EP2467456B1 - Schmiermethode - Google Patents

Schmiermethode Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2467456B1
EP2467456B1 EP10747108.8A EP10747108A EP2467456B1 EP 2467456 B1 EP2467456 B1 EP 2467456B1 EP 10747108 A EP10747108 A EP 10747108A EP 2467456 B1 EP2467456 B1 EP 2467456B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricating composition
alkali
alkaline earth
lubricating
earth metal
Prior art date
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Application number
EP10747108.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2467456A1 (de
EP2467456B2 (de
Inventor
Mark C. Davies
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Lubrizol Corp
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Lubrizol Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/12—Reaction products
    • C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
    • C10M159/24—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/12—Reaction products
    • C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
    • C10M159/22—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing phenol radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • C10M2207/042—Epoxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
    • C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C10M2215/224—Imidazoles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/046—Overbased sulfonic acid salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
    • C10M2219/088—Neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
    • C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/42—Phosphor free or low phosphor content compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/43—Sulfur free or low sulfur content compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/45—Ash-less or low ash content
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/52—Base number [TBN]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/251—Alcohol-fuelled engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
    • C10N2040/253—Small diesel engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C10N2040/26—Two-strokes or two-cycle engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
    • C10N2060/10—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition by sulfur or a compound containing sulfur

Definitions

  • the invention provides a method of lubricating an aluminium-alloy surface of an internal combustion engine comprising supplying to the aluminium-alloy surface a lubricating composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and an alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent.
  • the phenate disclosed herein may further provide antiwear performance on the aluminium-alloy surface.
  • non-ferric engine components are based on aluminium-alloy, silicates, oxides, or other ceramic materials.
  • Antiwear additives such as ZDDP are believed to result in poorer engine wear performance in aluminium-alloy based engine compared with ferric based engines.
  • engine lubricants containing phosphorus compounds and sulphur have been shown to contribute in part to particulate emissions and emissions of other pollutants.
  • sulphur and phosphorus tend to poison the catalysts used in catalytic converters, resulting in a reduction in performance of said catalysts.
  • EP 1624 044 A1 discloses a method of lubricating an aluminium alloy surface with a lubricating composition containing an effective friction reducing amount of an oil soluble tri-nuclear organo-molybdenum compound.
  • WO2008/147701 discloses lubricating an aluminium-alloy surface by supplying to the aluminium-alloy surface a lubricating composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and an ashless antiwear agent.
  • a lubricating composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and an ashless antiwear agent.
  • the examples disclosed therein also indicate 1.5 wt % of detergent However, there is no specific disclosure of the type of detergent utilised.
  • EP 2 077 317 A1 describes a lubricating oil composition
  • a lubricating oil composition comprising a base oil, a fatty acid partial ester compound, an aliphatic amine compound and/or an acid amide compound, a specific benzotriazole derivative and a specific succinimide compound.
  • the composition is used for internal combustion engines.
  • EP 1 418 353 A2 discloses a low-friction sliding mechanism involving a lubricant and optionally an aluminium-based alloy material.
  • the lubricant contains a base oil and at least one of an ashless fatty-ester friction modifier.
  • EP 1475 430 A2 discloses a low sulphur, low ash, and low phosphorus oil-soluble lubricant additive package comprising an overbased metal phenate.
  • the present invention provides a method of lubricating an aluminium-alloy surface of an internal combustion engine comprising supplying to the aluminium-alloy surface a lubricating composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and an alkali or alkaline earth metal (including lithium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, or barium) phenate detergent.
  • the phenate detergent is a calcium sulphurised-phenate, in particular an overbased calcium sulphur-ised-phenate.
  • the detergent delivers 0.75 wt % to 2 wt % of hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol to the lubricating composition
  • the aluminium alloy is a eutectic or hyper-eutectic aluminium alloy and the internal combustion engine has part or all of a cylinder bore, cylinder block, or piston ring composed of an aluminium alloy.
  • the present invention provides a method of lubricating an aluminium-alloy surface of an internal combustion engine comprising supplying to the aluminium-alloy surface a lubricating composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and an alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent (typically a calcium sulphurised-phenate).
  • a lubricating composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and an alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent (typically a calcium sulphurised-phenate).
  • Also described herein is a method of controlling wear of an aluminium-alloy surface in an internal combustion engine comprising supplying to the aluminium-alloy surface a lubricating composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and an alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent (typically a calcium sulphurised-phenate).
  • a lubricating composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and an alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent (typically a calcium sulphurised-phenate).
  • the invention provides for the use of an alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent which is a calcium sulphurised-phenate, as an antiwear agent for an aluminium alloy surface of an internal combustion engine wherein the detergent delivers 0.75 wt % to 2 wt % of hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol to the lubricating composition
  • the aluminium alloy is a eutectic or hyper-eutectic aluminium alloy
  • the internal combustion engine has part or all of a cylinder bore, cylinder block, or piston ring composed of an aluminium alloy.
  • the invention provides a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine as disclosed herein, wherein the aluminium alloy is an eutectic or hyper-eutectic aluminium alloy (such as those derived from aluminium silicates, aluminium oxides, or other ceramic materials).
  • the aluminium alloy is an eutectic or hyper-eutectic aluminium alloy (such as those derived from aluminium silicates, aluminium oxides, or other ceramic materials).
  • the invention provides a method of lubricating an Internal combustion engine as disclosed herein, wherein the internal combustion engine has part or all of a cylinder bore, cylinder block, or piston ring composed of an aluminium alloy.
  • the present invention provides a method for lubricating an engine and the use of an alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent as disclosed above. Also described herein is a lubricating composition as disclosed above.
  • the alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent may be described as an overbased material.
  • Overbased materials otherwise referred to as overbased or superbased salts, are generally single phase, homogeneous Newtonian systems characterised by an amount of excess metal beyond that which would be necessary for neutralisation, according to the stoichiometry of the metal and the particular acidic organic compound reacted with the metaL
  • the amount of excess metal is commonly expressed in terms of substrate to metal ratio.
  • substrate to metal ratio alternatively expressed as the metal to substrate ratio, or simply “metal ratio” is the ratio of the total equivalents of the metal to the equivalents of the substrate.
  • metal ratio is provided in " Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants", Second Edition, Edited by R. M. Mortier and S. T. Orszulik, pages 85 and 86, 1997 .
  • the overbased alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent may have a metal ratio of 0.8 to 10, or 1 to 10, or 3 to 9, or 4 to 8, or 5 to 7.
  • the alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent may have a total base number (TBN) 50 to 400, or 200 to 350, or 220 to 300. In one embodiment the alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent may have a TBN of about 255.
  • TBN total base number
  • a more detailed description of the alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent is described in for example, US Patent 6,551,965 , or European Patent applications EP 1 903 093 A and EP 0 601 721 A .
  • the alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent is derived from a hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol, wherein the alkaline earth metal phenate detergent delivers 0.75 wt % to 2 wt %, or 0.9 wt % to 1.75 wt %, or 1 wt % to 1.5 wt % of hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol to the lubricating composition.
  • the alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol content and sulphated ash may vary.
  • the hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol content delivered by the phenate may be 0.9 wt % to 1.75 wt %; and the sulphated ash content may be at least 0.4 wt % to 1.3 wt % of the lubricating composition.
  • the hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol content delivered by the phenate may be 0.9 wt % to 1.75 wt %; and the sulphated ash content may be at least 0.4 wt % to 1.2 wt % of the lubricating composition.
  • the hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol content delivered by the phenate may be 1 wt % or higher to 1.5 wt %; and the sulphated ash content may be at least 0.6 wt % to 1.1 wt % of the lubricating composition.
  • Each hydrocarbyl group of hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol may contain on average 6 or more, 8 or more, or 10 or more carbon atoms.
  • the maximum number of carbon atoms per hydrocarbyl group may be up to 300, or up to 100, or up to 70, or up to 50, or up to 20.
  • each hydrocarbyl group may 8 to 20, or 10 to 12 carbon atoms (typically each hydrocarbyl group may be dodecyl).
  • the amount of sulphated ash delivered by the overbased alkali or alkaline earth metal phenate detergent may be 0.4 wt % to 1.2 wt %, or 0.6 wt % to 1.1 wt % of the lubricating composition.
  • the lubricant composition for an internal combustion engine may be suitable for any engine lubricant irrespective of the sulphur, phosphorus or sulphated ash (ASTM D-874) content.
  • the sulphur content of the engine oil lubricant may be 1 wt % or less, or 0.8 wt % or less, or 0.5 wt % or less, or 0.3 wt % or less. In one embodiment the sulphur content may be in the range of 0.001 wt % to 0.5 wt %, or 0.01 wt % to 0.3 wt %.
  • the sulphated ash content of the lubricating composition may be at least 0.3 wt%, or at least 0.4 wt %, at least 0.6 wt % up to 2 wt %, or 1.5 wt %, or 1.3 wt %, or 1.1 wt % of the lubricating composition.
  • the sulphated ash content may in different embodiments range from 0.3 wt % to 2 wt %, or 0.4 wt % to 1.5 wt %, or 0.6 wt % to 1.3 wt %, or 0.6 wt % to 1.1 wt % of the lubricating composition.
  • the lubricating composition may be characterised as having (i) a sulphur content of 0.5 wt % or less, (ii) a phosphorus content of 0.06 wt % or less, and (iii) a sulphated ash content of 1.3 wt % or less.
  • the lubricating composition comprises an oil of lubricating viscosity.
  • oils include natural and synthetic oils, oil derived from hydrocracking, hydrogenation, and hydrofinishing, unrefined, refined, re-refined oils or mixtures thereof.
  • a more detailed description of unrefined, refined and re-refined oils is provided in International Publication WO2008/147704 , paragraphs [0054] to [0056].
  • a more detailed description of natural and synthetic lubricating oils is described in paragraphs [0058] to [0059] respectively of WO2008/147704 .
  • Synthetic oils may also be produced by Fischer-Tropsch reactions and typically may be hydroisomerised Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons or waxes.
  • oils may be prepared by a Fischer-Tropsch gas-to-liquid synthetic procedure as well as other gas-to-liquid oils.
  • Oils of lubricating viscosity may also be defined as specified in April 2008 version of "Appendix E - API Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines for Passenger Car Motor Oils and Diesel Engine Oils", section 1.3 Sub-heading 1.3. "Base Stock Categories”.
  • the oil of lubricating viscosity may be an API Group I, or Group II, or Group III, or Group IV oil.
  • the oil of lubricating viscosity may be an API Group II or Group III oil.
  • the lubricating composition may be in the form of a concentrate and/or a fully formulated lubricant. If the lubricating composition (comprising the additives disclosed herein) is in the form of a concentrate which may be combined with additional oil to form, in whole or in part, a finished lubricant, the ratio of the of these additives to the oil of lubricating viscosity and/or to diluent oil include the ranges of 1:99 to 99:1 by weight, or 80:20 to 10:90 by weight
  • the composition optionally comprises other performance additives.
  • the other performance additives include at least one of metal deactivators, viscosity modifiers, detergents (in addition to the phenate previously described as part of the invention), friction modifiers, Antiwear agents, corrosion inhibitors, dispersants, dispersant viscosity modifiers, extreme pressure agents, antioxidants, foam inhibitors, demulsifiers, pour point depressants, seal swelling agents and mixtures thereof.
  • metal deactivators include at least one of metal deactivators, viscosity modifiers, detergents (in addition to the phenate previously described as part of the invention), friction modifiers, Antiwear agents, corrosion inhibitors, dispersants, dispersant viscosity modifiers, extreme pressure agents, antioxidants, foam inhibitors, demulsifiers, pour point depressants, seal swelling agents and mixtures thereof.
  • fully-formulated lubricating oil will contain one or more of these performance additives.
  • the lubricating composition further includes other additive.
  • the invention provides a lubricating composition further comprising at least one of a dispersant, an antiwear agent, a dispersant viscosity modifier, a friction modifier, a viscosity modifier, an antioxidant, a detergent (in addition to the phenate previously described as part of the invention), or mixtures thereof.
  • the dispersant may be a succinimide dispersant, or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment the dispersant may be present as a single dispersant. In one embodiment the dispersant may be present in a mixture of two or three different dispersants, wherein at least one may be a succinimide dispersant.
  • the succinimide dispersant may be derived from an aliphatic polyamine, or mixtures thereof.
  • the aliphatic polyamine may be aliphatic polyamine such as an ethylenepolyamine, a propylenepolyamine, a butylenepolyamine, or mixtures thereof.
  • the aliphatic polyamine may be ethylenepolyamine.
  • the aliphatic polyamine may be selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, polyamine still bottoms, and mixtures thereof.
  • Succinimide dispersants and their preparation are disclosed, for instance in US Patents 3,172,892 , 3,219,666 , 3,316,177 , 3,340,281 , 3,351,552 , 3,381,022 , 3,433,744 , 3,444,170 , 3,467,668 , 3,501,405 , 3,542,680 , 3,576,743 , 3,632,511 , 4,234,435 , Re 26,433 , and 6,165,235 , 7,238,650 and EP Patent Application 0 355 895 A .
  • the dispersant may also be post-treated by conventional methods by a reaction with any of a variety of agents.
  • agents include boron compounds, urea, thiourea, dimercaptothiadiazoles, carbon disulphide, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, hydrocarbon-substituted succinic anhydrides, maleic anhydride, nitriles, epoxides, and phosphorus compounds.
  • the dispersant may be present at 0.01 wt % to 20 wt %, or 0.1 wt % to 15 wt %, or 0.1 wt % to 10 wt %, or 1 wt % to 6 wt % of the lubricating composition.
  • the lubricating composition further comprises a dispersant viscosity modifier.
  • the dispersant viscosity modifier may be present at 0 wt % to 5 wt %, or 0 wt % to 4 wt %, or 0.05 wt %to 2 wt % of the lubricating composition.
  • fatty has at least 6 or at least 8 to 30, or 20 carbon atoms.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Verfahren zum Schmieren einer Aluminiumlegierungsoberfläche eines Verbrennungsmotors, umfassend das Zuführen einer Schmiermittelzusammensetzung, die ein Öl von Schmierviskosität und ein Alkali- oder Alkalinerdmetallphenat-Reinigungsmittel umfasst, zu der Aluminium-Legierungsoberfläche,
    wobei das Alkali- oder Alkalinerdmetallphenat-Reinigungsmittel 0,75 Gew.-% bis 2 Gew.-% kohlenstoffwasserstoffrestsubstituiertes Phenol an die Schmiermittelzusammensetzung abgibt;
    wobei die Aluminiumlegierung eine eutektische oder hypereutektische Aluminiumlegierung ist;
    wobei der Verbrennungsmotor einen Teil oder alle von Zylinderbohrung, Zylinderblock oder Kolbenring aus einer Aluminiumlegierung aufweist; und
    wobei das Phenatreinigungsmittel ein calciumgeschwefeltes Phenat ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das PhenatReinigungsmittel ein überbasisches calciumgeschwefeltes Phenat ist.
  3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2, wobei die Schmiermittelzusammensetzung (a) ein Öl mit Schmiermittelviskosität, (b) ein überbasisches Alkali-oder Alkalinerdmetallphenat-Reinigungsmittel mit einem TBN von 200 bis 400 umfasst und weiterhin (c) ein neutrales Phenat mit einem TBN von 20 bis 170 umfasst.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das Alkali- oder Alkalinerdmetallphenat-Reinigungsmittel ein Metallverhältnis von 0,8 bis 10 oder 3 bis 9 oder 4 bis 8 oder 5 bis 7 aufweist.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei das Alkali- oder Alkalinerdmetallphenat-Reinigungsmittel 0,9 Gew.-% bis 1,75 Gew.-% oder 1 Gew.-% bis 1,5 Gew.-% kohlenwasserstoffrestsubstituiertes Phenol an die Schmiermittelzusammensetzung abgibt.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei das Alkali- oder Alkalinerdmetallphenat-Reinigungsmittel 0,9 Gew.-% bis 1,75 Gew.-% des kohlenwasserstoffrestsubstituierten Phenols und Anionen davon an die Schmiermittelzusammensetzung abgibt; und wobei der Sulfataschegehalt mindestens 0,4 Gew.-% bis 1,3 Gew.-% der Schmiermittelzusammensetzung beträgt.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei das Alkali- oder Alkalinerdmetallphenat-Reinigungsmittel 1 Gew.-% oder mehr bis 1,5 Gew.-% des kohlenwasserstoffrestsubstituierten Phenols und Anionen davon an die Schmiermittelzusammensetzung abgibt; und wobei die Sulfatasche mindestens 0,6 Gew.-% bis 1,1 Gew.-% der Schmiermittelzusammensetzung beträgt.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Schmiermittelzusammensetzung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie (i) einen Schwefelgehalt von 0,5 Gew.-% oder weniger, (ii) einen Phosphorgehalt von 0,06 Gew.-% oder weniger und (iii) einen Schwefelaschegehalt von 1,3 Gew.-% oder weniger aufweist.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche 1 bis 8, weiter umfassend ein Zink-Dialkyldithiophosphat, wobei das Zink-Dialkyldithiophosphat bei 0,1 Gew.-% bis 3 Gew.-% oder 0,5 Gew.-% bis 2 Gew.-% der Schmiermittelzusammensetzung vorliegt.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei die Aluminiumlegierung eine eutektische oder hypereutektische Aluminiumlegierung ist, die aus Aluminiumsilikaten oder Aluminiumoxiden abgeleitet wird.
  11. Verwendung eines Alkali- oder Alkalinerdmetallphenat-Reinigungsmittels als Antiverschleißmittel für eine Aluminiumlegierungsoberfläche eines Verbrennungsmotors, wobei das Alkali- oder Alkalinerdmetallphenat-Reinigungsmittel 0,75 Gew.-% bis 2 Gew.-% des kohlenwasserstoffrestsubstituierten Phenols an die Schmiermittelzusammensetzung abgibt;
    wobei die Aluminiumlegierung eine eutektische oder hypereutektische Aluminiumlegierung ist;
    wobei der Verbrennungsmotor einen Teil oder alle von Zylinderbohrung, Zylinderblock oder Kolbenring aus einer Aluminiumlegierung aufweist; und
    wobei das Phenatreinigungsmittel ein calciumgeschwefeltes Phenat ist.
EP10747108.8A 2009-08-18 2010-08-10 Schmiermethode Active EP2467456B2 (de)

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EP2467456A1 (de) 2012-06-27
CN102575183A (zh) 2012-07-11
US20120245065A1 (en) 2012-09-27
IN2012DN01625A (de) 2015-06-05
EP2467456B2 (de) 2023-08-09
BR112012003694A2 (pt) 2016-03-29

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