WO2017055124A1

WO2017055124A1 - Sound-absorbing element

Info

Publication number: WO2017055124A1
Application number: PCT/EP2016/072165
Authority: WO
Inventors: Robert Bähler
Original assignee: Akustik & Raum Ag
Priority date: 2015-09-29
Filing date: 2016-09-19
Publication date: 2017-04-06
Also published as: DE112016004408A5; CH713133B1; CH711582A1

Abstract

A sound-absorbing element (1') is described, comprising a support plate (12') with a surface facing the sound and a surface facing away from the sound, and a stabilizing layer (11') arranged on the surface of the support plate (12') facing the sound and having holes (111') forming a micro-perforation, wherein the support plate (12') has openings (121') facing the sound on the surface facing the sound and openings (122') facing away from the sound on the surface facing away from the sound, wherein the openings (121', 122') facing the sound and facing away from the sound are in communicative connection via channels (123'), wherein the plurality of the surfaces of the openings (121') facing the sound is larger than the surfaces of the openings (122') facing away from the sound, and wherein a proportion of the holes (111') forming the micro-perforation is communicatively connected to a plurality of the openings (121') facing the sound for acoustically active effect, in particular for forming Helmholtz resonators and micro absorbers.

Description

Sound-absorbing element

GEBI ET THE INVENTING

The present invention relates to a sound absorbing member and a method of manufacturing a sound absorbing member.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTORY

The acoustics often play an important role in the furnishing of public areas, especially in public buildings, but also in the home and furniture industry. In the field of room acoustics suitable sound-absorbing elements for the cladding of walls should be provided, which should ensure the intended purpose corresponding acoustic properties of the room. The sound absorbing elements are typically subject to a number of requirements, e.g. good absorption values, low cost, sufficient mechanical stability, good aesthetics, ease of installation, adequate fire protection properties, etc.

Sound-absorbing elements are known which comprise a carrier plate with through-holes, a perforated cover layer on the front side of the carrier plate and a porous absorption layer, such as fleece, on the back side of the carrier plate. The carrier plate and the cover layer with the holes serve as sound-permeable layers for protection against eyes and eyes, wherein the sound absorption is achieved by the absorption layer on the back of the carrier plate.

Another type of sound absorbing elements provide elements with Helmholtz resonators constitute, in which the mass of air in the holes with the sound field respond and the incident sound energy is converted into kinetic energy of the air ^mass se. Helmholtz resonators may not require a separate porous absorption layer, but may be combined with such.

For aesthetic purposes, a better appearance of the sound-absorbing element can be achieved by a microperforated cover layer. Such is disclosed, for example, in EP 1876308, which shows a sound absorbing device having a plate-shaped core and first and second surfaces. A first coating and a second coating cover the first and second surfaces of the core, respectively. The first and the second coating are provided with grid-like arranged holes. The core is provided with a number of substantially parallel aligned grooves which penetrate the two surfaces of the core. By means of bonding, the coatings are glued to the surfaces, wherein a part of the holes of the coatings open into the grooves of the core. For an improved static behavior of the core along a frame-like edge region is designed groove-free. A further improvement of the torsional stiffness is achieved in that the core has a number of struts, which are also groove-free, so that the core is divided by the number of struts in several areas with grooves. In particular, stabilize also the cover layers arranged on both sides of the core against bending and twisting.

WO201 3/1 59240 shows a resonator with a cover layer with a microperforation; a carrier layer having a plurality of through openings such as in particular holes or slits; and an intermediate layer holding the cover layer spaced from the support layer, the intermediate layer being configured to establish a communicating connection to enhance the sound absorbing effect between the microperforation of the cover layer and openings of the support layer. The top layer is retained on the interim ^¬ rule layer to the support layer in particular stable spaced, with a cohesive connection such as an adhesive bond between the outer layer and the intermediate layer and is provided between the intermediate layer and the backing layer. The intermediate layer is particularly sound-permeable, so that there is an acoustically effective, communicating connection between the micro-perforation of the cover layer and the openings of the carrier layer and the sound-absorbing effect of the microperforation of the cover layer and the openings of the carrier layer is created.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

The various requirements for sound absorbing elements, such as good absorption values, low cost, sufficient mechanical stability, in particular torsional stiffness, good aesthetics, ease of installation, etc. are often difficult to meet simultaneously. For example, for increased stiffness in the edge region of the support plate a frame without holes may be provided, but this reduces the absorption effect of the shali-absorbing element. In addition, such carrier plates are not suitable as cut standard modular elements, since when cutting the frame can be cut or cut, so that such carrier plates must be made as expensive custom-made for each application. Conversely, the largest possible or many openings in the support plate are usually desirable because of this, the sound can be absorbed, which is advantageous for the absorption effect, but adversely affects the mechanical stability. A reduction of the openings of the carrier plate is disadvantageous for the sound absorption, since that part of the incident sound, which does not hit an opening, is reflected again. In a sound-absorbing element with microperforation z. B., the holes of the cover layer, which do not open into an opening of the support plate, do not contribute to the sound absorption, since the sound passing through the holes is reflected by the support plate again. A sufficient torsional stiffness without the holes of the support plate to reduce or omit some of the holes, z. B. as already mentioned above be achieved in that on the back of the support plate, a second cover layer is applied with the same physical properties as the first cover layer on the front of the support plate. The second cover layer, however, increases the cost by the additional material and additional manufacturing steps.

It is an object of the present invention to improve the state of the art of sound absorbing elements. This object is achieved by a sound-absorbing element and a method for producing a sound-absorbing element according to the independent claims. Exemplary and / or preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims and in the present disclosure.

A sound-absorbing element according to the invention comprises a support plate with a sound-facing surface and a sound surface facing away from the sound, and a stabilization layer with micro-perforation-forming holes arranged on the sound-facing surface of the support plate. The carrier plate has sound-facing openings on the sound-facing surface and sound-remote openings on the sound-facing surface, wherein the sound-facing and sound facing away from openings communicating via channels and the majority of the surfaces of the sound-facing openings is greater than the surfaces of the sound-emitting openings. A portion of the holes forming the micro-perforation are communicatively connected to a plurality of the sound-facing openings for the acoustically active effect, in particular for the formation of Helmholtz resonators and microabsorbers.

The sound-absorbing element is usually applied to the lining of the inside of a room to the walls, so that the sound-emitting surface of the support plate to the wall and the sound-facing surface of the support plate are oriented towards the room. The sound-absorbing element but can also be hanging on the ceiling of a room or free-standing, z. B. as a partition mounted. The on the sound-facing surface of the Support plate arranged stabilization layer, which is visible from a person who is in the room, serves both for stabilization and for optical coverage of the support plate.

The micro-perforation advantageously ensures both the transmission of the incident sound and a good visual appearance, since the holes of the micro-perforation are visible to the naked eye only at a short distance, e.g. B. under 50-60 cm, are visible. In addition, the IViikroperforation has the advantage that a visually disturbing Moire effect can be avoided.

Preferably, the sound-facing and sound-emitting openings and the channels of the carrier plate are generated in one step from the sound-facing surface of the carrier plate ago.

Preferably, the sound-facing and / or sound-emitting surface of the support plate is planar formed such that the channels each communicating with each other independent sound-facing openings, each communicating with each other independent sound-emitting openings. This has an advantageous effect on the mechanical stability of the carrier plate.

The channels, which connect the sound-facing and the sound-facing openings communicating, usually have in the cross-section perpendicular to the support plate a varying profile and open at the sound-facing and the sound-facing surface in the respective sound away and sound facing openings. This configuration of the channels and the sound facing and sound-facing openings, wherein a plurality of the surfaces of the sound-facing openings is larger than the surfaces of the soundproof openings, has the advantage that the support plate both requirements of optimal sound absorption by providing sufficient open area as well as sufficient mechanical stability, in particular twisting - stiffness, can meet. On the sound-facing surface of the support surface, the openings may be larger than at openings of conventional support plates, in which the channels perpendicular to the support plate in cross section have a constant profile without the mechanical stability of the support plate is reduced, since the loss of mechanical stability due to the smaller area of the openings is compensated on the sound-emitting surface of the carrier plate. Conversely, the openings on the sound-emitting surface of the support surface may be smaller than in conventional openings, without affecting the sound absorption of the sound-absorbing element, since the smaller sound-emitting openings is compensated by the larger area of the openings on the sound-facing surface. There is therefore the advantage that the surface of the openings on the sound-facing surface of the support plate for good sound absorption and the surface of the openings can be optimized on the sound-emitting surface for sufficient mechanical stability.

In particular, the configuration of the channels and the sound-facing and sound-facing openings sufficient mechanical stability can be ensured such that can be dispensed with an additional stabilizing edge without openings and thus the openings uniformly over the entire carrier plate can be arranged distributed. This is advantageous in that a cutting of the carrier plate in the application of sound ^¬ absorbent member usually does not lead to a reduction in the mechanical stability or a reduction of the absorption characteristics due to blanks, which would cut off an edge or cut around a periphery thereof ,

The configuration of the channels and the sound-facing and sound-facing openings further offers the advantage that a stabilization layer on the sound ^¬ facing surface of the support plate is sufficient to provide sufficient mechanical stability, in particular torsional stiffness of the sound-absorbing element. In the conventional sound-absorbing elements, for comparable areas of openings on the sound-facing surface of the support plate typically two stabilization layers are required to ensure a comparable mechanical stability. The reduction to a stabilization layer is advantageous for the reduction of manufacturing costs. Since the micro-perforation forming holes of the stabilization layer usually by suitable piercing methods, such as. B. punching or z. B. with a suitable laser, the reduction to a stabilization layer can also further reduce the cost, which is another advantage.

Due to the larger areas of the openings on the sound-facing surface of the support plate, the number of holes of the microperforation of the stabilization layer, which communicates with openings on the sound-absorbing th surface are connected and acoustically active can be increased without greatly affecting the mechanical stability of the support plate, which optimally affects the sound absorption. This is in comparison to conventional sound-absorbing elements, in which an increase in the number of communicating with openings of the carrier plate holes of the micro perforation with constant microperforation usually accompanied by an increase in the openings and thus a reduction in mechanical stability, advantageous.

The channels preferably form Helmholtz resonators and microabsorbers with optimum sound absorption properties by means of the wall of the space or a cover on the sound-facing surface of the carrier plate and the holes of the micro-perforation of the stabilization layer.

The mutual compensatory effect of the optimal sound absorption by the larger surface of the sound-facing openings and the sufficient mechanical stability by the smaller surface of the soundproof openings allows the production of sound-absorbing elements, which have a smaller thickness compared to conventional sound-absorbing elements with comparable sound absorption and mechanical stability , which has a favorable effect on the manufacturing costs.

The channels may be formed perpendicular to the support plate axially symmetrical, preferably frusto-conical. In the context of the present invention, axisymmetric means rotational symmetry with respect to an axis, wherein the rotational symmetry may also include discrete rotations.

In one embodiment, the channels have circular cross-sections with a diameter tapering along the channels.

Advantageously, the diameter of the channels decreases from the sound-facing surface of the carrier plate toward the sound-deflecting surface of the carrier plate, which increases the mechanical stability without reducing the sound-facing open area. The diameter of the channels can be tapered continuously and / or gradually.

In embodiments with circular cross-sections of the channels, the sound-facing openings preferably have diameters between 4 mm and 9 mm, more preferably between 5 mm and 8 mm, particularly preferably 6 mm. In embodiments with circular cross-sections of the channels, the sound-facing openings preferably have diameters between 6 mm and 10 mm, more preferably between 7 mm and 9 mm, particularly preferably 8 mm.

In one embodiment, the channels have depressions, preferably cone depressions, more preferably spot depressions. Alternatively or in addition, the channels are formed as stepped holes.

The reductions offer the advantage that the surface of the sound-facing openings can be increased without greatly impairing the mechanical stability of the support plate. By a suitable choice of the dimensions of the counterbores and / or the stepped bores, the sound absorption properties of the sound-absorbing element can be optimized in a flexible manner.

In certain embodiments, the depressions have a depth of at least 2 mm. In further embodiments, the depressions have a depth between 2 mm and 6 mm. The depressions preferably have a depth of at least 1 2.5% of the thickness of the carrier plate, more preferably of at least 1 6.5% of the thickness of the carrier plate.

In one variant, the channels can be formed symmetrically symmetrical, preferably pyramidal truncated.

In one embodiment, the sound-facing and sound-facing openings are slit-shaped and the channels perpendicular to the support plate symmetrical plane, preferably formed part circle segment. This form of channels has the advantage that it can be made in a simple and cost-effective manner by a milling machine, as will be explained below. Preferably, the radius of the pitch circle segment is chosen so that the Helmholtz resonator formed by the channel and the holes of the M icroperforation and Microabsorber can provide sufficient sound absorption. In the context of the present invention, the pitch circle segment is understood as meaning the sectional area between a circle segment and a rectangle lying on the base line of the circle segment. The part-circle-segment-shaped channels are understood as three-dimensional bodies, which have a thickness of the slot-shaped openings and a projection of a partial circle segment.

In certain embodiments, a number of channels of circular cross-section and a number of channels are plane-symmetrical, preferably circular-segment-shaped. Accordingly, a number of sound-facing openings may be circular and a number of sound-facing openings may be slit-shaped.

Preferably, the channels are arranged offset from one another. The staggered arrangement of the channels in the carrier plate has the advantage that localized weak points in the carrier plate can be avoided and the general mechanical stability of the carrier plate can be increased. Since the incident sound can usually be assumed to be uniform over a sound absorbing element, the offset arrangement of the channels does not adversely affect the sound absorption characteristics of the element.

In one embodiment, a non-woven layer and / or a M ineralfaserwolleschicht arranged on the sound-emitting surface of the support plate. This embodiment has the advantage that the carrier plate and the stabilization onsschicht, which in particular by the formation of the Helmholtz resonators and M ikroabsorbern preferably represent reactive absorber, can be combined with passive absorbers such as a nonwoven layer and / or a M ineralfaserwolleschicht and so the sound absorption properties can be further optimized. In certain embodiments, the sound remote openings have a length of between 40 mm and 70 mm, more preferably 60 mm or before ^¬ preferably 50 mm, and have a width between 2 mm and 4.5 mm, white ^¬ ter preferably between 2.5 mm and 4.5 mm, more preferably 3 mm or preferably 4 mm. Preferably, the M take ikroperforation forming holes between 2. 1% and 6.6%, more preferably 2.5%, more preferably 6%, more before Trains t ^¬ 3% or 4.5% of the area of the stabilization layer a.

In certain embodiments, the sound-eliminating openings occupy between 1 0% and 20%, more preferably between 1 0% and 1 5%, more preferably 1 2%, or even more preferably 1 4% of the area of the carrier plate.

In certain embodiments, the sound-facing openings occupy between 20% and 30%, more preferably 25%, or even more preferably 28.5% of the area of the backing plate. In further embodiments, in particular in embodiments with channels with circular cross-sections, take the sound-emitting openings between 20% and 50%, preferably between 23% and 47%, more preferably between 26% and 32% of the area of the carrier plate.

In further embodiments, in particular in embodiments with channels with circular cross-sections, the sound-facing openings occupy between 30% and 60%, preferably between 40% and 55%, more preferably between 46% and 53%, of the surface of the carrier plate.

The lengths and / or widths and / or diameters of the sound-facing and / or the sound-facing openings can be varied. Likewise, the distances between the sound-facing and / or the sound-facing openings along axes of the support plate can be varied. The variation of the lengths and / or widths and / or diameters of the sound-deflecting and / or the sound-facing openings and / or the distances between the sound-deflecting openings and / or the sound-facing openings makes it possible to produce various open areas of the sound-absorbing element. It is also possible by varying the lengths and / or the widths and / or the diameter of the sound-facing and / or the sound-facing openings and / or the distances between the sound-facing and / or the sound-facing openings, the proportions of the surfaces of the sound-away and / or the sound-facing openings on the surface of the support plate to vary. It is also possible to vary the ratios of these proportions. But it is also possible to vary the proportions so that the ratios of the shares remain the same. For example, a carrier plate may be equipped with sound-deflecting and sound-facing openings as follows: The width of the sound-remote openings is 4 mm, the length 60 mm. The distance of the sound-facing openings along a transverse axis of the support plate is in each case 1 2 mm. With an extension of the carrier plate along the transverse axis of 1,000 mm, the number of rows along the transverse axis is 1,000 mm / (1 2 mm + 4 mm) = 62.5. Along a longitudinal axis perpendicular to the transverse axis of the support plate, wherein the longitudinal and transverse axes of the support plate are parallel to the sound-facing and sound-facing surface of the support plate, the sound-emitting openings are each spaced with 1 20 mm from each other. With an extension of the carrier plate along the longitudinal axis of 1 000 mm, the number of rows along the longitudinal axis is 1 000 mm / 1 20 mm = 8.33. Along the longitudinal axis, the soundproof openings have a total extension of 8.33 * 60 mm = 500 mm. The proportion of the surface of the sound-emitting openings on the surface of the support plate is 1 2.5%. The proportion of the surface of the sound-facing openings on the surface of the support plate is 25%. The ratio of the areas of the surfaces of the sound-facing away from the sound-facing surfaces is 1: 2.

In a further example, a carrier plate can be equipped with sound-deflecting and sound-facing openings as follows: The width of the soundproof openings is 3.50 mm, the length 60 mm. The distance of the sound-facing openings along a transverse axis of the support plate is in each case 1 0 mm. With an extension of the support plate along the transverse axis of 1 000 mm, the number of rows along the transverse axis is 1 000 mm / (10 mm + 3.50 mm) = 74.07. Along a longitudinal axis perpendicular to the transverse axis of the support plate, wherein the longitudinal and transverse axes of the support plate are parallel to the sound-facing and sound-facing surface of the support plate, the sound-emitting openings are each spaced with 1 20 mm from each other. With an extension of the carrier plate along the longitudinal axis of 1 000 mm, the number of rows along the longitudinal axis is 1 000 mm / 1 20 mm = 8.33. Along the longitudinal axis, the soundproof openings have a total extension of 8.33 * 60 mm = 500 mm. The proportion of the surface of the sound-emitting openings on the surface of the support plate is 1 2.96%. The proportion of the surface of the sound-facing openings on the surface of the support plate is 25.93%. The ratio of the areas of the surfaces of the sound-facing away from the sound-facing surfaces is 1: 2.

In a further example, a carrier plate can be equipped with sound-deflecting and sound-facing openings as follows: The width of the sound-remote openings is 3 mm, the length 70 mm. The distance of the sound-facing openings along a transverse axis of the support plate is in each case 1 0 mm. With an extension of the carrier plate along the transverse axis of 1,000 mm, the number of rows along the transverse axis is 1,000 mm / (10 mm + 3 mm) = 76.92. Along a longitudinal axis perpendicular to the transverse axis of the support plate, wherein the longitudinal and transverse axes of the support plate are parallel to the sound-facing and sound-facing surface of the support plate, the sound-emitting openings are each spaced at 1 00 mm apart. With an extension of the carrier plate along the longitudinal axis of 1 000 mm, the number of rows along the longitudinal axis is 1000 mm / 1 00 mm = 1 0. Along the longitudinal axis, the soundproof openings have a total extension of 1 0 * 70 mm = 700 mm. The proportion of the surface of the sound- ^deposited openings on the surface of the support plate is 1 6. 1 5%. The proportion of the surface of the sound-facing openings on the surface of the support plate is 23.08%. The ratio of the areas of the surfaces of the sound-turned away to the sound-facing surfaces is 1: 1 .43.

In another example, a support plate having channels of circular cross-sections may be provided with remote sound and sound-facing Publ ^¬ voltages as follows: The diameter of the openings facing away from sound is 6 mm. The distance of the sound-emitting openings along a transverse axis of the support plate is 7 mm, wherein each along the transverse axis successive sound-emitting openings along a longitudinal axis of the support plate are offset by 7 mm. Mutually unopposed along the transverse axis successive sound-emitting openings thus have a distance of 1 4 mm. The diameter of the sound-facing openings is 8 mm. The proportion of the surface of the sound-emitting openings on the surface of the support plate is 28.84%. The proportion of sound-facing openings on the surface of the support plate is 5 1 .26%. The ratio of the areas of the surfaces of the sound-facing to the sound-facing surfaces is 1: 1 .77. With an area of the carrier plate of 1 m ² , the number of holes 1 0'204.

Preferably, the ratio of the sum of the surfaces of the sound-facing openings and the sum of the surfaces of the sound-emitting openings of the Support plate x: 1, where x preferably between 1. 1 and 2.5, more preferably between 1 .4 and 2.2, more preferably 1 .77 or more preferably 2.

In one embodiment, at least one edge of the sound-absorbing element has a first connection element and at least one further edge of the element has a second connection element, so that the element can be connected to a further element via the first and the second connection element. The first connection element may be a comb and the second connection element may be a groove, so that the element can be connected to a further element by a comb-groove connection. Optionally, the connection elements may be designed as click-lock elements, so that the sound-absorbing elements can be connected to one another by a click-lock mechanism. This has the advantage that the sound-absorbing element can be a modular element which can be used as required, e.g. can be put together to make a wall cladding without having to cut the elements to size. The comb-groove connection or the click-lock mechanism also offer the advantage that the sound-absorbing elements can be mounted in a simple and fast way. Preferably, the connection elements are formed so that the joints between the sound-absorbing elements at a sufficient distance, z. B. greater than 2 m, unrecognizable to the eye. This has the advantage that from a sufficient distance a panel with the sound-absorbing elements can appear visually seamless.

In one embodiment, the stabilization layer comprises a plywood. Alternatively or in addition, the stabilization layer comprises a synthetic resin.

Alternatively or in addition, the stabilization layer comprises a lacquer.

Alternatively or in addition, the stabilization layer comprises a laminate. The laminate may be a continuous pressure laminate (CPL). Such materials offer the advantage that the stabilization layer can be made visually appealing.

Preferably, the micro-perforation forming holes have a diameter between 250 μηη and 550 μιτι, more preferably 300 μηη or preferably 500 μιτι on. This dimensioning has the advantage that the holes forming the micro-perforation are both acoustically active and also sufficiently small that they are spaced at a sufficient distance, eg. B. greater than 50-60 cm, unrecognizable to the eye and thus can form a visually pleasing surface.

In one embodiment, the carrier plate consists of pressboard.

In one embodiment, the carrier plate is made of gypsum fiber. These materials have the advantage of being easy to process and inexpensive. In one embodiment, the carrier plate is made of wood fibers. For example, the carrier plate may be configured as a medium density fiberboard (M DF) or as a high density fiberboard (HDF).

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a sound-absorbing element according to the present disclosure, characterized in that the sound-facing and sound-facing openings and the channels are each generated in one step from the sound-facing surface of the carrier plate ago.

This offers the advantage that the manufacturing process can be simplified and the manufacturing costs can be reduced.

In one embodiment of the method, the sound-facing and sound-facing openings and the channels are milled by a milling machine in the support plate, wherein the inner Fräsform the channels at least partially corresponds to the Fräsblatt and the openings and channels by a consecutive up / down and / or longitudinal movement milled the milling blade and / or the sound-absorbing element.

An example method with a milling machine for producing a sound-absorbing element is shown below: milling blades are arranged on one shaft or a plurality of spaced-apart shafts of a milling machine. The carrier plate to be processed is guided in the feed direction, on the shaft or the shafts which are perpendicular to the feed direction. hen and are aligned parallel to the surface of the carrier plate. The support plate is brought by means of a feed device, not shown in the area of the shaft / n or Fräsbiätter. These are in a parked position. These can then be delivered, whereby the openings of the carrier plate are milled. Thereafter, these are brought back into the parked position and the carrier plate is advanced by one step. By repeating this process, the entire support plate can be provided with openings.

Optionally, the milling blades can be arranged in a method with a milling machine with a shaft at twice the distance of the slot-shaped openings of the support plate. The openings can then be milled offset with the Fräsblättern this one shaft.

In embodiments having channels with circular apertures, the acoustically and sonically facing openings and channels are preferably drilled. Preferably, the reductions are generated in the same step as the channels.

LIST OF FIGURES

Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures and the accompanying descriptions. Show it:

1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a sound-absorbing element from the sound-facing side; FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the sound-absorbing element from FIG. 1 from the sound-remote side; FIG.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the sound-absorbing element along the

Section line A-A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the sound-absorbing element along the

Section line B-B in Fig. 1;

5 shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of a sound-absorbing element from the sound-facing side;

6 is an illustration of an arrangement of sound-facing and sound-facing openings of another embodiment of the carrier plate from the sound-facing side;

7 shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of a sound-absorbing element from the sound-facing side.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY PLAQUE FEATURES

In order to illustrate the invention, preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the figures.

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a sound-absorbing element 1 from the sound-facing side with a view of the Sound-facing surface of the support plate 1 2. The sound-absorbing element comprises a stabilization layer 1 1 and a support plate 1 2. In order to visualize the sound-facing surface of the support plate 1 2 and the sound-facing openings 1 2 1, in the figure, a part of the stabilization layer 1 1 schematically shown cut out. The stabilization layer 1 1 is on the sound-facing surface of the support plate 1 2, z. B. by gluing, attached. The rear sound-facing surface is not visible in the figure. The support plate 1 2 has sound-facing openings 1 2 1 on the sound-facing surface and sound-emitting openings 1 22 on the sound-emitting surface, which are communicatively connected by channels 1 23. The surface of the sound-facing openings 1 2 1 is larger than the surface of the sound-emitting openings 1 22, so that in the perspective view shown from the sound side facing the side walls 1 23 1 of the channels 1 23 are visible. The stabilization layer 1 1 has a microperforation-forming holes 1 1 1 on. A portion of the holes 1 1 1 communicates with the sound-facing openings 1 2 1 communicating. The sound-absorbing element 1 shown is designed to be open on the surface facing away from the sound, ie no additional layer is applied to the surface of the support plate 1 2 facing away from the sound. When cladding a wall with the sound-absorbing element 1 shown, the wall closes the sound-emitting opening

1 22, so that through the wall, the soundproof opening 1 22, the channel

1 23, the sound-facing opening 1 2 1 and the holes 1 1 1 Helmholtz resonators and microabsorber are formed. The sound-facing openings 1 2 1 are arranged offset from each other, which is favorable to the me- chanical stability of the support plate 1 2 affects. The stabilization layer 1 1 consists eg of plywood. The support plate 1 2 is for example a gypsum fiber board. The sound-facing and sound-emitting openings 1 2 1, 1 22 and the channels 1 23 are milled using a milling machine in the support plate 1 2.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the sound-absorbing element 1 from FIG. 1 from the side facing away from the sound, with a view of the sound-deflecting surface of the carrier plate 1 2. In this view, the sound-deflecting openings 12 are clearly visible. The sound-facing openings 1 2 1 are covered by the stabilization layer 1 1, wherein the micro-perforation forming holes are not shown in this figure. A longitudinal edge of the sound-absorbing element 1 is shown cut so that the part-circle segment-shaped channels 1 23 are visible. The sound-facing openings 1 2 1 are communicatively connected to the sound-emitting openings 1 22 through the channels 1 23, which is achieved by the pitch circle segment shape of the channels 1 23, that the surface of the sound-facing openings 1 21 is greater than the surface of the sound-emitting openings 1 22 ,

FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of the sound-absorbing element 1 along the section line AA in FIG. 1. In the direction shown, the sides of the channels 1 23 extend perpendicular to the support plate 1 2 and communicate communicating the sound-facing openings 1 2 1 with the sound-emitting openings 1 22. The stabilization layer 1 1 is not shown in the figure for the sake of simplicity. Due to the part-circle segment-shaped channels 1 23, which arranged offset are, in this sectional view, each second channel 1 23 through the support plate 1 2 shown continuously.

FIG. 4 shows a sectional illustration of the sound-absorbing element 1 along the section line B-B in FIG. 1. In the direction shown, it can be seen that the channels 1 23 are formed part-circle segment-shaped. The pitch circle segments correspond to the shapes of the milling blades of the milling machine, which dive into the support plate 1 2 during milling such that the channels shown 1 23 with the sound-facing and sound-facing openings 1 2 1, 1 22 are milled out of the support plate 1 2. It can also be seen that the configuration of the channels 1 23 which connect the sound-facing and sound-deflecting openings 1 21, 1 22 makes possible the configuration in which the surface of the sound-facing openings 1 2 1 is larger than the area of the sound-facing openings 1 is 22.

FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of a sound-absorbing element 1 'from the sound-facing side. The sound-absorbing element 1 'comprises a stabilization layer 1 1' and a support plate 1 2 '. In order to visualize the sound-facing surface of the support plate 1 2 'and the sound-facing openings 1 2 1', a part of the stabilization layer 1 1 'is shown schematically cut out in the figure. The stabilization layer 1 1 'is on the sound-facing surface of the support plate 1 2', z. B. by gluing, attached. The support plate 1 2 'has sound-facing openings 1 2 1' on the sound-facing surface and sound-emitting openings 1 22 'on the sound-emitting surface, which passes through channels 123 'communicatively connected. The channels 123 'are formed as holes with circular cross-sections and along the channels 123' tapered diameter. The tapered diameters along the channels 123 'are achieved by depressions 124' which emanate from the sound-facing openings 121 'and open into cylindrical portions of the channels 123'. In order to better illustrate the channels 123 'and the sound eliminating openings 122', the support plate 12 'is shown cut at a corner so that two channels 123' are shown cut in the direction along the channels 123 '. In the embodiment shown, the countersinks 124 'are designed as conical countersinks. In order to better represent the depressions 124 'in the figure, the support plate 12' is partially cut out at the height of the depressions 124 '. The depressions 124 'result in that the surfaces of the sound-facing openings 121' are each larger than the surfaces of the sound-eliminating openings 122 '. The stabilization layer 11' has a micro-perforation-forming holes 111 '. A portion of the holes 111 'is communicatively connected to the sound-facing openings 121'. The sound-absorbing element 1 'shown is shown open on the surface facing away from the sound, that is, no additional layer is applied to the surface of the support plate 12' facing away from the sound. In the case of a wall cladding with the sound-absorbing element 1 'shown, the wall closes the sound-deflecting openings 122', so that through the wall, the sound-deflecting opening 122 ', the channel 123', the sound-facing opening 121 'and the holes 111' Helmholtz Resonators and microabsorbers are formed. The sound-facing openings 121 ', the channels 123' and the sound-emitting openings The openings 122 'are arranged over the support plate 12' in a regular non-offset pattern, ie successive sound-facing openings 121 'or openings 122' remote from the sound lie on the same transverse axis or longitudinal axis of the support plate 12 '.

6 shows a representation of an arrangement of sound-facing openings 121 "and sound-deflecting openings 122" and channels 123 "of a further embodiment of the support panel from the sound-facing side The sound-facing openings 121" and the sound-remote openings 122 "are communicatively connected by channels 123" , From the sound-facing openings 121 ", there are depressions 124", which respectively open into cylindrical sections of the channels 123 ". The sound-facing openings 121" are circular in shape with a diameter d. The sound-deflecting openings 122 "and the channels 123" are formed with a diameter d 'circular. Because of the depressions 124 ", it is achieved that d> d 'and therefore the surfaces of the sound-facing openings 121" are each larger than the surfaces of the sound-deflecting openings 122 "The sound-facing openings 121" and with them the channels 123 "as well as the sound-remote Openings 122 "are arranged offset to one another in a grid. Along the transverse direction x of the support plate are each a series of sound-facing openings 121 "at intervals a to each other, in each case between two sound-facing openings 121", which are arranged in the x-direction at a distance a to each other, another sound-facing opening 121 "by a '/ 2 is offset in the longitudinal direction y of the carrier plate. In the embodiment shown, a = a '.

7 shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of a sound-absorbing element 1 '"from the sound-facing side The sound-absorbing element 1''' comprises a stabilization layer 11 '' and a carrier plate 1 2 '''. In order to visually represent the sound-facing surface of the support plate 1 2 "'and the sound-facing openings 1 2 1"', a part of the stabilization layer 1 1 "'is shown schematically cut out in the figure The stabilization layer 1 1"' is on the sound-facing surface of the The carrier plate 1 2 "'has sound-facing openings 1 2 1"' on the surface facing the sound and sound-removed openings 1 22 "'on the surface facing away from the sound, which pass through channels 1 23"'. The channels 1 23 "'are formed as stepped holes 1 24"' with circular Ouerschnitten and along the channels 1 23 "'tapered diameter. The tapered diameters along the channels 1 23 "'are achieved by the stepped holes 1 24"', which divide the channels respectively into two cylindrical sections of different diameters, the cylindrical section which opens into the sound-facing openings 1 2 1 "' , Has a larger diameter than the cylindrical portion which opens into the sound-emitting openings 1 22 ". In order to better illustrate the channels 1 23 "and the sound-eliminating openings 1 22", the support plate 1 2 "'is shown cut at one corner, so that two channels 1 23"' are shown cut in the direction along the channels 1 23 "' In order to show in the figure the study fenbohrung 124 "'better represent, the support plate 12"' partially cut out cut shown. The stepped bores 124 "'cause the surfaces of the sound-facing openings 121"' to be larger than the areas of the sound-eliminating openings 122 "'. The stabilization layer 11"' has microperforation-forming holes 111 "'"'is communicatively connected to the sound-facing openings 121''.

Claims

claims

1. Sound-absorbing element (1, 1 ', 1 "'), comprising a support plate (12, 12 ', 12"') with a sound-facing and a sound-facing surface, and one on the sound-facing surface of the support plate (12, 12 ', 12 "') arranged stabilization layer (11, 11', 11" ') with a micro-perforation forming holes (111, 111', 111 "'), wherein the support plate (12, 12', 12" ') sound-facing openings (121, 121 ', 121 ", 121"') on the sound-facing surface and sound-deflecting openings (122, 122 ', 122 ", 122"') on the sound-facing surface, wherein the sound-facing and sound-facing openings (121, 121 ', 121 " , 121 "', 122, 122', 122", 122 "') communicating via channels (123, 123', 123", 123 "'), the plurality of surfaces of the sound-facing openings (121, 121' , 121 ", 12Γ") is larger than the areas of the sound-emitting openings (122, 122 ', 122 ", 122"'), and wherein a portion of the microperforation n forming holes (111, 111 ', 111 "') communicating with a plurality of the sound-facing openings (121, 121 ', 121", 121 "') to the acoustically active effect, in particular for the formation of Helmholtz resonators and microabsorbers, communicating ,

2. Sound-absorbing element (1, 1 ', 1' ') according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels (123, 123', 123 ", 123" ') perpendicular to the support plate (12, 12', 12 "') axially symmetrical, preferably frusto-conical, or plane symmetrical, preferably truncated pyramid, are formed.

Sound-absorbing element (1 ', Γ ") according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the channels (123', 123", 123 "') have circular cross-sections with a diameter (d, d ') tapered along the channels (123', 123 ", 123"').

4. Sound-absorbing element (Γ, Γ ") according to claim 3, characterized in that the sound-facing openings (12 Γ, 121", 121 "') diameter between 6 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 7 mm and 9 mm, particularly preferred of 8 mm.

5. Sound-absorbing element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sound-facing and sound facing away from openings (121; 122) are slot-shaped and the channels (123) perpendicular to the support plate (12) are symmetrical plane, preferably part-circle segment-shaped.

6. sound-absorbing element (1) according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the sound-emitting openings (122) has a length between 40 mm and 70 mm, preferably 60 mm, more preferably 50 mm, and a width between 2 mm and 4.5 mm , preferably between 2.5 mm and 4.5 mm, more preferably 3 mm, more preferably 4 mm.

7. Sound-absorbing element (1 ', 1' ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channels (123', 123 ", 123" ') depressions (124, 124 "), preferably countersinks, more preferably counterbores, have or as stepped bores (124 "') are formed.

8. Sound-absorbing element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channels (123, 123 ") are arranged offset to one another

9. Sound-absorbing element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a nonwoven layer and / or a Mineralfaserwolleschicht is arranged on the sound-emitting surface of the support plate.

10. Sound-absorbing element (1, V, Γ ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the micro-perforation forming holes (111, 111', 111 "') between 2.1% and 6.6%, preferably 2.5%, preferably 6% , More preferably 3% or 4.5%, the surface of the stabilization layer (11, 11 ', 11 "') occupy.

11. Sound-absorbing element (1, 1 ', Γ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sound-emitting openings (122, 122 ', 122 ", 122"') between 10% and 20%, preferably between 10% and 15%, more preferably 12%, more preferably 14%, of the area of the support plate (12, 12 ', 12 "').

12. Sound-absorbing element (1, Γ, 1 '') according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sound-facing openings (121, 121 ', 121 ", 121"') between 20% and 30%, preferably 25%, more preferably 28.5%, the area of the support plate (12, 12 ', 12 "') occupy.

13. Sound-absorbing element (1, V, 1 '') according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the sound-facing openings (122, 122 ', 122 ", 122'") between 20% and 50%, preferably between 23% and 47%, more preferably between 26% and 32% of the surface of the support plate (12, 12 ', 12 "') occupy.

14. Sound-absorbing element (1, ^ ', Γ') according to one of the claims 1 to 10 or 13, characterized in that the sound-facing openings (121, 121 ', 121 ", 121"') between 30% and 60%, preferably between 40% and 55%, more preferably between 46% and 53% of the area of the support plate (12, 12 ', 12 "') occupy.

15. Sound-absorbing element (1, 1 ', 1' ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratio of the sum of the surfaces of the sound-facing openings (121, 121', 121 ", 121" ') and the sum of Areas of the sound-emitting openings (122, 122 ', 122 ", 122'") of the support plate (12, 12 ', 12 "') x: 1, where x is between 1.1 and 2.5, preferably between 1.4 and 2.2, more preferably 1.77 or more preferably 2.

16. Sound-absorbing element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one edge of the sound-absorbing element has a first connection element and at least one further edge of the element has a second connection element, so that the element with a further element via the first and the second connection element is connectable.

17. Sound-absorbing element (1, 1 ', 1' ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stabilization layer (11, 11', 1 Γ ") a plywood and / or synthetic resin and / or lacquer and / or a Laminate, preferably a continuous pressure laminate (CPL).

18. Sound-absorbing element (1, Γ, Γ ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the micro-perforation forming Lö- rather (111, 111 ', 111 "') have a diameter between 250 μιτι and 550 μιτι, preferably 300 μιτι, more preferably 500 μιτι have.

19. Sound-absorbing element (1, 1 ', 1' ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier plate (12, 12', 12 "') of pressboard or gypsum fiber or wood fibers, preferably a medium-density fiberboard (MDF) or forming a high-density fiberboard (HDF).

20. A method for producing a sound-absorbing element (1, 1 ', 1' ') according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sound-facing and sound-facing openings (121, 121', 121 ", 121" ', 122, 122' , 122 ", 122" ') and the channels (123, 123', 123 ", 123 '") are each generated in one step from the sound-facing surface of the carrier plate (12, 12', 12 "').

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that the sound-facing and sound-facing openings (121, 122) and the channels (123) are milled by a milling machine in the carrier plate, wherein the inner Fräsform the channels (123) at least partially corresponds to the Fräsblatt and the openings (121, 122) and channels (123) are milled by a consecutive up / down and / or longitudinal movement of the cutter blade and / or the sound absorbing element (1).