Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
  • C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
  • C08K5/0016—Plasticisers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/29—Compounds containing one or more carbon-to-nitrogen double bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
  • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
  • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
  • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L51/06—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond

Definitions

• compositions comprising a thermoplastic composition based on polyolefin and plasticized starch (a) and synthetic fibers (b). It also relates to a process for preparing these compositions.
• thermoplastic starch behaves in the manner of a compatibilizer or coupling agent between the thermoplastic composition (a) and the synthetic fibers (b) by acting on the fiber adhesion and the compatibility of such mixtures.
• thermoplastic composition (a) has, compared with polyolefins, excellent interaction and adhesion properties vis-à-vis the synthetic fibers, especially vis-à-vis the fibers of glass or carbon, so that this thermoplastic composition (a) can also constitute a full-fledged adhesive or synthetic fiber bonding composition (b).
• the composition according to the invention advantageously has a density of between 1.1 and 2.5, preferably between 1.15 and 2.10 and more preferably between 1.3 and 2.00 according to the ISO 1183 method. density is actually quite high but remains very advantageous in view of the densities of metals and even those of many synthetic polymers formulated with mineral fillers present on the market.
• the composition according to the invention comprises first and foremost a particular thermoplastic composition (a) which has the advantage of being rather sparse and of having a density measured according to the ISO 1183 method of between 1.05 and 1.25 and of preferably between 1.1 and 1.2.
• This thermoplastic composition (a) necessarily comprises a polyolefin.
• This polyolefin may be virgin, that is to say not having any prior use, although it may be formulated by the addition of additives or by compounding. It can also be recycled, that is to say come from polyolefin parts or objects recovered by recovery of material.
• This degree of crystallinity can in particular be measured by X-ray diffraction as described in US Pat. No. 5,362,777 (column 9, lines 8 to 24).
• thermoplastic starch is advantageously substantially free of starch grains having, under light microscopy under polarized light, a Maltese cross, an indicator sign of the presence of crystalline granular starch.
• the starch selected for the preparation of the thermoplastic starch is a granular starch.
• the crystallinity of said granular starch can be reduced to less than 15% by thermomechanical treatment and / or intimate mixing with a suitable plasticizer.
• Said granular starch can be of any botanical origin. It may be starch native to cereals such as wheat, maize, barley, triticale, sorghum or rice, tubers such as potato or cassava, or legumes such as peas and soya, starches rich in amylose or conversely, rich in amylopectin (vaxy) from these plants and any mixtures of the aforementioned starches.
• the granular starch may also be a granular starch modified by any means, physical, chemical and / or enzymatic. It may be a fluidized or oxidized granular starch or a white dextrin. It may also be a granular starch modified physico-chemically but having been able to retain the structure of the native starch starch, such as esterified and / or etherified starches, in particular modified by grafting, acetylation, hydroxypropylation, anionization, cationisation, crosslinking, phosphatation, succinylation and / or silylation. It may be, finally, a starch modified by a combination of the treatments mentioned above or any mixture of such granular starches.
• the granular starch is preferably a wheat or pea granular starch or a granular derivative of wheat or pea starch. It generally has a level of solubles at 20 ° C in demineralised water of less than 5% by mass and can be practically insoluble in cold water.
• the starch selected for the preparation of the thermoplastic starch is a water-soluble starch, which can also come from all botanical origins, including a starch, which is water-soluble, rich in amylose or, conversely, rich in amylopectin (waxy). .
• This soluble starch can be introduced as a partial or total replacement of the granular starch.
• Such water-soluble starches can be obtained by pregelatinization on a drum, by pregelatinization on an extruder, by spraying a suspension or a starch solution, by precipitation with a non-solvent, by hydrothermal cooking, by chemical functionalization or the like. It is in particular a pregelatinized, extruded or atomized starch, a highly converted dextrin (also called yellow dextrin), a maltodextrin, a functionalized starch or a mixture of these products.
• organosoluble that is to say present, at 20 ° C, a fraction soluble in a solvent selected from ethanol, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, diethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl glutarate, triethyl citrate, dibasic esters, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl isosorbide, glycerol triacetate, isosorbide diacetate, dioleate isosorbide and methyl esters of vegetable oils, at least equal to 5% by weight.
• This soluble fraction is preferably greater than 20% by weight and in particular greater than 50% by weight.
• the high functionalization can be obtained in particular by acetylation in the solvent phase by acetic anhydride, grafting for example in the solvent phase or by reactive extrusion, of acid anhydrides, mixed anhydrides, fatty acid chlorides, oligomers of caprolactones or lactides, hydroxypropylation and crosslinking in the glue phase, cationization and crosslinking in the dry phase or in the glue phase, anionization by phosphatation or succinylation and crosslinking in the dry phase or in the glue phase, sililation, butadiene telomerization.
• organomodified, preferably organosoluble, highly functionalized starches may in particular be acetates of starches, dextrins or maltodextrins or fatty esters of these starchy materials (starches, dextrins, maltodextrins) with fatty chains of 4 to 22 carbons, all of these products preferably having a degree of substitution (DS) between 0.5 and 3.0, preferably between 0.8 and 2.8 and in particular between 1.0 and 2.7.
• DS degree of substitution
• It may be, for example, hexanoates, octanoates, decanoates, laurates, palmitates, oleates and stearates of starches, dextrins or maltodextrins, in particular having a DS between 0 , 8 and 2.8.
• the thermoplastic composition (a) comprises a plasticizer.
• plasticizer is intended to mean any organic molecule of low molecular weight, that is to say preferably having a molecular weight of less than 5000, which, when incorporated by a thermomechanical treatment at a temperature of between 20 and 200 ° C to the thermoplastic composition (a) or to the thermoplastic starch, results in a decrease in the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic composition (a) or the thermoplastic starch and / or results in reducing the crystallinity of the thermoplastic starch until it reaches an essentially amorphous state.
• triacetin isosorbide diacetate, isosorbide dioctanoate, isosorbide dioleate, isosorbide dilaurate, dibasic esters (dibasic esters of dicarboxylic acids or dibasic esters), and mixtures of these products.
• organic diacids preferably succinic acid, adipic acid, glutaric acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, maleic acid and the corresponding anhydrides,

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

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• 2009
  • 2009-12-22 FR FR0959349A patent/FR2954331B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2010
  • 2010-12-22 WO PCT/FR2010/052870 patent/WO2011086292A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2010-12-22 EP EP10810781A patent/EP2516535A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-12-22 CN CN2010800587877A patent/CN102753611A/zh active Pending

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