EP2474009B1 - Dispositif d'actionnement électromagnétique bistable - Google Patents

Dispositif d'actionnement électromagnétique bistable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2474009B1
EP2474009B1 EP10743039.9A EP10743039A EP2474009B1 EP 2474009 B1 EP2474009 B1 EP 2474009B1 EP 10743039 A EP10743039 A EP 10743039A EP 2474009 B1 EP2474009 B1 EP 2474009B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unit
armature
permanent magnetic
accordance
coil unit
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EP10743039.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2474009A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Golz
Thomas Schiepp
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ETO Magnetic GmbH
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ETO Magnetic GmbH
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1669—Armatures actuated by current pulse, e.g. bistable actuators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bistable electromagnetic actuator according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a bistable electromagnetic actuator according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Such a device is known from the prior art DE 103 10 448 A1 known.
  • Electromagnetic actuators in the form of actuators are used for a variety of control purposes, such as for the adjustment of a camshaft between different engagement positions in motor vehicles.
  • conventional actuators which are typically realized with a pull-in anchor, have a single stable position (setting position), in which the armature is usually held by a spring.
  • the coil unit In order to achieve a second setting position, the coil unit is subjected to a voltage application, with the effect that the spring force of the spring is overcome and the armature is moved into the second setting position.
  • the coil unit In such (monostable) actuators, the coil unit must be permanently energized to hold the anchor permanently in the second position, so that monostable solutions due to energy consumption are not or only limited for applications where the actuator is often in the second Parking position is.
  • bistable actuators are known from the prior art, in which the second setting position can be achieved by a time-limited (typically pulse-shaped) energization of the coil unit and then the armature in this position remains currentless (relative to the Spulenbestromung) stably.
  • An example of such a known device shows the DE 201 14 466 U1 ,
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electromagnetic actuator, which allows energetically favorable and with short switching times, the movement of the armature unit between the two parking positions, wherein both the movement of the armature unit from the first to the second control position, as well as the movement of the second setting position in the first position quickly, without external mechanical influence on the armature unit (by a control partner) and while minimizing switching times and energy consumption to be enabled, and wherein an additional control position is to be enabled.
  • bistable electromagnetic actuator with the features of the main claim; advantageous developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.
  • a first permanent magnet of the permanent magnet means is attracted to the armature of the coil unit (according to a preferred embodiment: a magnetically effective combination of coil unit and stationary core area axially surrounding a central region of the armature), while simultaneously, opposite to the coil unit, the electromagnetic Repulsion of a second permanent magnet at the anchor takes place. Accordingly, a bistable, with regard to the switching and movement behavior symmetrical driving of the armature with optimized switching times is possible in a very effective manner.
  • the coil unit is to be energized so that the repulsive effect on the permanent magnets adhering to the core region exceeds the permanent magnetic adhesive force; In addition, the permanent magnetic attraction by the (axially opposite) another permanent magnet is effective.
  • the armature unit is elongate in order to realize this basic functionality and has a central shaft section, which according to the invention extends through the coil unit or the stationary core area and at both ends realizes a permanent magnet, in each case more preferably in a disc shape. is provided with further magnetically conductive elements for flow guidance.
  • each end ansitzenden permanent magnets are increased in diameter.
  • such a device can be configured axially centrally or eccentrically with regard to the armature guide, and other obliquely inclined configurations are also conceivable.
  • the armature unit for realizing the engagement means frontally (one or both ends) on a preferably flat surface (anchor end face) on which then sits a plunger unit and is moved with the armature unit; this ram unit is then for cooperation with an actuator (aggregate), e.g. a camshaft for the adjustment formed.
  • an actuator e.g. a camshaft for the adjustment formed.
  • the invention makes it possible for such a metallic ram unit to be magnetically adhered to an armature end face, for example by means of the permanent-magnetic adhesive force of the permanent magnet means, insofar as a detachable connection is possible. It is also possible according to further education and provided to form a plurality of such plunger.
  • the plunger unit is intended to form the plunger unit not exclusively of magnetic or magnetically conductive material; Rather, it is useful for applications in which on the one hand the described releasable adhesion between the anchor unit and ram unit is to be achieved, on the other hand, however, the unwanted adhesion of metallic abrasion in the control range is to be avoided on the plunger unit, meaning the anchor unit opposite engagement region of the plunger unit from a not Magnetic material to be realized, which also further education according to its hardness, toughness or the like. for interaction with the engagement partner (e.g., the camshaft) can be optimized by suitable material treatment.
  • the engagement partner e.g., the camshaft
  • both sections magnetically one hand for adhering to or on the armature end face, non-magnetic for an aggregate engagement on the other hand
  • connection methods such as sintering, friction welding or the like
  • armature unit in one or both directions of the movement longitudinal axis
  • a spring action e.g compression spring
  • Such a spring eg compression spring to support the anchor end face at one or both ends, wherein such support both inside (ie in the movement space between the core area and permanent magnet), as well as outward (about a ram unit surrounding) can be done.
  • a further preferred embodiment provides for the bistable actuating device before a housing, which takes over, consisting of magnetically conductive material, tasks of the flux conduction of the magnetic flux and insofar as parallel to the longitudinal axis of movement preferably extends between the parking positions of the both sides provided on the armature unit permanent magnets.
  • the housing by means of at least one bow-shaped housing element, advantageously not the housing to the entire circumference the permanent magnet means extends, but here only legs of a further preferred U (alternatively L) -shaped element are provided. If a pair of such brackets, axially aligned along respective openings for guiding the armature (more precisely, the shaft portion between the permanent magnets), then interleaved, creates an easy to install, mechanically stable and magnetically effective housing construction.
  • the electromagnetic actuator according to the invention is envisaged to form the electromagnetic actuator according to the invention as a tristable electromagnetic actuator, which is intended to fall within the scope of the invention, the term “tristable” as a special education under the general term “bistable”.
  • the term "tristable” as a special education under the general term “bistable”.
  • it is of the invention according to a preferred embodiment comprises not (only) to realize two stable states by means of the device according to the invention, but to allow a third stable state in addition. According to training in the context of the invention, this is done by a third (preferably stable) center position along the longitudinal axis of movement of the armature unit can be taken stable by the device, more preferably in that here, too, the armature remains in this position without current (ie without current supply to the coil unit).
  • this tristability-inducing position is achieved by the fact that the permanent magnet means of the armature unit, which are advantageously provided at both ends, cooperate with a (central) stationary core area in such a way that none of the permanent magnet units adhere to the core unit by opposing attractive forces. preferably the same distance) from the core unit, with the result that the armature unit occupies the stable third setting position in the middle between the end-side setting positions.
  • the armature unit can be moved into this third setting position by (once) pulse-shaped energization, whereby a further (one-time) pulse, in one or the other direction, is triggered by energizing pulses of corresponding polarity.
  • a further (one-time) pulse in one or the other direction, is triggered by energizing pulses of corresponding polarity.
  • it has proven to be favorable to keep the stable end position either de-energized or by means of an AC signal for the coil unit (or even to reach in the first place).
  • the advantageous Tristabiltician then allows completely new areas of application and control tasks, especially those in which then selectively an anchor unit along a longitudinal movement axis can be spent in one of three separate, each stable positions, and advantageously at least two of these, further preferably all three , are each currentless stable.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrate the essential functional components for realizing the bistable electromagnetic actuator according to a first preferred embodiment, including sketched field progressions:
  • An anchor unit consisting of an armature shaft 10, both permanent magnet disks 12 and 14, the permanent magnet discs each axially outwardly final armature discs 16, 18 and the permanent magnet discs 12, 14 axially inwardly delimiting inner discs 20, 22 is guided axially displaceably in a stationary core assembly 24.
  • the core unit 24 cooperates with a coil unit 26, which (see in particular the sectional views of FIGS FIGS. 3, 4 ) is arranged surrounding the shaft portion 10. Radially shell side, the arrangement is enclosed by a stationary housing shell 30th
  • the bistability of this arrangement is achieved in that in a respective end state (setting position) in the axial direction of one of the permanent magnets 12, 14 (via the intermediate discs 20 and 22) adheres to the magnetic core 24; so stuck in the parking position of the FIG. 1 the right-side permanent magnet 14 on the core unit 24, while the permanent magnet 12 is axially extended.
  • the FIG. 2 illustrates the reverse, axially shifted state of the armature (second setting position).
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 clarify in this context, the effect of the permanent magnet or a Bestromungsimpulses the coil:
  • the FIG. 3 according to the position of FIG. 1 illustrates the permanent magnetic field of the disc-shaped permanent magnets 12, 14 (axially magnetized in the manner shown), wherein the magnetic circuit via the discs 16, 20 and 18, 22 and the enclosing housing or the shaft 10 is closed.
  • FIGS. 5, 6 illustrate how the housing 30 can be made in an elegant way from bow-shaped elements space and effort saving; more precisely, one is in the Fig. 5 shown U-shaped bracket member 34 formed of a pair of legs 36 (these extend, see the illustration of FIG. 6 , parallel to the axial direction of movement) and a central portion 38, which connects both legs 36.
  • the central portion 38 has a central opening 39 through which the shaft portion 10 of the armature can move.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates how in nested fashion a pair of housing elements 34 form the housing for the actuator and internally enclose the core or coil area 24, 26, while seated on the shaft 10 at the end, the respective disk-shaped permanent magnets with associated inner or armature disks, between the respective pairs of legs 36, can be guided to the outside.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 illustrates that a front-side outer surface of the armature discs 17 and 18 offers different ways to drive it rests pusher elements (ram units) 40.
  • at least one plunger element 40 (alternatively also two or more, cf. FIGS. 8, 9 , where the FIG. 9 also in the opposite direction a plunger element carries) by means of magnetic adhesive force, characterized in that the plunger element 40 is held by magnetic material from the permanent magnet 12 and 14 on the respective flat face (this can be axially parallel, centric, alternatively also skewed, depending on Configuration).
  • the elongate cylindrically shown tappet unit is formed from a plurality of axially adjoining sections;
  • a section which engages on the outer surface of the armature disk is preferably magnetic in order to achieve the advantageous releasable adhesive effect.
  • a setting partner such as a camshaft
  • this has the advantage that in practical operation then no magnetic abrasion can adhere.
  • the described sections may then be suitably, e.g. via sintering, friction welding or the like. Permanently and permanently are joined together.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate ways how, building on the configuration of FIGS. 1 or 2, one or two compression springs 50, 52 (from the outside) and 54 (between the core and inner disc 20, 22) force-enhancing, damping or other otherwise known manner can be used.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate an embodiment of the present invention, wherein like reference numerals with the first embodiment in this regard denote identical or equivalent functional components.
  • Fig. 12 illustrates the slightly different structural design of the armature unit, in which case the central shaft portion 10 has been supplemented in addition to permanent magnetic flux-conducting sections 60, which allow the same core side as disks 62 a Flußleit Sign on the surrounding housing 30.
  • the closed thin arrowheads 66 illustrate a permanent magnetic flux in which Fig. 12 symmetrically shown holding the armature unit in a central position between both end positions, as related to the described first embodiment, allows. More specifically, two in Fig.
  • This intermediate state can be achieved by a pulse-shaped temporary energizing of the coil unit so as to bring the armature unit into this state, wherein the energizing is terminated before a stop takes place at the opposite end.
  • Fig. 12 illustrates the now possible energization, as by a pulse and arrow 70, a repulsive effect in the left - side area is generated in the figure (as far as the left - side arrow is enlarged compared to the right), with the effect that in response to the Strominpuls the Anchor moved to the right end position from the stable center position.
  • the present invention is particularly suitable for forming a camshaft adjustment, so that the use for the purpose of the camshaft adjustment of an internal combustion engine is claimed as belonging to the present invention.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto. Rather, the present invention is suitable for any setting purpose, which allows or uses a bistable electromagnetic locations.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Dispositif de réglage électromagnétique bistable, comprenant
    une unité d'induit (10, 12, 10 14, 16, 18, 20, 22) qui peut se déplacer par rapport à une unité de bobine (26) fixe et en réaction à une alimentation électrique de celle-ci le long d'un axe longitudinal de déplacement entre au moins deux positions de réglage,
    laquelle possède des moyens de mise en prise (40) à une ou aux deux extrémités pour coopérer avec un groupe à régler monté en aval,
    l'unité d'induit possédant, dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal de déplacement des deux côtés de l'unité de bobine, des moyens d'aimant permanent (12, 14) qui, en vue de la coopération avec une zone de noyau (24) fixe associée à l'unité de bobine, sont configurés de telle sorte qu'en tant que réaction à l'alimentation électrique de l'unité de bobine avec un signal de tension continue ayant une première polarité, l'unité d'induit est amenée dans une première des positions de réglage, de préférence du côté de l'extrémité et stable à l'état hors tension,
    et en tant que réaction à l'alimentation électrique de l'unité de bobine avec un signal de tension continue ayant une deuxième polarité, l'unité d'induit est amenée dans une deuxième des positions de réglage, opposée dans le sens axial à la première position de réglage, de préférence du côté de l'extrémité et stable à l'état hors tension,
    l'unité d'induit étant de configuration allongée et possédant une portion de tige (10) présente au centre, laquelle s'étend à travers l'unité de bobine et/ou la zone de noyau,
    le dispositif de réglage étant logé dans un boîtier (30) constitué d'un matériau magnétiquement conducteur, caractérisé en ce que
    la portion de tige (10) possède en plus des portions (60) conductrices de flux à magnétisation permanente séparées, rattachées des deux côtés au moyen d'aimant permanent respectif,
    la zone de noyau possédant également aux deux extrémités des disques (62) conducteurs de flux à magnétisation permanente,
    de sorte que l'unité d'induit peut être amenée dans une troisième des positions de réglage à laquelle, du fait des forces d'attraction mutuellement opposées des moyens d'aimant permanent, aucun des moyens d'aimant permanent n'adhère à la zone de noyau, en ce que dans la troisième position de réglage, la portion conductrice de flux (60) respective et le disque (62) conducteur de flux associé rendent possible, pour chaque moyen d'aimant permanent, un flux magnétique permanent (66) fermé par le boîtier environnant,
    la troisième position de réglage se trouvant le long de la direction de l'axe de mouvement entre la première position de réglage du côté de l'extrémité et la deuxième position de réglage du côté de l'extrémité.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone de noyau ainsi que les moyens d'aimant permanent sont configurés de telle sorte que dans la première et/ou la deuxième position de réglage, les moyens d'aimant permanent adhèrent à la zone de noyau.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de bobine et la zone de noyau coopèrent avec les moyens d'aimant permanent de telle sorte que l'alimentation électrique, de préférence en forme d'impulsion unique, provoque une répulsion magnétique d'un premier aimant permanent des moyens d'aimant permanent ainsi qu'une attraction magnétique d'un deuxième aimant permanent des moyens d'aimant permanent, opposé axialement par rapport à l'unité de bobine, pour une opération de réglage de la première à la deuxième position de réglage.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la troisième position de réglage et stable à l'état hors tension et/ou se trouve au centre entre la première position de réglage du côté de l'extrémité et la deuxième position de réglage du côté de l'extrémité.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'induit passe à travers l'unité de bobine (26) ou la zone de noyau (24) au centre ou de manière excentrée dans le sens axial.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'aimant permanent possèdent des aimants permanents (12, 14), de préférence en forme de disque, présents dans le sens axial des deux côtés de l'unité de bobine et/ou de la zone de noyau.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de mise en prise sont réalisés sous la forme d'une surface frontale d'induit (16, 18) en forme de disque qui déplace une unité à poussoir (40) qui coopère avec la surface frontale d'induit.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'unité à poussoir (40) est amovible et maintenue sur la surface frontale d'induit par l'effet d'adhérence magnétique permanent des moyens d'aimant permanent.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que l'unité à poussoir possède plusieurs portions dans le sens axial, une première portion orientée sur la surface frontale d'induit étant constituée de matériau magnétique et une deuxième portion adjointe dans le sens axial, qui coopère avec le groupe, est non magnétique.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la première et la deuxième portion sont reliées ensemble de manière inamovible, notamment par frittage ou par soudage par friction.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième portion est de configuration trempée et/ou résistante à l'usure au moins à une extrémité de mise en prise pour la coopération avec le groupe.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'induit coopère à une ou aux deux extrémités avec des moyens ressorts (50, 52, 54), les moyens ressorts s'appuyant de préférence depuis une surface frontale d'induit (16, 18) axiale de l'unité d'induit.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier est réalisé au moyen d'un élément de boîtier en forme d'étrier et/ou en forme de U ou de L en coupe longitudinale, dont l'au moins une branche (36) s'étend parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal de déplacement, l'élément de boîtier possédant une percée (39) destinée au passage d'une portion centrale et/ou de liaison (10) entre les aimants permanents de l'unité d'induit.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier possède une paire d'éléments de boîtier conçus emboîtés l'un dans l'autre et/ou l'un contre l'autre, en forme d'étrier et pourvus de percées respectivement orientées dans le sens axial.
EP10743039.9A 2009-09-01 2010-08-11 Dispositif d'actionnement électromagnétique bistable Active EP2474009B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009039562.8A DE102009039562B4 (de) 2009-09-01 2009-09-01 Bistabile elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung
PCT/EP2010/004890 WO2011026553A1 (fr) 2009-09-01 2010-08-11 Dispositif d'actionnement électromagnétique bistable

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EP2474009A1 EP2474009A1 (fr) 2012-07-11
EP2474009B1 true EP2474009B1 (fr) 2018-01-24

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DE (1) DE102009039562B4 (fr)
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WO2021110944A1 (fr) 2019-12-06 2021-06-10 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Actionneur électromagnétique avec position intermédiaire

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US9583249B2 (en) 2014-10-31 2017-02-28 Husco Automotive Holdings Llc Methods and systems for push pin actuator
DE102016106805A1 (de) 2016-04-13 2017-10-19 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Stromlos monostabile elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung und Verwendung einer solchen
FR3087935B1 (fr) * 2018-10-26 2021-05-14 Moving Magnet Tech Actionneur bistable unipolaire de type balistique
DE102019215285A1 (de) * 2019-10-04 2021-04-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffzellenschließsystem

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021110944A1 (fr) 2019-12-06 2021-06-10 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Actionneur électromagnétique avec position intermédiaire
US11967460B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2024-04-23 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Electromagnetic actuator with intermediate position

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DE102009039562A1 (de) 2011-03-03
EP2474009A1 (fr) 2012-07-11
WO2011026553A1 (fr) 2011-03-10

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