Halmdichte der Ball durch die erfindungsgemässe Kunststofffaser abgebremst, was insbesondere im Amateurbereich im Sinne einer guten Bespielbarkeit des Kunstrasens ist.In particular, the ball roll behavior and ball rebound behavior can be matched to that on a natural turf and thus improved by the increased resilience of the plastic fiber according to the invention or the attainable reduction of the stem density. Thus, with appropriate Halmdichte the ball is braked by the plastic fiber according to the invention, which is particularly in the amateur field in terms of good playability of the artificial turf.
Im Übrigen kann durch die erfindungsgemäss erreichbare verminderte Halmdichte eine wirre Halmstellung erhalten werden, wodurch der Kunstrasenbelag nicht nur optisch weiter an einen Naturrasen angeglichen werden kann, sondern auch ein gleichmässiges und richtungsunabhängiges Ballrollverhalten gewährleistet.Incidentally, can be obtained by the inventively achievable reduced Halmdichte a confused Halmstellung, whereby the artificial turf can not only visually be adapted to a natural turf, but also ensures a uniform and direction-independent ball rolling behavior.
Zudem wird die Reinigung des Rasenflor durch die verminderte Halmdichte stark vereinfacht, weil die Florfäden für die zur Reinigung üblicherweise eingesetzten rotierenden Bürsten einfacher zugänglich sind und somit auf ihrer gesamten Oberfläche von Schmutz befreit werden können.In addition, the cleaning of the turf is greatly simplified by the reduced Halmdichte because the pile threads for the usually used for cleaning rotating brushes are more easily accessible and thus can be freed of dirt on their entire surface.
Ferner kann durch die Verringerung der Halmdichte die Menge an für den Nutzflor benötigtem Material gesenkt werden, was einerseits zu einer Gewichtsreduktion und somit zu einer vereinfachten Transportierbarkeit des Kunstrasens beiträgt und andererseits eine Senkung der Materialkosten ermöglicht.Furthermore, by reducing the Halmdichte the amount of material required for the Nutzflor can be reduced, which on the one hand to a weight reduction and thus contributes to a simplified transportability of the artificial turf and on the other hand allows a reduction in material costs.
Im Übrigen kann durch das erhöhte Rückstellvermögen und die dadurch erhältliche Verringerung der Halmdichte eine hohe Griffigkeit des Rasens gewährleistet werden. Diese ist insbesondere dann gegeben, wenn der Kunstrasenbelag eine Basisschicht aus Polyamidfasern aufweist, wie dies etwa bei den spezifisch für die Verwendung als Fussballrasen konzipierten Kunstrasenbelägen der Triple-T-Technologie™ zur Erhöhung der Griffigkeit der Fall ist. Bei Verwendung der erfindungsgemässen Kunststofffaser in einem solchen Kunstrasenbelag kann aufgrund des erhöhten Rückstellvermögens bzw. der damit erreichbaren Verringerung der Halmdichte gewährleistet werden, dass die Nocken bzw. Noppen der Fussballschuhe optimal in die Basisschicht eingreifen, was schnellere und kraftvollere Richtungswechsel des Benutzers bzw. des Fussballspielers erlaubt.Incidentally, a high grip of the lawn can be ensured by the increased resilience and the resulting reduction in Halmdichte. This is particularly the case when the artificial turf covering has a base layer of polyamide fibers, as is the case with the Triple T Technology ™ synthetic turf specifically designed for use as football turf. When using the inventive plastic fiber in such an artificial turf covering can be ensured due to the increased resilience or the achievable reduction in Halmdichte that the cams or nubs of football boots optimally engage in the base layer, allowing faster and more powerful direction changes of the user or the football player allowed.
Ausserdem ist eine Basisschicht aus Polyamidfasern auch deshalb bevorzugt, weil darin Wasser eingelagert wird. Beim Verdunsten kühlt dieses den Nutzflor des Kunstrasens, was die Gefahr von Hauptverbrennungen weiter minimiert. Insbesondere dann, wenn die Polyamidfasern gekräuselt sind und dadurch eine moosartige Schicht bilden, wird durch die Basisschicht ein nahezu optimaler Wasserspeicher gewährleistet.In addition, a base layer of polyamide fibers is also preferred because water is incorporated therein. On evaporation, this cools the utility pile of the synthetic turf, further minimizing the risk of major burns. In particular, when the polyamide fibers are crimped and thereby form a moss-like layer, a nearly optimal water storage is ensured by the base layer.
Zur Herstellung des Kunstrasenbelags der vorliegenden Erfindung werden die Florfäden typischerweise im Tuftingverfahren in den Träger eingebracht. In der Regel werden die Florfäden mittels eines auf der Unterseite des Trägers aufgebrachten Klebstoffs, wie beispielsweise wasserfester Latex, am Träger fixiert. Liegt wie in oben erwähnter bevorzugter Ausführungsform eine Basisschicht aus Polyamidfasern vor, so sind die im Tuftingverfahren eingebrachten Halmgruppe der Florfäden vorzugsweise von einem Polyamid-Monofilament umwunden, wodurch eine zusätzliche Verankerung der Florfäden gewährleistet wird.For the production of the artificial turf covering of the present invention, the pile threads are typically introduced by tufting in the carrier. In general, the pile threads are fixed by means of an applied on the underside of the carrier adhesive, such as water-resistant latex on the support. If, as in the above-mentioned preferred embodiment, a base layer of polyamide fibers is present, the straw group of the pile threads introduced in the tufting process are preferably wound by a polyamide monofilament, whereby an additional anchoring of the pile threads is ensured.
Der Kunstrasenbelag der vorliegenden Erfindung kommt einem Naturrasen optisch insbesondere dann sehr nahe, wenn die Länge der Florfäden des Nutzflors von der Oberseite des Trägers an gemessen im Bereich von ca. 2,5 bis 4 cm liegt.The artificial turf covering of the present invention is visually very close to a natural turf especially if the length of the pile tufts of the utility tuft is from the top of the trough measured in the range of about 2.5 to 4 cm.
Hinsichtlich eines einem Naturrasen möglichst ähnlichen Erscheinungsbilds ist im Übrigen bevorzugt, dass ein erster Teil der Florfäden des Nutzflors von der Oberseite des Trägers an gemessen länger ist als ein zweiter Teil der Florfäden des Nutzflors. Dabei imitieren die kürzeren Florfäden des Nutzflors die nachwachsenden Grashalme eines Naturrasens. Im Übrigen ergeben sich bei dieser Ausführungsform weiter bevorzugte Ballroll- und Ballrückpralleigenschaften. So wird durch die längeren, weniger dichten Florfäden des Nutzflors eine verstärkte Bremswirkung auf den Ball ausgeübt, was im Sinne einer guten Bespielbarkeit des Kunstrasens ist. Hinsichtlich der genannten Ausführungsform ist insbesondere bevorzugt, dass die Florfäden des ersten Teils um ca. 5 bis 10 mm länger sind als die Florfäden des zweiten Teils.With regard to an appearance which is as similar as possible to a natural turf, it is otherwise preferred that a first part of the pile threads of the utility pile be measured longer from the upper side of the support than a second part of the pile threads of the utility pile. The shorter pile threads of the utility pile mimic the regrowing blades of a natural grass. Incidentally, in this embodiment further preferred ball roll and ball rebound properties result. Thus, by the longer, less dense pile threads of the Nutzflors exerted an increased braking effect on the ball, which is in the sense of good playability of the artificial turf. With regard to the mentioned embodiment, it is particularly preferred that the pile threads of the first part be longer by about 5 to 10 mm than the pile threads of the second part.
Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist der Nutzflor auf seiner dem Träger abgewandten Seite eine Dichte von weniger als 1'400 Florfäden pro Quadratdezimeter auf, was nahezu optimale optische Eigenschaften und eine hervorragende Bespielbarkeit des Kunstrasens gewährleistet. Die Dichte dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist somit erheblich geringer als die für bekannte Kunstrasenbeläge üblicherweise materialbedingt nötige Dichte von 3'000 bis 6'000 Florfäden pro Quadratdezimeter.According to a preferred embodiment, the Nutzflor on its side facing away from the carrier has a density of less than 1'400 pile threads per square decimeter, which ensures almost optimal optical properties and excellent playability of the artificial turf. The density of this preferred embodiment is thus considerably lower than the density of 3,000 to 6,000 pile threads per square decimeter, which is usually required for known synthetic turf coverings, depending on the material.
Der Kunstrasenbelag der vorliegenden Erfindung kann sowohl für unverfüllte Systeme, wie etwa in der
Nebst der Verwendung des Kunstrasenbelags für einen Sportplatz oder Spielplatz ist insbesondere auch denkbar, den Kunstrasenbelag für einen Dekor- oder Landscaping-Rasen zu verwenden, wie er etwa im Privat-, Objekt- oder Eventbereich Anwendung findet. Diesbezüglich sei insbesondere die Verwendung des erfindungsgemässen Kunstrasenbelags im Strassenbau, z.B. in Verkehrskreiseln, erwähnt.In addition to the use of artificial turf flooring for a sports field or playground is also conceivable to use the artificial turf flooring for a decorative or landscaping lawn, as he finds in the private, object or event area application. In this regard, in particular, the use of the artificial turf flooring according to the invention in road construction, e.g. in roundabouts, mentioned.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der anliegenden
Die in der Figur gezeigte Kunststofffaser 2 weist im Querschnitt im Wesentlichen die Form eines Rhombus mit abgerundeten Ecken auf. Der Rhombus definiert eine erste Symmetrieachse, Querschnitthauptachse A, und eine rechtwinklig dazu verlaufende zweite Symmetrieachse, Querschnittnebenachse B. Die Ausdehnung in Richtung der Querschnittnebenachse B ist dabei geringer als die Ausdehnung in Richtung der Querschnitthauptachse A.The
Wie aus der Figur ersichtlich ist, umfasst die Kunststofffaser 2 eine erste Kunststoffkomponente 4 und eine in der ersten Kunststoffkomponente eingebettete zweite Kunststoffkomponente 6, wobei die zweite Kunststoffkomponente ein höheres Rückstellvermögen aufweist als die erste Kunststoffkomponenten. Vorzugsweise umfasst die erste Kunststoffkomponente ein Polyolefin und die zweite Kunststoffkomponente ein Polyamid. In der gezeigten Ausführungsform ist die zweite Kunststoffkomponente 6 in Form von fünf in Längsrichtung der Kunststofffaser verlaufenden Strängen 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e ausgebildet ist. Die Stränge 8a-8e weisen im Querschnitt eine im Wesentlichen kreisrunde Form auf und sind entlang der Querschnitthauptachse A angeordnet.As can be seen from the figure, the
Die Form der Kunstfaser sowie die Anzahl und Form der Stränge der in der Figur gezeigten Ausführungsform sind rein beispielshalber gedacht und können je nach zu erreichendem Ergebnis vom Fachmann angepasst werden.The shape of the synthetic fiber and the number and shape of the strands of the embodiment shown in the figure are intended to be purely exemplary and can be adapted by the skilled person depending on the result to be achieved.
Claims (15)
eine erste Kunststoffkomponente (4) und
eine in der ersten Kunststoffkomponente (4) eingebettete zweite Kunststoffkomponente (6),
wobei die zweite Kunststoffkomponente (6) ein höheres Rückstellvermögen als die erste Kunststoffkomponente (4) aufweist und in Form von mindestens zwei in Längsrichtung der Kunststofffaser verlaufenden Strängen (8a-8e) ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kunststofffaser im Querschnitt im Wesentlichen eine Form mit einer ersten Symmetrieachse (A) und einer rechtwinklig zur ersten Symmetrieachse verlaufenden zweiten Symmetrieachse (B) aufweist, wobei die Ausdehnung in Richtung der zweiten Symmetrieachse (B) geringer ist als die Ausdehnung in Richtung der ersten Symmetrieachse (A).Plastic fiber for an artificial turf covering
a first plastic component (4) and
a second plastic component (6) embedded in the first plastic component (4),
wherein the second plastic component (6) has a higher resilience than the first plastic component (4) and in the form of at least two extending in the longitudinal direction of the plastic fiber strands (8a-8e), characterized in that the plastic fiber in cross-section substantially a shape with a first axis of symmetry (A) and a second axis of symmetry (B) extending at right angles to the first axis of symmetry, the extent in the direction of the second axis of symmetry (B) being less than the extent in the direction of the first axis of symmetry (A).
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EP20100004948 EP2395135B1 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2010-05-11 | Plastic fibre for artificial turf |
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EP2664711B1 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2016-04-13 | Tiara-Teppichboden AG | Artificial turf |
CN105377391B (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2020-06-02 | 普利特运动产品有限责任公司 | Artificial turf and method of production |
WO2016113671A2 (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2016-07-21 | Vasconcelos De Araújo Macedo Luis Filipe | Synthetic multifilament fibre for lawns and respective lawn |
NO3088575T3 (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2018-03-31 | ||
CN110863408A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-03-06 | 江苏美意人造草坪有限公司 | Composite grass filaments for high-weather-resistance artificial lawn and production method thereof |
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JPH09220781A (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1997-08-26 | Diatex Co Ltd | Artificial turf |
EP0901478A1 (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1999-03-17 | Bayer Ag | Thiocyano-triazolyl derivatives and their use as microbicides |
US20010033902A1 (en) | 2000-02-14 | 2001-10-25 | Seaton Reed J. | Artificial turf system |
US20040045145A1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-03-11 | Ching-Tang Wang | Method for producing ultrafine fiber and artificial leather |
WO2004027130A1 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2004-04-01 | Fibervisions A/S | Polyolefin fibres and their use in the preparation of nonwovens with high bulk and resilience |
DE10307174A1 (en) | 2003-02-20 | 2004-09-02 | Motech Gmbh Technology & Systems | Multi-layer monofilament and method for producing a multi-layer monofilament |
EP1696077A1 (en) | 2005-01-29 | 2006-08-30 | Tiara-Teppichboden AG | Surface material, in particular artificial turf |
EP2161374A1 (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-10 | Motech GmbH Technology & Systems | Synthetic turf |
-
2010
- 2010-05-11 EP EP12005285.7A patent/EP2520696B1/en active Active
- 2010-05-11 ES ES10004948T patent/ES2391253T3/en active Active
- 2010-05-11 ES ES12005285T patent/ES2452523T3/en active Active
- 2010-05-11 EP EP20100004948 patent/EP2395135B1/en active Active
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JPH09220781A (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1997-08-26 | Diatex Co Ltd | Artificial turf |
EP0901478A1 (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1999-03-17 | Bayer Ag | Thiocyano-triazolyl derivatives and their use as microbicides |
US20010033902A1 (en) | 2000-02-14 | 2001-10-25 | Seaton Reed J. | Artificial turf system |
US20040045145A1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-03-11 | Ching-Tang Wang | Method for producing ultrafine fiber and artificial leather |
WO2004027130A1 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2004-04-01 | Fibervisions A/S | Polyolefin fibres and their use in the preparation of nonwovens with high bulk and resilience |
DE10307174A1 (en) | 2003-02-20 | 2004-09-02 | Motech Gmbh Technology & Systems | Multi-layer monofilament and method for producing a multi-layer monofilament |
EP1696077A1 (en) | 2005-01-29 | 2006-08-30 | Tiara-Teppichboden AG | Surface material, in particular artificial turf |
EP2161374A1 (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-10 | Motech GmbH Technology & Systems | Synthetic turf |
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ES2391253T3 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
ES2452523T3 (en) | 2014-04-01 |
EP2520696B1 (en) | 2014-02-26 |
EP2395135A1 (en) | 2011-12-14 |
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