EP2506938A1 - Fluid ejection device - Google Patents

Fluid ejection device

Info

Publication number
EP2506938A1
EP2506938A1 EP10807598A EP10807598A EP2506938A1 EP 2506938 A1 EP2506938 A1 EP 2506938A1 EP 10807598 A EP10807598 A EP 10807598A EP 10807598 A EP10807598 A EP 10807598A EP 2506938 A1 EP2506938 A1 EP 2506938A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
piston
pressure
fluid
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10807598A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2506938B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Fabre
Alain Bignolais
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Operations SAS
Original Assignee
Airbus Operations SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Operations SAS filed Critical Airbus Operations SAS
Publication of EP2506938A1 publication Critical patent/EP2506938A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2506938B1 publication Critical patent/EP2506938B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C13/00Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
    • A62C13/66Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with extinguishing material and pressure gas being stored in separate containers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C13/00Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
    • A62C13/006Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use for the propulsion of extinguishing powder

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of devices for ejecting a fluid. Such devices are more particularly used as extinguishers, the ejected fluid then being an extinguishing agent in liquid or powder form.
  • such devices include:
  • a cylinder-shaped reservoir separated into two sealed chambers by an axially movable piston;
  • a first chamber contains the fluid to be ejected, it communicates with an ejection orifice, closed by a lid;
  • a second chamber called the pressurization chamber, is connected to means making it possible to increase the pressure in said chamber;
  • the pressure is increased in the pressurization chamber, either by putting it in communication with a pressurized fluid or by activating inside it. here a pyrotechnic gas generator.
  • the increase in pressure causes the piston to move from the second chamber to the first, which increases the pressure in this first chamber.
  • the closure cap of the ejection port yields for a given pressure, releasing the passage and causing ejection of the fluid from the first chamber.
  • This device of the prior art has the advantage of not being subjected to any pressure outside the ejection phase of the fluid. Since it is not under duress, it can remain in this passive mode for years and is therefore frequently used as a fire safety device.
  • the piston forming separation between the two chambers being free to translate, the fluid contained in the first chamber, sealed, is free to expand or to contract with the temperature during this passive phase, causing a movement of the piston in translation during these volume variations.
  • the first chamber is always filled with an almost pure fluid which improves the efficiency of the fight against fire during the ejection phase, when the fluid is, for example, an extinguishing agent.
  • This wear of the sealing elements can affect the reliability of the device.
  • a cylindrical reservoir separated perpendicularly to its axis sealingly in two chambers by a member, said piston, adapted to slide axially inside the reservoir;
  • a first chamber containing a non-gaseous fluid in communication with an ejection orifice closed by a lid, able to open for a pressure greater than or equal to a determined pressure in said first chamber;
  • a second chamber called a pressurization chamber, capable of being connected to means for increasing the pressure in said chamber;
  • the piston is stationary relative to the reservoir.
  • the sealing elements do not undergo mechanical wear and continuous friction with the tank body.
  • the reservoir can thus be made with a state of internal surface less care, so for a lower cost, without degrading the reliability of the device.
  • the means linking the piston to the reservoir are able to break under the effect of an increase in pressure in the pressurizing chamber and are insoluble in the case of an increase in pressure in the chamber containing the fluid to be ejected.
  • the piston can be released only during a fluid ejection phase and can not be detached from the body by an overpressure in the chamber containing the fluid to be ejected.
  • the piston comprises means capable of immobilizing it in translation relative to the reservoir in a direction from the first to the second chamber for an end position corresponding to the so-called dump position.
  • the piston thus immobilized in translation avoids any return of fluid into the reservoir.
  • This arrangement allows in particular to couple in parallel, on the same fluid distribution circuit, several devices of this type, which can be triggered sequentially.
  • the piston comprises:
  • the device further comprises means for putting the annular chamber of the piston in communication with the chamber containing the fluid when the piston is in an axial emptying position.
  • the gas escapes from the pressurizing chamber through the orifices of the piston and the drain orifice, when the piston reaches the end of the stroke, which has the effect of depressurizing the pressurizing chamber and purging the pressure circuit. fluid distribution.
  • the means for closing the communication orifices between the annular chamber of the piston and the pressurizing chamber are constituted by an expandable elastic ring, so as to open the communication orifices under the effect of the pressure in the pressurizing chamber. .
  • the device comprises a breakable lid for a defined pressure closing the chamber comprising the fluid to be ejected.
  • the piston being fixed in the passive phase, the volume variations in the first chamber can not be compensated for by the movement of the piston.
  • the first chamber is only partially filled with the fluid and the residual volume is advantageously filled with a compressible neutral gas such as argon, nitrogen or helium.
  • the breakable lid plays a safety role in case of overpressure in the first chamber by putting it in the open air beyond a defined pressure, thus avoiding any risk of tank explosion.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view and in perspective of an embodiment of the device of the invention in passive phase
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view and perspective of the device according to an embodiment after tripping of said device when the piston arrives in said axial emptying position;
  • the first chamber (1 1) is partially filled with the fluid to be ejected (1 10), the volume supplement being filled with a neutral gas so that it always reigns inside the chamber, a pressure greater than the atmospheric pressure.
  • This first chamber communicates with an orifice (13) formed in the end flange (21), which orifice is closed by a breakable lid (30).
  • Means (210) for measuring the pressure in the first chamber make it possible to check its tightness.
  • the second chamber (12), called the pressurization chamber is also closed by a flange (22), which further supports means (40) capable of increasing the pressure in this chamber, in this case a pyrotechnic gas generator (40). ).
  • the end (102) of the skirt of the piston (120) comprises an internal thread and a shoulder (103) of smaller diameter than the diameter of the threaded portion. Said threaded portion is screwed onto a threaded portion (222) of the flange (22) extending into the pressurizing chamber until the shoulder (103) of the skirt comes into contact with said flange.
  • the piston skirt is of reduced thickness (101) between the shoulder and the inner thread (102).
  • the piston comprises sealing means (106, 107) with the interior of the tank and defining an annular chamber (105) between a groove formed in the skirt of the piston and the inner wall of the tank. Openings (108) pass through the bottom of said groove placing the pressurization chamber (12) in communication with the annular chamber (105). When no pressure prevails in the pressurizing chamber these orifices are obstructed by an elastic ring (50). When the pressure increases in the pressurizing chamber (12), the radial expansion of the elastic ring, under the effect of pressure, then communicates the gas contained in the pressurization chamber (12) with the annular chamber ( 105).
  • the reduced section (101) of the piston gives way, releasing the which, translating axially in the reservoir, increases the pressure in the fluid (1 10) contained in the first chamber (1 1).
  • the breakable lid (30) in turn gives way, disobstracting the orifice (13) of the end flange (22) and thus allowing the fluid (1 10) to be ejected through this orifice .
  • the piston continues to translate under the effect of the pressure of the gas, thus chasing all the fluid (1 10) contained in the reservoir.
  • the inner diameter of the reservoir widens to form a shoulder (121).
  • the enlargement of this diameter breaks the seal between the seal (106) located at the front of the annular chamber (105) so that the orifices (108) of the skirt of the piston being open, because the elastic ring ( 50) is always expanded by the gas pressure, said gas is in communication with the orifice (13).
  • the pressurizing chamber is purged, and if the orifice (13) is in communication with a fluid distribution circuit (1 10), said circuit is also purged.
  • the pressure drops in the pressurization chamber and the elastic ring (50) returns to its unconstrained shape, closing the orifices (108) of the piston skirt.

Abstract

The invention relates to a fluid ejection device which is used specifically as an extinguisher, the ejected fluid then being an extinguishing agent in liquid or powdered form. Said device comprises: a cylindrically-shaped tank (1), which is sealingly separated perpendicularly to the axis thereof, into two chambers (11, 12), by means of a so-called piston (10) element capable of sliding axially inside the tank; a first chamber (11) containing a non-gaseous fluid (110), which is in communication with an ejection opening (13) closed by a cap (30) capable of opening at a pressure greater than or equal to a pre-determined pressure in said first chamber; a second so-called pressurization chamber (12) capable of being connected to means (40) for increasing the pressure in said chamber; and a means (101) linking the piston to the tank in complete connection in a first axial so-called storage position, which means are capable of breaking and releasing the piston in axial translation at a pressure greater than or equal to a pre-determined pressure in the pressurization tank (12), so as to cause the fluid (110) to be ejected.

Description

DISPOSITIF D'ÉJECTION D'UN FLUIDE  DEVICE FOR EJECTING A FLUID
L'invention appartient au domaine des dispositifs d'éjection d'un fluide. De tels dispositifs sont plus particulièrement utilisés comme extincteurs, le fluide éjecté étant alors un agent d'extinction sous forme liquide ou pulvérulente.  The invention belongs to the field of devices for ejecting a fluid. Such devices are more particularly used as extinguishers, the ejected fluid then being an extinguishing agent in liquid or powder form.
De tels dispositifs sont décrits, par exemple, dans la demande de brevet internationale WO2009056574 au nom de la demanderesse.  Such devices are described, for example, in the international patent application WO2009056574 in the name of the applicant.
Selon l'art antérieur, de tels dispositifs comprennent :  According to the prior art, such devices include:
- un réservoir de forme cylindrique séparé en deux chambres étanches par un piston mobile axialement ; - une première chambre contient le fluide à éjecter, elle communique avec un orifice d'éjection, fermé par un opercule ;  - A cylinder-shaped reservoir separated into two sealed chambers by an axially movable piston; - A first chamber contains the fluid to be ejected, it communicates with an ejection orifice, closed by a lid;
- une seconde chambre, dite chambre de pressurisation, est raccordée à des moyens permettant d'augmenter la pression dans ladite chambre ;  a second chamber, called the pressurization chamber, is connected to means making it possible to increase the pressure in said chamber;
Pour déclencher le dispositif et provoquer l'éjection du fluide contenu dans la première chambre, la pression est augmentée dans la chambre de pressurisation, soit en mettant celle-ci en communication avec un fluide sous pression soit en activant à l'intérieur de celle-ci un générateur de gaz pyrotechnique. L'augmentation de la pression provoque la translation du piston de la seconde chambre vers la première, ce qui augmente la pression dans cette première chambre. L'opercule de fermeture de l'orifice d'éjection cède pour une pression donnée, libérant le passage et provoquant l'éjection du fluide hors de la première chambre.  To trigger the device and cause the ejection of the fluid contained in the first chamber, the pressure is increased in the pressurization chamber, either by putting it in communication with a pressurized fluid or by activating inside it. here a pyrotechnic gas generator. The increase in pressure causes the piston to move from the second chamber to the first, which increases the pressure in this first chamber. The closure cap of the ejection port yields for a given pressure, releasing the passage and causing ejection of the fluid from the first chamber.
Ce dispositif de l'art antérieur présente l'avantage de n'être soumis à aucune pression en dehors de la phase d'éjection du fluide. N'étant pas sous contrainte il peut rester dans ce mode passif pendant des années et est à ce titre fréquemment utilisé comme dispositif de sécurité incendie. Le piston formant séparation entre les deux chambres étant libre de se translater, le fluide contenu dans la première chambre, étanche, est libre de se dilater ou de se contracter avec la température durant cette phase passive, entraînant un mouvement du piston en translation au cours de ces variations de volume. Ainsi, la première chambre est toujours remplie d'un fluide quasi pur ce qui améliore l'efficacité de la lutte contre l'incendie lors de la phase d'éjection, lorsque le fluide est, par exemple, un agent d'extinction. This device of the prior art has the advantage of not being subjected to any pressure outside the ejection phase of the fluid. Since it is not under duress, it can remain in this passive mode for years and is therefore frequently used as a fire safety device. The piston forming separation between the two chambers being free to translate, the fluid contained in the first chamber, sealed, is free to expand or to contract with the temperature during this passive phase, causing a movement of the piston in translation during these volume variations. Thus, the first chamber is always filled with an almost pure fluid which improves the efficiency of the fight against fire during the ejection phase, when the fluid is, for example, an extinguishing agent.
Cependant, ces mouvements du piston, sous l'effet des variations de volume du fluide contenu dans la première chambre, entraînent une usure des éléments tels que les joints et les membranes qui assurent l'étanchéité entre les deux chambres. Cet effet est plus particulièrement marqué lorsque le fluide contenu dans la première chambre présente un coefficient de dilatation thermique élevé, comme c'est le cas des fluorocétones utilisés pour la lutte contre l'incendie, et que le dispositif d'éjection du fluide est soumis à de fortes amplitudes de variation de la température, comme c'est le cas des dispositifs de lutte contre l'incendie de moteur d'aéronefs.  However, these movements of the piston, under the effect of fluid volume variations contained in the first chamber, cause wear of the elements such as seals and membranes that seal between the two chambers. This effect is more particularly marked when the fluid contained in the first chamber has a high coefficient of thermal expansion, as is the case of fluoroketones used for fire fighting, and that the fluid ejection device is subject at large amplitudes of temperature variation, as is the case of aircraft engine firefighting devices.
Cette usure des éléments d'étanchéité peut nuire à la fiabilité du dispositif.  This wear of the sealing elements can affect the reliability of the device.
Afin de résoudre cette insuffisance de l'art antérieur l'invention propose un dispositif d'éjection d'un fluide comprenant : In order to solve this shortcoming of the prior art the invention proposes a device for ejecting a fluid comprising:
- un réservoir de forme cylindrique, séparé perpendiculairement à son axe de manière étanche en deux chambres par un élément, dit piston, apte à coulisser axialement à l'intérieur du réservoir ;  - A cylindrical reservoir, separated perpendicularly to its axis sealingly in two chambers by a member, said piston, adapted to slide axially inside the reservoir;
- une première chambre contenant un fluide non gazeux en communication avec un orifice d'éjection fermé par un opercule, apte à s'ouvrir pour une pression supérieure ou égale à une pression déterminée dans ladite première chambre ;  a first chamber containing a non-gaseous fluid in communication with an ejection orifice closed by a lid, able to open for a pressure greater than or equal to a determined pressure in said first chamber;
- une seconde chambre, dite de pressurisation, apte à être connectée à des moyens pour augmenter la pression dans ladite chambre ;  a second chamber, called a pressurization chamber, capable of being connected to means for increasing the pressure in said chamber;
- des moyens, liant le piston au réservoir en liaison complète, aptes à se rompre et libérer le piston en translation axiale pour une pression supérieure ou égale à une pression déterminée dans la chambre de pressurisation. means, linking the piston to the tank in complete connection, able to break and release the piston in axial translation for a pressure greater than or equal to a determined pressure in the pressurizing chamber.
Ainsi, en dehors de la phase d'éjection du fluide, le piston est immobile par rapport au réservoir. De ce fait, les éléments d'étanchéité ne subissent pas d'usure mécanique et de frottement continu avec le corps du réservoir. Le réservoir peut ainsi être réalisé avec un état de surface interne moins soigné, donc pour un coût inférieur, sans pour autant dégrader la fiabilité du dispositif. Thus, outside the fluid ejection phase, the piston is stationary relative to the reservoir. As a result, the sealing elements do not undergo mechanical wear and continuous friction with the tank body. The reservoir can thus be made with a state of internal surface less care, so for a lower cost, without degrading the reliability of the device.
Avantageusement les moyens liant le piston au réservoir sont aptes à se rompre sous l'effet d'une augmentation de pression dans la chambre de pressurisation et sont insécables dans le cas d'une augmentation de pression dans la chambre contenant le fluide à éjecter. Ainsi le piston ne peut être libéré que lors d'une phase d'éjection du fluide et ne peut être désolidarisé du corps par une surpression dans la chambre contenant le fluide à éjecter. Advantageously, the means linking the piston to the reservoir are able to break under the effect of an increase in pressure in the pressurizing chamber and are insoluble in the case of an increase in pressure in the chamber containing the fluid to be ejected. Thus the piston can be released only during a fluid ejection phase and can not be detached from the body by an overpressure in the chamber containing the fluid to be ejected.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le piston comprend des moyens aptes à l'immobiliser en translation par rapport au réservoir dans un sens allant de la première vers la deuxième chambre pour une position de fin de course correspondant à la position dite de vidage. Ainsi après l'éjection du fluide et le vidage de la première chambre du réservoir, le piston ainsi immobilisé en translation évite tout retour de fluide dans le réservoir. Cette disposition permet notamment de coupler en parallèle, sur un même circuit de distribution du fluide, plusieurs dispositifs de ce type, qui peuvent être déclenchés séquentiellement.  According to an advantageous embodiment, the piston comprises means capable of immobilizing it in translation relative to the reservoir in a direction from the first to the second chamber for an end position corresponding to the so-called dump position. Thus, after the ejection of the fluid and the emptying of the first chamber of the reservoir, the piston thus immobilized in translation avoids any return of fluid into the reservoir. This arrangement allows in particular to couple in parallel, on the same fluid distribution circuit, several devices of this type, which can be triggered sequentially.
Avantageusement, le piston comporte :  Advantageously, the piston comprises:
- deux bagues d'étanchéité avec la surface intérieure du réservoir, lesdites bagues étant séparées et disposées axialement de sorte à former une chambre annulaire entre le piston et la face intérieure du réservoir ; two sealing rings with the inner surface of the tank, said rings being separated and arranged axially so as to form an annular chamber between the piston and the inner face of the tank;
- des orifices de communication entre ladite chambre annulaire et la chambre de pressurisation ; - communication ports between said annular chamber and the pressurizing chamber;
- des moyens d'obturation desdits orifices aptes à s'ouvrir sous l'effet d'une pression déterminée dans la chambre de pressurisation. Selon ce mode de réalisation, le dispositif comprend en outre des moyens pour mettre la chambre annulaire du piston en communication avec la chambre contenant le fluide lorsque le piston se trouve dans une position axiale de vidage. - Means for closing said orifices able to open under the effect a determined pressure in the pressurizing chamber. According to this embodiment, the device further comprises means for putting the annular chamber of the piston in communication with the chamber containing the fluid when the piston is in an axial emptying position.
Ainsi, le gaz s'échappe de la chambre de pressurisation par les orifices du piston et l'orifice de vidange, lorsque le piston arrive en fin de course, ce qui a pour effet de dépressuriser la chambre de pressurisation et de purger le circuit de distribution du fluide. Avantageusement, les moyens d'obturation des orifices de communication entre la chambre annulaire du piston et la chambre de pressurisation sont constitués par une bague élastique expansible, de sorte à ouvrir les orifices de communication sous l'effet de la pression dans la chambre de pressurisation. Ainsi, lorsque la pression est réduite dans la chambre de pressurisation, la bague se resserre par retour élastique sur les orifices du piston, fermant de manière étanche la chambre de pressurisation et empêchant tout retour de fluide dans le réservoir. Cette disposition est particulièrement avantageuse lorsque plusieurs dispositifs de ce type, pouvant être déclenchés séquentiellement, sont montés sur le même circuit de distribution du fluide. Avantageusement, le dispositif comprend un opercule sécable pour une pression définie obturant la chambre comprenant le fluide à éjecter. Le piston étant fixe en phase passive, les variations de volume dans la première chambre ne peuvent pas être compensées par le déplacement du piston. À cette fin, la première chambre n'est que partiellement remplie par le fluide et le volume résiduel est avantageusement rempli par un gaz neutre compressible tel que de l'argon, de l'azote ou de l'hélium. L'opercule sécable joue un rôle de sécurité en cas de surpression dans la première chambre en mettant celle-ci à l'air libre au-delà d'une pression définie, évitant ainsi tout risque d'explosion du réservoir. Thus, the gas escapes from the pressurizing chamber through the orifices of the piston and the drain orifice, when the piston reaches the end of the stroke, which has the effect of depressurizing the pressurizing chamber and purging the pressure circuit. fluid distribution. Advantageously, the means for closing the communication orifices between the annular chamber of the piston and the pressurizing chamber are constituted by an expandable elastic ring, so as to open the communication orifices under the effect of the pressure in the pressurizing chamber. . Thus, when the pressure is reduced in the pressurizing chamber, the ring is tightened by elastic return on the orifices of the piston, sealingly closing the pressurization chamber and preventing any return of fluid into the reservoir. This arrangement is particularly advantageous when several devices of this type, which can be triggered sequentially, are mounted on the same fluid distribution circuit. Advantageously, the device comprises a breakable lid for a defined pressure closing the chamber comprising the fluid to be ejected. The piston being fixed in the passive phase, the volume variations in the first chamber can not be compensated for by the movement of the piston. For this purpose, the first chamber is only partially filled with the fluid and the residual volume is advantageously filled with a compressible neutral gas such as argon, nitrogen or helium. The breakable lid plays a safety role in case of overpressure in the first chamber by putting it in the open air beyond a defined pressure, thus avoiding any risk of tank explosion.
L'invention sera maintenant plus précisément décrite dans le cadre de modes de réalisation préférés, nullement limitatifs, représentés sur les figures 1 à 3, dans lesquelles : The invention will now be more specifically described in the context of preferred embodiments, in no way limiting, represented on the Figures 1 to 3, in which:
- la figure 1 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale et en perspective d'un exemple de réalisation du dispositif de l'invention en phase passive ;  - Figure 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view and in perspective of an embodiment of the device of the invention in passive phase;
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale et en perspective du dispositif selon un exemple de réalisation après déclenchement dudit dispositif lorsque le piston arrive en position axiale dite de vidage ;  - Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view and perspective of the device according to an embodiment after tripping of said device when the piston arrives in said axial emptying position;
- et la figure 3 représente une vue de détail en coupe et en perspective du piston en position axiale de vidage.  - And Figure 3 shows a detail view in section and in perspective of the piston axial emptying position.
Figure 1 , selon un exemple de réalisation le dispositif d'éjection d'un fluide objet de l'invention comprend un corps (1 ) de forme cylindrique, séparé en deux chambres (1 1 ,12) par un piston (10) et fermé en ses extrémités par deux flasques (21 ,22). La première chambre (1 1 ) est partiellement remplie par le fluide à éjecter (1 10), le complément de volume étant rempli d'un gaz neutre de sorte qu'il règne toujours à l'intérieur de la chambre, une pression supérieure à la pression atmosphérique. Cette première chambre communique avec un orifice (13) pratiqué dans le flasque (21 ) d'extrémité, lequel orifice est fermé par un opercule sécable (30). Des moyens de mesure (210) de la pression dans la première chambre permettent de vérifier son étanchéité. La seconde chambre (12), dite de pressurisation, est également fermée par un flasque (22), lequel supporte en outre des moyens (40) aptes à augmenter la pression dans cette chambre, en l'occurrence un générateur de gaz pyrotechnique (40).  FIG. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment, the device for ejecting a fluid which is the subject of the invention comprises a body (1) of cylindrical shape separated into two chambers (1 1, 12) by a piston (10) and closed at its ends by two flanges (21, 22). The first chamber (1 1) is partially filled with the fluid to be ejected (1 10), the volume supplement being filled with a neutral gas so that it always reigns inside the chamber, a pressure greater than the atmospheric pressure. This first chamber communicates with an orifice (13) formed in the end flange (21), which orifice is closed by a breakable lid (30). Means (210) for measuring the pressure in the first chamber make it possible to check its tightness. The second chamber (12), called the pressurization chamber, is also closed by a flange (22), which further supports means (40) capable of increasing the pressure in this chamber, in this case a pyrotechnic gas generator (40). ).
Figure 1 détail Z, l'extrémité (102) de la jupe du piston (120) comprend un filetage intérieur et un épaulement (103) de diamètre inférieur au diamètre de la partie filetée. Ladite partie filetée se visse sur une partie filetée (222) du flasque (22) s'étendant dans la chambre de pressurisation jusqu'à ce que l'épaulement (103) de la jupe vienne en contact avec ledit flasque. La jupe du piston est d'épaisseur réduite (101 ) entre l'épaulement et le filetage intérieur (102). Lorsque la réaction pyrotechnique est déclenchée dans le générateur de gaz (40) la pression monte dans la chambre de pressurisation (12) et le flux d'effort appliqué au piston (10) passe par cette zone de section réduite (101 ) qui est alors sollicitée en traction. Au-delà d'un effort critique déterminé par l'épaisseur de cette zone, celle-ci cède et libère le piston (10). En revanche si la pression monte dans le fluide (1 10) contenu dans la première chambre (1 1 ), le flux d'effort auquel est soumis le piston (10) passe par l'épaulement (103) et est transmis au flasque (22) sans passer par la zone de section réduite (101 ) qui n'est pas sollicitée. Figure 1 Z detail, the end (102) of the skirt of the piston (120) comprises an internal thread and a shoulder (103) of smaller diameter than the diameter of the threaded portion. Said threaded portion is screwed onto a threaded portion (222) of the flange (22) extending into the pressurizing chamber until the shoulder (103) of the skirt comes into contact with said flange. The piston skirt is of reduced thickness (101) between the shoulder and the inner thread (102). When the pyrotechnic reaction is triggered in the gas generator (40) the pressure rises in the pressurizing chamber (12) and the flow force applied to the piston (10) passes through this reduced section area (101) which is then biased in tension. Beyond a critical effort determined by the thickness of this zone, it gives and releases the piston (10). On the other hand, if the pressure rises in the fluid (1 10) contained in the first chamber (1 1), the force flow to which the piston (10) is subjected passes through the shoulder (103) and is transmitted to the flange ( 22) without passing through the area of reduced section (101) which is not requested.
Le piston comprend des moyens d'étanchéité (106, 107) avec l'intérieur du réservoir et délimitant une chambre annulaire (105) entre une gorge pratiquée dans la jupe du piston et la paroi interne du réservoir. Des orifices débouchant (108) traversent le fond de ladite gorge mettant en communication la chambre de pressurisation (12) avec la chambre annulaire (105). Lorsqu'aucune pression ne règne dans la chambre de pressurisation ces orifices sont obstrués par une bague élastique (50). Lorsque la pression augmente dans la chambre de pressurisation (12), l'expansion radiale de la bague élastique, sous l'effet de la pression, met alors en communication le gaz contenu dans la chambre de pressurisation (12) avec la chambre annulaire (105).  The piston comprises sealing means (106, 107) with the interior of the tank and defining an annular chamber (105) between a groove formed in the skirt of the piston and the inner wall of the tank. Openings (108) pass through the bottom of said groove placing the pressurization chamber (12) in communication with the annular chamber (105). When no pressure prevails in the pressurizing chamber these orifices are obstructed by an elastic ring (50). When the pressure increases in the pressurizing chamber (12), the radial expansion of the elastic ring, under the effect of pressure, then communicates the gas contained in the pressurization chamber (12) with the annular chamber ( 105).
Figure 2, sous l'effet de la montée de pression engendrée dans la chambre de pressurisation (12), suite au déclenchement de la réaction pyrotechnique dans le générateur de gaz (40), la section réduite (101 ) du piston cède, libérant celui-ci qui, se translatant axialement dans le réservoir, fait monter la pression dans le fluide (1 10) contenu dans la première chambre (1 1 ). Lorsque la pression atteint un seuil défini, l'opercule sécable (30) cède à son tour, désobstruant l'orifice (13) du flasque d'extrémité (22) et autorisant ainsi l'éjection du fluide (1 10) par cet orifice. Le piston, continue de se translater sous l'effet de la pression du gaz, chassant ainsi tout le fluide (1 10) contenu dans le réservoir. Au-delà d'une position axiale du piston, dite position de vidage, le diamètre interne du réservoir s'élargit pour former un épaulement (121 ). L'élargissement de ce diamètre casse l'étanchéité entre le joint (106) situé à l'avant de la chambre annulaire (105) de sorte que, les orifices (108) de la jupe du piston étant ouverts, car la bague élastique (50) est toujours expansée par la pression du gaz, le dit gaz est en communication avec l'orifice (13). Ainsi la chambre de pressurisation est purgée, et, si l'orifice (13) est en communication avec un circuit de distribution du fluide (1 10), ledit circuit est également purgé. Le gaz s'évacuant, la pression baisse dans la chambre de pressurisation et la bague élastique (50) reprend sa forme non contrainte, obturant les orifices (108) de la jupe du piston. 2, under the effect of the rise in pressure generated in the pressurizing chamber (12), following the triggering of the pyrotechnic reaction in the gas generator (40), the reduced section (101) of the piston gives way, releasing the which, translating axially in the reservoir, increases the pressure in the fluid (1 10) contained in the first chamber (1 1). When the pressure reaches a defined threshold, the breakable lid (30) in turn gives way, disobstracting the orifice (13) of the end flange (22) and thus allowing the fluid (1 10) to be ejected through this orifice . The piston continues to translate under the effect of the pressure of the gas, thus chasing all the fluid (1 10) contained in the reservoir. Beyond an axial position of the piston, called emptying position, the inner diameter of the reservoir widens to form a shoulder (121). The enlargement of this diameter breaks the seal between the seal (106) located at the front of the annular chamber (105) so that the orifices (108) of the skirt of the piston being open, because the elastic ring ( 50) is always expanded by the gas pressure, said gas is in communication with the orifice (13). Thus the pressurizing chamber is purged, and if the orifice (13) is in communication with a fluid distribution circuit (1 10), said circuit is also purged. As the gas evacuates, the pressure drops in the pressurization chamber and the elastic ring (50) returns to its unconstrained shape, closing the orifices (108) of the piston skirt.
Figure 3, dans cette position, un jonc élastique (109) placé sur la jupe du piston arrive face à l'épaulement (121 ) pratiqué à l'extrémité du corps du réservoir (1 ). L'expansion radiale dudit jonc sous l'effet de son élasticité empêche tout retour en arrière du piston (10). Ainsi, en fin de vidange, le piston (10) empêche toute introduction de gaz ou de fluide dans le réservoir vidé.  Figure 3, in this position, an elastic ring (109) placed on the skirt of the piston arrives facing the shoulder (121) formed at the end of the body of the tank (1). The radial expansion of said rod under the effect of its elasticity prevents any return back of the piston (10). Thus, at the end of emptying, the piston (10) prevents any introduction of gas or fluid into the empty tank.
La description ci-avant illustre clairement que par ses différentes caractéristiques et leurs avantages, la présente invention atteint les objectifs qu'elle visait. En particulier, elle permet de conserve, en phase passive, e un fluide à éjecter dans un réservoir sans dégrader les moyens d'étanchéité entre le corps du réservoir et les moyens d'éjection du fluide.  The above description clearly illustrates that by its different features and advantages, the present invention achieves the objectives it intended. In particular, it makes it possible, in the passive phase, to retain a fluid to be ejected in a tank without degrading the sealing means between the body of the tank and the means for ejecting the fluid.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif d'éjection d'un fluide caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : 1. Device for ejecting a fluid characterized in that it comprises:
- un réservoir (1 ) de forme cylindrique, séparé perpendiculairement à son axe de manière étanche en deux chambres (1 1 ,12) par un élément, dit piston (10), apte à coulisser axialement à l'intérieur du réservoir ; - A tank (1) of cylindrical shape, separated perpendicularly to its axis sealingly in two chambers (1 1, 12) by a member, said piston (10), axially slidable within the tank;
- une première chambre (1 1 ) contenant un fluide non gazeux (1 10) en communication avec un orifice d'éjection (13) fermé par un opercule (30) apte à s'ouvrir pour une pression supérieure ou égale à une pression déterminée dans ladite première chambre ; - une seconde chambre (12) dite de pressurisation apte à être connectée à des moyens (40) pour augmenter la pression dans ladite chambre ; - A first chamber (1 1) containing a non-gaseous fluid (1 10) in communication with an ejection orifice (13) closed by a lid (30) adapted to open for a pressure greater than or equal to a predetermined pressure in said first chamber; a second pressurizing chamber (12) adapted to be connected to means (40) for increasing the pressure in said chamber;
- des moyens (101 ) liant le piston au réservoir en liaison complète dans une première position axiale dite de stockage, lesquels moyens sont aptes à se rompre et libérer le piston en translation axiale pour une pression supérieure ou égale à une pression déterminée dans la chambre de pressurisation (12), de sorte à provoquer l'éjection du fluide (1 10).  means (101) linking the piston to the tank in complete connection in a first axial position called storage, which means are capable of breaking and release the piston in axial translation for a pressure greater than or equal to a determined pressure in the chamber pressurizing device (12) so as to cause the ejection of the fluid (1 10).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que les moyens liant le piston au réservoir (101 ) dans la position de stockage sont aptes à se rompre sous l'effet d'une pression déterminée dans la chambre de pressurisation (12) et sont insécables quelle que soit la pression dans la chambre (1 1 ) contenant le fluide. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means connecting the piston to the reservoir (101) in the storage position are capable of breaking under the effect of a determined pressure in the pressurizing chamber (12) and are insoluble regardless of the pressure in the chamber (1 1) containing the fluid.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le piston (10) comprend des moyens (109) aptes à l'immobiliser en translation par rapport au réservoir dans un sens allant de la première vers la deuxième chambre pour une seconde position dite de vidage. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (10) comprises means (109) adapted to immobilize in translation relative to the reservoir in a direction from the first to the second chamber for a second position called emptying.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que : 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that:
- le piston comporte deux zones d'étanchéité (106,107) avec la surface intérieure du réservoir, lesdites zones étant séparées et disposées axialement de sorte à former une chambre annulaire (105) entre le piston et la face intérieure du réservoir ;  the piston comprises two sealing zones (106, 107) with the inner surface of the reservoir, said zones being separated and arranged axially so as to form an annular chamber (105) between the piston and the inner face of the reservoir;
- des orifices (108) de communication entre ladite chambre annulaire (105) et la chambre de pressurisation (12) ;  - ports (108) for communication between said annular chamber (105) and the pressurizing chamber (12);
- des moyens d'obturation (50) desdits orifices aptes à s'ouvrir sous l'effet d'une pression déterminée dans la chambre de pressurisation  - Closing means (50) of said apertures able to open under the effect of a determined pressure in the pressurizing chamber
- il comprend des moyens pour mettre la chambre annulaire (105) du piston en communication avec la chambre (1 1 ) contenant le fluide lorsque le piston se trouve dans la position axiale de vidage. - It comprises means for putting the annular chamber (105) of the piston in communication with the chamber (1 1) containing the fluid when the piston is in the axial emptying position.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'obturation des orifices (108) sont constitués par une bague élastique (50) expansible sous l'effet de la pression dans la chambre de pressurisation de sorte à ouvrir lesdits orifices.  5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the means for closing the orifices (108) are constituted by an elastic ring (50) expandable under the effect of the pressure in the pressurizing chamber so as to open said orifices .
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un opercule sécable (30) pour une pression définie obturant la chambre comprenant le fluide à éjecter. 6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a breakable lid (30) for a defined pressure closing the chamber comprising the fluid to be ejected.
7. Nacelle de moteur d'aéronef caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes. 7. Aircraft engine nacelle characterized in that it comprises a device according to any one of the preceding claims.
EP10807598.7A 2009-12-04 2010-12-03 Fluid ejection device Not-in-force EP2506938B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0958676A FR2953418B1 (en) 2009-12-04 2009-12-04 DEVICE FOR EJECTING A FLUID
PCT/FR2010/052608 WO2011067546A1 (en) 2009-12-04 2010-12-03 Fluid ejection device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2506938A1 true EP2506938A1 (en) 2012-10-10
EP2506938B1 EP2506938B1 (en) 2013-06-05

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EP10807598.7A Not-in-force EP2506938B1 (en) 2009-12-04 2010-12-03 Fluid ejection device

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US (1) US8991511B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2506938B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102639194B (en)
FR (1) FR2953418B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011067546A1 (en)

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CN103697173A (en) * 2013-12-20 2014-04-02 宁波正欣消防设备有限公司 High pressure valve assembly for fire extinguisher
CN105056447B (en) * 2015-08-05 2018-03-30 陈奇 Double startup fire extinguisher nozzle
GB2542580B (en) * 2015-09-23 2021-01-06 Lifeline Fire & Safety Systems Ltd Improvements relating to fire suppression systems
GB2587274B (en) * 2015-09-23 2021-10-06 Lifeline Fire & Safety Systems Ltd Improvements relating to fire suppression systems
FR3056417B1 (en) * 2016-09-28 2021-05-14 Airbus Safran Launchers Sas PRESSURIZED MATERIAL DELIVERY DEVICE
CN111068225A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-28 安徽天辰云泽安全科技有限公司 Miniature perfluorohexanone extinguishing device
CN114129945B (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-07-22 北京达氟安全科技有限公司 Fire extinguishing device convenient for repeatedly using and replacing fittings and application method thereof
CN114486274B (en) * 2021-12-28 2023-05-30 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 Device and method for verifying decompression system of nacelle of aircraft engine

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JP3812621B2 (en) * 1998-10-15 2006-08-23 Nok株式会社 End face seal
CN2541815Y (en) * 2002-04-12 2003-03-26 于占辉 Pressuring hydrosolvent grenade
CN101293130A (en) * 2007-04-24 2008-10-29 顾平原 Portable liquid ball ejecting fire extinguisher
JP2011500242A (en) * 2007-10-30 2011-01-06 エアバス・オペレーションズ Fluid ejection device with enhanced leakage prevention
FR2922972B1 (en) * 2007-10-30 2009-12-25 Airbus France FLUID EJECTION DEVICE AND USE OF SUCH A DEVICE

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FR2953418A1 (en) 2011-06-10
US8991511B2 (en) 2015-03-31
US20120279729A1 (en) 2012-11-08
CN102639194B (en) 2014-10-01
FR2953418B1 (en) 2011-12-09
EP2506938B1 (en) 2013-06-05
WO2011067546A1 (en) 2011-06-09
CN102639194A (en) 2012-08-15

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