EP1983104B1 - Synthetic turf - Google Patents

Synthetic turf Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1983104B1
EP1983104B1 EP07007945A EP07007945A EP1983104B1 EP 1983104 B1 EP1983104 B1 EP 1983104B1 EP 07007945 A EP07007945 A EP 07007945A EP 07007945 A EP07007945 A EP 07007945A EP 1983104 B1 EP1983104 B1 EP 1983104B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plastic component
artificial turf
core
polyamide
plastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP07007945A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1983104A1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Morton-Finger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Original Assignee
Motech GmbH Technology and Systems
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Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=38514292&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1983104(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Motech GmbH Technology and Systems filed Critical Motech GmbH Technology and Systems
Priority to ES07007945T priority Critical patent/ES2341896T3/en
Priority to DE502007002924T priority patent/DE502007002924D1/en
Priority to AT07007945T priority patent/ATE458863T1/en
Priority to EP07007945A priority patent/EP1983104B1/en
Priority to CA2629111A priority patent/CA2629111C/en
Priority to US12/104,476 priority patent/US9315954B2/en
Publication of EP1983104A1 publication Critical patent/EP1983104A1/en
Publication of EP1983104B1 publication Critical patent/EP1983104B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an artificial turf, in particular for sports fields and gardens with a plurality of fixed to a base layer stalks, wherein on the base layer between the stalks a damping material is arranged.
  • the invention is the technical problem of providing an artificial turf of the type mentioned, in which the disadvantages described above can be avoided.
  • the invention teaches an artificial turf of the type described above, which is characterized in that the damping material consists of plastic fibers, which are formed as a multi-component fibers and that a first plastic component is a part the cross-section of the multi-component fibers forms and a second plastic component forms a further part of the cross-section of the multi-component fibers.
  • the base layer of the synthetic turf according to the invention forms, as it were, a flat base layer, which is preferably designed as a woven fabric.
  • the base layer Preferably, the fabric is preferably made of a plastic and suitably of a polyolefin, especially polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • the blades of the synthetic turf according to the invention also consist of plastic.
  • the blades are formed of plastic fibers or plastic filaments.
  • monofilaments of thermoplastic material form the blades of the artificial turf.
  • the blades of the artificial turf are expediently fixed by tufts on the base layer.
  • the damping material consists of multi-component fibers, which are applied in the spaces between the blades on the base layer.
  • the plastic fibers or multicomponent fibers are here arranged like a ball-shaped.
  • the first plastic component and the second plastic component of the multicomponent fibers preferably extend over the entire length or substantially the entire length of the multicomponent fibers.
  • a third plastic component forms a further part of the cross section of the multicomponent fiber and that the third plastic component is arranged in the multicomponent fiber between the first plastic component and the second plastic component.
  • the third plastic component expediently extends over the entire length or essentially over the entire length of the multicomponent fibers.
  • the third plastic component is an adhesion promoter between the first and the second plastic component.
  • the three plastic components are the only plastic components of the multicomponent fibers and thus the multicomponent fibers are present as tricomponent fibers.
  • the multicomponent fibers have a core / sheet structure and that the first plastic component forms the sheath and the second plastic component forms the core of the multicomponent fibers.
  • the first plastic component forms the outer jacket of the multicomponent fibers and surrounds the core at least partially, preferably for the most part and preferably completely.
  • the first plastic component is a polyolefin, preferably polyethylene, and most preferably LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene).
  • polyethylene and in particular LLDPE has proven particularly useful in the context of the invention.
  • the polyolefin, preferably polyethylene and most preferably LLDPE forms the sheath component of the multicomponent fibers in core-shell structure.
  • the second plastic component is preferably a polyamide or a polyester.
  • polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) can be used as the polyester.
  • the second plastic component is a polyamide. It is recommended that the second plastic component is a polyamide from the group "polyamide 6, polyamide 6.6, polyamide 6.12, polyamide 6.10". Particularly preferred is the use of polyamide 6 as a second plastic component.
  • the second plastic component expediently forms the core component of the multicomponent fibers in a core-shell structure.
  • the third plastic component is arranged in the core-sheath structure of the multi-component fibers between the sheath and the core and that the third plastic component is the core at least partially, preferably completely or substantially completely surrounds.
  • the third plastic component forms as it were the inner shell of the core-shell structure, while the first plastic component preferably forms the outer shell.
  • the third plastic component is a plastic which acts as a bonding agent between the first and the second plastic component.
  • the third plastic component is a copolymer polyamide / polyolefin, preferably a copolymer polyamide / polyethylene.
  • the third plastic component used is a polyolefin modified with a maleic acid derivative, expediently with malienic anhydride.
  • the modified polyolefin is preferably modified polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • the multicomponent fibers preferably have 5 to 50%, preferably 10 to 45% and very preferably 10 to 40% of the first plastic component with respect to their cross-section or to their cross-sectional area.
  • the preceding and following statements are the percentage area fraction that the respective component occupies with regard to the cross-sectional area of a multicomponent fiber. It is recommended that the multicomponent fibers have 3 to 20%, preferably 5 to 20% and preferably 5 to 15% of the third plastic component, based on their cross-section or on their cross-sectional area.
  • the multicomponent fibers have in relation to their cross-section or on their cross-sectional area 30 to 93%, preferably 30 to 85% and preferably 35 to 80% of the second plastic component.
  • the first plastic component forms the jacket or outer jacket of the multi-component fiber and the second plastic component forms the core of the multi-component fiber in core-shell structure.
  • the third plastic component is preferably arranged between the first plastic component (jacket) and the second plastic component (core) and expediently acts as a bonding agent between the first and the second plastic component.
  • the second plastic component or the core component is the main constituent of the multicomponent fibers.
  • the second plastic component expediently occupies more than 40%, preferably more than 45%, of the cross-sectional area with respect to the cross-section or with respect to the cross-sectional area of a multicomponent fiber.
  • a very particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the multicomponent fibers are processed into textured yarn and are arranged in the form of textured yarn as a damping material on the base layer between the stalks. It is within the scope of the invention that the multicomponent fibers are textured in a texturing machine.
  • the textured fibers are permanently crimped multicomponent fibers, which are particularly suitable as a damping material for artificial turf.
  • the multicomponent fibers according to the invention are spun from a spinneret or spinnerette.
  • the individual plastic components are fed to the spinneret in the usual way from extruders.
  • After spinning of the multicomponent fibers it is expedient first to cool the fibers, preferably in a water bath.
  • the multicomponent fibers can then be drawn. According to a preferred embodiment, the processing of the fibers into textured yarn takes place.
  • the blades of the artificial turf are formed from multi-component fibers or multi-component filaments, which are preferably embodied in a core-sheath structure.
  • a first plastic component forms part of the cross section of a straw and extends at least substantially over the length of the straw.
  • a second plastic component forms a further part of the cross-section of a straw and also extends at least substantially over the length of the straw.
  • the first plastic component preferably forms the sheath and the second plastic component forms the core of the multicomponent fiber in a core-sheath structure.
  • a third plastic component is also provided here, which forms part of the cross section of a straw and extends at least substantially over the length of the straw.
  • the third plastic component is disposed in the multicomponent fiber between the first plastic component and the second plastic component, preferably between the sheath (first plastic component) and the core (second plastic component) of the multi-component core-sheath fiber.
  • the third plastic component preferably acts as a bonding agent between the first and the second plastic component. It is within the scope of the invention that the features and embodiments that have been mentioned above with respect to the first plastic component, the second plastic component and the third plastic component in connection with the damping material, fully apply for the plastic components of the blades or for the stalks.
  • the multicomponent fibers for the stalks also preferably have a sheath component of a polyolefin, preferably of polyethylene, and more preferably of LLDPE.
  • the multi-component fibers for the blades are recommended to have a core of polyamide, preferably of polyamide 6.
  • the third plastic component is expediently as it were internally Sheath disposed in these multi-component fibers for the blades and surrounds the core at least partially, preferably completely.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the damping material according to the invention in the form of multicomponent fibers meets all requirements and has excellent damping properties.
  • the at least long-term and at least partially occurring disadvantageous material loss in the known damping materials does not occur with the damping material according to the invention quasi. Rather, the damping material of the invention remains permanently and even after repeated mechanical impositions in place.
  • the damping material of the invention is characterized by excellent skin compatibility. For example, if athletes fall on the artificial turf or slip over the artificial turf, there will be no significant injury or burns to the skin. This contributes in an effective manner the inventive design of the multi-component filaments in core-shell structure.
  • the artificial grass according to the invention is also ideal for landscaping.
  • a section of an artificial turf according to the invention from a plurality of stems 1 is shown, which are fixed to a base layer 2.
  • a base layer 2 Preferably, multi-component fibers are used in the form of monofilaments which form the blades 1.
  • the stalks 1 are expediently fixed to the base layer 2 by tufts.
  • Fig. 2 shows an enlarged side view of the artificial turf invention.
  • the base layer 2 is, in particular, a woven or synthetic fabric, which preferably consists of a polyolefin, preferably of polypropylene or polyethylene.
  • the damping material 3 according to the invention in the form of multi-component fibers 7.
  • the multi-component fibers 7 are here preferably and in the exemplary embodiment as a textured yarn before.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross section through a multi-component fiber 7 according to the invention for the damping material 3 shown.
  • the multicomponent fibers are designed here in core-shell structure.
  • the jacket 4 is preferably and in the embodiment of polyethylene, preferably of LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene).
  • the core 5 is preferably and in the embodiment of polyamide, very preferably polyamide 6.
  • a layer of a third plastic component is arranged, which preferably consists of a copolymer of polyamide and polyethylene or of maleic anhydride modified polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • the third plastic component forms an inner shell 6, which completely surrounds the core 5 and acts as a bonding agent between shell 4 and core 5.
  • the core component or the second plastic component preferably and in the exemplary embodiment forms the main constituent of the multicomponent fiber.

Abstract

The turf has a set of blades (1) that are fixed and projected upward from a base layer (2). A mass of infill is provided between the blades and on the layer. The infill is formed of elongated plastic fibers that include a longitudinally extending inner part made of plastic and a longitudinally extending outer part made of another plastic, where the outer part is bonded to the inner part. An intermediate layer is provided between the inner part and the outer part, where the layer is made of polyamide/polyolefin copolymer or polyolefin modified with maleic acid derivative.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kunstrasen, insbesondere für Sportplätze und Gärten mit einer Vielzahl von an einer Basisschicht fixierten Halmen, wobei auf der Basisschicht zwischen den Halmen ein Dämpfungsmaterial angeordnet ist.The invention relates to an artificial turf, in particular for sports fields and gardens with a plurality of fixed to a base layer stalks, wherein on the base layer between the stalks a damping material is arranged.

Kunstrasenflächen der vorstehend bezeichneten Art sind aus der Praxis in verschiedenen Ausführungsformen bekannt. Bei diesen bekannten Ausführungsformen wird als Dämpfungsmaterial insbesondere Sand oder Gummigranulat in die Zwischenräume zwischen den Halmen eingefüllt. Dieses Dämpfungsmaterial hat zumindest langfristig den Nachteil, dass es bereichsweise mehr oder weniger abgetragen wird und daher eine ständige Nachfüllung von Dämpfungsmaterial, zumindest an stärker beaufschlagten Stellen des Kunstrasens erforderlich ist. Außerdem lassen auch die Dämpfungseigenschaften häufig zu wünschen übrig. Weiterhin ist aus DE 35 25 441 A1 ein Bodenbelag bzw. ein Kunstrasen bekannt, der eine erste Art von Polfäden aufweist, die eine zweite Art von Polfäden überragen. Nach DE 35 25 441 A1 bilden die zweiten Polfäden eine Kräuselfadenschicht aus, in der ggf. eine Füllung aus beispielsweise einem elastischen Granulat festgehalten wird. Der in DE 35 25 441 A1 beschriebene Bodenbelag ist jedoch nur sehr aufwändig herstellbar und weist keine zufriedenstellenden Dämpfungseigenschaften auf.Artificial turf surfaces of the type described above are known in practice in various embodiments. In these known embodiments, in particular sand or rubber granules are filled into the spaces between the straws as damping material. This damping material has at least the long-term disadvantage that it is partially removed more or less and therefore a constant replenishment of damping material, at least on more exposed areas of the artificial turf is required. In addition, the damping properties often leave something to be desired. Furthermore, it is off DE 35 25 441 A1 a floor covering or an artificial turf is known which has a first type of pile threads which project beyond a second type of pile threads. To DE 35 25 441 A1 The second pile threads form a crimped thread layer in which, if necessary, a filling made of, for example, elastic granules is retained. The in DE 35 25 441 A1 However described flooring is only very expensive to produce and has no satisfactory damping properties.

Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung das technische Problem zugrunde, einen Kunstrasen der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, bei dem die vorstehend beschriebenen Nachteile vermieden werden können.In contrast, the invention is the technical problem of providing an artificial turf of the type mentioned, in which the disadvantages described above can be avoided.

Zur Lösung dieses technischen Problems lehrt die Erfindung einen Kunstrasen der eingangs beschriebenen Art, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das Dämpfungsmaterial aus Kunststofffasern besteht, die als Mehrkomponentenfasern ausgebildet sind und dass eine erste Kunststoffkomponente einen Teil des Querschnittes der Mehrkomponentenfasern bildet und eine zweite Kunststoffkomponente einen weiteren Teil des Querschnittes der Mehrkomponentenfasern bildet.To solve this technical problem, the invention teaches an artificial turf of the type described above, which is characterized in that the damping material consists of plastic fibers, which are formed as a multi-component fibers and that a first plastic component is a part the cross-section of the multi-component fibers forms and a second plastic component forms a further part of the cross-section of the multi-component fibers.

Die Basisschicht des erfindungsgemäßen Kunstrasens bildet gleichsam eine flächige Grundschicht die vorzugsweise als Gewebe ausgebildet ist. Die Basisschicht, vorzugsweise das Gewebe besteht empfohlenermaßen aus einem Kunststoff und zweckmäßigerweise aus einem Polyolefin, insbesondere aus Polyethylen oder Polypropylen. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass auch die Halme des erfindungsgemäßen Kunstrasens aus Kunststoff bestehen. Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Halme aus Kunststofffasern bzw. Kunststofffilamenten gebildet. Nach einer empfohlenen Ausführungsvariante bilden Monofilamente aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff die Halme des Kunstrasens. Die Halme des Kunstrasens werden zweckmäßigerweise durch Tuften an der Basisschicht fixiert.The base layer of the synthetic turf according to the invention forms, as it were, a flat base layer, which is preferably designed as a woven fabric. The base layer, Preferably, the fabric is preferably made of a plastic and suitably of a polyolefin, especially polyethylene or polypropylene. It is within the scope of the invention that the blades of the synthetic turf according to the invention also consist of plastic. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the blades are formed of plastic fibers or plastic filaments. According to a recommended embodiment, monofilaments of thermoplastic material form the blades of the artificial turf. The blades of the artificial turf are expediently fixed by tufts on the base layer.

Erfindungsgemäß besteht das Dämpfungsmaterial aus Mehrkomponentenfasern, die in den Zwischenräumen zwischen den Halmen auf der Basisschicht aufgebracht werden. Die Kunststofffasern bzw. Mehrkomponentenfasern sind hier gleichsam knäuelförmig angeordnet. Die erste Kunststoffkomponente und die zweite Kunststoffkomponente der Mehrkomponentenfasern erstrecken sich vorzugsweise über die gesamte Länge oder im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Länge der Mehrkomponentenfasern.According to the invention, the damping material consists of multi-component fibers, which are applied in the spaces between the blades on the base layer. The plastic fibers or multicomponent fibers are here arranged like a ball-shaped. The first plastic component and the second plastic component of the multicomponent fibers preferably extend over the entire length or substantially the entire length of the multicomponent fibers.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass eine dritte Kunststoffkomponente einen weiteren Teil des Querschnittes der Mehrkomponentenfaser bildet und dass die dritte Kunststoffkomponente in der Mehrkomponentenfaser zwischen der ersten Kunststoffkomponente und der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente angeordnet ist. Auch die dritte Kunststoffkomponente erstreckt sich zweckmäßigerweise über die gesamte Länge oder im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Länge der Mehrkomponentenfasern. Zweckmäßigerweise handelt es sich bei der dritten Kunststoffkomponente um einen Haftvermittler zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente. Nach besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die drei Kunststoffkomponenten die einzigen Kunststoffkomponenten der Mehrkomponentenfasern und somit liegen die Mehrkomponentenfasern als Trikomponentenfasern vor.It is within the scope of the invention that a third plastic component forms a further part of the cross section of the multicomponent fiber and that the third plastic component is arranged in the multicomponent fiber between the first plastic component and the second plastic component. The third plastic component expediently extends over the entire length or essentially over the entire length of the multicomponent fibers. Conveniently, the third plastic component is an adhesion promoter between the first and the second plastic component. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the three plastic components are the only plastic components of the multicomponent fibers and thus the multicomponent fibers are present as tricomponent fibers.

Es liegt weiterhin im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Mehrkomponentenfasern eine Kern-Mantel-Struktur (core/sheet) aufweisen und dass die erste Kunststoffkomponente den Mantel und die zweite Kunststoffkomponente den Kern der Mehrkomponentenfasern bildet. Zweckmäßigerweise bildet die erste Kunststoffkomponente den äußeren Mantel der Mehrkomponentenfasern und umgibt den Kern zumindest teilweise, vorzugsweise größtenteils und bevorzugt vollständig.It is furthermore within the scope of the invention that the multicomponent fibers have a core / sheet structure and that the first plastic component forms the sheath and the second plastic component forms the core of the multicomponent fibers. Conveniently, the first plastic component forms the outer jacket of the multicomponent fibers and surrounds the core at least partially, preferably for the most part and preferably completely.

Nach sehr empfohlener Ausführungsform der Erfindung handelt es sich bei der ersten Kunststoffkomponente um ein Polyolefin, vorzugsweise um Polyethylen und sehr bevorzugt um LLDPE (lineares Polyethylen niederer Dichte). Polyethylen und insbesondere LLDPE hat sich im Rahmen der Erfindung besonders bewährt. Zweckmäßigerweise bildet das Polyolefin, vorzugsweise Polyethylen und sehr bevorzugt LLDPE, die Mantelkomponente der Mehrkomponentenfasern in Kern-Mantel-Struktur.In a highly recommended embodiment of the invention, the first plastic component is a polyolefin, preferably polyethylene, and most preferably LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene). Polyethylene and in particular LLDPE has proven particularly useful in the context of the invention. Conveniently, the polyolefin, preferably polyethylene and most preferably LLDPE, forms the sheath component of the multicomponent fibers in core-shell structure.

Bei der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente handelt es sich vorzugsweise um ein Polyamid oder um einen Polyester. Als Polyester kann insbesondere Polybutylenterephtalat (PBT) verwendet werden. Nach sehr bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die zweite Kunststoffkomponente aber ein Polyamid. Empfohlenermaßen handelt es sich bei der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente um ein Polyamid aus der Gruppe "Polyamid 6, Polyamid 6.6, Polyamid 6.12, Polyamid 6.10". Besonders bevorzugt ist dabei der Einsatz von Polyamid 6 als zweite Kunststoffkomponente. Die zweite Kunststoffkomponente bildet zweckmäßigerweise die Kernkomponente der Mehrkomponentenfasern in Kern-Mantel-Struktur.The second plastic component is preferably a polyamide or a polyester. In particular, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) can be used as the polyester. However, according to a very preferred embodiment of the invention, the second plastic component is a polyamide. It is recommended that the second plastic component is a polyamide from the group "polyamide 6, polyamide 6.6, polyamide 6.12, polyamide 6.10". Particularly preferred is the use of polyamide 6 as a second plastic component. The second plastic component expediently forms the core component of the multicomponent fibers in a core-shell structure.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die dritte Kunststoffkomponente in der Kern-Mantel-Struktur der Mehrkomponentenfasern zwischen Mantel und Kern angeordnet ist und dass die dritte Kunststoffkomponente den Kern dabei zumindest teilweise, vorzugsweise vollständig bzw. im Wesentlichen vollständig umgibt. Die dritte Kunststoffkomponente bildet dabei gleichsam den inneren Mantel der Kern-Mantel-Struktur, während die erste Kunststoffkomponente vorzugsweise den äußeren Mantel bildet. Es liegt weiterhin im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass es sich bei der dritten Kunststoffkomponente um einen Kunststoff handelt, der als Haftvermittler zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente wirkt. Dem Fachmann sind grundsätzlich Kunststoffe bekannt, die als Haftvermittler, insbesondere zwischen einem Polyolefin und einem Polyamid wirken können. Nach einer empfohlenen Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung handelt es sich bei der dritten Kunststoffkomponente um ein Copolymer Polyamid/Polyolefin, vorzugsweise um ein Copolymer Polyamid/Polyethylen. Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvarinte wird als dritte Kunststoffkomponente ein mit einem Maleinsäurederivat, zweckmäßigerweise mit Maliensäureanhydrid modifiziertes Polyolefin eingesetzt. Bei dem modifzierten Polyolefin handelt es sich bevorzugt um modifiziertes Polyethylen oder Polypropylen.It is within the scope of the invention that the third plastic component is arranged in the core-sheath structure of the multi-component fibers between the sheath and the core and that the third plastic component is the core at least partially, preferably completely or substantially completely surrounds. The third plastic component forms as it were the inner shell of the core-shell structure, while the first plastic component preferably forms the outer shell. It is also within the scope of the invention that the third plastic component is a plastic which acts as a bonding agent between the first and the second plastic component. The skilled person is generally aware of plastics which can act as adhesion promoters, in particular between a polyolefin and a polyamide. According to a recommended embodiment of the invention, the third plastic component is a copolymer polyamide / polyolefin, preferably a copolymer polyamide / polyethylene. In accordance with a further preferred embodiment, the third plastic component used is a polyolefin modified with a maleic acid derivative, expediently with malienic anhydride. The modified polyolefin is preferably modified polyethylene or polypropylene.

Die Mehrkomponentenfasern weisen in Bezug auf ihren Querschnitt bzw. auf ihre Querschnittsfläche vorzugsweise 5 bis 50 %, bevorzugt 10 bis 45 % und sehr bevorzugt 10 bis 40 % der ersten Kunststoffkomponente auf. Es handelt sich bei den vorstehenden und nachfolgenden Angaben um den prozentualen Flächenanteil, den die jeweilige Komponente bezüglich der Querschnittsfläche einer Mehrkomponentenfaser einnimmt. Empfohlenermaßen weisen die Mehrkomponentenfasern bezogen auf ihren Querschnitt bzw. auf ihre Querschnittsfläche 3 bis 20 %, vorzugsweise 5 bis 20 % und bevorzugt 5 bis 15 % der dritten Kunststoffkomponente auf. Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung weisen die Mehrkomponentenfasern in Bezug auf ihren Querschnitt bzw. auf ihre Querschnittsfläche 30 bis 93 %, vorzugsweise 30 bis 85 % und bevorzugt 35 bis 80 % der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente auf. Wie oben bereits dargelegt bildet dabei die erste Kunststoffkomponente den Mantel bzw. äußeren Mantel der Mehrkomponentenfaser und die zweite Kunststoffkomponente bildet den Kern der Mehrkomponentenfaser in Kern-Mantel-Struktur. Die dritte Kunststoffkomponente ist bevorzugt zwischen der ersten Kunststoffkomponente (Mantel) und der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente (Kern) angeordnet und wirkt zweckmäßigerweise als Haftvermittler zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente. Nach einer sehr bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung handelt es sich bei der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente bzw. bei der Kernkomponente um den Hauptbestandteil der Mehrkomponentenfasern. Die zweite Kunststoffkomponente nimmt in Bezug auf den Querschnitt bzw. in Bezug auf die Querschnittsfläche einer Mehrkomponentenfaser zweckmäßigerweise mehr als 40 %, vorzugsweise mehr als 45 % der Querschnittsfläche ein.The multicomponent fibers preferably have 5 to 50%, preferably 10 to 45% and very preferably 10 to 40% of the first plastic component with respect to their cross-section or to their cross-sectional area. The preceding and following statements are the percentage area fraction that the respective component occupies with regard to the cross-sectional area of a multicomponent fiber. It is recommended that the multicomponent fibers have 3 to 20%, preferably 5 to 20% and preferably 5 to 15% of the third plastic component, based on their cross-section or on their cross-sectional area. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the multicomponent fibers have in relation to their cross-section or on their cross-sectional area 30 to 93%, preferably 30 to 85% and preferably 35 to 80% of the second plastic component. As already explained above, the first plastic component forms the jacket or outer jacket of the multi-component fiber and the second plastic component forms the core of the multi-component fiber in core-shell structure. The third plastic component is preferably arranged between the first plastic component (jacket) and the second plastic component (core) and expediently acts as a bonding agent between the first and the second plastic component. According to a very preferred embodiment of the invention, the second plastic component or the core component is the main constituent of the multicomponent fibers. The second plastic component expediently occupies more than 40%, preferably more than 45%, of the cross-sectional area with respect to the cross-section or with respect to the cross-sectional area of a multicomponent fiber.

Eine ganz besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mehrkomponentenfasern zu texturiertem Garn verarbeitet werden und in Form von texturiertem Garn als Dämpfungsmaterial auf der Basisschicht zwischen den Halmen angeordnet werden. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Mehrkomponentenfasern in einer Texturiermaschine texturiert werden. Bei den texturierten Fasern handelt es sich um dauerhaft gekräuselte Mehrkomponentenfasern, die sich als Dämpfungsmaterial für den Kunstrasen ganz besonders eignen.A very particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the multicomponent fibers are processed into textured yarn and are arranged in the form of textured yarn as a damping material on the base layer between the stalks. It is within the scope of the invention that the multicomponent fibers are textured in a texturing machine. The textured fibers are permanently crimped multicomponent fibers, which are particularly suitable as a damping material for artificial turf.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Mehrkomponentenfasern aus einer Spinndüse bzw. Spinnerette ersponnen werden. Die einzelnen Kunststoffkomponenten werden der Spinndüse in üblicher Weise aus Extrudern zugeführt. Nach dem Erspinnen der Mehrkomponentenfasern erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise zunächst eine Abkühlung der Fasern, bevorzugt in einem Wasserbad. Die Mehrkomponentenfasern können anschließend verstreckt werden. Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform erfolgt die Verarbeitung der Fasern zu texturiertem Garn.It is within the scope of the invention that the multicomponent fibers according to the invention are spun from a spinneret or spinnerette. The individual plastic components are fed to the spinneret in the usual way from extruders. After spinning of the multicomponent fibers, it is expedient first to cool the fibers, preferably in a water bath. The multicomponent fibers can then be drawn. According to a preferred embodiment, the processing of the fibers into textured yarn takes place.

Nach einer besonders empfohlenen Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind auch die Halme des Kunstrasens aus Mehrkomponentenfasern bzw. Mehrkomponentenfilamenten gebildet, die vorzugsweise in Kern-Mantel-Struktur ausgeführt sind. Eine erste Kunststoffkomponente bildet einen Teil des Querschnittes eines Halmes und erstreckt sich zumindest im Wesentlichen über die Länge des Halmes. Eine zweite Kunststoffkomponente bildet einen weiteren Teil des Querschnittes eines Halmes und erstreckt sich ebenfalls zumindest im Wesentlichen über die Länge des Halmes. Die erste Kunststoffkomponente bildet dabei vorzugsweise den Mantel und die zweite Kunststoffkomponente den Kern der Mehrkomponentenfaser in Kern-Mantel-Struktur. Zweckmäßigerweise ist auch hier eine dritte Kunststoffkomponente vorgesehen, die einen Teil des Querschnittes eines Halmes bildet und sich zumindest im Wesentlichen über die Länge des Halmes erstreckt. Es empfiehlt sich, dass die dritte Kunststoffkomponente in der Mehrkomponentenfaser zwischen der ersten Kunststoffkomponente und der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente angeordnet ist, und zwar bevorzugt zwischen dem Mantel (erste Kunststoffkomponente) und dem Kern (zweite Kunststoffkomponente) der Mehrkomponentenfaser in Kern-Mantel-Struktur. Die dritte Kunststoffkomponente wirkt vorzugsweise als Haftvermittler zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Merkmale und Ausführungen, die oben bezüglich der ersten Kunststoffkomponente, der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente und der dritten Kunststoffkomponente im Zusammenhang mit dem Dämpfungsmaterial angeführt wurden, voll umfänglich auch für die Kunststoffkomponenten der Halme bzw. für die Halme gelten. So weisen die Mehrkomponentenfasern für die Halme ebenfalls vorzugsweise eine Mantelkomponente aus einem Polyolefin, bevorzugt aus Polyethylen und sehr bevorzugt aus LLDPE auf. Fernerhin weisen die Mehrkomponentenfasern für die Halme empfohlenermaßen einen Kern aus Polyamid, bevorzugt aus Polyamid 6 auf. Die dritte Kunststoffkomponente ist zweckmäßigerweise gleichsam als innerer Mantel in diesen Mehrkomponentenfasern für die Halme angeordnet und umgibt den Kern zumindest teilweise, vorzugsweise vollständig.According to a particularly recommended embodiment of the invention, the blades of the artificial turf are formed from multi-component fibers or multi-component filaments, which are preferably embodied in a core-sheath structure. A first plastic component forms part of the cross section of a straw and extends at least substantially over the length of the straw. A second plastic component forms a further part of the cross-section of a straw and also extends at least substantially over the length of the straw. The first plastic component preferably forms the sheath and the second plastic component forms the core of the multicomponent fiber in a core-sheath structure. Appropriately, a third plastic component is also provided here, which forms part of the cross section of a straw and extends at least substantially over the length of the straw. It is recommended that the third plastic component is disposed in the multicomponent fiber between the first plastic component and the second plastic component, preferably between the sheath (first plastic component) and the core (second plastic component) of the multi-component core-sheath fiber. The third plastic component preferably acts as a bonding agent between the first and the second plastic component. It is within the scope of the invention that the features and embodiments that have been mentioned above with respect to the first plastic component, the second plastic component and the third plastic component in connection with the damping material, fully apply for the plastic components of the blades or for the stalks. Thus, the multicomponent fibers for the stalks also preferably have a sheath component of a polyolefin, preferably of polyethylene, and more preferably of LLDPE. Furthermore, the multi-component fibers for the blades are recommended to have a core of polyamide, preferably of polyamide 6. The third plastic component is expediently as it were internally Sheath disposed in these multi-component fibers for the blades and surrounds the core at least partially, preferably completely.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass das erfindungsgemäße Dämpfungsmaterial in Form der Mehrkomponentenfasern allen Anforderungen genügt und hervorragende Dämpfungseigenschaften aufweist. Der bei den bekannten Dämpfungsmaterialien zumindest langfristig und zumindest bereichsweise auftretende nachteilhafte Materialverlust findet mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Dämpfungsmaterial quasi nicht statt. Vielmehr verbleibt das erfindungsgemäße Dämpfungsmaterial dauerhaft und auch nach mehrfachen mechanischen Beaufschlagungen an Ort und Stelle erhalten. Zu betonen ist weiterhin, dass sich das erfindungsgemäße Dämpfungsmaterial durch eine hervorragende Hautverträglichkeit auszeichnet. Wenn beispielsweise Sportler auf dem Kunstrasen stürzen oder über den Kunstrasen rutschen, resultieren daraus keine nennenswerten Verletzungen oder Verbrennungen der Haut. Hierzu trägt in effektiver Weise die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Mehrkomponentenfilamente in Kern-Mantel-Struktur bei. Der erfindungsgemäße Kunstrasen eignet sich auch hervorragend zur Gartengestaltung.The invention is based on the finding that the damping material according to the invention in the form of multicomponent fibers meets all requirements and has excellent damping properties. The at least long-term and at least partially occurring disadvantageous material loss in the known damping materials does not occur with the damping material according to the invention quasi. Rather, the damping material of the invention remains permanently and even after repeated mechanical impositions in place. It should also be emphasized that the damping material of the invention is characterized by excellent skin compatibility. For example, if athletes fall on the artificial turf or slip over the artificial turf, there will be no significant injury or burns to the skin. This contributes in an effective manner the inventive design of the multi-component filaments in core-shell structure. The artificial grass according to the invention is also ideal for landscaping.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Kunstrasens,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht des Gegenstandes nach Fig. 1 im Schnitt und
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Mehrkomponentenfaser des Dämpfungsmaterials.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing showing only one exemplary embodiment. In a schematic representation:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of an artificial turf according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a side view of the object Fig. 1 on average and
Fig. 3
a section through a multi-component fiber of the damping material according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Abschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Kunstrasens aus einer Vielzahl von Halmen 1 dargestellt, die an einer Basisschicht 2 fixiert sind. Vorzugsweise werden Mehrkomponentenfasern in Form von Monofilamenten eingesetzt, die die Halme 1 bilden. Die Halme 1 werden zweckmäßigerweise durch Tuften an der Basisschicht 2 fixiert.In Fig. 1 a section of an artificial turf according to the invention from a plurality of stems 1 is shown, which are fixed to a base layer 2. Preferably, multi-component fibers are used in the form of monofilaments which form the blades 1. The stalks 1 are expediently fixed to the base layer 2 by tufts.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine vergrößerte Seitenansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Kunstrasens. Hier sind zunächst die an der Basisschicht 2 fixierten Halme 1 erkennbar. Bei der Basisschicht 2 handelt es sich insbesondere um ein Gewebe bzw. Kunststoffgewebe, das vorzugsweise aus einem Polyolefin besteht, bevorzugt aus Polypropylen oder Polyethylen. Zwischen den Halmen 1 befindet sich auf der Basisschicht 2 das erfindungsgemäße Dämpfungsmaterial 3 in Form von Mehrkomponentenfasern 7. Die Mehrkomponentenfasern 7 liegen hier vorzugsweise und im Ausführungsbeispiel als texturiertes Garn vor. Fig. 2 shows an enlarged side view of the artificial turf invention. Here, first, the stalks 1 fixed to the base layer 2 can be seen. The base layer 2 is, in particular, a woven or synthetic fabric, which preferably consists of a polyolefin, preferably of polypropylene or polyethylene. Between the stalks 1 is located on the base layer 2, the damping material 3 according to the invention in the form of multi-component fibers 7. The multi-component fibers 7 are here preferably and in the exemplary embodiment as a textured yarn before.

In der Fig. 3 ist ein Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Mehrkomponentenfaser 7 für das Dämpfungsmaterial 3 dargestellt. Die Mehrkomponentenfasern sind hier in Kern-Mantel-Struktur ausgeführt. Der Mantel 4 besteht vorzugsweise und im Ausführungsbeispiel aus Polyethylen, vorzugsweise aus LLDPE (lineares Polyethylen niederer Dichte). Der Kern 5 besteht vorzugsweise und im Ausführungsbeispiel aus Polyamid, sehr bevorzugt aus Polyamid 6. Zwischen dem Mantel 4 und dem Kern 5 ist eine Schicht aus einer dritten Kunststoffkomponente angeordnet, die bevorzugt aus einem Copolymer aus Polyamid und Polyethylen besteht oder aus mit Maleinsäureanhydrid modifiziertem Polyethylen oder Polypropylen besteht. Die dritte Kunststoffkomponente bildet einen inneren Mantel 6, der den Kern 5 vollständig umgibt und als Haftvermittler zwischen Mantel 4 und Kern 5 wirkt. Die Kernkomponente bzw. die zweite Kunststoffkomponente bildet vorzugsweise und im Ausführungsbeispiel den Hauptbestandteil der Mehrkomponentenfaser.In the Fig. 3 is a cross section through a multi-component fiber 7 according to the invention for the damping material 3 shown. The multicomponent fibers are designed here in core-shell structure. The jacket 4 is preferably and in the embodiment of polyethylene, preferably of LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene). The core 5 is preferably and in the embodiment of polyamide, very preferably polyamide 6. Between the shell 4 and the core 5, a layer of a third plastic component is arranged, which preferably consists of a copolymer of polyamide and polyethylene or of maleic anhydride modified polyethylene or polypropylene. The third plastic component forms an inner shell 6, which completely surrounds the core 5 and acts as a bonding agent between shell 4 and core 5. The core component or the second plastic component preferably and in the exemplary embodiment forms the main constituent of the multicomponent fiber.

Claims (10)

  1. An artificial turf, in particular for sports facilities and gardens, having a plurality of tufts (1) secured to a base layer (2), with a damping material (3) being arranged on the base layer (2) and between the tufts (1),
    characterized in that
    the damping material (3) comprises plastic fibers which are designed as multicomponent fibers (7); a first plastic component forms a portion of the cross section of a multicomponent fiber (7), and a second plastic component forms another portion of the cross section of a multicomponent fiber (7).
  2. The artificial turf according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    a third plastic component forms another portion of the cross section of a multicomponent fiber (7), and the third plastic component in the multicomponent fiber (7) is arranged between the first plastic component and the second plastic component.
  3. The artificial turf according to any one of claims 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the multicomponent fibers (7) have a core-sheath structure, the first plastic component forming the sheath (4) and the second plastic component forming the core (5) of the multicomponent fibers (7).
  4. The artificial turf according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the first plastic component is a polyolefin, preferably polyethylene and very preferably LLDPE.
  5. The artificial turf according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the second plastic component is a polyamide or a polyester.
  6. The artificial turf according to claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the second plastic component is a polyamide from the group "polyamide 6, polyamide 6.6, polyamide 6.12, polyamide 6.10."
  7. The artificial turf according to any one of claims 3 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the third plastic component in the core-sheath structure of the multicomponent fiber (7) is arranged between the sheath (4) and the core (5), and the third plastic component surrounds the core (5) at least partially, preferably completely.
  8. The artificial turf according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that
    the third plastic component is a plastic component from the group of "copolymer polyamide/polyolefin, polyolefin modified with maleic acid derivative."
  9. The artificial turf according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that
    the multicomponent fibers (7) are processed to form textured yarn and are arranged as a damping material (3) in the form of textured yarn between the tufts (1) on the base layer (2).
  10. The artificial turf according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the tufts (1) are formed from multicomponent fibers (7), preferably embodied in the core-sheath structure.
EP07007945A 2007-04-19 2007-04-19 Synthetic turf Revoked EP1983104B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES07007945T ES2341896T3 (en) 2007-04-19 2007-04-19 ARTIFICIAL GRASS.
DE502007002924T DE502007002924D1 (en) 2007-04-19 2007-04-19 artificial grass
AT07007945T ATE458863T1 (en) 2007-04-19 2007-04-19 ARTIFICIAL GRASS
EP07007945A EP1983104B1 (en) 2007-04-19 2007-04-19 Synthetic turf
CA2629111A CA2629111C (en) 2007-04-19 2008-04-15 Artificial turf
US12/104,476 US9315954B2 (en) 2007-04-19 2008-04-17 Artificial turf

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07007945A EP1983104B1 (en) 2007-04-19 2007-04-19 Synthetic turf

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EP1983104A1 EP1983104A1 (en) 2008-10-22
EP1983104B1 true EP1983104B1 (en) 2010-02-24

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US (1) US9315954B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1983104B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE458863T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2629111C (en)
DE (1) DE502007002924D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2341896T3 (en)

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DE502007002924D1 (en) 2010-04-08
ES2341896T3 (en) 2010-06-29
ATE458863T1 (en) 2010-03-15
EP1983104A1 (en) 2008-10-22
US20080260974A1 (en) 2008-10-23
CA2629111C (en) 2015-10-27
CA2629111A1 (en) 2008-10-19
US9315954B2 (en) 2016-04-19

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