EP2479508B1 - Air distribution system - Google Patents
Air distribution system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2479508B1 EP2479508B1 EP11000489.2A EP11000489A EP2479508B1 EP 2479508 B1 EP2479508 B1 EP 2479508B1 EP 11000489 A EP11000489 A EP 11000489A EP 2479508 B1 EP2479508 B1 EP 2479508B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- unit
- air distribution
- connections
- distribution system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
- F24F13/0236—Ducting arrangements with ducts including air distributors, e.g. air collecting boxes with at least three openings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F2007/001—Ventilation with exhausting air ducts
- F24F2007/002—Junction box, e.g. for ducts from kitchen, toilet or bathroom
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air distribution system in buildings.
- the air distribution systems typically have a plurality of spiral ducts (mainly steel sheet) for ventilating the rooms.
- a central distributor is provided, with which the pipes for the supply and exhaust air are connected.
- DE 69 926 338 D2 shows an air distribution system.
- the air distribution or ventilation system has separate distribution channels to each room to be ventilated. Through the air distribution system, the flow can be adjusted for each room.
- Each distribution channel is assigned an air distribution point, which has an individual adjustment of the air flow to each individual distribution channel.
- the air distribution channels have a flexible sheath to allow a non-linear installation.
- the pressure drop at the flow rates, the pressure drop to the passage into the room is small compared to the inherent pressure drop within the channels.
- a throttle means is assigned to each air distribution channel.
- the air flow is preferably controlled centrally on the air distribution unit, so that separate control of air outlets located in a room is not necessary.
- the throttle units are manually adjustable, such as with the aid of a screwdriver.
- the throttle units are adjustable by means of a motor.
- this engine is controlled from an easily accessible location in one or more rooms of the building.
- an air distribution system is thus provided with Heilverteiläen which require fewer throttle units than connections for ventilation ducts are available. For example, if there are four connections for ventilation ducts, then only three throttle units are sufficient to control the respective air flow through the connections for the ventilation ducts.
- At least one port does not have an adjustable throttle device.
- no or only one throttle device is present.
- the air distribution unit has four, preferably non-continuous channel sections between the first end and the second connections at the second end. These channel sections serve to distribute the air, which is supplied through the first port evenly at the same throttle position on the second ports.
- a recess for receiving a throttle unit is provided at each inlet of the second ports.
- the n - 1 throttle units can be plugged into any of the n ports, so there are many different design options.
- the air distribution system has a deflection unit for diverting supply air into a supply air line or from exhaust air into an exhaust air line.
- the deflection unit has a deflection element, which extends within the supply line or discharge, when the deflection unit is placed in the supply air line or exhaust air line.
- the deflection element serves to deflect supply air in the direction of one end of the deflection unit.
- exhaust air can be diverted from the end into the exhaust air duct.
- the deflection unit has a recess in the region of the first end.
- the invention also relates to an air distribution system having at least one supply unit for supplying air from the deflecting element to the air distribution units.
- the supply unit has a first end with a first portion and a second end with a second portion.
- the dimensions of the second portion are smaller than the dimensions of the first portion so that a second end of a feed unit can be inserted into a first end of another feed unit.
- the supply unit has a circumferential seal at its first and / or second end.
- the air distributor or ducts can be laid on plaster, horizontally in the floor structure or vertically in a wall.
- the degrees of freedom at the distributor can be increased.
- fewer components are needed than in the prior art.
- the individual components have a height in the context of a standard floor level.
- the components can therefore be used flexibly for various installation situations.
- a riser for the supply air and a riser for the exhaust air to be provided according to the invention.
- an air distribution system is provided with an air distribution unit, which has substantially the shape of a quarter circle.
- the air distribution unit has at its first end a first connection and in the region of the circular arc at least two further connections.
- an adjustable throttle or an adjustable plug can be provided, with which the amount of air flowing through this port, can be adjusted.
- the second connections can also be closed by a blanking plug, for example, if they are no longer used.
- the second connections are preferably designed such that a flexible tube can be connected thereto.
- the cross section of the flexible tube can be variable in this case.
- a method for controlling an air distribution system for ventilating buildings in a first method step, air is supplied via a first connection in injected the air distribution system.
- the injected air is divided by an air distribution unit on ventilation ducts.
- the air volume flow can be influenced at n - 1 throttling units by partially or completely opening or closing n - 1 second connections.
- the air volume flow at the remaining connection is controlled by means of the n-1 throttle units of the remaining connections.
- the throttle units are controlled by means of motors.
- the motors are controlled by a control device.
- Fig. 1A shows a schematic representation of an air distribution unit 20 in an air distribution system according to a first embodiment.
- the air distribution unit 20 has a first connection 10 for connection to a supply air or exhaust air line and a plurality of second connections 30 to which air distribution channels or ventilation channels 40 can be connected.
- the air distribution unit 20 has a first end 21 to which the first terminal 10 is provided and a second end 22 to which the second terminals 30 are provided.
- the second end 22 is designed according to the first embodiment of a circular arc.
- the Lucasverteiltician 20 can be attached via tabs or fastening units 23, 24 to the wall or to a floor.
- a throttle unit 31 may be provided in the second ports 30, for example, in each case a throttle unit 31 may be provided.
- the air supply or the air passage can be controlled by the respective second ports 30.
- one of the second ports 30 may be provided without throttling unit 31, so that the air flow through this port 30 is not in the Connection itself is controllable.
- the air flow through the port 30 without throttle unit 31 can be influenced by controlling the other two throttle units 31.
- Fig. 1B shows a perspective side view of the air distribution unit according to the first embodiment.
- a plan view of the second end 22 of the air distribution unit 20 can be seen.
- the second ports 30 see the second ports 30.
- FIG. 2A - 2C each show schematic views of a mounting situation of the air distribution system according to a second embodiment.
- Fig. 2A is a wall 100, a supply air or Zu Kunststoffsmaschinetechnisch 200 and two Heilverteilritt 20 shown.
- Each of the air distribution units 20 has at its first end 21 a connection 10 for an air duct, which in turn can be connected to the supply air line 200.
- a plurality of second ports 30 are provided, to which air distribution channels or ventilation ducts 40 can be connected, which can then end in a room for ventilation.
- Fig. 2B shows a schematic view of a mounting situation in a corner of a room.
- the space has a wall 100, an air supply line or Zu Kunststoffshausen Gustav 200 and an air distribution unit 20 according to the first embodiment.
- the air distribution unit 20 is connected to the supply air line 200 via air ducts via the first connection 10 at a first end 21 of the air distribution unit 20. Further channels 40 may then be provided via the second terminals 30 at the second end 22.
- Fig. 2C shows a schematic representation of a further installation situation of the air distribution system according to the second embodiment.
- a wall 100 an air supply line 200, an exhaust pipe 300 and two Air distribution 20 provided.
- the air distribution units 20 can be connected via the connection 10 to the supply air line 200 and to the exhaust air line 300.
- Further illustrated channels 40 may be connected via the second terminals 30.
- FIG. 3A - 3G show various schematic representations of an air distribution system according to a third embodiment. In particular, different installation situations of the air distribution system according to the third embodiment are shown in these figures.
- Fig. 3A 1 shows a wall 100 with an air supply line 200 and an exhaust air line 300.
- the supply air line 200 and the exhaust air line 300 are each connected via a channel section 400 to a first connection 10 of an air distribution unit 20 (eg according to the first or second embodiment).
- the air distribution unit 20 has second connections 30, which can be coupled to air distribution channels or ventilation channels 40.
- the supply air from the supply air line 200 via the channel section 400 and the first port 10 into the air distribution unit 20 to flow. From there, it can flow through the second connections 30 into the four air distribution channels or ventilation channels 40.
- These Heilverteilkanäle 40 can then end in one or more rooms and thus supply the supply air to the rooms.
- the exhaust air can then be sucked through the channels 40 and can flow through the second ports 30 in the air distribution unit 20. From the air distribution unit 20, the exhaust air can then flow through the first port and the channel section 400 into the exhaust air duct 300.
- the channels at the second ports 30 are each straight, are the channels, which at the second terminals 30 of the air distribution unit according to Fig. 3B are partially straight and partially have an angled channel section 41.
- the channel section 41 at least two channels 40 can be laid parallel to each other. This allows you to react to different installation situations.
- the air distribution units 20, which are connected to the supply air line 200 and the exhaust air line 300, are provided in two spaces, which are separated from each other by the wall 100.
- two channel sections 41 all four channels 40 are laid parallel to each other in this embodiment.
- Fig. 3D the supply air line 200 and the exhaust air line 300 is provided in each case in a corner of a room.
- the air distribution units 20 are then connected to the supply air line 200 or the exhaust air line 300.
- Fig. 3E shows a schematic representation of a further installation situation of the air distribution system according to the third embodiment.
- a wall 100 an exhaust duct 300 is provided.
- two channel sections 40 are coupled, which each open in an air distribution unit 20 in two different rooms.
- the air distribution unit 20 according to Fig. 3E corresponds essentially to the air distribution unit according to the Fig. 3A - 3D ,
- Fig. 3F shows a further installation situation of the air distribution system according to the third embodiment.
- a supply air line 200 and an exhaust air line 300 is provided in a wall 100.
- the supply air line 200 is coupled to two Heilverteilhowen 20, which are provided in different rooms.
- the exhaust air line 200 is also coupled to two Heilverteilhowen 20, which in turn are provided in two different rooms.
- the air distribution unit according to Fig. 3G corresponds essentially to the air distribution unit according to the Fig. 3A - 3E ,
- Fig. 3G shows a further schematic representation of a mounting situation of the air distribution system according to the third embodiment.
- a wall is 100 an air supply line 200 and an exhaust air line 300 is provided.
- the supply air line 200 is coupled to two Heilverteilrittritten 20, which are each located in a room.
- the exhaust duct 300 is also coupled to two Heilverteilritten 20, which in turn are provided in another room.
- the air distribution unit according to Fig. 3G corresponds essentially to the air distribution unit according to the Figs. 3A - 3F ,
- the air distribution system has a supply air channel 200 and a removal unit 210 as a transition from the supply air channel 200 to an air distribution unit.
- Several ventilation ducts can be connected to the air distribution unit in order to supply the supply air to the respective rooms.
- Fig. 4A - 4E show various views of a sampling unit 210 according to the fourth embodiment, which is provided in an air supply line 200 to branch off or divert a portion of the supply air from the supply air duct 200.
- Fig. 4A shows a schematic sectional view of a supply air channel 200 with two extraction units 210.
- the extraction unit 210 has a first end 212 which protrudes from the supply air channel 200 and which serves to discharge the supply air from the supply air duct 200.
- the extraction unit 210 has a first end 212 and two second ends 211.
- the extraction unit 210 further comprises an insert or a deflection unit 215 which projects into the supply air channel 200 in order to capture part of the supply air flowing through the supply air channel 200 and to redirect it to the first end 212.
- the function of the deflection unit 215 is thus a partial deflection of the air flow.
- the depth 210a of the deflection unit 215 depends on the number of adapter or removal units 210 along the supply air channel 200. For example, if only two extraction units 210 are provided, the depth 210a may correspond to approximately half of the inside diameter of the supply air channel 200. In other words, the depth 210a would then be approximately the width 210b. For example, if three extraction units 210 are provided along the supply air duct 200, then the depth 210a may represent, for example, one third of the inside diameter of the supply air duct.
- the upper end of the supply air channel 200 is closed in this embodiment with a connecting piece 218.
- the inner diameter of the extraction unit 210 corresponds to the inner diameter of the supply air channel 200, so that the channel 200 and the extraction unit 210 can be connected by means of an intermediate piece 217.
- Fig. 4B shows a schematic perspective view of the removal unit 210.
- the removal unit 210 has a first end 212 and two second ends 211. Derêt End 212 Neill pronounce Ausbloodung 210 auf.
- the extraction unit 210 according to Fig. 4B corresponds substantially to the extraction unit 210 according to the fourth embodiment of Fig. 4A , In the region of the first end 212 latching hooks 213a, 213b are provided. Further, a transition region 214 is provided between the first end 212 and the second ends 211.
- the two second ends 211 surround the main flow region, in which a deflecting element 215 protrudes.
- Fig. 4C shows a schematic plan view of the extraction unit 210 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the extraction unit 210 has between the two second ends 211 a flow area into which the deflection unit 215 protrudes. In the middle of the deflection unit 215, a recess 216 is provided through which air flows.
- the first end 212 is substantially conformed to the position of the diverter 215 so that the airflow trapped by the diverter 215 can flow out through the first end 212.
- the extraction unit 210 according to Fig. 4C corresponds substantially to the extraction unit 210 according to the fourth embodiment of FIGS. 4A to 4B ,
- the exact shape of the deflection unit 215 is designed such that, when using in each case one extraction unit 210 per floor, it enables natural balancing (50% -50%) of the volume flows in the floors. For example, in the case of a two-storey building by means of the deflection unit 215, approximately 50% of the air flows to the first floor and approximately 50% to the second floor.
- Fig. 4D shows a schematic sectional view of the extraction unit 210 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the extraction unit 210 has a first end 212 to which an air duct can be connected.
- a diverter 215 projects into the flow area between the two second ends 211 to redirect some of the supply air to the first end 212.
- the extraction unit 210 according to Fig. 4D corresponds substantially to the extraction unit 210 according to the fourth embodiment of FIGS. 4A to 4C ,
- Fig. 4E shows a further plan view of the extraction unit 210 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the extraction unit 210 has a flow area 211a between the two second ends 211.
- a deflecting unit 215 projects into this throughflow region 211a.
- a recess 216 may be provided, so that only part of the supply air flowing through the flow area 211a is deflected by the deflection unit 215 to the first end 212.
- the extraction unit 210 according to Fig. 4E corresponds substantially to the extraction unit 210 according to the fourth embodiment of Figs. 4A to 4D ,
- Fig. 5A - 5H show various views of a supply unit 220 according to a fifth embodiment.
- the supply unit 220 according to the fifth embodiment may serve to connect the first end of the extraction unit to an air distribution unit.
- Fig. 5A shows a perspective view of a supply unit 220 according to the fifth embodiment.
- the supply unit 220 has a first end 221 and a second end 222. In the region of the first end, a first portion 221a and in the region of the second end, a second portion 222a is provided, wherein the dimensions of the second portion 222a are smaller than the dimensions of the first portion 221a.
- two projections 224 may be provided in the region of the first end 221, two projections 224 may be provided.
- an intermediate wall 223 may be provided in the region of the second section 222a. This intermediate wall 223 can serve as a stiffening rib. By means of this stiffening rib, the supply unit 220 has an increased stability to treading.
- Ratcheting units 225 may be provided at the second end 222 which may cooperate with protrusions 224 of another feed unit when the first end 221 is slipped or slid over the first portion 221a via a second end 222 of the feed unit 220.
- a circumferential sealing lip or seal 226 may be provided at the second end 222.
- Fig. 5B shows a plan view of a supply unit 220 according to the fifth embodiment of Fig. 5A .
- the feed unit 220 has a first end 221 with a first portion 221a and a second end 222 with a second portion 222a.
- projections 224 and in the region of the second end 222 locking units 225 are provided.
- Fig. 5C shows a side view of the supply unit 220 according to the fifth embodiment.
- the supply unit 220 has a first end 221 with a first portion 221 a and with projections 224 and a second end 222 with a second portion 222 a and optionally with a seal 226 and a latching unit 225.
- Fig. 5D shows another side view of the supply unit 220 according to the fifth embodiment.
- the second end 222 faces the reader, and in the second end 222, an intermediate wall 223 is optionally provided, so that the flow area is divided into two sections. Furthermore, the serves Intermediate wall 223 of the tread stability.
- projections 224 are provided at the second ends 222.
- Fig. 5E shows a schematic sectional view of the supply unit 220 according to the fifth embodiment with a first end 221 having a first portion 221 a and a second end 222 with a second portion 222 a.
- the supply unit has an intermediate wall 223, a latching unit 225 and optionally a seal 226.
- Fig. 5F shows a schematic view of a plurality of supply units 220 according to the fifth embodiment, which are inserted into one another.
- the feed units 220 have first and second ends 221, 222 with portions 221a. 222a on.
- the second portions 222a of the second ends 222 of a supply unit 220 are inserted into the first portions 221a of the first ends 221 of another supply unit 220.
- the detents 225 may then snap into the projections 224.
- the projections 224 are displaceable along the locking units 225, so that a length compensation can take place, depending on where the Heilverteiltechnik is with respect to the extraction unit.
- the feed units 220 can be pushed further or less into each other. In this case, telescoping is possible up to an almost complete immersion of the second end 222 of a supply unit 220 into the first end 221 of a further supply unit 220.
- Fig. 5G shows a schematic sectional view of the supply channel of Fig. 5G
- the feed channel is formed from a plurality of feed units 220, with the second ends 222 of the feed units 220 being inserted into the first ends 221 of other feed units 220.
- the second ends 222 each have an intermediate wall 223.
- a circumferential seal 226th be provided.
- the circumferential seal 226 is a rolling seal which, when two supply units 220 are pushed together, rolls between the first end 221 of the one feed unit and the second end 222 of the further feed unit 220, so that good tightness is achieved between the feed units 220.
- Figs. 6A-6D each show different views of an air distribution unit 500 according to a sixth embodiment.
- the air distribution unit 500 according to the sixth embodiment can be connected to a supply unit according to the fifth embodiment, so that the supply air can flow through the supply units in the air distribution unit to be divided into several channels.
- Fig. 6A shows a perspective view of an air distribution unit 500 according to the sixth embodiment.
- the air distribution unit 500 has a first end 510 z. B. for connection to the supply units according to the fifth embodiment and a second end 520 with a plurality of second terminals 531 - 534 each for connection to a ventilation duct. Between the first end 510 and the second end 520, a central portion 540 is provided. In front of some (0 to (n-1)) of the inputs of the second ports 531 - 534, throttle units 550 may be provided to control the air supply to the ports 531 534.
- the entrance to the second port 531 may e.g. B. stay free.
- a plug 560 is provided in this case, which closes the opening, in which otherwise a throttle unit would be used, closes.
- This plug 560 can be interchanged with another throttle 550 so that one of the inputs 532-534 remains free.
- the middle section 540 is closed with a lid 541.
- the cover 541 can be removed, for example, for cleaning the air distribution unit 500 and the ventilation ducts connected to the air distribution unit 500.
- the air distribution unit 500 can be attached to a floor or a wall by means of fastening eyelets 523.
- Fig. 6B shows a plan view of an air distribution unit 500 according to the sixth embodiment of Fig. 6A .
- the air distribution unit 500 has a first end 510 and a second end 520 with a plurality of second terminals 531-534. Between the first and second ends 510, 520, a central portion 540 is provided with a lid 541. At three of the four inputs of the second ports 531-534, a throttling unit 550 may be provided in each case. At the entrance, where no throttle unit is provided, a plug 560 is used instead of the throttle unit 550. Furthermore, the air distribution unit 500 has fastening eyelets 523, by means of which the air distribution unit 500 can be fastened, for example, to a floor or a wall.
- Fig. 6C shows a schematic sectional view of the Lucasverteilhow 500 according to the fourth embodiment.
- four sections 511-514 are provided next to one another. The respective sections then open into one of the four ports 531-534.
- a throttling unit 550 can be provided, which serves to control the amount of air passing through the second, third or fourth ports fourth port 532-534 flows.
- four sections 541-544 may be provided, which connect the sections 511-514 with the connections 531-534.
- a holder 560a for receiving a throttle unit, in which one of the throttle units 550 in the region of the terminals 532-534 can be repositioned.
- a bridge 546 may be provided in the area of the middle two sections 512, 513.
- the sections 511-514 are connected to each other, at least by openings, not shown, in the walls separating the sections 511-514, before the sections 541-544 again run separately from one another.
- a pressure equalization takes place, depending on the position of the throttle units, which simplifies the adjustment of the individual volume flows in the connections and, if possible, without reaction makes, ie that a change in the position of one of the built-throttle elements 550 affects the other flow rates as little as possible.
- Fig. 6D shows another perspective view of the air distribution unit 500 according to the sixth embodiment.
- the sections 511-514 at the first end 510 merge into the middle sections 541-544, which in turn open into the four ports 531-534. Breakthroughs 547 provide pressure equalization.
- Fig. 6E shows another perspective view of the air distribution unit 500 according to the sixth embodiment. Shown here are in particular the openings 547 for pressure equalization.
- Fig. 6F shows a representation of different volume flows within the air distribution unit 500 according to the sixth embodiment with different position of the restrictors 550.
- the air enters the sections 511-514 of the air distribution unit 500. In each case, approximately 25% of the volume flows are distributed over the sections 511-514. Due to the breakthroughs between the individual sections 511-514, partial volume flows T of one of the sections 511-514 each pass into an adjacent section 511-514 , whereby a pressure equalization takes place.
- the volumetric flows in the region of the first port 531 and the fourth port 534 increase from 25% to 30%
- the volumetric flow in the region of the second port 532 is reduced from 25% to 15% and the volumetric flow in the region of the third port 533 remains constant at 25%.
- the throttle units 550 may be taken out, and before each of them, for example, four ports 531-534 may be plugged so that each of the ports 531-534 may be separately closed and opened, respectively.
- the air flow are controlled by the second to fourth ports 532-534 by the throttling units provided in advance.
- the flow through the first port 531 can only be indirectly controlled by controlling the second, third and fourth throttling units 550.
- the air flow rate of the port 531 can only be indirectly controlled by controlling the other throttle units 550.
- the air flow flowing through the port 531 may be moreover controlled by the supply line.
- Figs. 7A-7C show various views of an air duct adapter unit 600 according to a seventh embodiment.
- the air duct adapter unit 600 according to the seventh embodiment may be provided between the second outputs 531 - 534 of the air distribution unit 500 according to the sixth embodiment and ventilation ducts.
- the air duct adapter unit 600 may be used to provide a transition between the air distribution unit 500 and an individual pipe shape of the adjoining air duct.
- Fig. 7A 11 shows a perspective view of an air duct adapter unit 600.
- the air duct adapter unit 600 has a first end 610 and a second end 620. Between the first and second ends 610, 620, a central portion 640 may be provided. According to Fig. 7A
- the second end 620 is approximately perpendicular to the first end 610.
- various locking units 651 are provided, to which an adapter unit 700 can be attached.
- the angled version according to Fig. 7A can be used when the Lucasverteilmaschine 500 is arranged vertically in a wall. In the case that the air distribution unit 500 is disposed in a floor, the first end 610 and the second end 620 are in one plane.
- Fig. 7B shows a schematic sectional view of the air duct adapter unit 600 of Fig. 7A ,
- the air duct adapter unit 600 can be fastened by means of a fastening unit 630.
- Fig. 7C shows a further perspective sectional view of the air duct adapter unit 600 of Fig. 7A .
- the air duct adapter unit 600 has first and second ends 610, 620 with a central portion 640 therebetween.
- Fig. 8 shows an air distribution system in a further embodiment.
- An extraction unit 210 which is connected to a supply air duct, not shown, has a first end 212. At the first end 212 of the extraction unit 210 different supply units 220 are connected, which bridge the way to an air distribution unit 500.
- the air distribution unit 500 has four ports 531-534.
- a ventilation duct 800 is connected to the third connection 533 via an adapter unit 700, which via a further adapter unit 700 opens into an air outlet 900 for installation in a floor (not shown).
- This air outlet 900 is connected via further adapter units 700, ventilation ducts 800 and air duct adapter units 600 with an air outlet 901 for installation in a wall, not shown.
- the air outlet 901 can also be installed in a ceiling.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
- Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Luftverteilungssystem in Gebäuden.The present invention relates to an air distribution system in buildings.
Bei modernen Gebäuden ist eine kontrollierte Be- und Entlüftung wichtig, um ein angenehmes Wohnklima vorsehen zu können. Die Luftverteilungssysteme weisen typischerweise eine Vielzahl von Wickelfalzrohren (hauptsächlich aus Stahlblech) zur Belüftung der Räume auf. Typischerweise wird ein zentraler Verteiler vorgesehen, mit welchem die Rohre für die Zu- und Abluft verbunden sind.In modern buildings, controlled ventilation is important to provide a comfortable living environment. The air distribution systems typically have a plurality of spiral ducts (mainly steel sheet) for ventilating the rooms. Typically, a central distributor is provided, with which the pipes for the supply and exhaust air are connected.
Eine deartige Vorrichtung ist auch aus
Es ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Luftverteilungssystem vorzusehen, das eine einfache Installation bei geringem Platzbedarf ermöglicht.It is an object of the present invention to provide an air distribution system that allows easy installation in a small footprint.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Luftverteilungssystem nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by an air distribution system according to claim 1.
Der Luftstrom wird dabei vorzugsweise zentral an der Luftverteileinheit gesteuert, so dass eine gesonderte Steuerung an sich in einem Raum befindlichen Luftauslässen nicht notwendig ist. Vorzugsweise sind die Drosseleinheiten manuell verstellbar, etwa mit Hilfe eines Schraubenziehers. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform sind die Drosseleinheiten mittels eines Motors verstellbar. Vorzugsweise wird dieser Motor von einem gut erreichbaren Ort in einem oder mehreren Räumen des Gebäudes gesteuert.In this case, the air flow is preferably controlled centrally on the air distribution unit, so that separate control of air outlets located in a room is not necessary. Preferably, the throttle units are manually adjustable, such as with the aid of a screwdriver. In a further embodiment, the throttle units are adjustable by means of a motor. Preferably, this engine is controlled from an easily accessible location in one or more rooms of the building.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird somit ein Luftverteilungssystem mit Luftverteileinheiten vorgesehen, welche weniger Drosseleinheiten benötigen als Anschlüsse für Lüftungskanäle vorhanden sind. Wenn beispielsweise vier Anschlüsse für Lüftungskanäle vorhanden sind, dann reichen lediglich drei Drosseleinheiten aus, um den jeweiligen Luftstrom durch die Anschlüsse für die Lüftungskanäle zu steuern.According to the invention, an air distribution system is thus provided with Luftverteileinheiten which require fewer throttle units than connections for ventilation ducts are available. For example, if there are four connections for ventilation ducts, then only three throttle units are sufficient to control the respective air flow through the connections for the ventilation ducts.
Vorzugsweise weist wenigstens ein Anschluss keine einstellbare Drosseleinrichtung auf. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist keine oder lediglich eine Drosseleinrichtung vorhanden.Preferably, at least one port does not have an adjustable throttle device. In a further embodiment of the invention, no or only one throttle device is present.
Gemäß einem Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung weist die Luftverteileinheit zwischen dem ersten Ende und den zweiten Anschlüssen am zweiten Ende vier, vorzugsweise nicht durchgehende Kanalabschnitte auf. Diese Kanalabschnitte dienen dazu, die Luft, welche durch den ersten Anschluss zugeführt wird, bei gleicher Drosselstellung gleichmäßig auf die zweiten Anschlüsse zu verteilen.According to one aspect of the present invention, the air distribution unit has four, preferably non-continuous channel sections between the first end and the second connections at the second end. These channel sections serve to distribute the air, which is supplied through the first port evenly at the same throttle position on the second ports.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine Ausnehmung zur Aufnahme einer Drosseleinheit an jedem Eingang der zweiten Anschlüsse vorgesehen. Somit können die n - 1 Drosseleinheiten bei jedem beliebigen der n Anschlüsse eingesteckt werden, so dass es viele verschiedene Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten gibt.According to another aspect of the present invention, a recess for receiving a throttle unit is provided at each inlet of the second ports. Thus, the n - 1 throttle units can be plugged into any of the n ports, so there are many different design options.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung weist das Luftverteilungssystem eine Umlenkeinheit zum Umlenken von Zuluft in eine Zuluftleitung oder von Abluft in eine Abluftleitung auf. Die Umlenkeinheit weist ein Umlenkelement auf, welches sich innerhalb der Zuleitung bzw. Ableitung erstreckt, wenn die Umlenkeinheit in der Zuluftleitung oder Abluftleitung platziert ist. Das Umlenkelement dient dazu, Zuluft in Richtung eines Endes der Umlenkeinheit umzulenken. Alternativ dazu kann Abluft aus dem Ende in die Abluftleitung umgelenkt werden.In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, the air distribution system has a deflection unit for diverting supply air into a supply air line or from exhaust air into an exhaust air line. The deflection unit has a deflection element, which extends within the supply line or discharge, when the deflection unit is placed in the supply air line or exhaust air line. The deflection element serves to deflect supply air in the direction of one end of the deflection unit. Alternatively, exhaust air can be diverted from the end into the exhaust air duct.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung weist die Umlenkeinheit im Bereich des ersten Endes eine Ausnehmung auf.According to a further aspect of the present invention, the deflection unit has a recess in the region of the first end.
Die Erfindung betrifft ebenfalls ein Luftverteilungssystem mit mindestens einer Zufuhreinheit zum Zuführen von Luft aus dem Umlenkelement zu den Luftverteileinheiten. Die Zufuhreinheit weist ein erstes Ende mit einem ersten Abschnitt und ein zweites Ende mit einem zweiten Abschnitt auf. Die Abmessungen des zweiten Abschnitts sind kleiner als die Abmessungen des ersten Abschnitts, so dass ein zweites Ende einer Zufuhreinheit in ein erstes Ende einer anderen Zufuhreinheit eingeführt werden kann.The invention also relates to an air distribution system having at least one supply unit for supplying air from the deflecting element to the air distribution units. The supply unit has a first end with a first portion and a second end with a second portion. The dimensions of the second portion are smaller than the dimensions of the first portion so that a second end of a feed unit can be inserted into a first end of another feed unit.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung weist die Zufuhreinheit an ihrem ersten und/oder zweiten Ende eine umlaufende Dichtung auf.According to another aspect of the present invention, the supply unit has a circumferential seal at its first and / or second end.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Luftverteilungssystem kann eine Verlegung des Luftverteilers bzw. der Kanäle auf Putz, waagerecht im Fußbodenaufbau oder senkrecht in einer Wand erfolgen. Insbesondere mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Luftverteiler können die Freiheitsgrade am Verteiler erhöht werden. Des Weiteren werden weniger Komponenten als im Stand der Technik benötigt.With the air distribution system according to the invention, the air distributor or ducts can be laid on plaster, horizontally in the floor structure or vertically in a wall. In particular with the air distributor according to the invention, the degrees of freedom at the distributor can be increased. Furthermore, fewer components are needed than in the prior art.
Vorzugsweise weisen die einzelnen Komponenten eine Höhe im Rahmen einer Standard-Fußbodenhöhe auf. Die Komponenten sind damit flexibel für verschiedene Einbausituationen verwendbar.Preferably, the individual components have a height in the context of a standard floor level. The components can therefore be used flexibly for various installation situations.
Ferner soll erfindungsgemäß eine Steigleitung für die Zuluft sowie eine Steigleitung für die Abluft vorgesehen sein.Furthermore, a riser for the supply air and a riser for the exhaust air to be provided according to the invention.
Gemäß einem Aspekt der Erfindung wird ein Luftverteilungssystem mit einer Luftverteilereinheit vorgesehen, welche im Wesentlichen die Form eines Viertelkreises aufweist. Die Luftverteileinheit weist dabei an ihrem ersten Ende einen ersten Anschluss und im Bereich des Kreisbogens mindestens zwei weitere Anschlüsse auf. Im Bereich der zweiten Anschlüsse kann eine einstellbare Drossel oder ein einstellbarer Stopfen vorgesehen sein, mit welchem die Luftmenge, welche durch diesen Anschluss fließt, eingestellt werden kann.According to one aspect of the invention, an air distribution system is provided with an air distribution unit, which has substantially the shape of a quarter circle. The air distribution unit has at its first end a first connection and in the region of the circular arc at least two further connections. In the region of the second ports, an adjustable throttle or an adjustable plug can be provided, with which the amount of air flowing through this port, can be adjusted.
Die zweiten Anschlüsse können beispielsweise auch durch einen Blindstopfen verschlossen werden, wenn sie nicht weiter benutzt werden. Die zweiten Anschlüsse sind vorzugsweise derart ausgestaltet, dass ein Flexrohr daran angeschlossen werden kann. Der Querschnitt des Flexrohres kann hierbei variabel sein.The second connections can also be closed by a blanking plug, for example, if they are no longer used. The second connections are preferably designed such that a flexible tube can be connected thereto. The cross section of the flexible tube can be variable in this case.
In einem Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Luftverteilsystems zum Belüften von Gebäuden wird in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt Luft über einen ersten Anschluss in das Luftverteilsystem eingeblasen. In einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt wird die eingeblasene Luft mittels einer Luftverteileinheit auf Lüftungskanäle aufgeteilt. Der Luftvolumenstrom ist an n - 1 Drosseleinheiten beeinflussbar, indem n - 1 zweite Anschlüsse teilweise oder vollständig geöffnet oder geschlossen werden.In a method for controlling an air distribution system for ventilating buildings, in a first method step, air is supplied via a first connection in injected the air distribution system. In a further method step, the injected air is divided by an air distribution unit on ventilation ducts. The air volume flow can be influenced at n - 1 throttling units by partially or completely opening or closing n - 1 second connections.
In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel wird der Luftvolumenstrom an dem freibleibenden Anschluss mittels der n - 1 Drosseleinheiten der übrigen Anschlüsse gesteuert.In a further exemplary embodiment, the air volume flow at the remaining connection is controlled by means of the n-1 throttle units of the remaining connections.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der Erfindung werden die Drosseleinheiten mittels Motoren angesteuert. Die Motoren werden von einer Regeleinrichtung gesteuert.According to a further aspect of the invention, the throttle units are controlled by means of motors. The motors are controlled by a control device.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Further embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Vorteile und Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert.
- Fig. 1A
- zeigt eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Luftverteileinheit in einem erfindungsgemäßen Luftverteilsystem gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
- Fig. 1B
- zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht der Luftverteileinheit gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel von
Fig. 1A , - Fig. 2A - 2C
- zeigen jeweils verschiedene schematische Einbausituationen eines Luftverteilsystems gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel
- Fig. 3A - 3G
- zeigen jeweils verschiedene Ansichten von Einbausituationen eines Luftverteilsystems gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel;
- Fig. 4A - 4E
- zeigen verschiedene Ansichten einer Umlenkeinheit gemäß dem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel,
- Fig. 5A - 5H
- zeigen verschiedene Ansichten einer Zufuhreinheit gemäß einem fünften Ausführungsbeispiel,
- Fig. 6A - 6D
- zeigen jeweils verschiedene Ansichten einer Luftverteileinheit gemäß einem sechsten Ausführungsbeispiel, und
- Fig. 7A - 7C
- zeigen verschiedene Ansichten einer Luftkanaladaptereinheit gemäß einem siebten Ausführungsbeispiel
- Fig. 1A
- shows a schematic plan view of an air distribution unit in an air distribution system according to the invention according to a first embodiment,
- Fig. 1B
- shows a schematic side view of the air distribution unit according to the first embodiment of
Fig. 1A . - Fig. 2A - 2C
- show in each case different schematic installation situations of an air distribution system according to a second embodiment
- Fig. 3A - 3G
- show different views of installation situations of an air distribution system according to a third embodiment;
- Fig. 4A - 4E
- show different views of a deflection unit according to the fourth embodiment,
- Fig. 5A - 5H
- show various views of a supply unit according to a fifth embodiment,
- Figs. 6A-6D
- show in each case different views of an air distribution unit according to a sixth embodiment, and
- Figs. 7A-7C
- show various views of an air duct adapter unit according to a seventh embodiment
In den zweiten Anschlüssen 30 kann beispielsweise jeweils eine Drosseleinheit 31 vorgesehen sein. Mittels der Drosseleinheiten 31 kann die Luftzufuhr bzw. der Luftdurchlass durch die jeweiligen zweiten Anschlüsse 30 gesteuert werden.In the
Gemäß der Erfindung kann einer der zweiten Anschlüsse 30 ohne Drosseleinheit 31 vorgesehen sein, so dass der Luftstrom durch diesen Anschluss 30 nicht in dem Anschluss selbst steuerbar ist. Andererseits kann der Luftfluss durch den Anschluss 30 ohne Drosseleinheit 31 durch Steuern der anderen beiden Drosseleinheiten 31 mit beeinflusst werden.According to the invention, one of the
In
Während in
In den
In
In
Das Luftverteilsystem gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung weist einen Zuluftkanal 200 und eine Entnahmeeinheit 210 als Übergang vom Zuluftkanal 200 zu einer Luftverteileinheit auf. An die Luftverteileinheit können mehrere Lüftungskanäle angeschlossen werden, um die Zuluft den jeweiligen Räumen zuzuführen.The air distribution system according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the invention has a
Die genaue Form der Umlenkeinheit 215 ist derart ausgebildet, dass sie bei Verwendung von jeweils einer Entnahmeeinheit 210 je Geschoss eine natürliche Balancierung (50%-50%) der Volumenströme in den Stockwerken ermöglicht. Beispielsweise strömt bei einem zweigeschossigen Gebäude mittels der Umlenkeinheit 215 ca. 50 % der Luft in das erste Stockwerk und ca. 50 % in das zweite Stockwerk.The exact shape of the
Die Luftverteileinheit 500 gemäß dem sechsten Ausführungsbeispiel kann an eine Zufuhreinheit gemäß dem fünften Ausführungsbeispiel angeschlossen werden, damit die Zuluft durch die Zufuhreinheiten in die Luftverteileinheit einströmen kann, um dort in mehrere Kanäle aufgeteilt zu werden.The
Im Bereich der mittleren beiden Abschnitte 512, 513 kann eine Brücke 546 vorgesehen sein. Im Bereich dieser Brücke 546 sind die Abschnitte 511 - 514 miteinander verbunden, mindestens durch nicht dargestellte Durchbrüche in den die Abschnitte 511 - 514 trennenden Wänden, bevor die Teilbereiche 541 - 544 wieder getrennt voneinander verlaufen. Im Bereich der Brücke 546 erfolgt ein Druckausgleich, abhängig von der Stellung der Drosseleinheiten, der die Einstellung der einzelnen Volumenströme in den Anschlüssen vereinfacht und möglichst rückwirkungsfrei macht, d.h. dass eine Veränderung der Stellung eines der eingebauten Drosselelemente 550 die anderen Volumenströme möglichst wenig beeinflusst.In the area of the middle two
Gemäß dem sechsten Ausführungsbeispiel können die Drosseleinheiten 550 entnommen werden und vor jeden der beispielswiese vier Anschlüsse 531 - 534 gesteckt werden, so dass jeder der Anschlüsse 531-534 separat verschlossen bzw. geöffnet werden kann. Erfindungsgemäß werden jedoch lediglich drei von vier der Anschlüsse mit einer Drosseleinheit 550 vorgesehen. Somit kann der Luftstrom durch den zweiten bis vierten Anschluss 532 - 534 durch die davor vorgesehenen Drosseleinheiten gesteuert werden. Der Durchfluss durch den ersten Anschluss 531 kann hingegen nur mittelbar durch Steuern der zweiten, dritten und vierten Drosseleinheit 550 gesteuert werden. Insbesondere kann der Luftdurchstrom des Anschlusses 531 nur mittelbar durch Steuern der anderen Drosseleinheiten 550 gesteuert werden. Vorzugsweise kann der Luftstrom, der durch den Anschluss 531 fließt, darüber hinaus durch die Versorgungsleitung gesteuert werden.According to the sixth embodiment, the
Claims (9)
- Air distribution system for ventilating buildings, having
at least one air distribution unit (20, 500), which has a first end having a first connection (10, 510) for coupling to an inlet duct or an outlet duct and a second end (22, 520) having n second connections (531 - 534) for coupling to ventilation ducts (40, 800), for distribution of an air flow from the first connection (10, 510) to the second connections (531 - 534) or for combining air flows from the second connections (531 - 534) to the first connection (10, 510),
wherein the air distribution unit (20, 500) has n - 1 throttle units (31; 550) for partially or completely opening and closing n - 1 inputs of n - 1 of the n second connections (532 - 534),
wherein the n - 1 throttle units (31; 550) are designed to control an air flow through the n - 1 second connections,
wherein the air flow through that second connection on which there is no throttle unit (31, 550) is controllable by the n - 1 throttle units (31, 550). - Air distribution system according to claim 1, wherein
the air distribution unit (500) has four duct sections (511 - 514) between the first end (510) and the second connections (531 - 534) on the second end (520) in order to forward air that arrives through the first end (510) preferably uniformly to the second connections (531 - 534). - Air distribution system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
there is a recess for receiving a throttle unit (550) on each input of the n second connections (531 - 534). - Air distribution system according to one of claims 1 to 3, having
an extraction unit (210) for diverting inlet air in an inlet air line or outlet air in an outlet air line,
wherein the extraction unit (210) has a deflection unit (215) which extends within an inlet line or the outlet air line, wherein the extraction unit (210) is placed in the inlet line (200) or the outlet air line,
wherein the deflection unit (215) is designed to deflect inlet air in the direction of an end (212) of the deflection unit or to defect outlet air out of the end (212) into the outlet air line. - Air distribution system according to claim 4, wherein
the deflection unit (215) has a recess (216) in the region of the first end (212). - Air distribution system according to one of claims 1 to 5, furthermore having
at least one supply unit (220) for supplying air from the deflection element to the air distribution units (500),
wherein the supply unit (220) has a first end (221) having a first section (221 a) and a second end (222) having a second section (222a),
wherein the dimensions of the second section (222a) are smaller than the dimensions of the first section (221a), so that a second end (222) of a supply unit (220) can be inserted into a first end (221) of a different supply unit. - Air distribution system according to claim 6, wherein
the supply unit (220) has a circumferential seal (226) on the first and/or second end (221, 222) thereof. - Method for controlling an air volume flow of an air distribution system for ventilating buildings, according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 7,
wherein, in a first method step, air is blown into the air distribution system via a first connection (10, 510) and
in a second method step, the air is distributed to n ventilation ducts (40, 800) by means of an air distribution unit (20, 500),
comprising the additional method step
that the air volume flow can be influenced on n - 1 throttle units (31, 550) by a partial or complete opening or closing of n -1 second connections (532 - 534) and
one connection (531) remains clear and cannot be influenced by a partial opening or closing,
wherein the air volume flow on the connection (531) which remains clear is controlled by means of the n - 1 throttle units (31, 550) of the other connections (532 - 534). - Method according to claim 8,
comprising the method step
that the throttle units (31, 550) are activated by means of motors and the motors are controlled by a control device.
Priority Applications (1)
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EP11000489.2A EP2479508B1 (en) | 2011-01-21 | 2011-01-21 | Air distribution system |
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EP11000489.2A EP2479508B1 (en) | 2011-01-21 | 2011-01-21 | Air distribution system |
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EP2479508A1 EP2479508A1 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
EP2479508B1 true EP2479508B1 (en) | 2016-10-12 |
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DE102022113941A1 (en) | 2022-06-02 | 2023-12-07 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Air distribution system |
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DE202014005721U1 (en) | 2014-07-15 | 2015-10-16 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Air distribution system |
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NL2026607B1 (en) * | 2020-10-02 | 2022-06-03 | Vero Duco Nv | Ventilation device and ventilation system |
EP4092348A1 (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-11-23 | Zehnder Group International AG | Air distributor unit |
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DE102022113941A1 (en) | 2022-06-02 | 2023-12-07 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Air distribution system |
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