EP2470731A1

EP2470731A1 - Shaped article for absorbing, reflecting and/or attenuating airborne sound waves

Info

Publication number: EP2470731A1
Application number: EP09787056A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Claudio Hils; Thomas Petzoldt; Thomas Gruber
Original assignee: Gruber Thomas; Hils Claudio; Petzoldt Thomas
Current assignee: Gruber Thomas; Hils Claudio; Petzoldt Thomas
Priority date: 2009-08-28
Filing date: 2009-08-28
Publication date: 2012-07-04
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-28
Also published as: EP2470731B1; WO2011024034A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a shaped article (1) for absorbing, reflecting and attenuating airborne sound waves, the article comprising two groups of plate elements (30, 31) that intersect each other and are connected to each other at the intersecting points (81) by connecting slots. The shape of the shaped article and the position and deflection of the plate elements (30, 31) are the result of the predetermined contour of the plate elements and of the position and direction of connecting slots. The plate elements (30, 31) of each group are characterized by different widening or narrowing angles (33) in relation to each other, inclinations arranged in a preferred direction, varying distances to each other, different curvatures and/or different edge contours. The shaped articles comprise a plurality of cells (27) having different geometries, the different geometries of the cells, the size of the cells and the quantity, the distance, the inclination, and the depth of the plate elements of each plate group resulting in both a distance between the plate elements and a distance-to-depth ratio such that certain frequency ranges are absorbed, reflected and/or attenuated.

Description

Shaped body for absorption, reflection and / or attenuation of airborne sound waves.

This invention relates to a system for absorbing, reflecting and / or damping airborne sound waves. In a planar or barrel-shaped arrangement, skeletal shaped bodies according to the invention serve to effectively influence airborne sound waves.

State of the art

For absorption, reflection or attenuation of airborne sound waves a variety of structures are known, which consist of porous materials, funnel-, ke- wellen- or pyramidal surfaces or consist of columnar structures with certain height and cross-sectional distributions. Known geometries are characterized by compact moldings, by layers, perforated plates or other form elements. The acoustic effectiveness of these structures is usually determined by a frequency-dependent absorption coefficient for airborne sound waves.

The disadvantages of these known solutions consist on the one hand in a generally high construction cost and on the other hand in limited design options both in terms of their use in interiors and in terms of their adaptation to specific acoustic conditions.

The object of the invention is that the skeleton structure according to the invention can be adapted to specific spatial and acoustic conditions with a constant basic structure of the molded body. Without changing the simple design principle of the moldings, the desired acoustic effect is achieved by suitable choice of the size, shape and depth of the skeleton structure and the material used, the material thickness, the inclination, the distance, the bending and the edge contours of plate elements, while taking into account local requirements.

Subject of the invention

The invention relates to a system for absorbing, reflecting and / or damping airborne sound waves. In planar (Fig. 1, Pos. 1), (Fig. 2, Pos. 2), (Fig. 3, Pos. 3), (Fig. 4, Pos. 4), (Fig. 7, Pos. 79 ) or barrel-shaped closed (Fig. 5, Pos. 5, 6), (Fig. 6, Pos. 7) arrangement serve the skeletal shaped body according to the invention of the effective damping of airborne sound waves. The special construction comprises flocks of inclined and curved plate elements (Fig. 1, Pos. 30, 31), (Fig. 2, Pos. 39), (Fig. 3, Pos. 40, 41), (Fig. 4, Pos 42), (Fig. 5, Pos. 43, 44, 45), (Fig. 6, Pos. 46, 47), whereby cells with different geometry (Fig. 1, Item 27), (Fig , Pos. 29), (Fig. 3, Pos. 62), (Fig. 4, Pos. 63), (Fig. 5, Pos. 80), (Fig. 6, Pos. 77), (Fig , Pos. 69) cause a reduction of the acoustic reverberation time in different frequency ranges.

By reflection of sound waves on the surfaces of the plate elements, the amplitudes decrease according to the degree of absorption of the material used with the number of reflections. For optimum absorption of airborne sound waves at the surface of the base material-in particular in the range of frequencies above 1000 Hz-open-cell foams, especially melamine resin foams, are preferably used. Frequently, public and private spaces are designed and equipped without paying sufficient attention to room acoustics. The subsequent installation of a conventional acoustic ceiling or wall paneling is very expensive or often not possible for reasons of space. Also conventional acoustic elements are usually optically not very attractive. The shaped bodies according to the invention (FIG. 1, item 1), (FIG. 2, item 2), (FIG. 3, item 3), (FIG. 4, item 4), (FIG. 5, pos. 5, 6), (Fig. 6, Pos. 7), (Fig. 7, Pos. 79) allow adapted and the space corresponding solutions to improve the room acoustics, the room is upgraded at the same time optically. For each specific application, a room can be assessed in advance by calculation or experiment, in which the effect is assessed by the use of the moldings.

The skeleton-like structures are calculated for each room without great effort, adapted to a wide range of environments via predefined design parameters and made to order. The moldings can serve as a support structure for covering with textiles, paper, plastic films, technical fabrics and / or perforated materials or with any combination of these materials.

At the same time, e.g. achieved shading or optically subdivided a room. The use of skeletal shaped bodies is extremely versatile. They are particularly suitable as aesthetically high-quality solutions for:

Wall coverings.

Ceiling panels.

window coverings

Room divider.

Shading systems.

Gratings for covering openings.

Light Body.

Decorative elements.

Sculptures.

As a result of the construction of the shaped bodies, a separation surface (FIG. 1, item 32) results on two sides (FIG. 1, item 26, 28), which is defined by the positions of the points of intersection (FIG. 1, item 81). Fig. 5, Pos. 82), (Fig. 6, Pos. 83) is determined, depending a crowd of plate elements whose number, screening and depth can be freely selected on both sides. In principle, the envelope volumes described by the skeletal shaped bodies divide into two halves through a virtual separation surface (FIG. 1, item 32), with two sets of plate elements intersecting one another.

Corresponding to the intersecting plate groups in each half-volume (Fig. 1, Pos. 26, 28) of the skeleton, the sound energy is polarized in each half-volume, which is achieved by the combination of the two half-volumes in the cells of different geometry of the desired absorption effect.

In the absorption of sound waves, the so-called lower limit frequency plays a role below which no significant attenuation values can be achieved. This cutoff frequency is determined by the typical length of a damping element used, which must not be less than one quarter of the wavelength of the cutoff frequency. At a frequency of 150 Hz, e.g. a typical length of about 565 mm. With vertical sound incidence on the moldings according to the invention, their depth can be considered as this typical length, while oblique sound incidence rather the distance between the plate elements is relevant.

By a suitable choice of the depth of the plate elements (Fig. 12, Pos. 48), (Fig. 8, Pos. 49) and the distance (Fig. 3, Pos. 35, 36) between the plate elements, the degree of absorption - in particular at Frequencies in the range of 150 Hz to 1000 Hz - on be adapted to a desired frequency range, in which particularly good

Dampening values are to be achieved.

In addition to the basic shape, which basically describes a shaped body, periodic disturbing functions are superimposed, as a result of which wavy deflections (FIG. 4, FIG.

Pos. 37, 38) of the plate elements within the given basic shape. The

Waveform varies the distance (Fig. 3, Pos. 35, 36) between the individual

Plate elements and thus covers a wider range of attenuation.

The fact that the plate elements have asymmetrical, varying distances, curvatures and different shapes, which is effective for the sound attenuation

Frequency range scattered.

The reflection of sound waves directly back into the free space is hindered if the surfaces of adjacent plate elements have different distances extending towards the inner separation surface (FIG. 1, item 33). In this variant according to the invention, the angles between adjacent plate elements open towards the separating surface (FIG. 1, item 32) of a shaped body (FIG. 1, item 33). The result is a polarization and diffusion of the waves on the front flock of plate elements, the wavefronts are reflected back to the rear plate flock of the skeleton whose plate elements are polarizing to the front plate flock.

Alternatively, it is possible according to the invention to arrange the plate elements such that their distances narrow towards the inner separating surface (FIG. 2, item 34). This causes a polarizing concentration of the waves on the front plate of the plate elements and subsequent diffusion with simultaneous polarization on the back side of the plate elements, whereby the intensity of the sound waves is greatly attenuated.

The attenuation of sound waves depending on the direction in space can be achieved according to the invention by the inclination of the plate elements is carried out in a desired preferred direction (Fig. 3, Pos. 50, 51). Perspective A (FIG. 3, item 52) shows, on the one hand, a largely open skeleton structure, while the panel elements produce a predominantly closed skeleton structure when viewed from the direction of perspective B (FIG. 3, item 53). This option is particularly well-suited for the equipment of concert halls, conference rooms, etc., which absorbs unwanted noise while sound waves from the direction of e.g. the stage or the speaker can spread largely unhindered.

A large-area coverage and thus increased absorption of airborne sound waves is inventively achieved by the use of multiple moldings (Fig. 7, pos. 79). It can be ranked the same, different or customized moldings. Variation of the given design options allows for a particularly wide variety of aesthetic patterns.

The shaped bodies can be combined as desired, so that it is possible to achieve continuous waves, reflections or refractions over the area of a plurality of shaped bodies.

As described, the shaped bodies according to the invention form two sets of plate elements. The plate elements overlap in the parting surface so that at the points of intersection (Figure 1, Item 81), (Figure 5, Item 82), (Figure 6, Item 83), connections are made between the longitudinal and transverse plate members can be. These plate elements are connected at their crossing points by connecting slots (Fig. 9, Pos. 23, 24) to form a skeletal structure.

At the crossing points of the plate elements in the separating surface latching, non-detachable connectors are provided. There are two different types of slots in which Barbs (Fig. 9, Pos. 54) of one slit type in holes (Fig. 9, pos. 55) of the other type engage. In this case, the connected plate elements overlap corresponding to twice the slot depth (84). The overlap here is not necessarily identical to the depth of the plate elements.

The shape, angle and width of the connection at a crossing point are calculated individually and inserted directly into the pattern of the panel elements. The width of the connecting slots (FIG. 9, item 59) is in this case adapted to the thickness of the materials (FIG. 9, item 60) from which the panel elements are manufactured.

Each plate element is clearly marked by having an array of notches and protrusions (Fig. 11, pos. 56) indicating the orientation of the plate element in the shaped body. The installation position of the respective plate element in the molded body is also determined by this arrangement of notches and elevations (Fig. 1 1, pos. 56) is an encoding analogous to the binary number system (Fig. 1 1, pos. 57), whereby a continuous part number (Fig. 1 1, pos. 58) is assigned.

When assembling the skeletal shaped bodies, the plate elements are locked in the correct bending position under tension at their points of intersection (Fig. 1, Item 81), (Fig. 5, Item 82), (Fig. 6, Item 83), so that the final desired shape of the skeleton and the orientation and bending of the plate elements automatically results.

Additional variants of the shaped bodies according to the invention result from the fact that the shape of the separating surface assumes the shape of a curved, irregular, arbitrarily shaped barrel body. By suitable choice of design parameters, it is also possible to generate regular special cases of the barrel bodies such as the cylinder surface, the surface of a ball with cut-off polar caps, the truncated cone or other rotationally symmetrical shapes.

In this case, in the variants shown (FIG. 5, items 5, 6), a group of plate elements is given the shape of closed rings (FIG. 5, items 45, 70, 71). The contours of such plate elements (Fig. 8, Pos. 1 1, 12), (Fig. 10, Pos. 72) have two sections with meandering (Fig. 8, Pos. 73, 74), (Fig. 10, Pos 75) and matching outlines. These are joined together and connected by gluing or welding together (Fig. 10, Pos. 76).

A further optional embodiment of barrel-shaped moldings according to the invention (FIG. 6, item 7) is the diagonal arrangement of the plate elements (FIG. 6, items 46, 47), wherein the two sets of plate elements run spirally along the separating surface. In addition, according to the invention, individual plate elements can run out at any position within the separating surface (FIG. 6, item 78).

Optionally, the moldings according to the invention are equipped with a stiffening frame (FIG. 4, pos. 61), (FIG. 7, pos. 64), which can be made of plastic, wood or a metallic material and whose frame parts are adapted in openings to the outer Ends of the plate elements are guided (Fig. 4, Pos. 65), (Fig. 8, Pos. 66, 67, 68). As a result, several moldings can be easily linked or a standard attachment to ceilings or walls is possible. The shear stiffness and dimensional accuracy of the skeletal shaped body is dramatically increased by a frame.

The skeletal moldings of the present invention can be fabricated from any flexible sheet material by simply and inexpensively producing the plate members including the connecting slots on 2-axis controlled machines by cutting plot, water jet or laser cutting according to the current state of the art. The maximum permissible curvature (smallest bending radius) of panel elements is determined by their wall thickness and by the maximum permitted elongation of the material used.

The use of a large selection of materials such as metal sheets, plastic sheets,

Composite materials, textiles, plywood or cardboard is possible. In addition, the board materials used can be provided with a perforation.

The most varied forms of the plate elements (Fig. 8, Pos. 8, 9, 10, 1 1, 12, 13, 14,

15, 16, 17, 18, 19) are generated with a computer program which describes surfaces completely in space, then processes the generated shapes on flat surfaces and finally generates the generated raw data as finished patterns

Connecting elements and component identification calculated.

Description of the figures

Fig. 1 shows an example of a shaped body (1) with 12 x 12 plate elements. The

Plate elements of the body intersect and have at their crossing points (81) connecting slots, whereby the plate elements are plugged together. The plate elements thus merge into a skeletal structure with several cells (27) of different geometry. The shape of the molded body and the position and bending of the plate elements is determined by the outline of the plate elements and by the position and direction of the connecting slots.

For each shaped body, a front side (26) and in a back (28) is defined, which in each case has a family of plate elements (30, 31). This results in a virtual separation surface (32), which is defined by the respective crossing points of the two families of plate elements. In this example, the plate elements of a respective group have different angles (33) widening towards the separating surface.

The size of the cells (27) and the number of the distance and the depth of the plate elements of the respective plate coulters are selected independently. Due to the different geometry of the cells (27) different frequency ranges of the airborne sound waves are absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated. By suitable choice of the average distance between the plate elements and the distance to depth ratio, a certain frequency range is absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated.

Fig. 2 shows an example of a shaped body (2) with 12 x 12 plate elements. The

Plate elements of a particular crowd in this example have different narrowing towards the separation surface angle (34). All other design parameters are unchanged in comparison to FIG. The difference between angles (34) narrowing towards the separating surface and expanding angles (FIG. 1, item 33) is also shown in the comparison of the two perspective views of FIG. 2 and FIG.

Due to the different geometry of the cells (29) several different frequency ranges of the airborne sound waves are absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated. With a suitable choice of the size of the cells (29) and the number (39) of the distance and the depth (48) of the plate elements of the respective plate coulters results both an average distance between the plate elements as well as a distance to depth ratio, so that a certain Frequency range is absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated.

Fig. 3 shows an example of a molded body (3) with 30 x 13 plate elements. The

Inclination of the plate members is performed in a preferred direction (50, 51), whereby a directional absorption, reflection and / or attenuation is achieved. The dependence on the spatial direction is shown in the comparison between the two perspectives A and B. In perspective A (52) shows a largely open skeleton structure, while the plate elements when viewed from the perspective B (53) produce a predominantly closed skeleton structure ,

The plate elements of a respective crowd have varying distances (35, 36) to each other and have different curvatures and different edge contours. Due to the different geometry of the cells (62) several different frequency ranges of the airborne sound waves are absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated.

The size of the cells (62) and the number (40, 41), the distance (35, 36) and the depth of the plate elements of the respective plate coulters are selected independently of each other, resulting in both an average distance between the plate elements and a distance to depth ratio, so that a certain frequency range is absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated depending on the direction.

Fig. 4 shows an example of a shaped body (4) with 1 1 x 1 1 plate elements. Of the

Shaped body has a stiffening frame (61), which consists of plastic, wood or a metallic material. The plate elements are guided at their outer ends in openings (65) through which run the frame parts.

The plate elements of a respective crowd have varying distances to each other and different curvatures (37, 38) and edge contours. Due to the different geometry of the cells (63) several different frequency ranges of the airborne sound waves are absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated.

The size of the cells (63) and the number (42), the distance and the depth of the plate elements of the respective plate coulters are selected independently, resulting in both an average distance between the plate elements as well as a distance to depth ratio, so that a certain frequency range is absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated.

By way of example, FIG. 5 shows two different shaped bodies with 25 × 15 (5) or 25 ×

7 (6) Panel elements whose parting surfaces are curved and closed into barrel bodies. The two flocks of the plate elements of the respective body intersect and have at their intersection points (82) connecting slots, whereby the plate elements are plugged together. In each case one of the two shares of a shaped body, the plate elements in the assembled state in the form of closed, conical rings (70, 71). The shape of the molded body and the position and bending of the plate elements is determined by the outline of the plate elements and by the position and direction of the connecting slots.

Due to the different geometry of the cells (80) several different frequency ranges of the airborne sound waves are absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated. The choice of the size of the cells (80) and the number (43, 44, 45) of the distance and the depth of the plate elements of the respective plate sets determines the average distance between the plate elements and a distance to depth ratio, so that a certain frequency range is absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated.

6 shows by way of example a shaped body (7) with 36 × 36 plate elements (46, FIG.

47). The shape of the shaped body (7) has a curved, irregular barrel body, wherein the two flocks of the plate elements (46, 47) are arranged diagonally so that they run spirally along the separating surface. The two groups of plate elements intersect and have at their crossing points (83) connecting slots, whereby the plate elements are put together. The Shape of the molding as well as the position and bending of the plate elements is given by the outline of the plate elements and by the position and direction of the connecting slots.

Individual plate elements are not guided over the entire extent of the separating surface, but run out at any position (78), which in particular at constricted separating surfaces of barrel bodies, the density or the average distance between plate elements is controlled.

Due to the different geometry of the cells (77) several different frequency ranges of the airborne sound waves are absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated. The size of the cells (77) and the number of plate elements (46, 47) results in both an average distance between the plate elements and a distance to depth ratio, so that a certain frequency range is absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated.

FIG. 7 shows by way of example an arrangement of 6 shaped bodies (79) each having 30 × 13

Panel members. The geometry of the plate elements was chosen in this example so that there is a continuous continuation of the wavy lines between the plate elements. The molded bodies have stiffening frames (64), which consist of plastic, wood or a metallic material.

By juxtaposing a large-area coverage and thus increased acoustic effectiveness is achieved. Due to the different geometry of the cells (69) and by a suitable choice of the size of the cells (69), the desired properties are obtained with which airborne sound waves are absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated.

Fig. 8 shows an example of a selection of different plate elements before they are assembled into complete moldings. The shape of a shaped body and the position and bending of the plate elements is given by the outline of the plate elements and by the position and direction of the connecting slots (20, 21, 22). The size of the cells of moldings and the number of the distance and the depth (49) of the plate elements of the respective plate coulters are selected independently. The optional stiffening frame, which may have a shaped body, is guided at the outer ends of the plate elements in openings (66, 67, 68).

The example of a plate element (8) shows slots for connection to a family of 22 plate elements and openings (68) through which an outer frame is passed.

The plate elements (9, 13) are used for the assembly of a shaped body as shown in Fig. 6. The connecting slots (20, 22) are provided with projecting pins, which engage in apertures, which are attached to the slots of the other plate share.

Another example (10) shows a plate member used for assembling a molded article of FIG. 4. The optional stiffening frame, which may have a shaped body, is guided at the outer ends of the plate elements in openings (66). The connecting slots (21) are provided with apertures, in which projecting pins which are attached to the slots of the other plate share.

The outlines of plate elements (11, 12) may have two sections with meandering (73, 74) and mating outlines, which are joined together and bonded together by gluing or welding, whereby the respective plate element is given the shape of a closed conical ring. These plate elements (11, 12) are typically used for the assembly of moldings, as shown in Fig. 5. Plate elements can have a wide variety of edge contours. For example, shapes such as saw teeth (14), free curved lines (15), pointed flanks (16), composite circle segments (17), wavy lines (18), or edge outlines in zigzag shapes (19) may occur.

Fig. 9 shows by way of example plate elements which intersect and at their

Crossing points connecting slots (23, 24), whereby the plate elements are plugged together. The shape of the shaped body and the position and bending of the plate elements is given by the outline of the plate elements, and by the position and direction of the connecting slots (23, 24).

The plate elements are connected to each other at their intersection points latching, wherein the slots of a plate set with projecting pins (54) are provided, which engage in apertures (55) which are attached to the slots of the other plate share. In this case, the connected plate elements overlap corresponding to twice the slot depth (84). The overlap here is not necessarily identical to the depth of the plate elements.

The panel elements are made of open-cell foams, plastics, wood, plywood, cardboard, as well as metallic and / or perforated materials or any combination of these materials. The width of the connecting slots (59) is adapted to the thickness of the materials (60) from which the plate elements are made.

10 shows by way of example a plate element (72) which has two sections with meandering (75) and respectively matching outlines, which are joined together and connected to one another by gluing or welding (76). This gives the respective plate element the shape of a closed conical ring.

Such plate elements are typically used for the assembly of moldings, as shown in Fig. 5. The shape of the shaped body and the position and bending of the plate elements is given by the outline of the plate elements, and by the position and direction of the connecting slots (25).

Fig. 11 shows by way of example the marking of plate elements, whereby the

Installation direction and installation position is determined. Each plate element is uniquely marked by having an array of notches and projections (56), which determines the orientation of the component in the shaped body.

Each individual plate element is associated with a continuous part number (58) by the arrangement of notches and elevations (56) analogous to the binary number system (57), whereby the mounting position is determined in the molding.

Claims

1 (1, pos. 1), (2, pos. 2), (3, pos. 3), (4, pos. 4), (FIG. 5, pos. 5, 6), (Fig. 6, Pos. 7), (Fig. 7, Pos. 79) for the absorption, reflection and attenuation of airborne sound waves, wherein the body plate elements (Fig. 8, Pos. 8, 9, 10, 1 1, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19) which intersect and at their crossing points (Fig. 1, pos. 81), (Fig. 5, Pos. 82), (Fig 6, pos. 83) have connecting slots (Fig. 8, Pos. 20, 21, 22), (Fig. 9, Pos. 23, 24), (Fig. 10, Pos. 25), whereby the plate elements are plugged together and thus becoming a skeletal structure with multiple cells (Fig. 1, Pos. 27), (Fig. 2, Pos. 29), (Fig. 3, Pos. 62), (Fig. 4, Pos. 63), (FIG. 5, item 80), (FIG. 6, item 77), (FIG. 7, item 69) of different geometry, wherein due to the different geometry of the cells (FIG. 1, item 27), (Fig. 2, Pos. 29), (Fig. 3, Pos. 62), (Fig. 4, Pos. 63), (Fig. 5, Pos. 80), (Fig. 6, Pos. 77), (Fig. 7, pos. 69) several different frequency ranges of the airborne sound waves are absorbed, reflected and / or attenuated, wherein the shape of the shaped body and the position and bending of the plate elements by the outline of the plate elements, (Fig. 8, Pos. 8, 9, 10, 1 1, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19) and by the position and direction of the connecting slots (Fig. 8, Pos. 20, 21, 22) , (Fig. 9, pos. 23, 24), (Fig. 10, pos. 25).

2. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that both the front, (Fig. 1, Pos. 26) and the back (Fig. 1, Pos. 28) of the molding in each case a crowd of plate elements (Fig. 1, Pos 30, 31), resulting in a separating surface (Fig. 1, Pos. 32), through the respective crossing points (Fig. 1, pos. 81), (Fig. 5, Pos. 82), (Fig. 6, pos. 83) of the two sets of plate elements, wherein the plate elements of a respective group have different angles widening towards the separating surface (FIG. 1, item 33) and / or narrows towards the separating surface (FIG. 2, pos 34) and / or have varying distances (FIG. 3, items 35, 36) from one another and / or have different curvatures (FIG. 4, items 37, 38) and / or differently shaped edge contours (FIG , Pos. 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19).

3. Shaped body according to claim 1 to 2, characterized in that the respective size of the cells (Fig. 1, Pos. 27), (Fig. 2, Pos. 29), (Fig. 3, Pos. 62), (Fig 4, item 63), (figure 5, item 80), (figure 6, item 77), (figure 7, item 69) and / or the depth (figure 2, item 48) ), (Fig. 8, Pos. 49) of the plate elements of the respective plate coulters are different, resulting in both a mean distance between the plate elements and a pitch to depth ratio of the cells, so that the respective cells absorb different frequency ranges from a frequency spectrum , reflect and / or dampen.

4. Shaped body according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the respective inclination of the plate elements is carried out in a preferred direction (Fig. 3, Pos. 50, 51, 52, 53), whereby a direction-dependent absorption, reflection and / or attenuation achieved becomes.

5. Shaped body according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the plate elements at their crossing points through slots (Fig. 8, Pos. 20, 21, 22), (Fig. 9, Pos. 23, 24), (Fig. 10 , Pos. 25) are latchingly connected to each other, wherein the slots (Fig. 8, Pos. 20, 22) of a plate share with protruding pin (Fig. 9, pos. 54) are provided in the apertures (Fig. 9, Pos. 55), which are attached to the slots (Fig. 8, Pos. 21) of the other plate share.

Shaped body according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that each plate element is clearly marked by having an array of notches and projections (Fig. 11, Pos. 56) indicating the orientation of the plate element in the shaped body and each plate element by the arrangement of notches and elevations (Fig. 1 1, Pos. 56) on the basis of the binary number system (Fig. 1 1, Pos. 57) a continuous part number (Fig. 1 1, Pos. 58) is assigned, whereby the mounting position of the respective plate element is determined in the molding.

7. Shaped body according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the plate elements are made of open-cell foams, plastics, wood, plywood, cardboard and metallic and / or perforated materials or of any combination of these materials, wherein the width of the connecting slots (Fig 9, item 59) is adapted to the thickness of the materials (FIG. 9, item 60) from which the panel elements are made.

8. Shaped body according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the shaped body has a stiffening frame (Fig. 4, Pos. 61), (Fig. 7, Pos. 64), which consists of plastic, wood or a metallic material and On the frame parts of the plate elements at their outer ends in openings (Fig. 4, Pos. 65), (Fig. 8, Pos. 66, 67, 68) are guided.

9. Shaped body according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the shape of the shaped body has a curved, irregular barrel body (Fig. 5, Pos. 5, 6), said plate elements having the shape of closed rings (Fig. 5, pos , 71).

10. Shaped body according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that the contours of plate elements (Fig. 8, Pos. 1 1, 12), (Fig. 10, Pos. 72) has two sections with meandering (Fig. 8, Pos. 73, 74), (Fig. 10, pos. 75) and mating contours, which are joined together and bonded together by gluing or welding (Fig. 10, pos. 76), whereby the shape of a closed one for the respective plate element , conical ring (Fig. 5, pos. 70, 71).

1 1. Shaped body according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the shape of the shaped body has a curved, irregular barrel body (Fig. 6, Pos. 7), wherein the two flocks of the plate elements (Fig. 6, Pos. 46 and 47 ) are arranged diagonally so that they run spirally along the separation surface.

12. Shaped body according to claim 1 to 1 1, characterized in that individual plate elements at positions within the separating surface leak (Fig. 6, Pos. 78).

13. Arrangement of a plurality of shaped bodies according to claim 1 to 12, characterized in that the same or different shaped bodies are lined up (Fig. 7, Pos. 79), whereby a large-area coverage and thus increased acoustic effectiveness is achieved.

14. Use of moldings according to claim 1 to 13 for the absorption, reflection and / or attenuation of airborne sound waves.

15. Use of moldings according to claim 1 to 14 as wall cladding, ceiling cladding, window cladding, room divider, shading element, grating for covering openings, light body, decorative element and / or sculpture outdoors, in interiors, concert halls, conference rooms, lobbies, living spaces and / or Cabins of transport.

16. Use of moldings according to claim 1 to 15 as a support structure for covering with textiles, paper, plastic films, technical fabrics and / or perforated materials or with any combination of these materials.