EP2503575B1 - Diagnoseverfahren und -vorrichtung eines Aktuators, und mit einer solchen Vorrichtung ausgestattetes Aktuator - Google Patents

Diagnoseverfahren und -vorrichtung eines Aktuators, und mit einer solchen Vorrichtung ausgestattetes Aktuator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2503575B1
EP2503575B1 EP12354013.0A EP12354013A EP2503575B1 EP 2503575 B1 EP2503575 B1 EP 2503575B1 EP 12354013 A EP12354013 A EP 12354013A EP 2503575 B1 EP2503575 B1 EP 2503575B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
coil
supply
power
controlling
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EP12354013.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2503575A1 (de
Inventor
Mustapha Chelloug
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/0062—Testing or measuring non-electrical properties of switches, e.g. contact velocity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/052—Controlling, signalling or testing correct functioning of a switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H01H47/06—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current by changing number of serially-connected turns or windings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of diagnosing an actuator comprising a coil and a coil power control device, in particular an electric circuit breaker actuator. It also relates to a device for diagnosing the supply of a coil of an actuator for implementing the diagnostic method. It also relates to an actuator comprising a coil and at least one such diagnostic device. Finally, it relates to a computer program comprising a computer program code means adapted to the execution of steps of the diagnostic method.
  • Actuators are known for controlling the opening and closing of circuit breakers and which today consist of an integrated control electronics associated with an electromagnet coil.
  • the role of this electronics has allowed to add features that have mainly reduced the volume of the actuator.
  • This control means can not be used on actuators controlled by electronics, it gives no information on the state of the actuator: but only information on its presence.
  • the objective of the invention is therefore to verify that the winding is not cut or short-circuited and that the electronics are not faulty.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a diagnostic method for overcoming the problems mentioned above and improving the methods known from the prior art.
  • the invention proposes a simple, economical, efficient diagnostic method making it possible to verify that the winding is not cut or short-circuited and / or that the control electronics are not faulty.
  • a diagnostic method according to the invention is defined in claim 1.
  • the step of controlling a power supply of the actuator comprises activating a power control element of the actuator.
  • the step of controlling a supply of the coil comprises the activation of a control element for feeding the coil.
  • the step of monitoring, at the level of the diagnostic device, of an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal comprises determining an intensity of a current flowing in a line supplying the actuator or determining a voltage across a resistive element traversed by the current flowing in a supply line of the actuator.
  • the step of deducing a diagnosis of the actuator comprises a temporal analysis of the variations of the electrical characteristic.
  • a device for implementing a diagnostic method according to the invention for supplying a coil of an actuator comprises hardware and / or software means for implementing each of the steps of the diagnostic method as defined herein. -above.
  • the hardware and / or software means comprise a control element for supplying the actuator.
  • the hardware and / or software means comprise an element for monitoring an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal, said element being an element for determining an intensity of a current flowing in a supply line of the actuator or an element for determining a voltage across a resistive element traversed by the current flowing in a supply line of the actuator.
  • the hardware and / or software means comprise a deduction element of a diagnosis of the actuator, said element being an element of temporal analysis of the variations of the electrical characteristic of the electrical signal.
  • the hardware and / or software means comprise a control element of the supply of the coil.
  • the hardware and / or software means comprise an element for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the coil and an element for analyzing the intensity of the current flowing in the coil.
  • the hardware and / or software means comprise an element for determining a supply voltage of the coil and an element for analyzing the supply voltage of the coil.
  • An actuator according to the invention comprising a coil and at least one control device comprises a device for implementing a diagnostic method as defined above.
  • a computer program according to the invention comprises computer program code means adapted to the execution of each of the steps of the method as defined above, when the program is executed on a computer.
  • This system mainly comprises an actuator 2, in particular an electric circuit breaker actuator, a device 3 for diagnosing the state of the actuator and a switch 4 for activating the actuator 2, such as a push button.
  • the actuator 2 is connected in series with the switch 4 on a power line 10 between the phase P and neutral N terminals of an electrical network, such as the commercial electricity network.
  • an electrical network such as the commercial electricity network.
  • the power supply, and therefore the activation of the actuator is controlled by the switch 4.
  • actuation of the switch makes it possible to apply the voltage of the network directly to the terminals 7 of the actuator.
  • the diagnostic device 3 is connected by power supply terminals 5 directly to the phase P and neutral N terminals of the electrical network.
  • the diagnostic device is connected by terminals 6 to the terminals of the switch 4, that is to say in parallel with the switch.
  • the diagnostic device allows the supply of the actuator by short-circuiting the switch.
  • the supply of the actuator via the diagnostic device is performed periodically, for example once an hour, especially once an hour for 30 ms.
  • the actuator emits an electrical signal which is received by the diagnostic device and which makes it possible to determine the state of the actuator.
  • the diagnostic device 3 preferably comprises a power supply 31, an actuator power control element 32, 36, an element 33, 37 for monitoring an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal supplying the actuator and an element 38 deduction of a diagnosis of the actuator.
  • the actuator power control element 32, 36 may comprise a first controlled switch 36, controlled by a control means 36, for example included in a microcontroller 39.
  • the element 33, 37 for monitoring an electrical characteristic of the electric signal supplying the actuator may comprise an element 33, 37 for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the line supplying the actuator or an element 33 of the determining a voltage across a resistive element 37 traversed by the current flowing in the line supplying the actuator.
  • the element 33 may in particular be included in the microcontroller.
  • the element 38 of deduction of a diagnosis of the actuator may comprise an element of temporal analysis of the variations of the electrical characteristic of the actuator.
  • electrical signal supplying the actuator in particular an element for analyzing variations in the intensity of the current absorbed in the actuator in a time window.
  • the controlled switch and the resistive element are in series on the line for supplying the actuator. They can be arranged in series between terminals 6.
  • the diagnostic device may comprise a user interface, such as a light indicator making it possible to inform a user of the existence of a problem, in particular a state problem of the actuator.
  • the diagnostic device may also include terminals 35 to which a user interface device may be connected.
  • the actuator 2 mainly comprises a control device 22 and an electromagnet 21.
  • the electromagnet comprises for example a first call coil 211 and a second holding coil 212.
  • the coils are for example connected in series.
  • the control device mainly comprises a converter 221 making it possible to convert the electric supply signal of the actuator into an electrical signal adapted to the supply of the electromagnet, a logic processing unit 225 such as a microcontroller, a power supply 223 and a voltage regulator 224 for supplying this logic processing unit, an element 225, 226 for controlling the supply of the first coil, an element 225, 228 for controlling the power supply of the series assembly of the first and second coils , an element 225, 227 for determining a intensity of a current flowing in the first coil, an element 225, 229 for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the series assembly of the first and second coils, an element 225 for analyzing the intensities of the currents flowing in the coils, an element 222 for determining a supply voltage of the coils and a means for analyzing the supply voltage of the coil.
  • a logic processing unit 225 such as a microcontroller
  • a power supply 223 and a voltage regulator 224 for supplying this logic processing unit
  • the converter 221 typically includes a protection circuit, a filter and a rectification circuit.
  • the logic processing unit is powered by the power supply 223 via the voltage regulator 224.
  • the power supply is itself powered by the output of the converter 221.
  • the element for determining the supply voltage of the coils comprises a voltage divider 222 whose intermediate terminal is driving the logic processing unit.
  • the element 225, 226 for controlling the supply of the first coil preferably comprises a switch 226 controlled by the logic processing unit 225.
  • the control element 228, 225 of the power supply of the first coil The series assembly of the first and second coils preferably comprises a switch 228 controlled by the logic processing unit 225.
  • the element 225, 227 for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the first coil 211 preferably comprises a resistor 227 connected in series with the first coil and the controlled switch 226.
  • a terminal of the resistor 227 is connected to a mass.
  • the potential of the other terminal of the resistor drives an input of the logical processing unit.
  • the element 225, 229 for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the assembly comprising the first and second coils preferably comprises a resistor 229 connected in series with the first and second coils and the controlled switch 228.
  • a terminal of the resistor 229 is connected to a ground.
  • the potential of the other terminal of the resistor drives an input of the logical processing unit.
  • This second embodiment of the control device is preferably intended to be applied when the output voltage of the converter 221 remains below a first voltage threshold, for example 100 V.
  • a second embodiment of actuator 2 ' is described below with reference to the figure 4 .
  • This second embodiment of FIG. control device is preferably intended to be applied when the output voltage of the converter 221 exceeds a first voltage threshold, for example 100 V.
  • control device An embodiment detail of the control device according to the second embodiment is described below with reference to the figure 5 .
  • a controlled switch 303 is connected in series with the holding coil 212 and a Zener diode 307 between the terminals of the converter 221.
  • a series circuit of a diode 308 and a capacitor 309 is connected in parallel with the Zener diode.
  • Serial mounting of the controlled switch 228 and the measuring resistor 229 is also connected in parallel with the Zener diode.
  • the controlled switch 303 is connected to the logic processing unit 225 and to an output terminal of the converter 221 via a pull-up resistor 302. Thus, as soon as the converter 221 supplies a voltage, the controlled switch 303 is closed.
  • a diode 304 is connected in parallel with the holding coil.
  • the controlled switch 228 is controlled by the logic processing unit 225 and thus makes it possible to short-circuit the Zener diode to measure, at the level of the resistor 229, the current flowing in the holding coil 212. that the diode 308 makes it possible to prevent a current supplied by the capacitor 309 from circulating in the resistor 229 when the controlled switch 228 is closed.
  • the voltage developed across the Zener diode enables the capacitor 309 to be charged to produce an electrical signal supplying the energy required for the power supply 223.
  • the logic processing unit can regulate the power supply current of the holding coil regularly, for example every 312 ⁇ s: the switch 303 being closed, it suffices to derive the current in the resistor 229 by the controlled switch 228 for a short time (typically 16 ⁇ s) to know the value of the intensity of the current. If this is lower than a setpoint, the controlled switch 303 is kept on and the current flows into the Zener diode 307 and the capacitor 309. If the holding coil has a problem, the logic processing unit can control an opening of the controlled switch 303.
  • the diagnostic device and / or the control device comprises all the hardware and / or software means making it possible to implement the diagnostic method that is the subject of the invention.
  • the diagnostic device and / or the control device comprises hardware and / or software means for implementing each of the steps of the diagnostic method object of the invention. These means may include computer programs.
  • One embodiment of a diagnostic method according to the invention is described below with reference to the figure 6 .
  • all of the process steps described below are iterated over time, in particular at regular intervals. These iterations are preferably controlled by a clock included in the diagnostic device.
  • a power supply of the actuator is controlled by the diagnostic device.
  • this command is triggered by a clock and maintained for a predetermined duration, for example 30 ms.
  • this supply step is performed by a closing of the controlled switch 36.
  • the actuator 2 is then fed by the network through the resistor 37. It is note that at the end of the predetermined duration mentioned above, the controlled switch 36 is open.
  • a supply of a coil is controlled by the control device of the actuator. This is preferably done automatically at the actuator in a test procedure stored in the processing logic unit 225 and implemented during any supply of the actuator. To do this, the logic processing unit controls the closing of the controlled switch 226. Therefore, a supply current of the coil 211 flows through the controlled switch 226 and the resistance of 227. This step may also comprise a supply of all the coils 211 and 212. To do this, the logic processing unit controls the closing of the controlled switch 228.
  • a supply current of the coil 212 flows through the controlled switch 228 and the resistor 229.
  • the current or currents supplying the coils can be detected at the level of the diagnostic device and, more exactly at the level of the resistor 37 of the diagnostic device. Indeed, the supply of one or more coils causes a greater current draw on the supply line of the actuator 2.
  • an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal supplying the actuator is monitored or analyzed at the level of the diagnostic device.
  • the intensity of the electric current supplying the actuator is monitored, in particular the evolution of the intensity of the electric current supplying the actuator during the period during which the actuator is powered via the diagnostic device.
  • a fourth step 115 it is tested whether the variations or changes in a characteristic, in particular the intensity of the electric current supplying the actuator, are in conformity with what they should be in the event of proper operation of the actuator.
  • the actuator is designed to absorb during a test procedure an electric current whose intensity is calibrated. If the intensity of the electric current absorbed by the actuator leaves this caliber, it can be deduced that the actuator has a fault, in particular a fault in its coils and / or a fault in the control device of the actuator. feeding its coils.
  • a diagnosis of the actuator is deduced using a result of the monitoring or analysis step.
  • step 115 If the result of the test step 115 is positive, proceed to a step 120 in which the following diagnosis is made: the actuator is operational. We then go to a step 125 during which a delay is made before looping on step 100.
  • the The delay of step 125 is relatively long, typically of the order of an hour. We can report the diagnosis via an interface.
  • step 115 If the result of the test step 115 is negative, proceed to a step 130 in which the following diagnosis is made: the actuator is not operational.
  • the actuator it is possible to implement a step of analyzing changes in the electrical characteristic to determine which part of the actuator is not operational, in particular the control device or the call coil or the holding coil. We can report the diagnosis via an interface.
  • the upper diagram shows the evolution V7 temporal voltage at the terminals of the actuator during the execution of the embodiment of the diagnostic method according to the invention. Note that the actuator is powered for 30 ms.
  • the controller transmits the result of these checks.
  • the logic processing unit controls for example the closing of the controlled switch 226 for a short period, for example 1 ms.
  • the logic processing unit does not command a controlled switch closing supplying one or the other of the coils.
  • the current flow test steps in the coils can be arranged differently temporally.
  • the switches for coding the results of the tests implemented at the actuator can be arranged differently temporally and be varied so as to be able to encode various information, such as a failure of the control device, a coil failure call and failure of the hold coil.
  • control device is such that if the voltage persists for more than 30 ms at the terminals of the actuator, it interprets this feeding as an operational food and not as a diagnostic procedure. It then commands, at the expiration of 30 ms, a step of supplying the call coil, for example for 80 ms, then the supply of the holding coil, the call coil being deactivated.
  • the test of the holding coil is provided implicitly by the fact that the supply of the logic processing unit passes through the holding coil in the case of the actuator 2 '. If it is cut, nothing works. Furthermore, in the case of the actuator 2, the state of the holding coil may not be tested. Indeed, the functionality of the call coil may be sufficient to ensure the function of the actuator.
  • the feedback of the actuator to the diagnostic device can be achieved through separate conductors conductors for supplying the actuator.
  • the different switches controlled can be realized by transistors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
  • Testing And Monitoring For Control Systems (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Verfahren zur Diagnose eines Aktuators (2; 2'), der eine Spule (211, 212) und eine Vorrichtung (22; 22') zur Steuerung der Versorgung der Spule umfasst, umfassend die folgenden Schritte:
    - Steuern einer Versorgung des Aktuators dank einer Diagnosevorrichtung (3), die von der Vorrichtung (22; 22') zur Steuerung der Versorgung der Spule getrennt ist, wobei die Diagnosevorrichtung (3) zu einem Aktivierungsschalter (4) des Aktuators parallel geschaltet ist und ein Element (32, 36) zur Steuerung der Versorgung des Aktuators, ein Element (33, 37) zur Überwachung eines elektrischen Merkmals, insbesondere eines elektrischen Signals, das den Aktuator (2; 2') versorgt, und ein Element (38) zum Herleiten einer Diagnose des Aktuators umfasst,
    - Steuern einer Versorgung der Spule dank der Steuerungsvorrichtung, umfassend einen Wandler (221), eine logische Verarbeitungseinheit (225), eine Versorgung (223) und einen Spannungsregler (224) zum Versorgen der logischen Verarbeitungseinheit, ein Element (225, 226, 228) zur Steuerung der Versorgung der Spule und ein Element (225, 227, 229) zur Bestimmung einer Stärke eines in der Spule fließenden Stroms,
    - Senden eines elektrischen Signals durch den Aktuator,
    - Überwachen, auf Ebene der Diagnosevorrichtung, eines elektrischen Merkmals des elektrischen Signals, insbesondere des den Aktuator versorgenden elektrischen Signals, und
    - Herleiten einer Diagnose des Aktuators unter Verwendung eines Ergebnisses des Überwachungsschritts, wobei der Schritt des Herleitens einer Diagnose des Aktuators eine zeitliche Analyse der Änderungen des elektrischen Merkmals umfasst.
  2. Diagnoseverfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Steuerns einer Versorgung des Aktuators die Aktivierung eines Elements (32, 36) zur Steuerung der Versorgung des Aktuators umfasst.
  3. Diagnoseverfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Steuerns einer Versorgung der Spule die Aktivierung eines Elements (225, 226, 228) zur Steuerung der Versorgung der Spule umfasst.
  4. Diagnoseverfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Überwachens, auf Ebene der Diagnosevorrichtung, eines elektrischen Merkmals des elektrischen Signals die Bestimmung einer Stärke eines in einer Versorgungsleitung des Aktuators fließenden Stroms oder die Bestimmung einer Spannung an den Klemmen eines resistiven Elements (37), das von dem in einer Versorgungsleitung des Aktuators fließenden Strom durchflossen wird, umfasst.
  5. Vorrichtung zur Ausführung eines Verfahrens zur Diagnose der Versorgung einer Spule eines Aktuators, umfassend Hardwaremittel (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229) und/oder Softwaremittel zur Ausführung jedes der Schritte des Diagnoseverfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4.
  6. Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hardware- und/oder Softwaremittel ein Element (32, 36) zur Steuerung der Versorgung des Aktuators umfassen.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hardware- und/oder Softwaremittel ein Element (33, 37) zum Überwachen eines elektrischen Merkmals des elektrischen Signals umfassen, wobei das ein Element (33, 37) zum Bestimmen einer Stärke eines in einer Versorgungsleitung des Aktuators fließenden Stroms oder ein Element (33) zum Bestimmen einer Spannung an den Klemmen eines resistiven Elements (37), das von dem in einer Versorgungsleitung des Aktuators fließenden Strom durchflossen wird, ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hardware- und /oder Softwaremittel ein Element (38) zum Herleiten einer Diagnose des Aktuators umfassen, wobei das Element ein Element zur zeitlichen Analyse der Änderungen des elektrischen Merkmals des elektrischen Signals ist.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hardware- und/oder Softwaremittel ein Element (225, 226, 228) zur Steuerung der Versorgung der Spule umfassen.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hardware- und/oder Softwaremittel ein Element (225, 227, 229) zum Bestimmen einer Stärke eines in der Spule fließenden Stroms und ein Element (225) zum Analysieren der Stärke des in der Spule fließenden Stroms umfassen.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hardware- und/oder Softwaremittel ein Element (222, 225) zum Bestimmen einer Versorgungsspannung der Spule und ein Element (225) zum Analysieren der Versorgungsspannung der Spule umfassen.
  12. Aktuator (2), der eine Spule (211, 212) und mindestens eine Steuerungsvorrichtung umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine Vorrichtung (3, 22) nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 11 umfasst.
  13. Computerprogramm, das ein Computerprogrammcodemittel umfasst, das bei der Ausführung des Programms auf einem Computer zur Ausführung jedes der Schritte des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 geeignet ist.
EP12354013.0A 2011-03-22 2012-03-05 Diagnoseverfahren und -vorrichtung eines Aktuators, und mit einer solchen Vorrichtung ausgestattetes Aktuator Active EP2503575B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1100863A FR2973155B1 (fr) 2011-03-22 2011-03-22 Procede et dispositif de diagnostic d'un actionneur, et actionneur comportant un tel dispositif

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EP2503575A1 EP2503575A1 (de) 2012-09-26
EP2503575B1 true EP2503575B1 (de) 2019-10-23

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US (1) US9196434B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2503575B1 (de)
CN (1) CN102692582B (de)
ES (1) ES2756775T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2973155B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2594648C2 (de)

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RU2012110819A (ru) 2013-09-27
CN102692582A (zh) 2012-09-26
FR2973155A1 (fr) 2012-09-28
US9196434B2 (en) 2015-11-24
RU2594648C2 (ru) 2016-08-20
EP2503575A1 (de) 2012-09-26
CN102692582B (zh) 2017-05-24
FR2973155B1 (fr) 2017-02-10
US20120242358A1 (en) 2012-09-27
ES2756775T3 (es) 2020-04-27

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