EP2498046A1 - Tip of a penetrator - Google Patents
Tip of a penetrator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2498046A1 EP2498046A1 EP12001420A EP12001420A EP2498046A1 EP 2498046 A1 EP2498046 A1 EP 2498046A1 EP 12001420 A EP12001420 A EP 12001420A EP 12001420 A EP12001420 A EP 12001420A EP 2498046 A1 EP2498046 A1 EP 2498046A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- penetrator
- tip
- cutting edges
- cutting
- target
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
- F42B12/06—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tip of a penetrator with a cutter provided on the jacket of the penetrator whose cutting edge is arranged in the region of the diameter of the penetrator.
- Penetrator warheads, balancing bullets and ammunition are to penetrate protective layers in order to unfold their effect behind them.
- the protective layers often consist of an inhomogeneous material mix of soft and hard hard components, which results in anisotropic strength properties. Examples are: concrete bunker walls with rebar, ground layers with boulders, ship walls with frames and stringers or protective vests with aramid fibers. If the tip of such an active part off-center meets a harder component, act asymmetric loads that distract the active part, destroy internal components such as detonators and in the worst case tear the active part.
- An armor-piercing projectile which has become known, which has a conical tip body provided with a rotationally symmetrical tip.
- the back of the tip body is designed cone-shaped and corresponds in a form-fitting manner with at least one funnel-shaped element having an annular cutting edge with a diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the penetrator.
- the tip of the projectile is more or less deflected depending on the properties of the target surface and the penetrator is decelerated, thus increasing its ability to penetrate is significantly reduced. Only when the tip body has penetrated into the target then the compressed funnel-shaped element is effective and its cutting edge can cut a recess with significantly reduced energy to the target.
- This object is achieved in that a plurality of sharp cutting edges, starting from the tip of the penetrator and are arranged radially extending at least to the outer diameter at the tip of the penetrator.
- the sharp and approximately star-shaped arranged cutting edges which cover about the diameter of the penetrator, get caught in the moment of the target contact with the target material. They damage or break up the solid components upon impact, so that they lose their strength and can easily be displaced into the surrounding softer material. Because the cutting edges cover the entire diameter of the penetrator, at least one cutting edge always hits the target and also a hard component of the target, which is then destroyed.
- the invention is embodied such that the cutting edges are at least locally hardened and that the cutting edges consist of components which are fastened to these supporting cutting devices.
- the process of intrusion into the target is assisted by forming the cutting edges for the purpose of influencing the flow along the shell and the cutting edges having an asymmetrical edge angle. This can also be improved if the cutting devices are twisted helically.
- asymmetric loads are reduced when entering the target. This increases the penetration depth and, above all, lower mechanical loads are achieved in the active part.
- the time course of the delay can be adjusted by a suitable shaping. Because the width of the knives covers the entire diameter, the active part can not be pushed away from the hard material and thus deflected. On the contrary, due to the local force acting on the cutting surface in engagement, a moment arises that counteracts exactly this deflection. This achieves web stabilization in the target and an anti-ricochet effect on impact.
- the active bodies can furthermore be produced from a blank. Critical connection points are not necessary. Nevertheless, the cutting edges can be hardened locally without lowering the necessary toughness in the rest of the active part.
- the FIG. 1 shows a penetrator 1, which, in contrast to conventional penetrators not a long tip 5 but equipped with a cutting edge 3 tip 5.
- the cutting edges 3 extending from the central tip, starting radially outwards to about the outer diameter 4 of the penetrator 1.
- the number of cutting edges can be chosen according to the needs.
- the length of the individual cutting edges 3 can also be selected as needed. It may be slightly less than half the diameter starting from the tip 5, but advantageously a length of slightly more than half the diameter will be chosen.
- the "cavity expansion" effects can be utilized. This is a lifting of the flow of the target fragments at demolition edges and a reapplication in the rear of the penetrator 1. With this effect, a reduction of the friction is achieved on the lateral surface 6 and supports the penetration into the target.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a side view and a front view of the embodiment FIG. 1 Good to see is the length of the cutting edges 3, which cover slightly more than the diameter of the penetrator.
- the cutting edges 3 are are each formed as leading edges of the cutting devices 2, which in turn form the transition to the body of the penetrator.
- the transitions 7 between the individual cutting devices 2 are shaped according to the purpose so that the target components are easily displaced to the side.
- FIG. 3 It is shown that a unit consisting of cutting devices 2a and cutting edges can be placed on a conventional penetrator 1 and thus forms a functional unit.
- the material properties of the cutting edges 3 can be changed without affecting the function of the penetrator.
- the blades can be hardened locally to improve the separation effect on target impact. It is also possible to make the cutting edges of the cutting edges as an additional component and to connect this in an appropriate manner with the cutting device or Penetzrator.
- FIG. 4 shows various conceivable modifications of the tip of the penetrator 1.
- the cutting device rings 2c may be formed helically twisted. This has the consequence that the penetrator is set in rotation when penetrating into the target and thus the movement of the penetrator remains substantially longer linear. Furthermore, it is conceivable to form cutting edges 3c asymmetrically in order to support penetration into targets which are struck at a shallow angle.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 two variants of the shaping of the cutting edges 3. These are the forward swept cutting edges 3a and the rearwardly swept cutting edges 3b.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Spitze eines Penetrators mit einer am Mantel des Penetrators vorgesehenen Schneidvorrichtung, deren Schneidkante im Bereich des Durchmessers des Penetrators angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a tip of a penetrator with a cutter provided on the jacket of the penetrator whose cutting edge is arranged in the region of the diameter of the penetrator.
Penetrator-Gefechtsköpfe, Wuchtgeschosse und Munition sollen Schutzschichten durchdingen, um dahinter ihre Wirkung zu entfalten. Die Schutzschichten bestehen dabei oft aus einem inhomogenen Materialmix aus weichen und festen harten Bestandteilen, welcher anisotrope Festigkeitseigenschaften zur Folge hat. Beispiele sind: Beton-Bunkerwände mit Bewehrungseisen, Bodenschichten mit Gesteins-brocken, Schiffswände mit Spanten und Stringern oder Schutzwesten mit Aramidfasern. Trifft die Spitze eines solchen Wirkteils außermittig auf eine härtere Komponente, wirken asymmetrische Belastungen, die das Wirkteil ablenken, interne Komponenten wie Zünder zerstören und schlimmstenfalls das Wirkteil zerreissen.Penetrator warheads, balancing bullets and ammunition are to penetrate protective layers in order to unfold their effect behind them. The protective layers often consist of an inhomogeneous material mix of soft and hard hard components, which results in anisotropic strength properties. Examples are: concrete bunker walls with rebar, ground layers with boulders, ship walls with frames and stringers or protective vests with aramid fibers. If the tip of such an active part off-center meets a harder component, act asymmetric loads that distract the active part, destroy internal components such as detonators and in the worst case tear the active part.
Aus der
Sobald ein derartiges Geschoß in einem Winkel auf eine Zieloberfläche trifft, der deutlich vom Lot auf die Zieloberfläche abweicht, wird die Spitze des Geschoßes in Abhängigkeit von den Eigenschaften der Zieloberfläche mehr oder weniger abgelenkt und der Penetrator wird verzögert, womit seine Penetrationsfähigkeit deutlich reduziert wird. Erst wenn der Spitzenkörper in das Ziel eingedrungen ist wird das dann gestauchte trichterförmige Element wirksam und seine Schneidkante kann mit deutlich verminderter Energie eine Ausnehmung ins Ziel schneiden.As soon as such a projectile encounters an object surface at an angle which deviates significantly from the perpendicular to the target surface, the tip of the projectile is more or less deflected depending on the properties of the target surface and the penetrator is decelerated, thus increasing its ability to penetrate is significantly reduced. Only when the tip body has penetrated into the target then the compressed funnel-shaped element is effective and its cutting edge can cut a recess with significantly reduced energy to the target.
Konventionelle Penetratoren weisen keine Schneidkanten auf. Wenn diese beim Zielaufprall auf Verstärkungen in der Zielstruktur, wie beispielsweise Bewehrungseisen, treffen, dann treten hohe radiale Druckkräfte auf, die den Penetrator von der Sollbahn ablenken oder sogar verbiegen. Die Eindringleistung wird erheblich reduziert. Bei sehr harten Einschlüssen, wie beispielsweise Felsbrocken, ricochettieren konventionelle Penetratoren.Conventional penetrators have no cutting edges. If they encounter reinforcements in the target structure, such as rebars, during target impact, high radial compressive forces occur which deflect or even bend the penetrator away from the target path. The penetration rate is significantly reduced. For very hard inclusions, such as boulders, conventional penetrators ricochet.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung die Spitze eines Penetrators so zu gestalten, dass die asymmetrischen Lasten auf den Penetrator beim Eindringen in ein Ziel erheblich gemindert werden, die Bahn des Penetrators im Ziel stabilisiert wird und ein Abprallen bei spitzwinkligem Zielkontakt weitgehend vermieden wird.It is an object of the invention to design the tip of a penetrator so that the asymmetric loads on the penetrator when penetrating into a target are significantly reduced, the path of the penetrator is stabilized in the target and a rebound is largely avoided with acute-angled target contact.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass eine Vielzahl von scharfen Schneidkanten ausgehend von der Spitze des Penetrators und sich radial bis wenigstens zum Außendurchmesser erstreckend an der Spitze des Penetrators angeordnet sind.This object is achieved in that a plurality of sharp cutting edges, starting from the tip of the penetrator and are arranged radially extending at least to the outer diameter at the tip of the penetrator.
Die scharfen und etwa sternförmig verteilt angeordneten Schneidkanten, die etwa den Durchmesser des Penetrators abdecken, verhaken sich im Moment des Zielkontakts mit dem Zielmaterial. Sie schädigen oder zerteilen die festen Bestandteile beim Auftreffen, so dass diese ihre Festigkeit verlieren und leicht in das umgebende weichere Material verdrängt werden können. Weil die Schneidkanten den gesamten Durchmesser des Penetrators abdecken, trifft immer zumindest eine Schneidkante das Ziel und auch eine harte Komponente des Ziels, die dann zerstört wird.The sharp and approximately star-shaped arranged cutting edges, which cover about the diameter of the penetrator, get caught in the moment of the target contact with the target material. They damage or break up the solid components upon impact, so that they lose their strength and can easily be displaced into the surrounding softer material. Because the cutting edges cover the entire diameter of the penetrator, at least one cutting edge always hits the target and also a hard component of the target, which is then destroyed.
In vorteilhafter Weise ist die Erfindung so ausgeführt, dass die Schneidkanten zumindest lokal gehärtet sind und dass die Schneidkanten aus Bauteilen bestehen, die auf diese tragenden Schneidvorrichtungen befestigt sind.Advantageously, the invention is embodied such that the cutting edges are at least locally hardened and that the cutting edges consist of components which are fastened to these supporting cutting devices.
Der Prozess des Eindringens in das Ziel wird dadurch unterstützt, dass die Schneidkanten zum Zweck der Beeinflussung der Strömung entlang des Mantels geformt sind und dass die Schneidkanten einen unsymmetrischen Kantenwinkel aufweisen. Dies kann auch dadurch verbessert werden, wenn die Schneidvorrichtungen schraubenförmig verdreht sind.The process of intrusion into the target is assisted by forming the cutting edges for the purpose of influencing the flow along the shell and the cutting edges having an asymmetrical edge angle. This can also be improved if the cutting devices are twisted helically.
Schließlich können noch dadurch Vorteile erzielt werden, dass die Schneidkanten gerade oder gebogen ausgeführt sind, oder dass die Schneidkanten nach vorne oder nach hinten gepfeilt sind.Finally, advantages can be achieved in that the cutting edges are made straight or curved, or that the cutting edges are swept forward or backward.
Zusammengefasst lässt sich sagen, dass asymmetrischen Lasten beim Eindringen in das Ziel gesenkt werden. Damit steiget die Eindringtiefe und vor allem werden niedrigere mechanischen Lasten im Wirkteil erreicht. Der zeitliche Verlauf der Verzögerung kann durch eine geeignete Formgebung angepasst werden. Weil die Breite der Messer den ganzen Durchmessers überdeckt, kann das Wirkteil nicht vom harten Material weggedrückt und somit abgelenkt werden. Im Gegenteil entsteht durch die lokale Krafteinwirkung an der Schneidfläche im Eingriff ein Moment, dass genau dieser Ablenkung entgegenwirkt. Damit wird eine Bahnstabilisierung im Ziel und ein Anti-Ricochet-Effekt beim Auftreffen erreicht. Die Wirkkörper können weiterhin aus einem Rohteil hergestellt werden. Kritische Verbindungsstellen sind nicht nötig. Dennoch können die Schneidkanten lokal gehärtet werden ohne die nötige Zähigkeit im übrigen Wirkteil zu senken.In summary, asymmetric loads are reduced when entering the target. This increases the penetration depth and, above all, lower mechanical loads are achieved in the active part. The time course of the delay can be adjusted by a suitable shaping. Because the width of the knives covers the entire diameter, the active part can not be pushed away from the hard material and thus deflected. On the contrary, due to the local force acting on the cutting surface in engagement, a moment arises that counteracts exactly this deflection. This achieves web stabilization in the target and an anti-ricochet effect on impact. The active bodies can furthermore be produced from a blank. Critical connection points are not necessary. Nevertheless, the cutting edges can be hardened locally without lowering the necessary toughness in the rest of the active part.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Figuren schematisch vereinfacht dargestellt und werden im Folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- die Spitze eines Penetrators gemäß der Erfindung,
- Fig. 2:
- Seiten- und Frontansicht eines Penetrators gemäß
,Figur 1 - Fig. 3:
- einen Penetrator mit einem Schneidkanten-Einsatz,
- Fig. 4:
- die Spitze eines Penetrators mit geformten Schneidvorrichtungen und Schneidkanten,
- Fig. 5:
- einen Penetrator mit nach vorne gepfeilten Schneidvorrichtungen,
- Fig. 6:
- einen Penetrator mit nach hinten gepfeilten Schneidvorrichtungen.
- Fig. 1:
- the tip of a penetrator according to the invention,
- Fig. 2:
- Side and front view of a penetrator according to
FIG. 1 . - 3:
- a penetrator with a cutting edge insert,
- 4:
- the tip of a penetrator with shaped cutting devices and cutting edges,
- Fig. 5:
- a penetrator with forward swept cutting devices,
- Fig. 6:
- a penetrator with back-swept cutters.
Die
In der
Lokal können die Materialeigenschaften der Schneidkanten 3 verändert werden ohne die Funktion des Penetrators zu beeinflusen. So können beispielsweise die Schneiden lokal gehärtet werden um die Trennwirkung beim Zielaufprall zu verbessern. Es ist auch möglich, die Schneiden der Schneidkanten als ein zusätzliches Bauteil anzufertigen und dieses in geeigneter Weise mit der Schneidvorrichtung oder dem Penetzrator zu verbinden.Locally, the material properties of the
Die
Schließlich zeigen die
- 11
- Penetratorpenetrator
- 22
- Schneidvorrichtungcutter
- 2a2a
- Schneidvorrichtung als AufsatzteilCutting device as an attachment
- 2c2c
- Schneidvorrichtung schraubenförmig verdrehtCutting device twisted helically
- 33
- Schneidkantecutting edge
- 3a3a
- Schneidkante nach vorne gepfeiltThe cutting edge is swept forward
- 3b3b
- Schneidkante nach hinten gepfeiltThe cutting edge is swept backwards
- 3c3c
- Schneidkante mit asymmetrischem KantenwinkelCutting edge with asymmetrical edge angle
- 44
- Durchmesser außenOutside diameter
- 55
- Spitzetop
- 66
- Mantelcoat
- 77
- Übergang zwischen SchneidvorrichtungenTransition between cutting devices
Claims (8)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Vielzahl von scharfen Schneidkanten (3) ausgehend von der Spitze (5) des Penetrators (1) und sich radial bis wenigstens zum Außendurchmesser (4) erstreckend an der Spitze (5) des Penetrators (1) angeordnet sind.Tip of a penetrator (1) with a cutting device (2) provided on the jacket of the penetrator, whose cutting edge (3) is arranged in the region of the diameter (4) of the penetrator,
characterized,
in that a multiplicity of sharp cutting edges (3) are arranged starting from the tip (5) of the penetrator (1) and extending radially at least to the outside diameter (4), extending at the tip (5) of the penetrator (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201110013261 DE102011013261A1 (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2011-03-07 | Tip of a penetrator |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2498046A1 true EP2498046A1 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
Family
ID=45877943
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12001420A Withdrawn EP2498046A1 (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2012-03-02 | Tip of a penetrator |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2498046A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102011013261A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
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---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016007212A3 (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2016-03-24 | Mahnke Joshua | Projectile with enhanced ballistics |
US11566877B1 (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2023-01-31 | True Velocity Ip Holdings, Llc | Glass penetrating projectile |
US11821718B2 (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2023-11-21 | True Velocity Ip Holdings, Llc | Method of producing plated powder-core projectile |
US11859954B2 (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2024-01-02 | True Velocity Ip Holdings, Llc | Vented hollow point projectile |
US11965723B2 (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2024-04-23 | True Velocity Ip Holdings, Llc | Polymer jacketed powder core projectile |
USD1043894S1 (en) | 2021-03-08 | 2024-09-24 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile |
Families Citing this family (1)
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DE102018005405A1 (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-01-09 | TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH | penetrator |
Citations (6)
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US1373322A (en) * | 1919-01-10 | 1921-03-29 | Freitas Antone | Projectile |
US1596180A (en) * | 1918-08-16 | 1926-08-17 | Henderson Albert Ennis | Ordnance projectile |
US3572250A (en) * | 1969-03-10 | 1971-03-23 | Aerospace Systems Co | Cone for aeroballistic member |
US4056060A (en) * | 1976-02-23 | 1977-11-01 | The Government Of The United States, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Armor plate penetrator |
DE3036463A1 (en) | 1980-09-27 | 1985-12-19 | Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | TARGET-BREAKING RIFLE BULLET |
US5133261A (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1992-07-28 | Kelsey Jr Charles C | Devel small arms bullet |
-
2011
- 2011-03-07 DE DE201110013261 patent/DE102011013261A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-03-02 EP EP12001420A patent/EP2498046A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1596180A (en) * | 1918-08-16 | 1926-08-17 | Henderson Albert Ennis | Ordnance projectile |
US1373322A (en) * | 1919-01-10 | 1921-03-29 | Freitas Antone | Projectile |
US3572250A (en) * | 1969-03-10 | 1971-03-23 | Aerospace Systems Co | Cone for aeroballistic member |
US4056060A (en) * | 1976-02-23 | 1977-11-01 | The Government Of The United States, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Armor plate penetrator |
DE3036463A1 (en) | 1980-09-27 | 1985-12-19 | Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | TARGET-BREAKING RIFLE BULLET |
US5133261A (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1992-07-28 | Kelsey Jr Charles C | Devel small arms bullet |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016007212A3 (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2016-03-24 | Mahnke Joshua | Projectile with enhanced ballistics |
US11041703B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2021-06-22 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile with enhanced ballistics |
USD863492S1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2019-10-15 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile |
USD868199S1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2019-11-26 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile |
US10502536B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2019-12-10 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile with enhanced ballistics |
US10578410B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2020-03-03 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile with enhanced ballistics |
US11181351B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2021-11-23 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile with enhanced ballistics |
US9709368B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2017-07-18 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile with enhanced ballistics |
USD978277S1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2023-02-14 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile |
USD980941S1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2023-03-14 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile |
US11808550B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2023-11-07 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile with enhanced ballistics |
US12050093B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2024-07-30 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile with enhanced ballistics |
USD1043894S1 (en) | 2021-03-08 | 2024-09-24 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile |
US11965723B2 (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2024-04-23 | True Velocity Ip Holdings, Llc | Polymer jacketed powder core projectile |
US11566877B1 (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2023-01-31 | True Velocity Ip Holdings, Llc | Glass penetrating projectile |
US11859954B2 (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2024-01-02 | True Velocity Ip Holdings, Llc | Vented hollow point projectile |
US11821718B2 (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2023-11-21 | True Velocity Ip Holdings, Llc | Method of producing plated powder-core projectile |
USD1043896S1 (en) | 2022-11-07 | 2024-09-24 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile |
USD1043897S1 (en) | 2022-11-07 | 2024-09-24 | G9 Holdings, Llc | Projectile |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102011013261A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
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