EP2509066A1 - Instrument à percussion électromécanique - Google Patents

Instrument à percussion électromécanique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2509066A1
EP2509066A1 EP11161296A EP11161296A EP2509066A1 EP 2509066 A1 EP2509066 A1 EP 2509066A1 EP 11161296 A EP11161296 A EP 11161296A EP 11161296 A EP11161296 A EP 11161296A EP 2509066 A1 EP2509066 A1 EP 2509066A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
percussion instrument
membrane
electromechanical
vibrating element
instrument according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11161296A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph Adams
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GOODBUY CORP SA
Original Assignee
GOODBUY CORP SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GOODBUY CORP SA filed Critical GOODBUY CORP SA
Priority to EP11161296A priority Critical patent/EP2509066A1/fr
Publication of EP2509066A1 publication Critical patent/EP2509066A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D13/00—Percussion musical instruments; Details or accessories therefor
    • G10D13/10—Details of, or accessories for, percussion musical instruments
    • G10D13/26—Mechanical details of electronic drums
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D13/00—Percussion musical instruments; Details or accessories therefor
    • G10D13/01—General design of percussion musical instruments
    • G10D13/02—Drums; Tambourines with drumheads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D13/00—Percussion musical instruments; Details or accessories therefor
    • G10D13/10—Details of, or accessories for, percussion musical instruments
    • G10D13/20—Drumheads

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to an electromechanical percussion instrument. This is formed according to the present invention in the form of a pelvis or a membranophone percussion instrument.
  • Electromechanical musical instruments are those in which according to the game of conventional acoustic instruments sound generator are excited to vibrate, the vibrations of these sound producers instead of acoustically amplified via resonant body, read by means of electromechanical coupling directly from a sensor and converted into electrical signals, which electrical signals then amplified and played back via speakers. Electromechanical musical instruments in this respect of the purely acoustic musical instruments in which directly audible acoustic waves generated by the instrument and amplified by acoustic resonance.
  • An already well-known and common example of an electromechanical musical instrument is the electric guitar.
  • vibrations of the struck or plucked strings with electromagnetic pickups, so-called pickups are detected.
  • the strings which are usually steel-coated, change the magnetic field due to their vibration of the electromagnetic pickup and thus generate by feedback periodic fluctuations of a signal stream output from the pickup, which correspond in frequency to the vibration behavior of the string.
  • This signal stream is further processed in subsequent components, in particular amplified and output to a speaker.
  • the vibration forming the basis for the sound production is mechanically, ie analog, generated by a vibrating element excited by the play of the instrument to vibrate, and a conversion into electrical, at least initially analog, signals takes place only then, but directly and without a detour via the evaluation of acoustic waves, such as with a sound pickup on acoustic instruments with the help of microphones.
  • percussion instruments - these are instruments composed of a combination of different percussion instruments, which in any case have different drums and cymbals - are assembled from purely acoustic percussion instruments.
  • microphones are often assigned to the individual instruments in order to amplify the acoustic sound and amplify it.
  • crosstalk which disturb the desired sound.
  • the drums are too loud due to their intrinsic loudness per se due to the purely acoustic resonance and dominate or outshine the other musical instruments of an ensemble in an undesirable manner.
  • a further possibility of a percussion instrument by the various percussion instruments which may be part of a drums in particular, namely cymbals and membranophone percussion instruments are realized as electromechanical musical instruments.
  • Membranophonic percussion instruments are those which, for the purpose of producing sound, have a membrane which is set in vibration by striking with a corresponding club.
  • These percussion instruments include in particular drums, timpani but also various percussion instruments such as bongos, djembe, atabaque and the like.
  • the membrane in membranophone percussion instruments or the metal body of the pelvis in the latter, in the analog or acoustic variant of the instrument each completely made of a non-magnetic and non-magnetizable material.
  • the membrane of membranophonic percussion instruments often consist of animal skins or hides in many, in particular original instruments, in other, in particular modern and advanced membraneophonic percussion instruments, they are formed from plastics.
  • drums of a percussion instrument often membranes of biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (boPET) are used. This material is known in the market under different brand names, in which area often the plastic Mylar ® of the manufacturer Du-Pont is used.
  • the material of the orchestra from the cymbal is typically bronze, a metal alloy which is also neither magnetic nor magnetizable, but at best very slightly magnetizable.
  • electromagnetic pickups are used according to the invention, which have proven in principle in the construction of electric guitars and have shown there very interesting and versatile properties for the sound production and influencing.
  • electromagnetic pickups necessarily one on the vibrating element of the instrument, that is, the element which is caused by excitation (similar to the guitar plucking or striking the string) in vibration requires that interact with a magnetic field of the electromagnetic pickup is the vibration element of the electromechanical percussion instrument according to the invention in any case in the region in which it oscillates with respect to the electromagnetic pickup, provided with a corresponding material or formed from such a material.
  • an essential part of the invention is that in any case a portion of the vibrating element comprises a magnetizable or magnetic material, wherein at the percussion instrument, as already explained, at least one electromagnetic pickup is arranged so that it can be magnetized or magnetic material interacts during oscillation of the vibrating element.
  • the electromagnetic pickup one of the vibration of the vibrating element following oscillation of a current signal is generated which represents the sound generated by the vibrating vibrating element and by an advantageously provided in the instrument electrical signal output, via which the at least one electromagnetic pickup its output signals for forwarding can deliver to subsequent circuit parts, tapped and, for example, placed on an amplifier for amplifying this signal and for further output to a speaker.
  • the invention thus for the first time specifies an electromechanical musical instrument in the form of a percussion instrument, more precisely in the form of a pelvis or a membranophonic percussion instrument.
  • a gap between the previously known acoustic percussion instruments cymbals and membranophonic percussion instruments and the purely electronic variants of these instruments.
  • not only a gap is closed, but it is an instrument type created by the different ways of using and the use of electromagnetic pickups and from the experience with existing electromechanical musical instruments, especially with electric guitars, known ways of further influencing the signal Creating certain sound effects equally an extension of the musical usability and applicability of the instruments mentioned opened.
  • the electromechanical percussion instrument is configured as specified in claim 2.
  • the at least one electromagnetic pickup is so arranged opposite and near the portion of the vibrating element in which it has a magnetizable or magnetic material that it does not touch the vibrating element, even if it is set in vibration by striking, is prevented in that current signals are generated during a corresponding contact or collision during the conversion. which are not attributable to the pure vibration of the vibrating element, but represent disturbing artifacts.
  • a partial region of the vibrating element that is to say the basically nonmagnetic and nonmagnetizable membrane in the case of a membranophonic percussion instrument or of the pelvic body made of bronze, may e.g. be carried out by applying this material in the at least one sub-area on the surface, in particular glued as a film or applied physically or chemically as a coating.
  • Iron or an iron-containing material is particularly suitable as such a material, since iron is highly magnetizable and thus results in a particularly good feedback and influencing of the signal current when moving in a magnetic field built up by the electromagnetic pickup.
  • the magnetizable or magnetic material may be incorporated in at least a portion of the vibrating element.
  • a piece of magnetizable metal e.g. to incorporate a section of iron into the bronze material, to encase the bronze equally.
  • incorporation of the magnetic or magnetizable material may e.g. by seeding the membrane with iron particles, by preparing the membrane from e.g. woven plastic filaments with introduced metallic, magnetizable or magnetic filaments or by introducing a magnetic or magnetizable material between two film layers of a membrane composed of two or more films.
  • the vibrating element has a substantially circular outer contour
  • the pickup is arranged adjustable in its position in the radial direction relative to the vibrating element.
  • Such adjustability opens up design possibilities for the sound of such an electromechanical percussion instrument. Often, namely close to the edge when hitting the vibrating element are different Vibration curves detected as they occur in the direction of the center. Due to the individual adjustability of the position of the at least one electromagnetic pickup thus influencing the sound of this instrument can be made after amplification and the desired sound characteristic can be determined.
  • the percussion instrument of the present invention may include controls for varying the signal characteristic of the output of the electromagnetic pickup (s).
  • Such regulators are known by known representatives of the family of electromechanical musical instruments, in particular electric guitars, and, since they function in principle the same, need not be further explained here.
  • two or even more electromagnetic pickups may be provided, which are arranged at different positions with respect to a portion of the vibrating element with magnetizable or magnetic material.
  • vibrations of a membrane in regions close to the edges can also be converted into electrical signals than those in a region of the membrane remote from the edge.
  • the outputs of the electromagnetic pickups can now - possibly in different amplification - be mixed together to form a desired signal and sound result.
  • the membrane may consist in particular of plastic, with the material preferred being the biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (boPET) frequently used in the prior art for the membranes of purely acoustic membranophonic percussion instruments.
  • biPET biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate
  • a membranophone percussion instrument to provide the membrane with openings through which air can flow.
  • This can e.g. Perforations that are in a foil-like membrane (be it plastic, be it animal fur or skin) are introduced.
  • membranes produced by weaving or knitting made of thread material to leave here in the respective weave or knitting patterns openings and secure them by knotting before the membrane is biased by stretching and fixing. These holes cause air to flow therethrough during the oscillations, corresponding to the fact that energy can no longer be transferred to the high degree to which a completely closed membrane releases energy to the stagnant air. The lower the energy transfer, the quieter the instrument sounds.
  • the membrane is particularly effective is such a design of the membrane with openings when the openings are in those areas in which in the typically occurring when striking the membrane at the beginning of the vibration modes, in particular the first maximum five, more preferably the first maximum of three such Fashions, the membrane in high, especially the highest Vibration amplitudes oscillates. Because at these points, the actual energy transfer takes place on the air, where the membrane "stands" in nodes or nodal lines, there is no energy transfer. There, the membrane may be formed without openings, which helps her to a lasting stability.
  • an electromechanical membranophone percussion instrument it is advantageous if, as such, with a closed body, that is, one opposite the membrane, has a frame in which the membrane is stretched, closing the bottom.
  • a floor once again reduces the volume in the acoustic sound, on the other hand it offers a good opportunity to attach the electromagnetic pickup to the membrane, possibly via a corresponding mechanism, e.g. an adjustable spindle operable from outside the resulting housing, adjustable in its position.
  • Fig. 1 is sketched as an embodiment of the invention and schematically only with the relevant elements here an electro-mechanical membranophones percussion instrument to explain the principle and the essential elements of the structure according to the invention.
  • the membranophone percussion instrument has as a vibrating element a membrane 1, which is formed in particular from plastic, preferably from biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (boPET).
  • BoPET biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate
  • 2 denotes a racket, which is struck in the game of the percussion instrument according to the invention analogous to the game of an acoustic percussion instrument for exciting the membrane 1 on this.
  • the membrane 1 is, as indicated in the figure on the left, deflected at a support point 3 via an edge not shown here and fixed with a clamping bracket 4.
  • a support point 3 In the supervision, not a support point 3, but a support line, which runs in a circle with distributed along the circumference clamping brackets for tightening the membrane and secure fixing the same along the support line (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the membrane 1 If the membrane 1 is struck with the racket 2, it is excited to vibrate, whereby forming vibration modes with regular oscillation between the fixed support points 3 and within the circle formed by the support line in plan view.
  • the vibrations of the membrane also relate to a portion 5 in which the membrane is provided with a magnetizable material, for example coated.
  • an electromagnetic pickup 6 is arranged below the portion 5 and adjacent to the same, which is similar in its mode of action from the use in electric guitars electromagnetic pickups (so-called pickups).
  • the pickup generates by means of a coil, a magnetic field, which undergoes changes due to the movement of the membrane 1, more precisely of the portion 5 with the magnetization changes. These changes are reflected in corresponding changes of the generator current for the magnetic field or a current signal of a sensor coil in which a current is generated by magnetic induction down.
  • the changes correspond to the vibration of the membrane 1, which oscillates with a frequency resulting from the mood of the percussion instrument and an amplitude influenced by the impact of the bat 2.
  • the electromagnetic pickup generates a current signal representative of the frequency and amplitude of the vibrating diaphragm.
  • This Stormsignal is removed by a signal output 7 and passed for further processing to downstream components, in particular for amplification to an amplifier and from there for playback to a speaker.
  • a membranophone percussion instrument which converts real excited vibrations of the diaphragm for the sound production in corresponding electrical signals, analogous to the method in an electric guitar, it is a novel for the instrument group of percussion instruments Principle, which opens up entirely new possibilities for the musician, but without discarding or exempting the immediacy of sound production due to the mechanical excitation of the vibrating element, here membrane 1, as is the case with known electronic percussion instruments, eg instruments in electronic drums ,
  • Fig. 2 is a further schematic representation, here a plan view of the membrane 1 of the membranophone percussion instrument, shown to illustrate the areas with openings 8 in the membrane 1. Good to see here is the circular outer contour of the membrane 1, along the formed by support points 3 Boundary line (support line) rests and is taut by distributed over the circumference clamping brackets 4.
  • openings 8 are arranged in the membrane 1.
  • the openings 8 are indicated by dots in the annular outer regions, wherein the packing density of the openings 8 in the surface is greater here in an outer annular region than in an inner annular region adjacent thereto.
  • the arrangement of the area with openings 8 is here purely schematic, the openings are arranged in particular in those areas in which the first amplitude of the oscillating membrane sets in the after the excitation by striking the membrane 1 first occurring three to five vibration modes, as in this Regions by arranging the openings 8 a particularly efficient reduction of the energy transfer to the underlying air and thus a reduction of the volume can be achieved.
  • Fig. 3 is in two views a) and b) a percussion instrument in the form of a Membranophones, here a drum 9 shown.
  • the drum 9 has a body 10 which has a peripheral edge 11, over which the membrane 1 is tensioned. With the Spannhaftept the membrane 1 is fixed to corresponding fastening and tensioning devices 12 on the body 10. With one on the body 10 arranged stand clamp 14, the drum 9 can be fixed to a drum stand (not shown here).
  • the body 10, which forms the resonator of the drum 9, is formed significantly shorter in its extension transverse to the plane formed by the clamped membrane 1 with respect to a conventional drum.
  • the body 10 has a bottom 13 which closes the body on a side opposite the membrane 1 side. Between the membrane 1 and the bottom 13, a cavity is left, which is bounded laterally by a circumferential wall of the body 10.
  • an electromagnetic pickup arranged, which cooperates with a corresponding magnetization of the membrane 1 or on the basis of this the vibration of the membrane converts the mechanical or acoustic vibration signal into an analog electrical signal.
  • the membrane 1 is provided with perforations or openings, as described above with reference to FIGS FIG. 2 has been described.
  • the ratio of diameter (diameter of the membrane) to height (height of the body 10 perpendicular to the membrane plane) in this embodiment is about 7: 1 and is therefore compared to conventional drums, where this ratio in Tom-Toms and bass drums typically between 1.5: 1 and 1: 1, in the so-called snares between 3.5: 1 and 2: 1, clearly shifted in favor of the membrane diameter.
  • This causes a clear reduction of the volume, so that in the audio result of the sound picked up with the electromagnetic pickup and reconverted via loudspeakers into acoustic waves is not drowned out by a loud direct acoustic sound of the drum, the volume of the drum is influenced and selected by the choice of gain the other arrangement of the instrumentation can be adapted.
  • Fig. 4 is in two views, a top view Fig. 4a and a side view Fig. 4b , another drum 15 is shown, which also has a body 10 of shortened extension and closed bottom 13, over which Body clamped the membrane 1 and fixed to fastening and tensioning devices 12.
  • the geometric relationship between diameter and height as indicated above is about 7: 1 in favor of the diameter chosen with the advantages already set out above.
  • FIG. 1 For the sake of clarity, also in the region of the membrane 1 drawn through) located below the membrane 1 electromagnetic pickup 6. This is located in a region below the membrane 1, in which it has been made magnetized or magnetized.
  • the electromagnetic pickup 6 in this example is arranged on a holding plate 16, which is rotatably mounted about a pivot point 17 in a plane parallel to the plane of the membrane 1. With an edge portion 18, which is provided at its edge with a knurling 19, the holding plate 16 extends through a slot 20 in the body 10. By rotating the holding plate 16, the electromagnetic pickup 6 is moved in a circular arc path and can thus in its distance from Center of the diaphragm 1 adjusted or adjusted.
  • the range over which the electromagnetic pickup 6 can be moved in the radial distance ranges from a position located at the edge, that is near the body 10, to a position approximately equal to one third of the radius of the diaphragm 1. By adjusting this radial position, the sound characteristic of the electroacoustic drum 15 can be influenced. So that the settings can be easily reproduced, setting marks 21 and 22 are provided on the knurl 19 and in the region of the slot 20 on the body 10.
  • a basin 23 shown as a percussion instrument is mounted with a designed as a roof-like metal part sound body 28 in a conventional manner with a arranged in a bell-shaped central portion 24 opening 25 on the upper end of a cymbal stand 26 and screwed there with a wing nut 27.
  • the inventive basin 23 is similar to a conventional pool, such as a percussion.
  • the Basin 23 is arranged below the metallic sound body 28 of the pelvis, also fixed to the cymbal stand 26 holding arm 29 for an electromagnetic pickup which is adjustably fixed thereto in the radial direction of the pelvis in position (but not shown here).
  • the holding arm 29 is made of a stiff material that does not move when striking the pelvis, can not be put into vibration. This material may be, for example, a carbon fiber composite (CFRP).
  • CFRP carbon fiber composite
  • a corresponding magnetizable layer is applied to the sound body 28 on the side facing the holding arm 29, or the area is rendered magnetizable in another suitable manner.
  • the sound of the pelvis 23 can be converted electroacoustically and reproduced via loudspeakers directly and without crosstalk, as they occur during pickup via a microphone, or, for example, recorded on a separate recording track and further processed or edited.
  • the electromagnetic pickup is arranged so that it can not be touched by the oscillating sound body 28 when playing the pelvis 23.
  • the basin 23 may eventually be apertured to attenuate the acoustic volume in a manner similar to that described above in connection with the membrane of a membraneophone.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
EP11161296A 2011-04-06 2011-04-06 Instrument à percussion électromécanique Withdrawn EP2509066A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11161296A EP2509066A1 (fr) 2011-04-06 2011-04-06 Instrument à percussion électromécanique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11161296A EP2509066A1 (fr) 2011-04-06 2011-04-06 Instrument à percussion électromécanique

Publications (1)

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EP2509066A1 true EP2509066A1 (fr) 2012-10-10

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016005729A3 (fr) * 2014-07-11 2016-03-03 Book Case Music Limited Instruments électroniques à percussion et déclencheurs
CN108140368A (zh) * 2015-09-30 2018-06-08 雅马哈株式会社 鼓皮和鼓
US20220328024A1 (en) * 2021-04-13 2022-10-13 D'addario & Company, Inc. Drumhead With Printed Layer for Initiating Ferrous Response and Method of Making

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3509264A (en) * 1967-12-29 1970-04-28 Allen J Green Electric drum or other percussion instrument
US3553339A (en) * 1967-12-11 1971-01-05 Richard L Dominguez Drum-like musical instruments with electrical pickups and circuitry
JPS5535306A (en) * 1978-09-01 1980-03-12 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Electronic percussion instrument
US4242937A (en) * 1979-02-08 1981-01-06 Pozar Cleve F Pickup assembly for percussion instrument
JPS5693797U (fr) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-25
FR2592979A1 (fr) * 1986-01-10 1987-07-17 Girves Jean Instrument musical a membrane
US5159139A (en) * 1990-06-13 1992-10-27 Evans Products, Inc. Drumhead with overtone suppression
US20070051231A1 (en) * 2005-09-08 2007-03-08 Yamaha Corporation Electronic drum and its drum head
JP2007156048A (ja) * 2005-12-05 2007-06-21 Korg Inc 減音ドラムヘッド、減音ドラム

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3553339A (en) * 1967-12-11 1971-01-05 Richard L Dominguez Drum-like musical instruments with electrical pickups and circuitry
US3509264A (en) * 1967-12-29 1970-04-28 Allen J Green Electric drum or other percussion instrument
JPS5535306A (en) * 1978-09-01 1980-03-12 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Electronic percussion instrument
US4242937A (en) * 1979-02-08 1981-01-06 Pozar Cleve F Pickup assembly for percussion instrument
JPS5693797U (fr) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-25
FR2592979A1 (fr) * 1986-01-10 1987-07-17 Girves Jean Instrument musical a membrane
US5159139A (en) * 1990-06-13 1992-10-27 Evans Products, Inc. Drumhead with overtone suppression
US20070051231A1 (en) * 2005-09-08 2007-03-08 Yamaha Corporation Electronic drum and its drum head
JP2007156048A (ja) * 2005-12-05 2007-06-21 Korg Inc 減音ドラムヘッド、減音ドラム

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016005729A3 (fr) * 2014-07-11 2016-03-03 Book Case Music Limited Instruments électroniques à percussion et déclencheurs
CN108140368A (zh) * 2015-09-30 2018-06-08 雅马哈株式会社 鼓皮和鼓
EP3358565A4 (fr) * 2015-09-30 2019-06-19 Yamaha Corporation Peau de tambour et tambour
US20220328024A1 (en) * 2021-04-13 2022-10-13 D'addario & Company, Inc. Drumhead With Printed Layer for Initiating Ferrous Response and Method of Making
US11961496B2 (en) * 2021-04-13 2024-04-16 D'addario & Company, Inc. Drumhead with printed layer for initiating ferrous response and method of making

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