EP2715272B1 - Ballistic protection means - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a ballistic protection for protection against firearms, splintering and stabbing weapons, such as in WO92 / 08094 A described.

Ballistic protection devices are known from the prior art in different designs.

One solution is hard ballistic protection, in which fired projectiles are rendered harmless after impacting hard materials such as by breaking, deforming and deflecting the projectile, or by transferring the kinetic energy. In particular, at least one bullet-breaking layer is used, wherein the bullet-breaking layer is usually formed by large-sized individual elements, more rarely by a plurality of juxtaposed elements.

It is also known from the prior art, the arrangement of the individual bullet-breaking elements, or to choose their geometric design so that, if possible, no, up to a protected surface continuous gaps or gaps arise within the ballistic protection device.

Such ballistic protection devices are used in particular in the context of personal protection vests or object armor.

A generic device is for example as a composite armor element in the publication DE 10 2007 019 392 B4 disclosed.

In this case, at least one row of axially successively arranged, rod-shaped elements is used, which are surrounded by a potting compound.

The rod-shaped elements are designed such that they engage in a form-fitting manner such that upon impact of a projectile, the elements yield, without the formation of joints and thus the formation of a ballistic hole occurs.

A disadvantage of the disclosed solution, however, turns out to be the fact that due to the positive locking of the elements, the composite armor has little or no elasticity and thus can only be adapted to a limited extent on uneven or flexible substrates.

In particular, the use within a personal protection vest is thus possible only with restrictions.

A generic ballistic protection discloses the document DE 602 21 849 T2 ,
The armor system described here is primarily designed for use on vehicles or buildings and has, inter alia, a plurality of ceramic elements, which are formed abutting or overlapping.
The overlapping of the elements can be achieved inter alia by providing them on two sides with L-shaped edges which form the overlap.
The area between the overlapping edges is filled with an adhesive, thus achieving a cohesive connection of the elements with each other.

The disadvantages of the solution disclosed here lie, on the one hand, in the fact that overlapping areas are formed only on two sides of the elements, as a result of which joint / gap formation on the remaining sides of the elements may occur.
On the other hand, the thickness of each overlapping element in the areas of overlap corresponds to only a portion of the total thickness of a single element, making a single element in the areas of overlap more susceptible to damage by bullets or projectiles.

In addition, only a relatively low flexibility of the armor system can be provided here with an L-shaped design of the elements and their bonding together.

The object of the invention is, while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art to provide a ballistic protection with improved effectiveness against penetrations of projectiles and stabbing, which a high flexibility, a low in terms of the protective effect areal weight and an improved ability to multiple shots resist.

The object is solved by the features listed in claim 1. Preferred developments emerge from the subclaims.

An inventive ballistic protection has a plurality, in particular hard ballistic form elements, hereinafter also referred to only as form elements, on.
By hard ballistics is generally understood that a bullet, hereafter also referred to as a projectile, meets a hard material and that the kinetic energy of the bullet is degraded and distributed when hitting the hard material, the projectile and / or the hard material deformed or destroyed.

The form elements have, as a particular advantage, at least two planes arranged offset from each other, wherein the planes are materially connected to one another by the integral formation of the form elements.

Staggered arrangement of the levels of a feature element is understood in this context that the levels are arranged both horizontally and vertically offset from one another.

At least two of the form elements provided according to the invention are fixed in a form element combination in a positional relationship to each other in such a way that a first level of a first element element overlaps a second level of a second element element in sections. Hereinafter, this area is also referred to as Übergreifungsbereich.
In a form element composite according to the invention, a first mold element can overlap in sections up to three further mold elements in its second plane. The same applies to any further levels.

As a result of the arrangement according to the invention of the at least two overlapping planes of two mold elements, practically two overlapping and mutually offset overall surfaces are formed in the mold element composite, which advantageously make it possible to provide a mold element composite according to the invention entirely without line-shaped penetrations.
By penetrations openings within a ballistic protection are understood, through which a projectile or, for example, a cannula, through the ballistic protection, can pass unhindered up to an object to be protected.

As objects to be protected, living objects such as persons or animals, vehicles or buildings are considered according to the present invention. In addition, all conceivable, in particular technical, facilities can be regarded as objects to be protected in the sense of the ballistic protection according to the invention in front of impinging projectiles. The ballistic protection according to the invention can either rest against the object to be protected, or be used for example as a free-hanging mat.

Compared with known ballistic protection devices, the present invention element element composite has due to the small segmentation by the majority of the form elements the considerable advantage that it is much less susceptible to complete destruction than large-area segmented hard ballistic devices. Upon impact of a projectile on a form element only a very small portion of the form element composite is damaged or destroyed, which corresponds according to the selected segmentation preferably only the caliber of the projectile.
The remaining form elements remain fully functional, the size of the resulting from the failure of a formula element penetration is very low due to a preferential Kleinsegementierung the form elements and the plane offset. As a result, the so-called multi-hit capability of the ballistic protection according to the invention is also substantially improved over conventional devices.

Furthermore, small segmentation significantly improves flexibility and thus the ability to easily conform to surfaces to be protected compared to conventional hardballistic systems.

In addition, a reliable determination of the positional relationship of the at least two formed and mutually offset total areas is effected by the material connection of the at least two levels in each form element, so that the total areas can not shift against each other during a bombardment event or a puncture action. Transverse and / or shear stresses between the total surfaces can thus be better absorbed and reduced than is the case with known ballistic devices. As a result, the absence of linear penetrations always remains as a special advantage. As a further advantage, because of the material connection of the at least two levels, no additional measures are required in every molding element to ensure the offset in the production of a molding element assembly.

In a preferred embodiment, the form elements are such that a crack continuation from the first level to the second level is prevented by a material-specifically suitably dimensioned design of the connecting region between the two levels of a formula element in the event of cracking in the first plane in a bombardment event. In this preferred embodiment, the second level is maintained and improves the multi-hit capability.

According to the invention, the formed element element composite has a side facing an impinging projectile, hereinafter also referred to as an attack side, and a side facing an object to be protected, hereinafter also referred to as a protective side.

Depending on the application, the planes of the form elements may have different geometric shapes, such as rectangular, triangular or trapezoidal shapes.

A preferred further development of this ballistic protection provides that the shaped elements on the side facing the object to be protected are connected to a high-tensile and shear-resistant carrier layer, for example of aramid fibers.
The connection between the mold elements and the carrier layer is advantageously effected by gluing.

By combining the mold elements with the high-tensile and shear-resistant carrier layer, a molded element composite is created, which offers a particularly high resistance of the ballistic protection against acting projectiles.
Due to the tensile properties of the carrier layer, a reinforcement of the form element composite is achieved. The force exerted by the projectile force across the plane of the ballistic protection (transversal impulse) strives bulge the ballistic protection concavely in the direction of the protective side. As a result, the form elements attach to one another at their end faces and form a pressure zone facing the force action side, while at the same time the carrier layer is subjected to tension (longitudinal momentum) and forms the tension zone facing away from the force action side. The form element composite thus acts by the one-sided stiffness as a large-scale shield, while a reverse curvature remains possible and thus there is a high degree of flexibility.

Insofar as the ballistic protection according to the invention in a state of convex curvature, as this results in particular by the body shape of the wearer in many places, is affected by a bombardment event, a pressure sheet may form next to or instead of the bending strength described by the power transmission to the end faces of the form elements which transmits at least a portion of the energy of the projectile longitudinally in the ballistic protection and thus passes around the carrier.

A particular advantage over the prior art is that not only the surface and mass of a hard ballistic element or in scale or similar solutions, the surface and the mass of mutually positively locking hard ballistic elements is effective. On the contrary, due to the flow of force in the plane of the ballistic protection according to the invention, inclusion of the shaped elements is also achieved, which are not arranged in the region of the point of action. The included form elements are not directly affected by the destructive effect of the high-energy impulse of the projectile as a particular advantage and reliably decoupled from a crack extension of the impact point.

By the solution proposed here, a way has surprisingly been found, the already pressure-stable properties of hard ballistic elements with the use of a pressure zone to achieve a bending strength of the molding element layer in a further manner to increase the protective effect usable do. In this case, the material-specific advantage of the enormous compressive strength is effectively utilized in the preferred use of ceramic form elements.

Due to the shear strength of the carrier layer, a "walking through" of the mold elements or parts of these under the action of a projectile through the support layer effectively prevented, at the same time the tensile strength of the support layer particularly advantageous means that the mold elements in the longitudinal direction of the form element composite, especially in the impact area of the Projectile, pressed against each other.
Thus, the resulting compressive forces are very advantageous in a wide range, but ideally forwarded annularly in the entirety of the form element composite and thereby degraded particularly effective.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the ballistic protection is a, between the respective standing in a positional relationship to form elements, forming intermediate space provided with an elastic filling material.
In this case, the filling material according to the invention both completely, as well as only partially fill.

The filler material is preferably such that, when it is deformed as a result of the relative movement of the mold elements, it acts as energy-converting during a bombardment event.

By providing the gap between the mutually standing in a positional relationship form elements with the elastic filling material, a, within defined limits, flexible connection of the respective mold elements is created with each other, which allows the mold elements particularly advantageous to perform a relative movement to each other.

By this invention achieved flexibility of ballistic protection this can be easily adapted to uneven or flexible objects. Especially when used in the context of a personal protection vest, the flexibility of wearing comfort of the ballistic protection over conventional devices is enormously improved, since this is not only able to be adapted to the particular body shape, but also the same movement of the person to be protected not overly restrictive.

In an equally advantageous embodiment of the invention, the mold elements are made of a ceramic material.
According to the invention, all known ceramic or ceramic composite materials which are suitable according to their material properties and ceramic fiber composite materials can be used as the ceramic material. For example, the use of ceramic laminates is particularly advantageous, so that several ceramic layers are available and the destruction of a layer is not synonymous with the total failure of the entire element element.

Through the use of ceramic materials molding elements can be provided, which are very hard and very resistant to heat and corrosion at low weight.
Especially with a long-term use of ballistic protection, the corrosion resistance plays a major role, as this is particularly advantageous, at worst unnoticed decreasing the ability to protect the ballistic protection, over the duration of its use, avoided.

In particular, by the low weight of the mold elements compared to conventional devices, the ease of use of a ballistic protection according to the invention is again significantly improved.

Particularly advantageous is this low weight when using the ballistic protection for the protection of land, amphibious or marine vehicles from mines and explosives. Furthermore, as a particular advantage of a ballistic protection according to the invention when using ceramic materials, there are no magnetic attachments of explosive charges.

In a further preferred refinement of the ballistic protection, the shaped elements are arranged in a masonry-like manner in the longitudinal direction of the molded element composite formed in the longitudinal direction.
Such a staggered arrangement of the mold elements leads in particular to the fact that each mold element is already in its first plane with at least two further mold elements in a form fit in the longitudinal direction of the mold element composite.
It is thus in a particularly simple manner a uniform distribution of, by the impact of a projectile, resulting forces on several mold elements simultaneously favors and thus improves the resistance.

In addition, the staggered arrangement of the mold elements and the resulting uniform force distribution within the mold element composite advantageously reduces the intensity of possible blunt traumas, such as bruises or fractures, especially when used inside a personal protective vest.

A special embodiment of the invention provides that the mold elements each have three mutually offset planes arranged. According to the invention, the offset of the planes is chosen such that the plane facing the attack side and the plane facing the protective side do not overlap.

The formation of three-level moldings has, on the one hand, the particular advantage that there are no penetrations, both linear and punctiform, in the mold element composite.
Thus, the possibility of a direct passage of a bullet through the molding element assembly, as well as the risk of puncture with a sharp object such as a knife, a syringe or a cannula, excluded.

On the other hand, the formation of the three-plane shaped elements further reduces the likelihood of Totel failure of the ballistic protection as a result of complete destruction of a feature element, since even if the level of a feature element is destroyed, coverage by at least one plane of an adjacent feature is obtained and hence the feature element assembly remain intact.

The ballistic protection according to the invention has, in a particularly preferred development on the attack side, a sacrificial layer upstream of the form element composite.

The further development provides that the energy of a projectile striking the attack side of the ballistic protection is at least partially reduced by the sacrificial layer.
The degradation of the energy is preferably carried out by deflection and / or deformation of the impinging projectile and by, at least partially, destruction / fragmentation of the hardballistic sacrificial elements of the sacrificial layer.

According to the development, a multiplicity of sacrificial elements are preferably used in the sacrificial layer, which are formed, for example, as cubes consisting of a ceramic material such as, for example, silicon carbide. In particular, on the attack side, the sacrificial elements preferably have additional deflector edges, which a projectile upon impact with the Distract victim elements and thereby prevent a vertical impact of the projectile on the sacrificial elements. Thus, according to the invention, part of its energy is already dissipated by deflection when the projectile strikes. In addition, an asymmetry of the force vectors is provoked by the impact of the projectile on a deflector edge, which has an at least slight deviation of the projectile from its original trajectory result and as a result deflects the energy of the impact away from the original impact point on a much larger area, which the protective effect of the system significantly supported, or at times relieved.

The deflector edges on the attack side of the ballistic protection are preferably concave and advantageously lead to the sacrificial layer having no or only small surface sections directed at right angles to the impinging projectile.

At high projectile energy will be a significant part of the degradation of energy
of the projectile in its impact on the sacrificial layer achieved by, at least partially, destruction of the sacrificial elements, which preferably leads to an, at least partial, fragmentation of the sacrificial elements. Due to the vorteihaft spatially dense packing of sacrificial elements, the splinters act at least partially on the respective adjacent sacrificial elements, thus causing a force and thus a force distribution in the plane of the sacrificial layer, so that the thus absorbed portion of the kinetic energy no longer to one in the direction of the protective side directed and thus acting on the form element composite force effect leads.

The destruction of the sacrificial elements also leads to a deformation of the impinging projectile.
The deformation is particularly advantageous so large that the projectile, after a possible passage through the sacrificial layer through to the

Form element layer is so strongly deformed that this causes little or no damage to the molding element layer.

Due to the multiplicity of sacrificial elements and the resulting small segmentation of the sacrificial layer, in particular the multi-hit capability of the ballistic protection according to the invention, compared with the known devices, is considerably improved. Even if a sacrificial element is completely destroyed by an impacting projectile, the remaining sacrificial elements and especially the molding element layer located behind the sacrificial layer remain intact and fully functional. To optimize the multi-hit capability, the sacrificial elements preferably have an attack surface facing surface of not more than 70 square millimeters. In addition to the presence of the second hard-ballistic plane by the form-element composite, the described small-segmentation causes a very low probability that a follow-up shot will impinge on the site of the already destroyed sacrificial element. This takes into account that multi-hit standards rate a reference area of one square inch. A particular advantage over the prior art is that a solution is shown in which the destruction of individual hardballistic elements is included in the inventive function without significantly reducing the multi-hit capability.

In a preferred variant, the sacrificial elements are arranged in multiple layers in the sacrificial layer or the entire sacrificial layer is formed in multiple layers. Also possible are special geometries of the sacrificial elements to optimize the effect.

It has surprisingly been found that a particularly effective degradation of the projectile energy can be achieved if the sacrificial elements of the sacrificial layer are embedded in a preferred embodiment of the invention in a splinter-yielding potting compound.

The embedding takes place, for example, by vulcanization of the potting compound around the sacrificial elements around.
The potting compound is further formed tough-elastic or tough-plastic and is used according to the invention, at least partially, from the sacrificial elements or the impinging bullet, dissolving splitter to catch and make their emergence from the sacrificial layer to both the attack side and the molding element layer and thus preventing an effect of these splinters as secondary projectiles.

The described interaction of the sacrificial elements and the potting compound in a bombardment event allows a high proportion of the energy dissipation by deformation, so that smaller surface masses are made possible.

Preferably, the sacrificial layer acts in a floating manner with the mold element composite, whereby the flexibility of the ballistic protection is additionally improved.

The sacrificial layer is provided in an advantageous variant of the invention with an upstream, attack-side fragmentation trap layer.
The attack-side fragmentation trap layer is made, for example, from a multilayered aramid material and serves primarily to catch dissolving splinters of the sacrificial elements, and / or the impacting projectile.

However, in contrast to the potting compound of the sacrificial layer, the attack-side splinter-trap layer exclusively serves to intercept such secondary projectiles which emerge from the sacrificial layer in the direction of the attack side. It thus serves to protect objects outside the coverage area of the ballistic protection, such as a person nearby or uncovered body parts of the wearer of a personal protection vest according to the invention.

The attack-side fragmentation trap layer is also connected in a floating manner to the sacrificial layer, which in turn advantageously does not adversely affect the flexibility of the ballistic protection according to the invention.

In an equally preferred embodiment of the invention, the form element composite is provided on the protective side with a protective side splinter trap layer.

The protection-side fragmentation trap layer, for example, likewise consists of an aramid material and, according to the invention, serves to possibly catch fragments which dissolve out of the element element layer or these projectile parts which penetrate under extreme load.
Such splinters can be released from the mold element layer, for example, if, in particular in the case of multi-hit events, an impacting projectile or parts thereof hit the mold element composite and damage it.

The connection between the form element layer and the protective side splinter trap layer preferably takes place in a floating manner, so that both layers can perform a relative movement with respect to one another, which in turn has a positive effect on the flexibility of the ballistic protection.

Optionally, an additional damping layer, for example consisting of gel or air chambers, may be arranged between the object to be protected and the protective-side splinter-trapping layer.
By such an additional damping layer, the intensity of blunt damage or trauma of the object to be protected due to the forces acting again can be significantly reduced.

In order to increase the wearing comfort in particular when using the ballistic protection in a personal protection vest, the invention provides in a further preferred variant that between the protective side splinter trap layer and the person to be protected is assigned a moisture and / or heat-regulating functional layer.
The functional layer has the nature, for example, to absorb and dissipate the moisture produced by air permeability under the ballistic protection of a person wearing the ballistic protection and to warm the person at low temperatures or to counteract a build-up of heat at high temperatures.

An inventive ballistic protection can be used both in a personal protection vest, as well as in an armored mat for the protection of vehicles, buildings or people.

Fig. 1

Schnittdarstellung Formelementeverbund

Fig. 2

Prinzipdarstellung Mehrschichtaufbau

Fig. 3a

Detaildarstellung Formelement Seitenansicht

Fig. 3b

Detaildarstellung Formelement Draufsicht

Fig. 4

Detaildarstellung Opferelement

näher erläutert.The invention will be described as an embodiment of hand

Fig. 1

Sectional view of the form element composite

Fig. 2

Schematic representation of multilayer structure

Fig. 3a

Detail view Form element Side view

Fig. 3b

Detailed view of form element top view

Fig. 4

Detail presentation sacrificial element

explained in more detail.

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a form element composite 1 according to the invention as part of a ballistic protection in a lateral sectional view as a schematic representation.

The molded element composite 1, is formed by a plurality of mold elements 2 and a high-tensile and shear-resistant carrier layer 3.
The mold elements 2 are made of a ceramic material and are connected by a high-strength and non-detachable bonding with the carrier layer 3, whereby in the further course, the positional relationship of the mold elements 2 is fixed to each other.

The carrier layer 3 takes over during the use of the ballistic protection according to the invention, the reinforcement function for the form element composite 1.

Upon impact of a projectile (not shown) and the resulting curvature of the Formelementeverbundes 1 is formed on the attack side of a pressure zone, in which the mold elements 2 are pressed against each other at least in sections.
In the carrier layer 3, a tensile zone forms when hitting a projectile.
The inventive combination of compression and tension zone leads to particularly advantageous that the shaped element composite 1, when hitting a projectile and caused by the curvature, stiffened and absorbs, initiated by the projectile forces and distributed over a large area and thus degrades.

The space between each forming between the mutually in a positionally related form elements 2 forming space within the Formelementeverbundes 1 is provided in a preferred embodiment of the invention with an elastic filler material 6.
The elastic filling material 6 is introduced in the present case by vulcanization in the mold element composite 1.

Due to the elastic filling material 6, a cohesive connection of the shaped elements 2 with one another is produced in a particularly advantageous manner, through which the Resistance of the mold element assembly 1 against impinging floors is improved.

The form elements 2 themselves each have a first and a second plane 4 and 5, which are arranged both vertically and horizontally offset from each other within the respective element element 2, wherein the staggered arrangement of the two levels 4 and 5 by the material connection in the Form element 2 is reliably secured.

In the mold element assembly 1, the mold elements 2 are fixed in a positional relationship to each other such that in each case the first level 4 of a first mold element 2.1 overlaps the second level 5 of a second mold element 2.2 in sections.

As a result of the overlapping of the shaped elements 2, it is particularly advantageous to provide a molded element composite 1 which has no linear penetrations through which an impacting projectile (not shown) could pass through the molded element composite 1 without resistance.

In order to further improve the resistance of a ballistic protection according to the invention with respect to impinging projectiles, it has additional layers in a further exemplary embodiment in addition to the molding element assembly 1.

FIG. 2 shows such a multi-layer structure of ballistic protection.

The form element composite 1 is preceded by a sacrificial layer 8 on the attack side, which is formed from a plurality, in the present embodiment, substantially cube-shaped, sacrificial elements 9. Preferably, deflector edges are formed on the attack side (in FIG FIG. 4 shown).

The sacrificial elements 9 are made in the present embodiment of silicon carbide and are embedded in a splintering potting compound 10.
According to the invention, they serve to divert and / or deform impinging projectiles and to degrade a substantial part of the projectile energy by destruction / fragmentation of the projectile and / or the sacrificial elements 9 themselves.
In this case, when an impact of a projectile, preferably, so much of its energy is dissipated that the molding element assembly 1 is damaged by the projectile as little as possible.

The splintering potting compound 10 serves primarily to absorb splinters of the projectile and / or the sacrificial elements 9 which dissolve in the sacrificial layer 8, thereby preventing an effect of these fragments as secondary projectiles.

The sacrificial layer 8, in particular, enormously improves the multi-hit capability of ballistic protection.

In order to catch dissolving splinters of the projectile or the sacrificial elements 9, in particular on the attack side, the sacrificial layer on the attack side is preceded by an attack-side splinter-trapping layer 11, in the present embodiment made of aramid.

In the event that a bullet passes through the sacrificial layer 8 on the mold element composite 1 and damaged one or more mold elements 2, the mold element composite 1 is provided on the protective side with a protective side splinter trap layer 12.

According to the invention, the protective-side splinter-trapping layer 12 serves, by means of an impacting bullet, detached fragments of the element-element composite 1 to absorb and effectively prevent an effect of these as secondary projectiles.

In order to improve in particular the wearing comfort of the ballistic protection when it is used in a personal protection vest, provides a further advantageous embodiment of the invention that between the protective side splinter trap layer 12 and a person to be protected (not shown), a functional layer 13 is arranged.

The functional layer 13 is particularly advantageous heat and moisture-regulating design and serves primarily the recording and discharge under the ballistic protection forming moisture of a person wearing this.

In the event that an inventive ballistic protection as described above is extended by additional layers, the individual layers are each connected in a floating manner.
Due to the floating connection of the individual layers with each other, flexibility and adaptability of the ballistic protection, even when using several layers, remain particularly advantageous.

The FIGS. 3a and 3b show detailed views of a feature element 2 in a particular embodiment with three levels 4, 5 and 7.

By forming a form element composite 1 according to the invention of shaped elements 2 with three levels 4, 5, and 7, it is particularly advantageously possible that the shaped element composite 1 has neither line-shaped, nor punctiform penetrations through which a projectile could penetrate the mold element composite 1 unhindered.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a sacrificial element 9 with deflector edges 14th

Used reference signs

1

Form elements composite

2.1

first form element

2.2

second form element

3

backing

4

first level of the first formula element

5

second level of the second formula element

6

filling material

7

third level of the formula element

8th

sacrificial layer

9

sacrificial elements

10

potting compound

11

attacking splinter trap

12

protective splinter trap layer

13

functional layer

14

Deflektorkante

Claims (10)

1. A ballistic protection means, comprising a plurality of hard-ballistic shaped elements (2),
   wherein each of the shaped elements (2) has at least two congruent planes (4 and 5) which are arranged offset to each other in parallel and diagonally in direction plane and comprise a first plane (4) and a second plane (5), and the first plane (4) and the second plane (5) overlap each other in sections in an overlapping area and are connected materially surface to surface in this overlapping area,
   and each of the planes (4) and (5) has a constant thickness, wherein the majority of shaped elements (2.1) and (2.2) are fixed to one another in a shaped element assembly (1) in a position relative to each other in such a manner that the plane (5) of a shaped element (2) is overlapped in sections in an overlapping area by the first plane (4) of the adjacent shaped elements (2) so that the total overlapping area has a size approximately three times larger than the overlapping area, wherein a total area without height offset is formed by each of the at least two planes (4) and (5) of the shaped elements (2) in the shaped element assembly (1) and all shaped elements (2) are designed identically.
2. The ballistic protection means of claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the shaped elements (2) are coupled with a high-tensile carrier layer (3) on a side which is facing an object to be protected.
3. The ballistic protection means according to one of the previous claims,
   characterized in that
   a space being formed between the shaped elements (2) is provided with an elastic filling material (6).
4. The ballistic protection means according to one of the previous claims,
   characterized in that
   the shaped elements (2) are made of ceramic material.
5. The ballistic protection means according to one of the previous claims,
   characterized in that
   the shaped elements (2) are offset in a brickwork-like manner in the shaped element assembly.
6. The ballistic protection means according to one of the previous claims,
   characterized in that
   each of the shaped elements (2) has three planes (4), (5) and (7) which are positioned offset to each other.
7. The ballistic protection means of claim 1,
   characterized in that
   a sacrificial layer (8), comprising hard-ballistic sacrificial elements (9) embedded in a splinter-slowing casting compound (10), is provided in front of the shaped element assembly (1) surface which faces away from the object to be protected.
8. The ballistic protection means of claim 7,
   characterized in that
   the sacrificial layer (8) is additionally provided with a splinter-catching layer (11) placed in front of it at the attack-facing side.
9. The ballistic protection means according to one of the previous claims,
   characterized in that
   the shaped element assembly (11) is provided with a splinter-catching layer (12) at its side facing the object to be protected.
10. The ballistic protection means according to one of the previous claims,
    characterized in that
    the shaped element assembly (1) is provided with a moisture-regulating and/or temperature-regulating functional layer (13) at its side facing the object to be protected.

Images