EP2487138A1 - Dispositif de traitement de l'eau et chauffe-eau - Google Patents
Dispositif de traitement de l'eau et chauffe-eau Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2487138A1 EP2487138A1 EP10821739A EP10821739A EP2487138A1 EP 2487138 A1 EP2487138 A1 EP 2487138A1 EP 10821739 A EP10821739 A EP 10821739A EP 10821739 A EP10821739 A EP 10821739A EP 2487138 A1 EP2487138 A1 EP 2487138A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- water
- water softening
- treatment
- softening means
- switching valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 538
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 6
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D57/00—Separation, other than separation of solids, not fully covered by a single other group or subclass, e.g. B03C
- B01D57/02—Separation, other than separation of solids, not fully covered by a single other group or subclass, e.g. B03C by electrophoresis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/48—Apparatus therefor having one or more compartments filled with ion-exchange material, e.g. electrodeionisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/54—Controlling or regulating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/0092—Devices for preventing or removing corrosion, slime or scale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/4602—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for prevention or elimination of deposits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
- C02F2103/023—Water in cooling circuits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4612—Controlling or monitoring
- C02F2201/46145—Fluid flow
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4612—Controlling or monitoring
- C02F2201/4615—Time
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/003—Downstream control, i.e. outlet monitoring, e.g. to check the treating agents, such as halogens or ozone, leaving the process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/05—Conductivity or salinity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/44—Time
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/22—Eliminating or preventing deposits, scale removal, scale prevention
Definitions
- the present invention relates a technique for providing a user with softened water in a maintenance-free manner or for preventing scale from being produced in a pipe of the water heater.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of such a conventional water heater which prevents scale from being produced in a pipe.
- a raw water supply pipe 101 which is a water passage through which water is supplied to a bathing water heater is connected to a lower portion of an electrolysis apparatus 103 and an upper portion of the water softening apparatus 113 through a three-way valve 102.
- the three-way valve 102 switches the raw water supply pipe 101 so that water is supplied to the water softening apparatus 113 when water is to be obtained and water is supplied to the electrolysis apparatus 103 when a regenerating treatment is to be performed.
- the electrolysis apparatus 103 is partitioned into an anode chamber 107 and a cathode chamber 108 by a porous diaphragm 104, e.g., an unglazed diaphragm, and electrodes 105 and 106 are disposed in the anode chamber 107 and the cathode chamber 108, respectively.
- An acid-water outlet pipe 110 is connected to an upper portion of the anode chamber 107 through a three-way valve 111.
- the acid-water outlet pipe 110 is further connected to a water supply pipe 123 leading to the bathtub 121 through the three-way valve 118 and the upper portion of the water softening apparatus 113 into which a positive ion-exchanging resin 112 is charged.
- the three-way valves 111 and 118 are switched so that water is supplied to the water softening apparatus 113 when the ion-exchanging resin is regenerated, and water is supplied to the water supply pipe 123 leading to the bathtub 121 when taking an acid bath.
- An alkaline water outlet pipe 109 is connected to an upper portion of the cathode chamber 108, and the alkaline water outlet pipe 109 is also connected to the drain pipe 122 and the drinking water pipe 120 through a three-way valve 119.
- the three-way valve 119 is switched so that water is supplied to the drinking water pipe 120 when drinking alkaline water, and water is discharged from a drain pipe 122 except when drinking water.
- a bathing water heater 117 is connected to a lower portion of the water softening apparatus 113 through a three-way valve 114, a drain pipe 115 and a pipe 116. In the above configuration, water passes through the raw water supply pipe 101.
- the three-way valve 102 is switched, and water is supplied from an upper portion of the water softening apparatus 113 into which the positive ion-exchanging resin 112 is charged.
- Positive ion such as calcium and magnesium in water is replaced by hydrogen ion by a positive ion-exchanging resin 112, and soft water is supplied from a pipe 123 to the bathtub 121 through the pipe 116 and the bathing water heater 117.
- the positive ion-exchanging resin is to be regenerated, the three-way valve 102 switched, and water is supplied to the electrolysis apparatus 103.
- the anode chamber 107 and the cathode chamber 108 are formed in the electrolysis apparatus 103 by the diaphragm 104 such that these chambers are separated from each other, and the electrodes 105 and 106 are disposed in the anode chamber 107 and the cathode chamber 108, respectively.
- the three-way valve 111 is switched so that acid water obtained by the anode chamber 107 is supplied from the upper portion of the water softening apparatus 113.
- the three-way valve 114 is switched toward the drain pipe 115 so that water is not supplied to the bathing water heater 117.
- the three-way valves 111 and 118 are switched and acid water obtained by the anode chamber 107 is supplied to the bathtub 121 through the pipes 110 and 123.
- the three-way valve 118 is switched, acid water is not supplied to the bathing water heater 117.
- the three-way valve 119 is switched.
- the positive ion-exchanging resin As described above, it is possible to remove hardness component such as calcium and magnesium in water by the positive ion-exchanging resin, and to prevent scale from adhering to the bathing water heater pipe and the bathtub. According to this, it is possible to reduce frequency of a cleaning treatment of the bathtub. Since the positive ion-exchanging resin is regenerated by acid water obtained by the electrolysis of water, it is unnecessary to supply salt and soft water can continuously be supplied. If acid water is supplied to the bathtub, it is possible to enjoy acid bath, and to drink alkaline water in a bathroom. As a technique for softening water, there is a technique using a water-splitting ion-exchange film (see patent document 2).
- a water-splitting ion-exchange film including two layers, i.e., a positive ion-exchange layer and a negative ion-exchange layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes. If the electrodes are energized, a hardness component adheres to a surface of the water-splitting ion-exchange film, and water is softened. If a polarity is reversed and voltage is applied, water is dissociated at an interface between the positive ion-exchange layer and the negative ion-exchange layer, and the water-splitting ion-exchange film can be regenerated by the hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion produced by the dissociation.
- a hardness component adheres to a surface of the water-splitting ion-exchange film, ion exchange is conducted, and the hardness component is removed.
- voltage is applied to the electrode, water is dissociated at the interface of the water-splitting ion-exchange film in which the hardness component is ion-exchanged, the hydrogen ion and the hydroxide ion are produced and the resin is regenerated.
- the apparatus since the water softening treatment and the regenerating treatment can be performed in one apparatus, the apparatus is simple in configuration, a space can be saved, it is possible to perform the water softening treatment and the regenerating treatment, and this is an effective water softening technique that can be applied to water heaters.
- this is an effective water softening technique that can be applied to water heaters.
- the technique using the water-splitting film is applied to the water heater, it is necessary to softening a large quantity of, e.g., a few hundred liters of raw water continuously and to boil the water in the hot water tank.
- Patent document 2 proposes a method in which a plurality of water softening apparatuses are installed, regenerating treatments of the water softening apparatuses are alternately performed, and the water softening treatments are performed in the plurality of water softening apparatuses.
- the present invention provides a water treatment device comprising first water softening means and second water softening means, characterized in that each of the first water softening means and the second water softening means includes a casing, a pair of electrodes, a water-splitting ion-exchange having a positive ion exchanger and a negative ion-exchanger, and a flow path which is in contact with a surface of the water-splitting ion-exchange are provided in the casing, the water treatment device further comprises control means, the control means controls such that after the first water softening means is made to perform a water softening treatment of a predetermined flow rate, the water softening treatment of the first water softening means is stopped, the second water softening means is made to perform the water softening treatment, and after the second water softening means is made to perform the water softening treatment of a predetermined flow rate, the water softening treatment of the second water softening means is stopped, the first water softening means
- the ion-exchanging capacity of the water-splitting ion-exchanger if a treatment flow rate of water that can be treated by one of the water softening means groups reaches a limit, the other water softening means group performs the water softening treatment, and the water softening means alternately performs the water softening treatment. Therefore, even if the water-splitting ion-exchanges has a small ion-exchanging capacity, it is possible to continuously softening a large quantity of water.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a compact water treatment device having a simple configuration and capable of continuously treating a large quantity of water into soft water having stable hardness, and to provide and a compact water heater having the water treatment device.
- a first aspect of the present invention provides a water treatment device comprising first water softening means and second water softening means, characterized in that each of the first water softening means and the second water softening means includes a casing, a pair of electrodes, a water-splitting ion-exchange having a positive ion exchanger and a negative ion-exchanger, and a flow path which is in contact with a surface of the water-splitting ion-exchange are provided in the casing, the water treatment device further comprises control means, the control means controls such that after the first water softening means is made to perform a water softening treatment of a predetermined flow rate, the water softening treatment of the first water softening means is stopped, the second water softening means is made to perform the water softening treatment, and after the second water softening means is made to perform the water softening treatment of a predetermined flow rate, the water softening treatment of the second water softening means is stopped, the first water
- the ion-exchanging capacity of the water-splitting ion-exchanger if a treatment flow rate of water that can be treated by one of the water softening means groups reaches a limit, the other water softening means group performs the water softening treatment, and the water softening means alternately performs the water softening treatment. Therefore, even if the water-splitting ion-exchanges has a small ion-exchanging capacity, it is possible to continuously softening a large quantity of water.
- the water softening treatment if the same number of water softening means groups allays performs the water softening treatment, a flow rate of water to be treated is constant and is stable.
- water can be treated into soft water having stable hardness, and it is possible to supply hot water with a constant and stable flow rate to a user.
- a boiling temperature at the water heating means can be maintained at a constant temperature. Since the water softening treatment and the regenerating treatment can be performed in one apparatus, the apparatus is simple in configuration and a space can be saved.
- the water treatment device further comprises a first water softening means group including the first water softening means and at least one more first water softening means, and a second water softening means group including the second water softening means and at least one more second water softening means, characterized in that while the first water softening means group performs the water softening treatment, the control means makes the second water softening means group perform a regenerating treatment, and while the second water softening means group performs the water softening treatment, the control means makes the first water softening means group perform the regenerating treatment.
- next water softening treatment can be performed in a state where first or second water softening means is always regenerated. Therefore, even when the first and second water softening means groups are alternately switched and operated, soft water having stable hardness can continuously be supplied.
- the first water softening means group and the second water softening means group are disposed in parallel, a first flow passage switching valve is provided downstream of the first water softening means group, a second flow passage switching valve is provided downstream of the second water softening means group, and the control means switches the first flow passage switching valve, and switches the second flow passage switching valve, thereby making the first water softening means group perform the water softening treatment and making the second water softening means group perform the water softening treatment.
- alternate operations of the water softening treatment can be performed by the first and second water softening means.
- the other water softening means closes the flow passage switching valve, and the other water softening means is regenerated. According to this, the water treatment device can be ready for a next water softening treatment.
- the first flow passage switching valve and the second flow passage switching valve are three-way valves, one of outflow ports of each of the three-way valves is provided with a water pipe, and the other flow port of the three-way valve is provided with a drain pipe.
- water softening treatments of the first and second water softening means can be switched by the three-way valve, water passages are switched and concentrated water at the time of the regenerating treatment can be discharged to the drain pipe, and it is possible to easily switch the water passages for drainage when the water softening treatment and the regenerating treatment are performed with a small number of constituent parts.
- a path of a water pipe is provided with a flowmeter, and the control means switches the first flow passage switching valve and switches the second flow passage switching valve by a signal from the flowmeter.
- the water treatment device further comprises a timer, characterized in that the control means switches the first flow passage switching valve and switches the second flow passage switching valve by a signal from the timer.
- treatment time during which one of the water softening means can treat is set from the flow rate and the ion-exchanging capacity of the water-splitting ion-exchanger, and when the water softening means performs the water softening treatment during the set treatment time, the first and second water softening means are switched, and the water softening treatment can be performed. Therefore, it is possible to always supply soft water having appropriate hardness.
- conductivity meters are disposed downstream of the first water softening means group and downstream of the second water softening means group, respectively, and the control means switches the first flow passage switching valve and switches the second flow passage switching valve by signals from the respective conductivity meters.
- the first and second water softening means can be switched in accordance with conductivity having high interrelationship with hardness and the water softening treatment can be performed. Therefore, it is possible to supply soft water having further stable hardness.
- an eighth aspect of the invention especially in the first aspect, in each of the first water softening means and the second water softening means, an upper portion of the casing is provided with an outlet through which softened water and concentrated water produced by the regenerating treatment flow out. According to this, gas generated when the regenerating treatment is performed can be discharged outside without accumulating in the water softening means. Therefore, it is possible to prevent gas from accumulating in the hot water tank of the water heater.
- a ninth aspect of the present invention provides a water heater provided with the water treatment device according to any one of the first to eighth aspects. According to this, it is possible to realize a water heater which performs water softening treatment in a maintenance-free manner.
- Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a water heater provided with a water treatment device according to the embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a water softening treatment of water softening means used for the water treatment device.
- Fig. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a regenerating treatment of the water softening means.
- a hot water tank 2 in which raw water and boiled water are stored is disposed in a hot-water reserving unit 1.
- a raw water pipe 3 through which raw water from service water is supplied into the hot water tank 2 is connected to a lower portion of the hot water tank 2.
- a water pipe 4a is connected to a lower portion of the hot water tank 2.
- the water pipe 4a is connected to first water softening means 5 and second water softening means 6.
- the water pipe 4a is provided with a pump 7. Water in the hot water tank 2 is supplied to the first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6 by the pump 7.
- the water pipe 4a branches off upstream of the first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6.
- the first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6 are disposed in parallel.
- a first flow passage switching valve (first three-way valve) 8 which switches between a water pipe 4b and a drain pipe 10 is provided downstream of the first water softening means 5, and a second flow passage switching valve (second three-way valve) 9 which switches between the water pipe 4b and the drain pipe 10 is provided downstream of the second water softening means 6.
- concentrated water produced at the time of the regenerating treatment of the first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6 is discharged through the drain pipe 10.
- a switching operation of the first flows passage switching valve 8 and a switching operation of the second flow passage switching valve 9 are performed by control means 30.
- the first flow passage switching valve 8 flows soft water to the water pipe 4b, and when the first water softening means 5 is performing the regenerating treatment, the first flow passage switching valve 8 flows drainage to the drain pipe 10.
- the second flow passage switching valve 9 flows soft water to the water pipe 4b, and when the second water softening means 6 is performing the regenerating treatment, the second flow passage switching valve 9 flows drainage to the drain pipe 10.
- the water pipe 4b is provided with a flowmeter 11. A flow rate of soft water which is subjected to the water softening treatment by the first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6 is measured by the flowmeter 11.
- the soft water is boiled by the heat pump unit 12 and is supplied to an upper portion of the hot water tank 2 through a water pipe 4c.
- the water pipe 4c is connected to the upper portion of the hot water tank 2.
- a hot-water supply pipe 13 is connected to the upper portion of the hot water tank 2, and hot water existing in the upper portion of the hot water tank 2 is supplied to a bathtub or the like by the hot-water supply pipe 13.
- a compressor 14, a water heat exchanger which is water heating means 15, and an air heat exchanger 16 which absorbs heat of outside air are provided in the heat pump unit 12.
- the compressor 14, the water heating means 15 and the air heat exchanger 16 are connected to one another through a refrigerant pipe 17, and they configure a heat pump cycle 18 using a refrigerant such as CO 2 .
- the control means 30 switches the first flow passage switching valve 8, switches the second flow passage switching valve 9, changes between positive and negative of voltage applied to the first water softening means 5, and changes between positive and negative of voltage applied to the second water softening means 6.
- control means 30 detects, by a signal from the flowmeter 11, that the first water softening means 5 performs the water softening treatment of a predetermined flows rate, the control means 30 stops the water softening treatment performed by the first water softening means 5, and the control means 30 makes the second water softening means 6 perform the water softening treatment. If the control means 30 detects, by a signal from the flowmeter 11, that the second water softening means 6 performs the water softening treatment of a predetermined flow rate, the control means 30 stops the water softening treatment performed by the second water softening means 6, and the control means 30 makes the first water softening means 5 again perform the water softening treatment.
- the control means 30 repeats this processing, thereby making the first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6 alternately perform the water softening treatment. While the first water softening means 5 performs the water softening treatment, the control means 30 makes the second water softening means 6 perform the regenerating treatment, and while the second water softening means 6 performs the water softening treatment, the control means 30 makes the first water softening means 5 perform the regenerating treatment.
- Each of the first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6 includes a casing 19, and a pair of electrodes 20 are provided in the casing 19 on both sides.
- Each of the electrodes 20 is made of platinum-plated titanium, thereby securing resistance to exhaustion.
- a pair of water-splitting ion-exchangers 21 is provided between the electrodes 20 such that the water-splitting ion-exchangers 21 sandwich a flow path 24.
- Each of the water-splitting ion-exchangers 21 is of a two-layer configuration in which a positive ion exchanger 22 having a strong acid ion-exchange group and a negative ion-exchanger 23 having a strong basic ion-exchange group are pasted on each other.
- the positive ion exchanger 22 configuring one of the water-splitting ion-exchangers 21 and the negative ion-exchanger 23 configuring the other water-splitting ion-exchanger 21 are opposed to each other such that they sandwich the flow path 24.
- the flow path 24 is configured such that water is in contact with the positive ion exchanger 22 of the one of the water-splitting ion-exchangers 21 and the negative ion-exchanger 23 of the other water-splitting ion-exchanger 21.
- the positive ion exchanger 22 includes a strong acid ion-exchange group having -S0 3 H as a functional group
- the negative ion-exchanger 23 includes a strong basic ion-exchange group having -NR 3 OH as a functional group.
- the casing 19 is provided with an inlet 19a and an outlet 19b, and the flow path 24 is formed from the inlet 19a to the outlet 19b. Raw water flows into the inlet 19a.
- the inlet 19a is provided at a lower portion in the casing 19 and the water pipe 4a is connected to the inlet 19a. Softened water or concentrated water produced at the time of regeneration flows out from the outlet 19b.
- the outlet 19b is provided at an upper portion in the casing 19 and the water pipe 4b is connected to the outlet 19b.
- the water heater is configured as described above. An operation of the water heater will be described below.
- raw water is supplied to the hot water tank 2 of the hot-water reserving unit 1 through the raw water pipe 3.
- Calcium and magnesium of hardness components are included in the raw water, and the raw water has hardness of 100 ppm or higher in a region where ground water is utilized as a water source or in a hot spring resort, and this causes scale in a pipe of heating means of the water heater.
- a heat pump water heater boils water during a late-night time period when electric bill is inexpensive.
- raw water having high hardness in the hot water tank 2 is sent to the first water softening means 5 through the water pipe 4 by the pump 7, and the water softening treatment is performed.
- DC voltage is applied to the electrodes 20 disposed in the casing 19, and positive voltage is applied to the electrode 20 located on the side of the positive ion exchanger 22 and its polarity becomes positive, and polarity of the electrode 20 located on the side of the negative ion-exchanger 23 becomes negative.
- Hardness component in the flow path 24 is removed and water is softened.
- the softened water flows out as treated water through the water pipe 4b which is connected to the upper portion of the casing 19.
- the first flow passage switching valve 8 switches the water passage to the water pipe 4b. Therefore, water which is subjected to the water softening treatment flows into the water heat exchanger 15 of the heat pump unit 12 through the water pipe 4b.
- a refrigerant in the air heat exchanger 16 is evaporated by the operation of the compressor 14, and this absorbs heat of outside air.
- the refrigerant which absorbs heat of outside air through the refrigerant pipe 17 is compressed to high pressure, and the refrigerant dissipates heat by the water heat exchanger 15.
- water in the water heat exchanger 15 is heated and boiled. Since hardness component is removed from water which is heated, it is possible to prevent scale such as calcium carbonate and magnesium sulfate from adhering to the inner surface of the water heat exchanger 15.
- Hot water boiled by the water heat exchanger 15 is introduced form the upper portion of the hot water tank 2.
- the second water softening means 6 performs the regenerating treatment.
- the second flow passage switching valve 9 is set at its closing position so that water does not flow toward the water pipe 4 or the drain pipe 10 from the outlet of the second water softening means 6.
- a given amount of water is introduced from the lower portion of the hot water tank 2 from a lower portion of the second water softening means 6 through the water pipe 4 by the pump 7.
- the second water softening means 6 if a given amount of raw water flows into the flow path 24 from a lower portion of the casing 19, voltage in a direction opposite from that when water is softened is applied to the electrode 20.
- Polarity of the electrode 20 on the side of the negative ion-exchanger 23 becomes positive, and polarity of the electrode 20 on the side of the positive ion exchanger 22 becomes negative. If Voltage is applied to both sides of the water-splitting ion-exchanger 21, ion component in the interface between the positive ion exchanger 22 and the negative ion-exchanger 23 is reduced, resistance becomes high, dissociation of water is caused at some point in time, and hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion are produced. In the positive ion exchanger 22, calcium ion which is ion-exchanged at the time of the water softening treatment ion-exchanges with the produced hydrogen ion and is regenerated.
- Calcium ion is discharged into the flow path 24.
- carbonate ion which is ion-exchanged at the time of the water softening treatment ion-exchanges with the produced hydroxide ion and is regenerated. Carbonate ion is discharged into the flow path 24.
- the water passage is once switched from the outlet of the second water softening means 6 toward the drain pipe 10 by the second flow passage switching valve 9 which is closed during regeneration, and concentrated water produced in the second water softening means 6 is discharged outside through the drain pipe 10. At that time, oxygen gas and hydrogen gas are generated in the casing 19 of the second water softening means 6 from a surface of the electrode 20 by voltage applied at the time of regeneration.
- a treatment flow rate of water to be treated by the first water softening means 5 which is performing the water softening treatment exceeds a given accumulated flow rate by measurement of the flowmeter 11, the first flow passage switching valve 8 is closed, the regenerating treatment of the first water softening means 5 is started, and the regenerating treatment is performed in the same manner.
- the water passage is switched from the outlet of the second water softening means 6 to the water pipe 4b by the second flow passage switching valve 9, and the water softening treatment is performed by the second water softening means 6.
- the second water softening means 6 If the treatment flow rate of the second water softening means 6 exceeds a given amount, the second water softening means 6 is regenerated, and the first water softening means 5 performs the water softening treatment instead of the second water softening means 6.
- the accumulated flow rate which is set by the flowmeter 11 is set based on the ion-exchanging capacity of the water-splitting ion-exchangers 21, and it is possible to always supply soft water of appropriate hardness.
- the series of operation of the water softening treatment and the series of regenerating treatment are performed by the control means 30.
- the first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6 alternately perform the water softening treatment of raw water. Therefore, even if a water-splitting ion-exchange has a small ion-exchanging capacity, it is possible to continuously perform the water softening treatment of a large quantity of, e.g., a few hundred liters of water which is required for boiling.
- a first water softening means group having a plurality of first water softening means 5 and a second water softening means group having a plurality of second water softening means 6 may be used.
- the number of the first water softening means group and the number of the second water softening means group are the same.
- the same number of water softening means groups allays performs the water softening treatment. According to this, a flow rate of water to be treated is constant and stable, it is possible to treat water into soft water having stable hardness, and the boiling temperature of the water heat exchanger 15 can be maintained at a constant temperature.
- the flowmeter 11 and at least two first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6 are provided in the water pipe 4, each of the first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6 has the casing 19, and at least the pair of electrodes 20, the water-splitting ion-exchangers 21 having the positive ion exchanger 22 and the negative ion-exchanger 23, and the flow path 24 which is in contact with the surface of the water-splitting ion-exchangers 21 are incorporated in the casing 19.
- the same number of water softening means groups always alternately performs the water softening treatment for raw water.
- the other water softening means group performs the water softening treatment, and the water softening means alternately performs the water softening treatment in accordance with the ion-exchanging capacity of the water-splitting ion-exchangers 21. Therefore, a large quantity of water can continuously be subjected to the water softening treatment even if the water-splitting ion-exchangers 21 has a small ion-exchanging capacity.
- the same number of water softening means groups always performs the water softening treatment.
- the flow rate of water to be treated is constant and stable, water can be treated into soft water having stable hardness, and hot water can be supplied to a user with a constant and stable flow rate.
- the boiling temperature at the water heat exchanger 15 can also be maintained at a constant temperature. Since the water softening treatment and the regenerating treatment can be performed in one apparatus, the apparatus is simple and a space can be saved.
- the water softening treatment of the first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6 is switched, the first flow passage switching valve 8 is switched, and the second flow passage switching valve 9 is switched by a signal from the flowmeter 11.
- a timer may be provided instead of the flowmeter 11, treatment time during which one of the water softening means can treat water may be set from a flow rate and an ion-exchanging capacity of the water-splitting ion-exchangers 21, and when the water softening means performs the water softening treatment during the set treatment time, the first and second water softening means 5, 6 may be switched. According to this also, the same effect can be obtained.
- conductivity meters may be provided downstream of the first water softening means 5 and downstream of the second water softening means 6 instead of the flowmeter 11, and when conductivity of softened water becomes equal to or higher than a given value by a signal from the conductivity meters, the water softening treatment of the first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6 may be switched, the first flow passage switching valve 8 may be switched and the second flow passage switching valve 9 may be switched.
- the first water softening means 5 and the second water softening means 6 can be switched in accordance with conductivity which has high interrelationship with hardness, and the water softening treatment can be performed. Therefore, it is possible to supply soft water having further stable hardness.
- the water heater of the invention is compact and has a simple configuration, and it is possible to continuously treat a large quantity of water into soft water having stable hardness with a constant flow rate. Therefore, the water heater can be applied to a washing machine and a water-purification system.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2009234781 | 2009-10-09 | ||
PCT/JP2010/005959 WO2011043062A1 (fr) | 2009-10-09 | 2010-10-05 | Dispositif de traitement de l'eau et chauffe-eau |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2487138A1 true EP2487138A1 (fr) | 2012-08-15 |
EP2487138A4 EP2487138A4 (fr) | 2013-05-29 |
EP2487138B1 EP2487138B1 (fr) | 2016-05-25 |
Family
ID=43856546
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10821739.9A Not-in-force EP2487138B1 (fr) | 2009-10-09 | 2010-10-05 | Dispositif de traitement de l'eau et chauffe-eau |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2487138B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPWO2011043062A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102574711B (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011043062A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107445339A (zh) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-12-08 | 芜湖扬宇机电技术开发有限公司 | 一种硬质水软化处理池 |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5146437B2 (ja) * | 2009-10-09 | 2013-02-20 | パナソニック株式会社 | 給湯機 |
JP5830921B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-27 | 2015-12-09 | パナソニック株式会社 | 軟水化装置 |
JP5929008B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-13 | 2016-06-01 | パナソニック株式会社 | 再生式軟水化装置の水分解イオン交換膜の製造方法 |
JP5569511B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-07 | 2014-08-13 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 電気分解装置及びこれを備えたヒートポンプ給湯機 |
JP6162221B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-29 | 2017-07-12 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ環境ソリューション株式会社 | 水再生システム及び脱塩処理装置、並びに、水再生方法 |
CN104990253A (zh) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-10-21 | 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 | 热水器 |
CN106630318B (zh) * | 2017-03-13 | 2023-01-06 | 盐城工学院 | 高盐废水电吸附组件及系统 |
JP6442581B1 (ja) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-12-19 | 株式会社レイケン | 水処理装置、水処理システム及び冷却システム |
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EP0459642A1 (fr) * | 1990-05-26 | 1991-12-04 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Echange d'ions électrochimique |
JPH0768256A (ja) * | 1993-09-06 | 1995-03-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 風呂給湯器用の軟水器 |
US20050029124A1 (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2005-02-10 | Pionetics, Inc. | Selectable ion concentrations with electrolytic ion exchange |
US20060231495A1 (en) * | 2005-04-13 | 2006-10-19 | Usfilter Corporation | Regeneration of adsorption media within electrical purification apparatuses |
WO2007044609A1 (fr) * | 2005-10-06 | 2007-04-19 | Pionetics Corporation | Traitement electrochimique de fluides par echange d'ions |
Family Cites Families (3)
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JPH08117745A (ja) * | 1994-10-24 | 1996-05-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 蒸気発生装置用の軟水器 |
US5788826A (en) * | 1997-01-28 | 1998-08-04 | Pionetics Corporation | Electrochemically assisted ion exchange |
JP2001179250A (ja) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-03 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 軟水化装置および循環型浴槽水軟水化装置 |
-
2010
- 2010-10-05 EP EP10821739.9A patent/EP2487138B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-10-05 JP JP2011535282A patent/JPWO2011043062A1/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-10-05 CN CN201080045511.5A patent/CN102574711B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-10-05 WO PCT/JP2010/005959 patent/WO2011043062A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0459642A1 (fr) * | 1990-05-26 | 1991-12-04 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Echange d'ions électrochimique |
JPH0768256A (ja) * | 1993-09-06 | 1995-03-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 風呂給湯器用の軟水器 |
US20050029124A1 (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2005-02-10 | Pionetics, Inc. | Selectable ion concentrations with electrolytic ion exchange |
US20060231495A1 (en) * | 2005-04-13 | 2006-10-19 | Usfilter Corporation | Regeneration of adsorption media within electrical purification apparatuses |
WO2007044609A1 (fr) * | 2005-10-06 | 2007-04-19 | Pionetics Corporation | Traitement electrochimique de fluides par echange d'ions |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107445339A (zh) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-12-08 | 芜湖扬宇机电技术开发有限公司 | 一种硬质水软化处理池 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2487138B1 (fr) | 2016-05-25 |
CN102574711B (zh) | 2014-06-11 |
WO2011043062A1 (fr) | 2011-04-14 |
EP2487138A4 (fr) | 2013-05-29 |
JPWO2011043062A1 (ja) | 2013-03-04 |
CN102574711A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
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