EP2473772A1 - Befüllen von speicherbehältern mit verdichteten medien - Google Patents

Befüllen von speicherbehältern mit verdichteten medien

Info

Publication number
EP2473772A1
EP2473772A1 EP10747165A EP10747165A EP2473772A1 EP 2473772 A1 EP2473772 A1 EP 2473772A1 EP 10747165 A EP10747165 A EP 10747165A EP 10747165 A EP10747165 A EP 10747165A EP 2473772 A1 EP2473772 A1 EP 2473772A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
storage container
medium
cooling
pressure storage
compressed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10747165A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wilfried Henning Reese
Heinz Posselt
Harald Kraus
Tobias Kederer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP2473772A1 publication Critical patent/EP2473772A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/002—Automated filling apparatus
    • F17C5/007—Automated filling apparatus for individual gas tanks or containers, e.g. in vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
    • F17C2205/0142—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0149—Vessel mounted inside another one
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0304—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using an electric heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0311—Air heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F17C2227/043—Methods for emptying or filling by pressure cascade
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/01—Intermediate tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0631—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F17C2260/025—Reducing transfer time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refueling vehicle fuel tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0186—Applications for fluid transport or storage in the air or in space
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for filling a storage container, in particular a storage container of a vehicle, with a compressed medium, in particular with compressed hydrogen, comprising
  • the invention relates to a method for filling a storage container, in particular a storage container of a vehicle, with a compressed medium, in particular with compressed hydrogen, wherein the medium is temporarily stored in at least one high-pressure storage container and immediately before being fed into the storage container to be filled within Having a predetermined temperature interval lying temperature.
  • a generic arrangement and a generic method for filling a storage container, in particular a storage container of a vehicle, with a compressed medium, in particular with compressed hydrogen are known from the German patent application 102009019275 not previously published.
  • vehicle are below all types of land, air and water vehicles to understand in which a refueling with a pressurized gaseous medium, in particular with hydrogen, can be realized.
  • medium is to be understood below inter alia gases and gas mixtures. At present, nearly all vehicle manufacturers have vehicles with them
  • Fuel cell drives or modified internal combustion engines are tested in which hydrogen is used as an energy source.
  • the storage of gaseous hydrogen is tested under a pressure of up to 700 bar.
  • Compressor system dimensioned or designed so that the required volume flows can be guaranteed.
  • the following requirements are placed on hydrogen filling stations: Refueling of a vehicle tank with 5 kg of hydrogen under a pressure of 700 bar at room temperature; the filling or refueling time is a maximum of 180 seconds; the vehicle tank may warm to a maximum of 85 ° C during filling; At least three refueling operations within 45 minutes and 10 refuelings per day should be possible.
  • a liquefied storage tank is provided, preferably provided with a vacuum super insulation
  • cryopumps In order to compress the approximately pressureless stored liquid hydrogen to the desired storage pressure of up to 700 bar, so-called.
  • Liquid or Cryopumps provided.
  • the compression of the hydrogen by means of such cryopumps is comparatively economical and cost-effective, since in the case of liquid conveying or compression, only a small amount of compression work has to be done.
  • Cryopump is comparatively low; it amounts to approx. 50 K.
  • the hydrogen compressed to a pressure of 700 bar must be pre-cooled or warmed up to a temperature of -40 ° C immediately before being fed into the vehicle tank. Due to the
  • Vehicle tank specifications are also not allowed for temperatures lower than -40 ° C.
  • the hydrogen flow to be supplied to the vehicle tank is thus to be conditioned to a comparatively narrow temperature range of about -38 to -40 ° C.
  • German patent application 102009019275 is a method for refueling a vehicle with a pressurized gaseous
  • Medium in particular with pressurized, gaseous hydrogen, in which the medium to be supplied to the vehicle tank is cooled by means of a thermoblock to a temperature within the predetermined temperature interval and / or heated.
  • the object of the present invention is to specify a generic arrangement and a generic method for filling a storage container, in particular a storage container of a vehicle, with a compressed medium, in particular compressed hydrogen, which avoids the disadvantages associated with the above-described methods.
  • Storage container in particular a storage container of a vehicle, with a compressed medium, in particular with compressed hydrogen, proposed, which is characterized in that the high-pressure storage container associated with means for cooling and / or heating.
  • High-pressure storage tanks which are used for intermediate storage of the medium, cooled and / or warmed.
  • Cached medium now according to the invention substantially at the temperature at which it is supplied to the storage container to be filled, cached.
  • Coolant is used, is arranged _
  • cooling liquid a glycol-water mixture, a cooling oil and / or a potassium formate solution is used, wherein the cooling liquid a
  • Corrosion protection additive may be added, - if the line system is at least partially cooled by means of a cooling medium, the cooling liquid is used as the cooling medium, the means for cooling and / or heating the high-pressure storage container as the one or more high-pressure storage tanks associated cooling and / or heating device are formed, the cryopump and / or the compressor at least one heat exchanger, which is preferably designed as an air heat exchanger and / or electric heater is connected downstream, the compressor at least one heat exchanger, which is preferably designed as an air heat exchanger and / or electric heater is connected upstream, and - at least a portion of the conduit system, within the
  • Coolant is arranged, is designed as a heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 1 shows a reservoir S for liquefied hydrogen, which has a storage volume between 10 and 200 m 3 of hydrogen.
  • Storage tanks for liquefied hydrogen are well known in the art. In the context of hydrogen filling stations, they are preferably underground and arranged to be moved over by the vehicles to be refueled.
  • cryopump V and a compressor V are provided.
  • the cryopump V is isolated via line 1, which is preferably vacuum (super) is formed, supplied from the reservoir S with liquid hydrogen.
  • the cryopumps V which are used in practice are specifically geared to the requirements of refueling vehicles. They offer the possibility of compressing liquid hydrogen from approx. 1 bara up to 900 bar in a two-stage compression process.
  • gaseous hydrogen can be withdrawn from the reservoir S and compressed by means of the compressor or the compression unit V to a pressure between 100 and 700 bar.
  • a plurality of high pressure storage tanks A and B are provided. In practice, these are usually at least three
  • the high-pressure storage tanks A are designed for a storage pressure of between 400 and 700 bar, while the high-pressure storage tanks B are designed for a storage pressure of between 300 and 500 bar.
  • further storage containers which are designed, for example, for a storage pressure of between 50 and 400 bar, are provided.
  • the high-pressure storage tanks A / B are now assigned means for cooling and / or heating the high-pressure storage tanks.
  • these means for cooling and / or heating as a high-pressure storage container A / B surrounding container 6, in which a cooling liquid 7 is arranged formed.
  • This cooling fluid is, for example, a glycol / water mixture or a cooling oil suitable for the application.
  • a heat exchanger E which is in operative connection with a cooling system, not shown in the figure, the cooling liquid 7 heat can be supplied or withdrawn.
  • the means for cooling and / or heating the high pressure storage tanks A / B may also be configured as a cooling and / or heating device associated with the individual high pressure storage tank A / B.
  • the above-described system is to be interpreted in such a way that the medium temporarily stored in the high-pressure storage containers A / B is conveyed via the lines 3 or 3 at substantially the temperature with which it is to be filled the storage container, which is not shown in the figure for clarity. 4 and 5 is supplied, is cached. So if a temperature of -20 ° C or -40 ° C is required at the transfer point (filling pin, Nozzle, etc.), the storage of the medium in the high-pressure storage tanks A / B should also in this
  • Storage tank A / B are emptied, is supplied via the line sections 1, 2 and 5 of the means of the cryopump V to a pressure of up to 900 bar compressed hydrogen to the vehicle tank. It is particularly advantageous that during the overflow of the medium or hydrogen from the storage tanks A B in the storage container to be filled, the hydrogen is released and the resulting
  • the high-pressure storage tank A / B emptied, they are filled again by means of the cryopump V and / or by means of the compressor V.
  • the compressed medium via the line sections 2 and 3 and / or 4, the high-pressure storage tanks A / B is supplied.
  • the line section 2 two
  • Heat exchangers E1 and E2 are provided, wherein the first heat exchanger E1 in the flow direction is preferably designed as an air heat exchanger with or without fan and / or electric heater, while the second heat exchanger E2 is disposed within the cooling liquid 7.
  • This second heat exchanger E2 is preferably designed as a tube heat exchanger. It takes place in him
  • the heat exchanger E1 and / or E3 must ensure this supply of the required heat.
  • the compressor V is usually for a pressure range up to max. 450 bar, while cryopumps V currently up to max. Compress 900 bar. Because of these different pressure ranges, cryopump V and compressor V in practice fill different high-pressure storage vessels A / B, which is why in the embodiment shown in the figure, the medium compressed by means of compressor V is supplied via line sections 2 'and 3 only to high-pressure storage vessel A. becomes. About the dashed line shown 2 ", the medium compressed by the compressor V also the high-pressure storage tanks A / B are supplied.
  • Compression unit V upstream heat exchanger E1 ⁇ is preferably designed as an air heat exchanger and / or electric heater heated. While the outlet temperature of the hydrogen in the line 1 or ⁇ corresponds to the boiling temperature of the reservoir S and thus is between about 21 and 50 K, the
  • Heat exchanger E1 " which is preferably thermally coupled to the heat exchanger E1 ', cooled, preferably already to the desired storage temperature of, for example -20 or -40 ° C. If still necessary, carried out in the heat exchanger E2, the alignment to the exact, desired storage temperature As an alternative to the procedure shown in Figure 2, the to be compacted or compressed Medium flow through the thermally coupled heat exchangers EV and E1 "in cocurrent or countercurrent.
  • the storage of the medium to be compressed now takes place in a storage container S ', preferably in a compressed gas storage which is suitable for the storage of media in the gaseous state.
  • the withdrawn via line 1 from the reservoir S 'hydrogen is now compressed in a compressor or a compression unit V to the desired pressure.
  • the compression work of the compressor V leads to a heating of the compressed medium, so that its compressor outlet temperature is about 10 to 150 ° C.
  • the compressed hydrogen is heated to approximately
  • the heat exchanger E10 is usually as an air-water heat exchanger
  • downstream heat exchanger E11 is carried out using a refrigeration system X, a cooling of the compressed hydrogen to the desired storage temperature.
  • the thus cooled hydrogen is supplied to the high-pressure storage tanks A / B after passing through the heat exchangers E10 and E11 via line 23.
  • the refrigeration system X is connected via the refrigerant lines 30 and 31 with the
  • Heat exchanger E11 connected.
  • the refrigeration system X via the line 32 and the heat exchanger E12 of the cooling liquid 7 heat or dissipate heat from the cooling liquid 7.
  • the inventive arrangement and the inventive method for filling a storage container with a compressed medium now provides the ability to provide the to be filled storage tank to be supplied medium at any time and without Vorkühl- or lead time at a desired or required temperature.
  • the desired low temperature is only available when the pressure increasing means, such as the cryopump, are in operation. So far, the required mass flow media was warmed or cooled to the required temperature at each refueling operation. However, this leads to the need having to provide significant overcapacity in order to respond to demand in the short term.
  • both the inventive arrangement and the inventive method for filling a storage container with a compressed medium in a variety of applications - and not only in the refueling of hydrogen vehicles - can be used.
  • the invention always has advantages when a compressed medium is to be transferred within a required temperature range and within a comparatively short filling time in a storage container to be filled.
EP10747165A 2009-09-01 2010-08-06 Befüllen von speicherbehältern mit verdichteten medien Withdrawn EP2473772A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102009039645A DE102009039645A1 (de) 2009-09-01 2009-09-01 Befüllen von Speicherbehältern mit verdichteten Medien
PCT/EP2010/004836 WO2011026551A1 (de) 2009-09-01 2010-08-06 Befüllen von speicherbehältern mit verdichteten medien

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