EP2496896A1 - Unité de refroidissement compacte - Google Patents

Unité de refroidissement compacte

Info

Publication number
EP2496896A1
EP2496896A1 EP09748776A EP09748776A EP2496896A1 EP 2496896 A1 EP2496896 A1 EP 2496896A1 EP 09748776 A EP09748776 A EP 09748776A EP 09748776 A EP09748776 A EP 09748776A EP 2496896 A1 EP2496896 A1 EP 2496896A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
refrigeration unit
external
circuit
cold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09748776A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Elmar Sporer
Günter KIMMIG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aeteba GmbH
Original Assignee
Aeteba GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aeteba GmbH filed Critical Aeteba GmbH
Publication of EP2496896A1 publication Critical patent/EP2496896A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F25B29/006—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the sorption type system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
    • F25B27/007—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in sorption type systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/04—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for sorption type machines, plants or systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refrigeration unit for supplying a building with cold or cold and heat, comprising at least one absorption or
  • Adsorption refrigeration system and a heat generator which are integrated in a common, mobile housing. Furthermore, the invention relates to a solar
  • Cooling system having such a refrigeration unit.
  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling such a refrigeration unit for supplying a building with cold or cold and heat as well as a
  • Refrigeration technician, solar technician and circuit technician was required, but in the other fields of expertise do not have sufficient experience and knowledge, it came very often in the vote of the components to errors. As a result of these errors resulted in an inefficient operation of the entire system, with individual components could sometimes be damaged by misconnection and incorrect load.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art, and to propose a refrigeration unit, which can ensure an easy putting into operation as well as economical operation. Next it is task, a suitable one
  • a refrigeration unit for supplying a
  • Absorption or adsorption refrigeration system and a heat generator comprises, which are integrated in a common, mobile housing, wherein the refrigeration unit at least one pair of terminals for connection to at least one external
  • Has heat supply circuit through which the at least one absorption or adsorption refrigeration system is supplied with heat, and at least one
  • connection pair for connection to at least one external refrigeration discharge circuit, via which cold can be discharged from the refrigeration unit, and wherein the refrigeration unit further comprises a controller which the at least one external heat supply circuit and the at least one external
  • Refrigeration discharge circuit in dependence on the instantaneous performance of the at least one absorption or adsorption refrigeration system and the heat generator controls or regulates.
  • the object is achieved method for controlling a refrigeration unit for supplying a building with cold, which at least one external
  • Refrigerant discharge circuit in response to the instantaneous performance of the at least one absorption or adsorption refrigeration system and the heat generator controls.
  • An essential core idea of the present invention initially consists in the integration of the absorption or adsorption refrigeration system and the heat generator in a mobile housing.
  • the mobile housing allows both easy installation and commissioning of the refrigeration unit, on the other hand, the mobile
  • Housing be placed in a building so that a simple and economical interconnection can be made. Next, the relieved Mobility of the enclosure maintenance and replacement for more extensive maintenance.
  • controller which controls or regulates the at least one external heat supply circuit as well as the at least one external refrigerant discharge circuit in the most efficient and reasonable manner possible in an economically efficient and meaningful manner.
  • the regulation or control takes place here as a function of the instantaneous performance data of the at least one absorption or adsorption refrigeration system and of the heat generator accommodated in the refrigeration unit. Consequently, the control guarantees the most efficient possible course of the thermal processes taking place in the refrigeration unit at any given time, without this having previously been associated with the heat output of the refrigeration unit
  • a suitable control or regulation takes the refrigeration unit according to the invention also in relation to the at least one external refrigeration discharge circuit. If, for example, the at least one external heat supply circuit is supplied with heat by means of a solar thermal system, which in the case of excessive heat
  • Refrigeration unit possible to adjust the amount of discharged cold, for example, via a control of the at least one external refrigeration discharge circuit to changing operating conditions.
  • the components and circuits of essential function are matched to one another in an economically sensible manner, and are integrated in a single device.
  • This device can by simple interconnection with suitable, preferably with unmistakable mating connections of the at least one
  • Refrigeration discharge circuit can be easily put into operation.
  • the interconnection can take place in the sense of a simple "plug-and-play" method, the device then being able to be commissioned by the control or regulation, all components and circuits included and connected in economically meaningful way to control or regulate. Accordingly, the commissioning of such a refrigeration unit by a single expert or by a non-specialist can be made, the control of
  • Refrigeration unit takes over all the tasks that previously had to meet different specialists in consultation with each other.
  • this further comprises at least one connection pair for connection to at least one external auxiliary heat circuit, via which the at least one absorption or adsorption refrigeration system can be supplied either with cold or with heat, the controller controlling the at least one external auxiliary heat circuit also controls depending on the instantaneous performance of the at least one absorption or adsorption refrigeration system and the heat generator.
  • an auxiliary heat circuit can be designed as a recooling circuit or as a further heat supply circuit. A re-cooling can be done for example via air cooling or groundwater cooling. An additional heat supply, for example, heat from the air, from the ground
  • the at least one external auxiliary heat circuit is used in accordance with the thermal processes taking place in the at least one absorption or adsorption refrigeration system to provide further heat or cold in order to advance or enable the processes taking place there at a higher efficiency. Accordingly, the cooling capacity or heat output provided via the at least one external auxiliary heating circuit is also converted to at least one
  • connection pair for connection to at least one external
  • Heat release circuit via which heat from the refrigeration unit can be discharged, wherein the control of the at least one external
  • Heat release circuit also as a function of the instantaneous performance of the at least one absorption or adsorption refrigeration system and the
  • Heat generator controls or regulates.
  • thermal heat generated in the refrigeration unit can also be used for the use of the at least one external Heat release circuit are delivered. This is then ready, for example, for drinking water heating or for a use-specific heat release.
  • this further comprises at least one ORC system, which is connected between the at least one connection pair for connection to at least one external heat supply circuit and the at least one absorption or adsorption refrigeration system.
  • Refrigeration unit can therefore be supplemented on its thermal drive side with an ORC system (Organic Rankine Cycle system).
  • ORC system Organic Rankine Cycle system
  • the ORC plant operates a generator with a working fluid other than water vapor.
  • ORC processes are always used when the available temperature gradient between heat source and
  • ORC plants are typically operated with R134a, which is heated with highly heated fluid and its excess heat to a generator for power generation and to a heat exchanger for
  • Refrigeration unit included ORC plant are called piston, screw or
  • Control by the controller also in dependence of other external performance data, in particular of performance data for the state description of external circuits takes place.
  • sensors and / or measuring systems are typically provided in the external circuits, so that the performance data of the respective circuits can be detected and forwarded to the controller.
  • the sensors and / or measuring systems are suitable, the
  • Temperature to detect the flow and / or flow in the circuits. Furthermore, the temperature and the radiation in the environment can also be detected, for example in order to characterize environmental conditions in which the refrigeration unit or other components interacting with it work. With the aid of the sensors and / or measuring systems, an actual state can thus be detected, which can be adjusted or adjusted by the controller according to a desired state.
  • the controller also controls or regulates the at least one absorption or adsorption refrigeration system and / or the heat generator.
  • the components in the refrigeration unit are adjusted or adjusted in a suitable manner in interaction with the external circuits.
  • the current operating conditions in the control are always taken into account in order to ensure the economic and energy efficiency of the refrigeration unit as well as of the refrigeration unit
  • the heat generator is an electric heat pump or a combustion heat generator.
  • a combustion heat generator may be a fossil fuel fired heat generator.
  • this has a cooling capacity of at least 5 kW, in particular of at least 10 kW and preferably of at least 20 kW. Consequently, not only smaller private residential buildings, but also industrial or public buildings with sufficient
  • connection pairs on the refrigeration unit are preferably also free from confusion. This also applies to possible electrical connections which are provided for the supply of electrical energy or for the discharge of electrical energy, if it is generated in the refrigeration unit, for example by an ORC system.
  • this is the object of proposing a cooling system using a previously described refrigeration unit, which works as economically as possible and is also suitable for private use.
  • a cooling system which can be easily put into operation and also works mostly self-sufficient energy.
  • a solar thermal system for the fluidic connection to the at least one external heat supply circuit
  • a building-based consumer system for fluidic connection to the at least one external cooling discharge circuit and / or to the at least one external heat release circuit.
  • a refrigeration unit for providing cold or cold and heat for
  • Building cooling according to the embodiments described above can generally be operated with all known types of heat supply sources. These include, in particular, solar heat sources, groundwater heat source, geothermal, outdoor air or waste heat. If a plurality of heat sources for operating the refrigeration unit is possible, according to a preferred embodiment, the solar thermal system is given priority by suitable control or regulation, if such is provided. In the case of a particularly simple embodiment of the solar cooling system, this only has a solar heat source. Furthermore, the solar cooling system can also with a
  • Refrigeration unit are operated largely energy self-sufficient, so that no further maintenance costs have to be applied to the energy supply for the user.
  • sensors are provided in at least one of the external circuits, which allow to detect the circuit state by measurement and to supply the measurement data to the controller.
  • sensors typically sensors for detecting the temperature, the flow and the flow or the pressure are provided. According to the measured values transmitted to the control, a suitable setting of individual circuits can take place or in another
  • Embodiment also a suitable setting of the refrigeration unit components included, such as the absorption or adsorption refrigeration system and the
  • the functional state is typically determined by sensors for measuring the lighting conditions, temperature conditions or even rain or snow conditions, which can be concluded, which heat output can be made available by means of solar thermal system.
  • the execution can be taken in insufficient lighting conditions for the production of heat in the solar thermal system of the recorded in the refrigeration unit heat generator in operation to provide additional heat output. If, at a later date, the lighting conditions improve again for heat generation in the solar thermal system, the heat generator can be taken out of operation again to save energy and the
  • Switched buffer which is provided for storing heated fluid from the solar thermal system.
  • the buffer memory is used in particular as direct heat source of the refrigeration unit, if sufficient but strongly fluctuating solar radiation via the at least one external
  • Heat supply circuit can be provided on average over time sufficient heat to operate the at least one absorption or Adsorptionshimltemaschine.
  • Refrigeration unit with sufficient solar radiation d. H. with sufficiently provided heat of the solar generated heat always takes precedence over a heat supply by the heat generator. The generation of heat via the heat generator is thus prevented in such cases by the controller. Only when the solar generated heat output or the buffer memory can no longer meet the needs of the refrigeration unit, additional heat output is required by the
  • Heat generator or by a to the at least one external
  • Auxiliary heat circuit connected to connected heat source.
  • Ambient lighting conditions can also be a series circuit of
  • Solar thermal system and another outdoor air unit be advantageous. Such can be provided manually when needed, or by switching by means of a suitable control technology done.
  • the solar cooling system is in the at least one external refrigeration discharge circuit and / or in the at least one external heat output circuit between the consumer system and the at least one pair of terminals of the at least one external refrigeration discharge circuit and / or between the at least one pair of terminals for connection of the at least one external Heat release circuit connected at least one mixed water storage, which is provided for the storage of hot and / or cold fluid from the refrigeration unit.
  • a mixed water storage can in the sense of
  • Stratified storage be designed as a combined hot and cold water storage.
  • the mixed water storage can be further designed so that it has a
  • the mixed water storage can have a suitable hydraulic, fluidic interconnection, which allows the
  • Next can also be used in heat demand, for example, to operate a consumer system in a Building, are taken from the mixed water tank from above warm fluid or in the case of cooling demand, down from the memory cool fluid.
  • the hydraulic fluidic interconnection can on the one hand by hand and by automatic control or regulation of hydraulic or magnetic valves
  • such a hydraulic fluidic interconnection can allow a switch from a summer to a winter operation, wherein in summer operation preferably cool fluid and in winter operation preferably warm fluid is removed.
  • the use of such a mixed water storage tank consequently allows the provision of typically two water storage tanks to be combined in one and consequently saves the operator costs and unnecessary space utilization.
  • the solar cooling system can be distinguished by the fact that in the absence of solar radiation, the refrigeration unit is not driven by the heat generated by solar energy but by the heat generator.
  • the heat of both heat sources can be used for heating a consumer system in case of insufficient heat supply for cooling according to another embodiment of the refrigeration unit.
  • the operation of the refrigeration unit is in this case a heat pump. Due to this dual function of the refrigeration unit, an ammonia-operated absorption refrigeration machine is advantageously suitable for use in the refrigeration unit, since it can also utilize source temperatures below zero degrees Celsius with high efficiency. For other temperature levels, like them
  • the method for controlling a refrigeration unit it can be provided that it furthermore also contains the at least one external auxiliary heat circuit and / or at least one external auxiliary circuit
  • Heat release circuit in response to the instantaneous performance of the at least one absorption or adsorption refrigeration system and the heat generator controls. Accordingly, all necessary for the operation of the refrigeration unit or
  • the controller can continue to absorb or
  • Control adsorption refrigeration system and the heat generator in the refrigeration unit or regulate can thus be designed as a general control, which all components participating in refrigeration and circuits or controls
  • Refrigeration unit is controlled by the appropriate control of
  • fluidic elements in the refrigeration unit in particular via the appropriate control of pumps and chokes.
  • the control can take place in particular via a combination of pumps and throttles, so that all cycles involved in the refrigeration are controlled or regulated in an economically sensible manner.
  • the controller further takes into account measured values of the instantaneous performance data of the at least one absorption or
  • Adsorption refrigeration system and the heat generator Adsorption refrigeration system and the heat generator.
  • Such measured values can be detected by suitably mounted sensors, in particular temperature sensors and flow and flow sensors, these sensors either providing measured values at specific predetermined time intervals, or they can also provide these in real time.
  • a control or regulation based on measured values allows an efficient control or regulation with regard to the economic operation of the refrigeration unit.
  • the controller to take into account measured values of the instantaneous performance data for the status description of the external circuits and / or for the description of the functional status of further external components.
  • typically sensors and / or measuring systems are provided in the external circuits, which detect the performance data and transmit it to the controller on.
  • performance data typically relates to temperature, flow and flow in the circuits.
  • the external temperature and the external light radiation can also be detected in order to characterize, for example, environmental conditions in which the refrigeration unit or other components or components interacting with it (for example a solar thermal system) operate.
  • an actual state can be detected, which by means of the controller according to a
  • Target state can be adjusted or adjusted. This can be done with the changes be tracked in real time, so that the control or regulation can adapt to the changing circumstances suitably.
  • the controller takes into account an improvement in the energy efficiency of the refrigeration unit. This takes into account the
  • Refrigeration unit is involved.
  • the possible provision of regenerative and thus economically preferable energy sources is involved.
  • controller can also take into account the thermodynamic characteristic data of individual process steps in the refrigeration unit, which can also be adjusted energy-efficiently with regard to the amount of energy consumed and lost.
  • the controller can fall below a
  • the refrigeration unit with no longer sufficient cooling or cooling capacity, for example, in winter in low light conditions, provide additional heat that can be used in the original building to be cooled for heating purposes or for heat treatment purposes.
  • the controller may allow switching by manual input of a user, so that if desired, the cooling unit can also be available at any time in terms of a heat pump.
  • Refrigeration unit allows the controller to an external cooling unit
  • the withdrawn hot water can be available for example as drinking water or service water or for heating purposes.
  • the extracted cold water can also be removed for the treatment of drinking water or for cooling purposes.
  • Refrigeration unit may therefore be suitable, in addition to the control or regulation of all recorded in the refrigeration unit components, the at least one external heat supply circuit, the at least one cold discharge circuit, the at least one external auxiliary heat circuit and the at least one external heat release circuit to control or control. Consequently, it is achieved that the components or circuits in each case in an economically meaningful
  • Performance requirements and the performance of individual components are performed, which are taken into account in the control or regulation of the overall system.
  • Refrigeration systems are that they allow only an insufficient storage of cooled fluid in order to provide the building with cold even for longer periods.
  • a suitable thermally insulated tank to remove it from them if necessary, but this storage is unsuitable for a refrigeration unit, which can be switched on request and by means of suitable control in a heat pump.
  • Switching to a heat pump is switched.
  • it is an object to propose a water storage, which can be efficiently integrated into a solar cooling system.
  • This task is done by a mixed water storage to supply a
  • the mixed water storage is designed as stratified storage and an upper section and a lower Section, from which water can be removed or supplied, further comprising a number of fluidic elements, in particular valves, on which either hot water can be removed from the upper section and at the same time relatively colder water from the external delivery circuit can be returned to the lower section, or cold water can be taken from the lower section and at the same time relatively warmer water can be introduced from the external delivery circuit in the upper section.
  • the simultaneous and reversible removal of cold and relatively warmer water or warm and relatively colder water from the mixed water storage can use this relatively flexible even with changing conditions of use.
  • the mixed water storage allows further to introduce warm water from an external supply circuit in the upper section and at the same time to remove relatively colder water from the lower section, or to remove cold water from the lower section and at the same time relatively warmer water in the upper Introduce section. Consequently, the mixed water storage is connected to two external circuits, via which water can be removed and / or supplied simultaneously.
  • the stratification can be improved in the mixed water storage with water extraction or addition of water also by means of suitable technical measures.
  • suitably shaped nozzle tubes or separating plates (perforated plates) are conceivable.
  • this is designed as a hydraulic switch.
  • Withdrawal quantities in comparison to the supply quantities from the delivery circuit and / or the supply circuit can be expected with changing pressure conditions in the mixed water storage, so that this can compensate for these pressure differences in the sense of a hydraulic separator.
  • a hydraulic switch can also be used separately
  • Mixed water storage be provided, which cooperates with the mixed water storage and changing in the connected lines
  • the fluidic elements are hydraulically switchable multiway valves, magnetic multiway valves or electric motor switchable multiway valves.
  • a fluid connection network can be created, which allows the mixed water storage tank to be charged with warm water at the top, while relatively cold water is taken from below or supplied with cold water at the bottom, while relatively warm water is taken from above.
  • these temperature probes allow to accurately determine the water temperature in the upper portion and the water temperature in the lower portion.
  • These detection values may be provided to a suitable controller which appropriately controls the supply of a building with cold or warm water on the basis of these values.
  • a suitable controller which appropriately controls the supply of a building with cold or warm water on the basis of these values.
  • a larger number of temperature probes provided in the mixed-water storage tank which can detect the exact temperature profile in the mixed-water storage tank.
  • fluidic elements are designed to the warm water, which is taken from the upper section, recycled, relatively colder water from the external delivery circuit for conditioning the flow temperature
  • the admixture of recycled, relatively colder water to the warm water and / or the admixture of recirculated, relatively warmer water to the cold water is controlled or regulated according to a desired value of the flow temperature.
  • This setpoint value can be recorded in a table in a heating and / or cooling curve, or can be calculated in advance according to a predetermined function. It can be controlled by means of an internal or external control.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the mobile housing a
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic functional sketch of an embodiment of the refrigeration unit according to the invention and of a solar cooling system
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic functional diagram of another embodiment of the refrigeration unit according to the invention and a solar
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic functional sketch of a further embodiment of the refrigeration unit according to the invention and of a solar system
  • Fig. 5 is a schematicêtssskizze another embodiment of the refrigeration unit according to the invention and a solar
  • 6a shows a schematic functional sketch of an embodiment of a mixed water storage device according to the invention for the provision of warm water
  • Fig. 6b is a schematicêtssskizze an embodiment of a mixed water storage according to the invention for the provision of cold water.
  • Fig. 1 shows a view of a mobile housing 100 with a therein
  • the illustrated housing 100 has a width of about 0.8 meters, a depth of one meter and a height of about 1.8 meters. Furthermore, it can have transport-assisting aids that facilitate mobile use. This is especially think of suitably mounted roles.
  • the pairs of terminals 21, 22, 23, 24 shown can represent standardized connection pairs whose embodiment already conveys to the person skilled in the art to what kind of
  • the mobile housing 100 has a connection pair 21 for connection to at least one external heat supply circuit 31 (not shown in the present case), which supplies heat to the refrigeration unit 1 accommodated in the mobile housing 100. Furthermore, the mobile housing 100 has a connection pair 22 for
  • the refrigeration unit 1 can also deliver heat via a heat release circuit 34 (not shown here), which is provided on the connection pair 24 for connection.
  • a heat release circuit 34 (not shown here)
  • an external auxiliary heating circuit 33 (not shown in the present case) can be connected via the mobile housing 100 to the connection pair 23, which can additionally supply the refrigeration unit 1 with cold or heat if required.
  • the mobile housing 100 has a
  • Refrigeration unit 1 if necessary to supply with electrical energy or dissipate them for use in generating electrical energy by means of a generator in the housing 100 for use.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of
  • Refrigeration unit 1 according to the invention or an embodiment of the invention
  • the refrigeration unit 1 comprises a
  • Absorption chiller 11 which has an absorber 111, a desorber 112, a condenser 113 and an evaporator 114. To supply the
  • a solar thermal system 40 which via a heat supply circuit 31 and two housed therein pumps 51 and 52 and a buffer storage 50 received therein and interposed supply the absorption chiller 11 with heated fluid.
  • the buffer memory 50 serves in particular as a direct heat source, in which in the
  • the illustrated solar cooling system comprises an auxiliary heating circuit 33 which cooperates with a pump 52 accommodated in the refrigerating unit 1 and allows the absorber 111 of the refrigerating machine 11 to be cooled back.
  • this auxiliary thermal circuit 33 can also be used for heat supply, if a suitable heat supply source (ambient air heat source,
  • the refrigeration unit 1 comprises a heat generator 12, which in the present case is designed as a heat pump 12.
  • the heat generator 12 in this case comprises a
  • the heat generator 12 comprises a condenser 122, via which heat is released and discharged via suitable circuits to the outside.
  • the heat generator 12 comprises a compressor 123 and a throttle 124 connected between the evaporator 121 and the condenser 122.
  • the heat released in the condenser 122 can be sent via a heat release circuit 34 to a suitable drinking water storage 80 and to a mixed water storage 70 for supplying a consumer installation 60 (FIG. not shown here) are delivered.
  • the refrigeration unit 1 also has a controller 40 which allows to control pumps 52, 53, 54 and 55. These pumps 52, 53, 54 and 55 are each individually the control or regulation of the heat supply circuit 31, the auxiliary heat circuit 33, the cold discharge circuit 32 and the
  • Heat release circuit 34 can still take over the control or regulation of other components in the refrigeration unit 1.
  • Absorption refrigeration machine 11 and a control or regulation of the compressor 123 of the heat generator 12 conceivable.
  • Other components of both Absorption refrigeration machine 11 and the heat generator 12 can be controlled by the controller 40.
  • the controller is also capable of switching between the condenser 113 and the evaporator 114, thus employing the absorption chiller 11 as a heat pump, for example in winter for heating purposes. Switching is carried out according to the hydraulic design.
  • the controller 40 can also control or regulate components arranged outside the refrigeration unit 1.
  • the controller 40 may be adapted to control the pump 51 in the external heat supply circuit 31.
  • the refrigeration unit 1 may also have suitable line arrangements (not shown) with suitable terminals (not shown), by means of which corresponding control signals or control signals can be discharged or introduced from the cooling unit 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic functional sketch of a further embodiment of a refrigeration unit 1 according to the invention and of a solar cooling system whose
  • the controller 40 is not shown here for reasons of clarity.
  • the heat generator 12 is not designed as a heat pump, which is downstream of the absorption chiller 11, but as a combustion heat generator 12 for the combustion of fossil fuels, and which is upstream of the absorption chiller and can supply them with additional heat if necessary.
  • Such an arrangement is particularly suitable when the absorption chiller 11 is to be used as a heat pump, whereby the heat generated in the heat generator 12 directly into the
  • Heat release circuit 34 can be fed and the absorption chiller 11 bypasses.
  • the controller 40 of the refrigeration unit 1 controls or regulates not only in Fig. 2 illustrated fluid power elements and the heat generation in the
  • Heat generator 12 The further operation of the solar cooling system shown in FIG. 3 or the refrigeration unit 1 shown will be apparent to those skilled in the art on the basis of the functional diagram.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a refrigeration unit 1 according to the invention or a further embodiment of a solar refrigeration system, wherein the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG the provision of an ORC system 13 is different.
  • the controller 40 is again not shown in the present case for reasons of clarity.
  • the ORC system 13 in this case comprises an evaporator 131 and a generator 132, which is provided for generating electrical current.
  • the ORC system 13 comprises a plurality of heat exchangers 133, 134 and 135, via which the heat or waste heat generated in the ORC process is repeatedly converted.
  • the ORC system 13 is connected downstream of the heat generator 12 and the absorption chiller 11th
  • the absorption chiller 11 is here again suitable to act as a heat pump.
  • the waste heat generated in the ORC process after the generation of electrical energy in the generator 132 is partially recovered for the ORC process by means of the heat exchanger 134 and partially released via the heat exchanger 133 to the desorber 112 of the absorption chiller 11.
  • the recovered heat becomes the ORC process again
  • a residual cooling of the ORC process in the ORC system 13 is also achieved via the auxiliary heating circuit 33, which is equipped with a recooling unit (not provided with reference numerals) and can also recool the absorption chiller 11. Further, the controller 40 may also control or regulate components of the ORC system.
  • the further function of the embodiment of the refrigeration unit 1 shown in FIG. 4 as well as the embodiment of the solar cooling system will be apparent to a person skilled in the art on the basis of the functional diagram.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a refrigeration unit 1 according to the invention or a further embodiment of the solar refrigeration system, wherein the refrigeration unit shown in FIG. 5 illustrated embodiment of the in Fig. 4 embodiment only differs in that the heat generator 12 is no longer designed as a combustion heat generator, but is now present as a heat pump 12, which is connected downstream of the absorption chiller 11.
  • This relative switching arrangement of the absorption chiller 11 and the heat generator 12 thus corresponds to a Fig. 2 arrangement shown.
  • the heat generator 12 designed as a heat pump permits additional cooling via the evaporator 121 as well as additional heat via the condenser 122.
  • the provided cold is here in particular to the
  • Absorption cooling machine 11 transmit, wherein the heat provided also for heating purposes to a consumer installation installed in the building can be delivered.
  • the controller 40 is again for the sake of
  • Fig. 6a and Fig. 6b show a schematic representation of a mixed water storage 70 according to a uniform embodiment.
  • the mixed water reservoir 70 has in both cases a water vapor diffusion-tight tank, which is suitably thermally insulated.
  • this tank has an upper portion 71, and a lower portion 72, between which portions 71, 72 water
  • Mixed water storage 70 also includes a conduit network with fluidic elements that allows either hot water from the upper section
  • this conduit network also allows cold water to be withdrawn from the lower portion 72 of the mixed water storage 70 via the lower branch of the delivery loop 35, while at the same time introducing relatively warmer water from the upper branch of the discharge loop 35 via the upper portion 71 of the mixed water storage 70.
  • the line network comprised by the mixed-water storage device here has three three-way magnetic valves 73a, 73b and 73c
  • the mixed water reservoir 70 according to the circuit arrangement shown in Fig. 6a is typically used for heating operation, for example in winter, wherein from the upper portion 71 of the mixed water storage 70, warm water is removed and the lower branch of the discharge circuit 35 is supplied.
  • the relatively colder water returned to the upper branch of the delivery loop 35 may be partially added to the lower branch of the delivery loop 35 and partially be introduced into the lower portion of the mixed water storage 70. To this sometimes simultaneous removal and return of water in the
  • the three-way valve 73b is preferably designed as a metering valve.
  • the in Fig. 6b illustrated mixed water storage 70 corresponds to that in FIG. 6a shown mixed water storage tank 70 from its construction.
  • a circuit arrangement as may be present, for example, to provide cold, for example in the summer.
  • 70 water is removed from the lower portion 72 of the mixed water storage and fed to the lower branches of the discharge circuit 35.
  • the relatively warmer water, which is returned in the upper branch of the discharge circuit 35, is partially introduced into the upper portion of the mixed water storage tank 70 and partially to the lower branch of the discharge circuit 35 when needed
  • Mixed water storage 70 typically prevails a temperature level of 35 ° C and prevails in the lower portion 72 of the mixed water storage tank 70 typically a temperature level of 25 ° C. As those skilled in the art will understand, these temperatures are only to be understood as examples, with a physically sensible temperature gradient being able to form in the mixed-water reservoir 70, depending on the circumstances.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une unité de refroidissement pour fournir à un bâtiment refroidissement ou refroidissement et chaleur, comprenant au moins une installation de refroidissement par absorption ou adsorption (11) ainsi qu'un générateur de chaleur (12) qui sont intégrés dans un logement commun mobile. L'unité de refroidissement présente au moins une paire de raccords (21) pour le raccordement à au moins un circuit d'approvisionnement en chaleur extérieur (31) par l'intermédiaire duquel cette installation de refroidissement par absorption ou adsorption est approvisionnée en chaleur, ainsi qu'au moins une paire de raccords (22) pour le raccordement à au moins un circuit de distribution de froid extérieur (32) par l'intermédiaire duquel du froid peut être distribué à partir de l'unité de refroidissement. L'unité de refroidissement comprend en outre une commande (40) qui commande ou régule ce circuit d'approvisionnement en chaleur extérieur ainsi que ce circuit de distribution de froid extérieur en fonction des données de capacité momentanée de l'installation de refroidissement par absorption ou adsorption.
EP09748776A 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Unité de refroidissement compacte Withdrawn EP2496896A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2009/064624 WO2011054383A1 (fr) 2009-11-04 2009-11-04 Unité de refroidissement compacte

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EP2496896A1 true EP2496896A1 (fr) 2012-09-12

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WO (1) WO2011054383A1 (fr)

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MX2013006496A (es) 2010-12-10 2013-12-02 Vaporgenics Inc Maquina termica universal.
DE102011115018A1 (de) 2011-06-21 2013-01-10 Günter Kreitz Sonnenkollektoren, Heizkörper, Kühlkörper
DE102012011814A1 (de) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-19 Christian Blomberg Hydraulische Weiche
CN103307803B (zh) * 2013-05-08 2015-04-01 南京溧马新能源科技有限公司 一种复合利用能量的冷、热水供应装置
GB2534850A (en) * 2015-01-30 2016-08-10 Carillion Energy Services Ltd Service supply systems
SK8540Y1 (sk) * 2018-01-18 2019-09-03 Heloro S R O Spôsob a systém chladenia pri výrobe tepla spaľovaním
CN108895708B (zh) * 2018-05-16 2020-07-28 江苏科技大学 一种余热梯级回收利用装置及工作方法
US11137177B1 (en) 2019-03-16 2021-10-05 Vaporgemics, Inc Internal return pump

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JPS58195763A (ja) * 1982-05-12 1983-11-15 株式会社日立製作所 太陽熱利用吸収式冷温水機の運転装置
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DE10246721A1 (de) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-09 Hochschule Wismar Fachhochschu Integriertes solares Energiesystem zur dezentralen multifunktionellen Energiebereitstellung
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