EP2457662A1 - Hammer crusher grill - Google Patents

Hammer crusher grill Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2457662A1
EP2457662A1 EP10015021A EP10015021A EP2457662A1 EP 2457662 A1 EP2457662 A1 EP 2457662A1 EP 10015021 A EP10015021 A EP 10015021A EP 10015021 A EP10015021 A EP 10015021A EP 2457662 A1 EP2457662 A1 EP 2457662A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal strips
hammer crusher
grate according
crusher grate
grate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10015021A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2457662B1 (en
Inventor
Erich KÖHL
August Van Der Beek
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Metso Lindemann GmbH
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Metso Lindemann GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to ES10015021T priority Critical patent/ES2453378T3/en
Application filed by Metso Lindemann GmbH filed Critical Metso Lindemann GmbH
Priority to EP20100015021 priority patent/EP2457662B1/en
Priority to RU2013123656/13A priority patent/RU2571348C2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2011/065992 priority patent/WO2012069222A1/en
Priority to AU2011334087A priority patent/AU2011334087A1/en
Priority to US13/885,317 priority patent/US20130240651A1/en
Priority to CA2816523A priority patent/CA2816523A1/en
Priority to JP2013540272A priority patent/JP2014500796A/en
Publication of EP2457662A1 publication Critical patent/EP2457662A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2457662B1 publication Critical patent/EP2457662B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B02C13/284—Built-in screens

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hammer crusher grate.
  • a hammer crusher also called hammer mill, is a crushing machine that has long been used, for example, for the industrial processing of raw materials, but also for the comminution of valuable materials (residues).
  • the central element of a hammer crusher is a rotor with horizontally arranged shaft and circulating crushing tools (hammers), which act on the material to be shredded. Their comminuting effect is based primarily on the impact and impact stress of the feed material by the hammers articulated on the rotor.
  • Hammer crushers can have one or more rotors, which are usually arranged centrally in the crusher working space.
  • rotors usually arranged centrally in the crusher working space.
  • the following statements refer to a single-shaft hammer crusher, but can also be analogously applied to hammer crushers with several rotors.
  • the material chopped by the hammers is subsequently re-shredded via a so-called discharge grate and then led out of the machine.
  • a so-called bar grate which consists of individual grate bars, which are arranged at a distance to each other.
  • the rods may have a trapezoidal cross-section, so that the grid, following the shape of the cylindrical rotor, runs along a certain wrap angle more or less parallel to the rotor surface and at a distance to it.
  • the passage openings for the crushed material are defined by the distance of the grate bars, lattice-like gratings numerous discrete passage openings are formed, which have a much smaller cross-sectional area and therefore allow a classification corresponding to the respective cross-sectional shapes of the openings.
  • Such grid-like grates consist for example of manganese hard casting, chrome hard casting or other alloyed steel casting.
  • the material is subjected to high impact stress and high frictional wear.
  • the susceptibility to breakage can be reduced by reducing the hardness of the selected alloy.
  • this is at the expense of service life, since the wear increases due to friction.
  • For castings made of manganese-hard steel there is an increase in volume under impact stress. This is undesirable.
  • gratings are also known which are designed as welded constructions.
  • these have the disadvantage that, especially in the weld zones, the hardness is significantly lower.
  • the welds are so far exposed to increased wear progress. Through the welds, the rust can warp and must then be adjusted consuming. The production is also expensive.
  • the invention is so far the object of optimizing a generic hammer crusher rust in terms of hardness, ductility, wear behavior and duration of use.
  • the invention should relate in particular to a grid.
  • EN 10029 defines heavy plate as steel plates with a thickness t ⁇ 3.00 mm. These are rolled steel plates intended to replace the previously used cast elements.
  • the profiles can be produced by punching or burning (burnout). Both methods are known to perform simple and inexpensive.
  • the sheets used can be unalloyed or alloyed. They can have thicknesses up to 400 mm. As will be explained in more detail below are used in particular sheet metal strip for the new hammer crusher rust, which have a width of 50 to 150 mm and a height of 100 to 400 mm.
  • the metal strip / grate bars have excellent mechanical and thermomechanical properties. An exemplary material grade and its mechanical property values are mentioned in connection with the following exemplary embodiment.
  • the rolled sheet metal strips are inserted into one another via the profilings mentioned or connected to one another, forming the desired lattice structure in such a way that a self-supporting construction results.
  • the invention then relates to a hammer crusher grate of a plurality of intersecting metal strips, wherein the metal strips are positively connected to each other via corresponding profiles to form a grid structure.
  • the metal strips are arranged crosswise and plugged into each other via corresponding projections and recesses.
  • the metal strips may be designed comb-like, as shown in the following embodiment. At least 70% of the metal strips are comb-shaped.
  • the intersecting metal strips can extend at an angle of 90 degrees to each other, so that passage openings are formed with a rectangular cross-sectional profile between the metal strips.
  • the passage openings along the grid may be designed with a different cross-sectional area and / or different cross-sectional shape.
  • square or slot-like openings and through holes can be formed with a rhombus-like or trapezoidal cross-section.
  • a plurality of metal strips can be connected to one another such that at least one main side of the lattice structure has the shape of a partial surface of a cylinder.
  • Such a geometry can also be achieved with metal strips that have a rectangular cross-section.
  • the (imaginary) cylinder surface is then formed in the region of the sheet metal strips of planar surface portions, wherein the orientation of the sheet metal strips, viewed over the entire grate, but then is such that the corresponding main side is substantially parallel to the rotor surface.
  • the metal strips may be formed in the corresponding surface portion with a corresponding curvature.
  • the two main sides can run parallel / concentric with each other.
  • Another embodiment provides to select the geometry of the grate so that in the direction of rotation of the rotor, the distance between grate and rotor is smaller and / or the opening width (the cross-sectional area) of the individual passage openings between the metal strip in the direction of rotation of the rotor is smaller.
  • an essential parameter for the stability of the entire grid is also the axial area moment of inertia, ie the measure of the resistance of the cross section to bending. Accordingly, an embodiment of the invention provides that at least 70% of the metal strips have a height, perpendicular to at least one major side of the grate, which is at least 1.5 times greater than its width. "Perpendicular to the main side of the grate" is not necessarily to be understood in the sense of 90 degrees, but technically to the effect that the orientation of the metal strip is substantially radially to the corresponding main surface.
  • the height to width ratio is ⁇ 2 in one embodiment.
  • the positive connection of the intersecting metal strips can be adjusted by precise dimensioning of corresponding projections and recesses.
  • the basic principle is therefore a nesting of intersecting metal elements (metal strips) without additional fixings to each other.
  • the connection is made so that the static friction prevents loosening of the metal strips, for example during transport and / or assembly.
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of a hammer crusher is shown. Since this is basically known, only the essential elements are described below:
  • the feed material is fed and comminuted due to the high peripheral speed of the rotor R and the high impact energy of the hammers H. Due to the interaction of the hammers H and the design of the grate openings in the grills B1 and B2, the shredded material is discharged (arrows P1, P2).
  • FIG. 2 shows a portion of a grid according to the invention, which consists of two metal strips 12, 14, which extend at a distance from each other and by a total of 13 other metal strips with each other and non-positively and positively connected, the end-side metal strip with 16 and the intervening metal strip with 18, 16 'are marked.
  • the metal strips 12, 14 have a length L which is slightly larger than the axial length of the associated rotor R.
  • Each sheet metal strip 12, 14 has a height H which is about three times as large as their respective width B, resulting in a corresponding advantageous area moment of inertia in the direction of arrow T derives, wherein the predetermined direction by the arrow T corresponds approximately to the direction with which the material to be crushed falls on the grate 10.
  • the two metal strips 12, 14 each have nine recesses 20, so that each metal strip 12, 14 receives a kind of comb shape, as in particular FIG. 3 is recognizable.
  • In the recesses 20 engage corresponding projections 22 of the metal strip 18, which, as FIG. 3 shows, have a comb shape.
  • the dimensioning of the metal strips 18 is placed on the dimensioning of the recesses 20 so that there is a positive and non-positive connection and thus a self-supporting structure of the grid.
  • metal strips 12, 14 are interconnected by metal strips 16, which are similar wie.die metal strips 18 are constructed, but are set from below against and between the metal strips 12, 14, in particular FIG. 2 shows.
  • one of the pin-like projections 24 of the metal strip 16 is formed with a trapezoidal cross-sectional view, so that the up and inserted metal strips 12, 14 are aligned not parallel, but inclined to each other. This also applies to the metal strips 16 ', which are inserted between the metal strip 16 from below and create an additional positive and non-positive connection with the metal strips 12, 14.
  • the metal strips 18 are designed, that is, there is a respective pin-like projection also formed with a trapezoidal cross section, said portion between the metal strips 12, 14 is in the assembled state of the grid.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 only a section of a grid is shown. It is readily apparent that the length and width of the grid with an analogous structure can be arbitrarily increased and / or reduced. Likewise, the distances between adjacent metal strips 12, 14, 16, 18, 16 'vary and thus also the openings 30, which are formed between the metal strips 12, 14, 16, 18, 16'.
  • the metal strips 16, 16 serve as a support for fixing the grid in the hammer mill at the same time.
  • All metal strips consist of rolled heavy plate. Their height h is of the order of 250 mm and their width b is of the order of 70 mm. The length 1 of the metal strips 12, 14 is the order of magnitude of 2,700 mm in the illustrated embodiment.
  • All metal strips 12, 14, 16, 18, 16 'in this example are made of high-strength fine-grained steel (water quenched wear resistant steel).
  • This water-tempered steel has a hardness of 400 to 600 HB and is available under material numbers 1.8721 and 1.8715 [DIN EN 10027]. These varieties are also suitable for other embodiments of the invention.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 also show that the sheet-metal strips 16, 18, 16 'are arched on their upper side facing the rotor, so that a total of ( FIG. 2 ) yields a major side of the grid that approximates a portion of a cylindrical surface.
  • the curvature is selected depending on the respective rotor, moreover, depending on whether the grate is arranged parallel to the rotor surface or slightly eccentric thereto.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The crusher has several metal strips (12,14,16,18) that intersect with each other at an angle of 90[deg] and include corresponding profiles (20,22,24) to form a lattice structure positively with each other. The metal strips are inserted into other metal strips through the profiles. The metal strips are positively connected to form a main portion of a grating structure. The metal strips are formed with rectangular cross-section perpendicular to longitudinal axis.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hammerbrecher-Rost. Ein Hammerbrecher, auch Hammermühle genannt, ist eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine, die beispielsweise zur industriellen Rohstoffaufbereitung, aber auch zur Zerkleinerung von Wertstoffen (Reststoffen) seit langem eingesetzt wird. Zentrales Element eines Hammerbrechers ist ein Rotor mit horizontal angeordneter Welle und umlaufenden Zerkleinerungswerkzeugen (Hämmern), die auf das zu zerkleinernde Material einwirken. Ihre Zerkleinerungswirkung beruht primär auf der Prall- und Schlagbeanspruchung des Aufgabegutes durch die am Rotor gelenkig angeordneten Hämmer.The invention relates to a hammer crusher grate. A hammer crusher, also called hammer mill, is a crushing machine that has long been used, for example, for the industrial processing of raw materials, but also for the comminution of valuable materials (residues). The central element of a hammer crusher is a rotor with horizontally arranged shaft and circulating crushing tools (hammers), which act on the material to be shredded. Their comminuting effect is based primarily on the impact and impact stress of the feed material by the hammers articulated on the rotor.

Hammerbrecher können über einen oder mehrere Rotoren verfügen, die meistens zentrisch im Brecherarbeitsraum angeordnet sind. Die nachstehenden Ausführungen beziehen sich der Einfachheit halber auf einen Einwellen-Hammerbrecher, lassen sich analog aber auch auf Hammerbrecher mit mehreren Rotoren übertragen.Hammer crushers can have one or more rotors, which are usually arranged centrally in the crusher working space. For the sake of simplicity, the following statements refer to a single-shaft hammer crusher, but can also be analogously applied to hammer crushers with several rotors.

Das von den Hämmern zerkleinerte Aufgabegut wird anschließend über einen so genannten Austragsrost zum einen nachzerkleinert, zum anderen aus der Maschine herausgeführt. Es gibt verschiedene Bauformen derartiger Roste. Eine Möglichkeit ist ein so genannter Stabrost, der aus einzelnen Roststäben besteht, die im Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind. Die Stäbe können einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen, so dass der Rost, der Form des zylindrischen Rotors folgend, entlang eines bestimmten Umschlingungswinkels mehr oder weniger parallel zur Rotor-Oberfläche und im Abstand zu dieser verläuft.The material chopped by the hammers is subsequently re-shredded via a so-called discharge grate and then led out of the machine. There are different types of such grates. One possibility is a so-called bar grate, which consists of individual grate bars, which are arranged at a distance to each other. The rods may have a trapezoidal cross-section, so that the grid, following the shape of the cylindrical rotor, runs along a certain wrap angle more or less parallel to the rotor surface and at a distance to it.

Während bei einem Stabrost die Durchgangsöffnungen für das Zerkleinerungsgut durch den Abstand der Roststäbe definiert werden, werden bei gitterartigen Rosten zahlreiche diskrete Durchgangsöffnungen ausgebildet, die eine wesentlich kleinere Querschnittsfläche aufweisen und deshalb eine Klassierung entsprechend den jeweiligen Querschnittsformen der Öffnungen erlauben.While in a bar grate, the passage openings for the crushed material are defined by the distance of the grate bars, lattice-like gratings numerous discrete passage openings are formed, which have a much smaller cross-sectional area and therefore allow a classification corresponding to the respective cross-sectional shapes of the openings.

Solche gitterartigen Roste bestehen beispielsweise aus Manganhartguss, Chromhartguss oder anderem legierten Stahlguss. Während des Zerkleinerungsprozesses ist das Material einer starken Schlagbeanspruchung und einem hohen Reibverschleiß ausgesetzt. Es besteht für die Gussteile eine erhöhte Bruchgefahr. Zwar lässt sich die Bruchanfälligkeit durch eine Reduzierung der Härte der gewählten Legierung reduzieren. Dies geht dann jedoch zu Lasten der Standzeit, da der Verschleiß durch Reibung zunimmt. Bei Gussteilen aus Manganhartstahl tritt eine Volumensvergrößerung bei Schlagbeanspruchung hinzu. Diese ist unerwünscht.Such grid-like grates consist for example of manganese hard casting, chrome hard casting or other alloyed steel casting. During the crushing process, the material is subjected to high impact stress and high frictional wear. There is an increased risk of breakage for the castings. Although the susceptibility to breakage can be reduced by reducing the hardness of the selected alloy. However, this is at the expense of service life, since the wear increases due to friction. For castings made of manganese-hard steel, there is an increase in volume under impact stress. This is undesirable.

Es sind schließlich auch Gitterroste bekannt, die als Schweißkonstruktionen ausgeführt sind. Diese haben jedoch den Nachteil, dass insbesondere in den Schweißzonen die Härte deutlich geringer ist. Es besteht eine Rissgefahr durch Kerbwirkung an den Schweißnähten. Die Schweißnähte sind insoweit einem erhöhten Verschleißfortschritt ausgesetzt. Durch die Schweißnähte kann sich der Rost verziehen und muss dann aufwendig justiert werden. Die Herstellung ist außerdem teuer.Finally, gratings are also known which are designed as welded constructions. However, these have the disadvantage that, especially in the weld zones, the hardness is significantly lower. There is a risk of cracking due to notch effect on the welds. The welds are so far exposed to increased wear progress. Through the welds, the rust can warp and must then be adjusted consuming. The production is also expensive.

Der Erfindung liegt insoweit die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsgemäßen Hammerbrecher-Rost hinsichtlich Härte, Duktilität, Verschleißverhalten und Einsatzdauer zu optimieren. Dabei soll sich die Erfindung insbesondere auf einen Gitterrost beziehen.The invention is so far the object of optimizing a generic hammer crusher rust in terms of hardness, ductility, wear behavior and duration of use. In this case, the invention should relate in particular to a grid.

Die Erfindung beruht im Wesentlichen auf zwei, technisch und funktional aufeinander abgestimmten Maßnahmen, nämlich:

  • Verwendung von Grobblech als Produkt zur Herstellung des Gitterrostes.
  • Ausbildung der Streifen aus Grobblech mit Profilierungen zur kraftschlüssigen Verbindung der Blechstreifen untereinander zur Ausbildung der Gitterstruktur.
The invention is based essentially on two technically and functionally coordinated measures, namely:
  • Use of heavy plate as a product for the production of the grid.
  • Forming the strips of heavy plate with profiles for non-positive connection of the metal strip with each other to form the lattice structure.

Die EN 10029 definiert Grobblech als Stahlplatten mit einer Dicke t ≥ 3,00 mm. Es handelt sich um gewalzte Stahlplatten, die die früher verwendeten Gusselemente ersetzen sollen.EN 10029 defines heavy plate as steel plates with a thickness t ≥ 3.00 mm. These are rolled steel plates intended to replace the previously used cast elements.

Die Profilierungen lassen sich durch Stanzen oder Brennen (Ausbrennen) herstellen. Beide Verfahren sind bekannt, einfach und preiswert auszuführen.The profiles can be produced by punching or burning (burnout). Both methods are known to perform simple and inexpensive.

Die verwendeten Bleche können unlegiert oder legiert sein. Sie können Dicken bis zu 400 mm aufweisen. Wie nachstehend noch näher erläutert werden für den neuen Hammerbrecher-Rost insbesondere Blechstreifen verwendet, die eine Breite von 50 bis 150 mm und eine Höhe von 100 bis 400 mm aufweisen. Die Blechstreifen/Roststäbe besitzen hervorragende mechanische und thermomechanische Eigenschaften. Eine beispielhafte Werkstoffsorte und deren mechanische Eigenschaftswerte sind im Zusammenhang mit dem nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispiel genannt.The sheets used can be unalloyed or alloyed. They can have thicknesses up to 400 mm. As will be explained in more detail below are used in particular sheet metal strip for the new hammer crusher rust, which have a width of 50 to 150 mm and a height of 100 to 400 mm. The metal strip / grate bars have excellent mechanical and thermomechanical properties. An exemplary material grade and its mechanical property values are mentioned in connection with the following exemplary embodiment.

Die gewalzten Blechstreifen werden erfindungsgemäß über die genannten Profilierungen ineinander gesteckt beziehungsweise miteinander verbunden, unter Ausbildung der gewünschten Gitterstruktur und zwar so, dass eine selbsttragende Konstruktion entsteht.According to the invention, the rolled sheet metal strips are inserted into one another via the profilings mentioned or connected to one another, forming the desired lattice structure in such a way that a self-supporting construction results.

In der allgemeinsten Ausführungsform betrifft die Erfindung danach einen Hammerbrecher-Rost aus mehreren sich kreuzenden Blechstreifen, wobei die Blechstreifen über korrespondierende Profilierungen unter Ausbildung einer Gitterstruktur miteinander kraftschlüssig verbunden sind.In the most general embodiment, the invention then relates to a hammer crusher grate of a plurality of intersecting metal strips, wherein the metal strips are positively connected to each other via corresponding profiles to form a grid structure.

Nach einer Ausführungsform sind die Blechstreifen kreuzweise angeordnet und über korrespondierende Vor- und Rücksprünge ineinander gesteckt.According to one embodiment, the metal strips are arranged crosswise and plugged into each other via corresponding projections and recesses.

Die Blechstreifen können kammartig gestaltet sein, wie dies auch im nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt wird. Dabei sind mindestens 70 % der Blechstreifen kammartig gestaltet.The metal strips may be designed comb-like, as shown in the following embodiment. At least 70% of the metal strips are comb-shaped.

Die sich kreuzenden Blechstreifen können unter einem Winkel von 90 Grad zueinander verlaufen, so dass zwischen den Blechstreifen Durchgangsöffnungen mit rechteckigem Querschnittsprofil ausgebildet werden. Je nach Anwendungsfall können die Durchgangsöffnungen entlang des Gitterrostes mit unterschiedlicher Querschnittsfläche und/oder unterschiedlicher Querschnittsform gestaltet sein. Neben rechteckigen, quadratischen oder schlitzartigen Öffnungen können auch Durchgangsöffnungen mit einem rhombusartigen oder trapezartigen Querschnitt ausgebildet werden.The intersecting metal strips can extend at an angle of 90 degrees to each other, so that passage openings are formed with a rectangular cross-sectional profile between the metal strips. Depending on the application, the passage openings along the grid may be designed with a different cross-sectional area and / or different cross-sectional shape. In addition to rectangular, square or slot-like openings and through holes can be formed with a rhombus-like or trapezoidal cross-section.

Soweit nachstehend im Zusammenhang mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Gitterrost von dessen Hauptseiten gesprochen wird, so handelt es sich bei der einen Hauptseite um die Seite des Rostes, die dem Rotor des Hammerbrechers zugeordnet ist und bei der anderen Hauptseite um die der ersten Seite gegenüberliegende Seite.As far as is discussed below in the context of a grate according to the invention of the main pages, so it is in one main page to the side of the grate, which is associated with the rotor of the hammer crusher and the other main side to the first side opposite side.

Dabei können mehrere Blechstreifen so miteinander verbunden werden, dass mindestens eine Hauptseite der Gitterstruktur die Form einer Teil-Oberfläche eines Zylinders hat. Eine solche Geometrie kann auch mit Blechstreifen erreicht werden, die einen Rechteckquerschnitt besitzen. Die (gedachte) Zylinderoberfläche wird dann im Bereich der Blechstreifen von planaren Flächenabschnitten gebildet, wobei die Orientierung der Blechstreifen, über den gesamten Rost betrachtet, dann jedoch so ist, dass die korrespondierende Hauptseite im Wesentlichen parallel zur Rotoroberfläche verläuft.In this case, a plurality of metal strips can be connected to one another such that at least one main side of the lattice structure has the shape of a partial surface of a cylinder. Such a geometry can also be achieved with metal strips that have a rectangular cross-section. The (imaginary) cylinder surface is then formed in the region of the sheet metal strips of planar surface portions, wherein the orientation of the sheet metal strips, viewed over the entire grate, but then is such that the corresponding main side is substantially parallel to the rotor surface.

Selbstverständlich können die Blechstreifen im korrespondierenden Oberflächenabschnitt auch mit einer korrespondierenden Krümmung ausgebildet sein.Of course, the metal strips may be formed in the corresponding surface portion with a corresponding curvature.

Dabei können die beiden Hauptseiten parallel/konzentrisch zueinander verlaufen.The two main sides can run parallel / concentric with each other.

Eine andere Ausführungsform sieht vor, die Geometrie des Rostes so zu wählen, dass in Drehrichtung des Rotors der Abstand zwischen Rost und Rotor kleiner wird und/oder die Öffnungsweite (die Querschnittsfläche) der einzelnen Durchgangsöffnungen zwischen den Blechstreifen in Rotationsrichtung des Rotors kleiner wird.Another embodiment provides to select the geometry of the grate so that in the direction of rotation of the rotor, the distance between grate and rotor is smaller and / or the opening width (the cross-sectional area) of the individual passage openings between the metal strip in the direction of rotation of the rotor is smaller.

Ein wesentlicher Parameter für die Stabilität des gesamten Gitterrostes ist auch das axiale Flächenträgheitsmoment, also das Maß für den Widerstand des Querschnitts gegen Biegung. Entsprechend sieht eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung vor, dass mindestens 70 % der Blechstreifen eine Höhe, senkrecht zu mindestens einer Hauptseite des Rostes, aufweisen, die mindestens 1,5 mal größer als ihre Breite ist. "Senkrecht zur Hauptseite des Rostes" ist dabei nicht zwangsläufig im Sinne von 90 Grad zu verstehen, sondern technisch dahingehend, dass die Orientierung des Blechstreifens im Wesentlichen radial zur korrespondierenden Hauptfläche liegt.An essential parameter for the stability of the entire grid is also the axial area moment of inertia, ie the measure of the resistance of the cross section to bending. Accordingly, an embodiment of the invention provides that at least 70% of the metal strips have a height, perpendicular to at least one major side of the grate, which is at least 1.5 times greater than its width. "Perpendicular to the main side of the grate" is not necessarily to be understood in the sense of 90 degrees, but technically to the effect that the orientation of the metal strip is substantially radially to the corresponding main surface.

Das Verhältnis von Höhe zu Breite beträgt nach einer Ausführungsform ≥ 2.The height to width ratio is ≥ 2 in one embodiment.

Die formschlüssige Verbindung der sich kreuzenden Blechstreifen (Blechbalken, Blechstäbe) kann durch präzise Dimensionierung korrespondierender Vor- und Rücksprünge eingestellt werden. Das Grundprinzip ist also ein Ineinanderstecken sich kreuzender Metallelemente (Blechstreifen) ohne zusätzliche Befestigungen untereinander. In jedem Fall erfolgt dabei die Verbindung so, dass die Haftreibung ein Lösen der Blechstreifen beispielsweise während des Transportes und/oder der Montage verhindert.The positive connection of the intersecting metal strips (sheet metal, sheet metal bars) can be adjusted by precise dimensioning of corresponding projections and recesses. The basic principle is therefore a nesting of intersecting metal elements (metal strips) without additional fixings to each other. In any case, the connection is made so that the static friction prevents loosening of the metal strips, for example during transport and / or assembly.

Im eingebauten Zustand spielt dies regelmäßig dann keine Rolle mehr, wenn die Konfektionierung (der Zusammenbau) der einzelnen Blechstreifen so ist, dass für alle Bauteile korrespondierende Auflager existieren, die in Transportrichtung des Zerkleinerungsgutes außen liegen.When installed, this regularly no longer plays a role when the assembly (assembly) of the individual metal strips is such that for all components corresponding supports exist, which lie in the transport direction of the material to be crushed outside.

Die Montage des Gitterrostes bei einem Hammerbrecher kann beispielsweise so erfolgen, dass die parallel zur Welle des Rotors verlaufenden Blechstäbe endseitig an korrespondierenden Wänden befestigt sind, während senkrecht dazu verlaufende Blechstäbe auf die längs verlaufenden Blechstäbe aufgesetzt (in diese eingeklinkt) werden, wie ebenfalls bei nachfolgendem Ausführungsbeispiel näher dargestellt.The mounting of the grate in a hammer crusher, for example, done so that the parallel to the shaft of the rotor extending metal rods are fixed end to corresponding walls, while perpendicularly extending sheet metal rods placed on the longitudinally extending sheet metal rods (latched into this), as also in the following Embodiment shown in more detail.

Bei Bedarf können jedoch einzelne Schweißpunkte im Kontaktbereich sich kreuzender Blechstreifen vorgesehen werden, insbesondere als Transportsicherung. Diese haben keine mechanischen Aufgaben im Betrieb des Hammerbrechers und insbesondere keine mechanischen Aufgaben zur Fixierung des Gitterrostes und/oder dessen Teile.If necessary, however, individual welds can be provided in the contact region of intersecting metal strips, in particular as a transport lock. These have no mechanical tasks in the operation of the hammer crusher and in particular no mechanical tasks for fixing the grating and / or its parts.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche sowie den sonstigen Anmeldungsunterlagen.Other features of the invention will become apparent from the features of the claims and the other application documents.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment.

In Figur 1 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Hammerbrechers dargestellt. Da dieser grundsätzlich bekannt ist, werden nachstehend nur die wesentlichen Elemente beschrieben:In FIG. 1 an embodiment of a hammer crusher is shown. Since this is basically known, only the essential elements are described below:

Bei A wird das Aufgabegut zugeführt und aufgrund der hohen Umfangsgeschwindigkeit des Rotors R und der hohen Schlagenergie der Hämmer H zerkleinert. Durch das Zusammenwirken der Hämmer H und die Gestaltung der Rostöffnungen in den Rosten B1 und B2 wird das zerkleinerte Gut ausgetragen (Pfeile P1, P2).At A, the feed material is fed and comminuted due to the high peripheral speed of the rotor R and the high impact energy of the hammers H. Due to the interaction of the hammers H and the design of the grate openings in the grills B1 and B2, the shredded material is discharged (arrows P1, P2).

Figur 2 zeigt einen Teil eines erfindungsgemäßen Gitterrostes, der hier aus zwei Blechstreifen 12, 14 besteht, die im Abstand zueinander verlaufen und durch insgesamt 13 weitere Blechstreifen miteinander und untereinander kraft- und formschlüssig verbunden sind, wobei die endseitigen Blechstreifen mit 16 und die dazwischen verlaufenden Blechstreifen mit 18, 16' gekennzeichnet sind. FIG. 2 shows a portion of a grid according to the invention, which consists of two metal strips 12, 14, which extend at a distance from each other and by a total of 13 other metal strips with each other and non-positively and positively connected, the end-side metal strip with 16 and the intervening metal strip with 18, 16 'are marked.

Die Blechstreifen 12, 14 weisen eine Länge L auf, die etwas größer ist als die axiale Länge des zugehörigen Rotors R. Jeder Blechstreifen 12, 14 besitzt eine Höhe H, die etwa dreimal so groß ist wie ihre jeweilige Breite B, woraus sich ein entsprechend vorteilhaftes Flächenträgheitsmoment in Pfeilrichtung T ableitet, wobei die durch den Pfeil T vorgegebene Richtung etwa der Richtung entspricht, mit der das Zerkleinerungsgut auf den Rost 10 fällt.The metal strips 12, 14 have a length L which is slightly larger than the axial length of the associated rotor R. Each sheet metal strip 12, 14 has a height H which is about three times as large as their respective width B, resulting in a corresponding advantageous area moment of inertia in the direction of arrow T derives, wherein the predetermined direction by the arrow T corresponds approximately to the direction with which the material to be crushed falls on the grate 10.

Die beiden Blechstreifen 12, 14 weisen jeweils neun Aussparungen 20 auf, so dass jeder Blechstreifen 12, 14 eine Art Kammform erhält, wie dies insbesondere aus Figur 3 erkennbar ist. In die Aussparungen 20 greifen korrespondierende Vorsprünge 22 der Blechstreifen 18 ein, die, wie Figur 3 zeigt, eine Kammform besitzen.The two metal strips 12, 14 each have nine recesses 20, so that each metal strip 12, 14 receives a kind of comb shape, as in particular FIG. 3 is recognizable. In the recesses 20 engage corresponding projections 22 of the metal strip 18, which, as FIG. 3 shows, have a comb shape.

Die Dimensionierung der Blechstreifen 18 ist auf die Dimensionierung der Aussparungen 20 so abgestellt, dass sich eine form- und kraftschlüssige Verbindung und damit eine selbsttragende Struktur des Gitterrostes ergibt.The dimensioning of the metal strips 18 is placed on the dimensioning of the recesses 20 so that there is a positive and non-positive connection and thus a self-supporting structure of the grid.

Endseitig werden die Blechstreifen 12, 14 durch Blechstreifen 16 miteinander verbunden, die ähnlich wie.die Blechstreifen 18 aufgebaut sind, jedoch von unten gegen und zwischen die Blechstreifen 12, 14 gesetzt werden, wie insbesondere Figur 2 zeigt.At the end, the metal strips 12, 14 are interconnected by metal strips 16, which are similar wie.die metal strips 18 are constructed, but are set from below against and between the metal strips 12, 14, in particular FIG. 2 shows.

Dabei ist jeweils einer der zapfenartigen Vorsprünge 24 der Blechstreifen 16 mit einem in der Aufsicht trapezförmigen Querschnitt ausgebildet, so dass die auf- und eingelegten Blechstreifen 12, 14 nicht parallel, sondern geneigt zueinander ausgerichtet werden. Dies gilt auch für die Blechstreifen 16', die zwischen den Blechstreifen 16 von unten eingesetzt sind und eine zusätzliche form- und kraftschlüssige Verbindung mit den Blechstreifen 12, 14 schaffen.In each case, one of the pin-like projections 24 of the metal strip 16 is formed with a trapezoidal cross-sectional view, so that the up and inserted metal strips 12, 14 are aligned not parallel, but inclined to each other. This also applies to the metal strips 16 ', which are inserted between the metal strip 16 from below and create an additional positive and non-positive connection with the metal strips 12, 14.

Analog sind auch die Blechstreifen 18 gestaltet, das heißt dort ist jeweils ein zapfenartiger Vorsprung ebenfalls mit einem trapezförmigen Querschnitt gebildet, wobei dieser Abschnitt zwischen den Blechstreifen 12, 14 im zusammengebauten Zustand des Gitterrostes liegt.Similarly, the metal strips 18 are designed, that is, there is a respective pin-like projection also formed with a trapezoidal cross section, said portion between the metal strips 12, 14 is in the assembled state of the grid.

In den Figuren 2, 3 ist nur ein Ausschnitt eines Gitterrostes dargestellt. Es ist ohne weiteres ersichtlich, dass sich die Länge und Breite des Gitterrostes bei analogem Aufbau beliebig vergrößern und/oder verkleinern lässt. Ebenso lassen sich die Abstände benachbarter Blechstreifen 12, 14, 16, 18, 16' variieren und damit auch die Öffnungen 30, die zwischen den Blechstreifen 12, 14, 16, 18, 16' ausgebildet werden.In the FIGS. 2, 3 only a section of a grid is shown. It is readily apparent that the length and width of the grid with an analogous structure can be arbitrarily increased and / or reduced. Likewise, the distances between adjacent metal strips 12, 14, 16, 18, 16 'vary and thus also the openings 30, which are formed between the metal strips 12, 14, 16, 18, 16'.

Die Blechstreifen 16, 16' dienen gleichzeitig als Auflager zur Befestigung des Gitterrostes in der Hammermühle.The metal strips 16, 16 'serve as a support for fixing the grid in the hammer mill at the same time.

Alle Blechstreifen bestehen aus gewalztem Grobblech. Ihre Höhe h beträgt größenordnungsmäßig 250 mm, ihre Breite b größenordnungsmäßig 70 mm. Die Länge 1 der Blechstreifen 12, 14 liegt beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel größenordnungsmäßig bei 2.700 mm.All metal strips consist of rolled heavy plate. Their height h is of the order of 250 mm and their width b is of the order of 70 mm. The length 1 of the metal strips 12, 14 is the order of magnitude of 2,700 mm in the illustrated embodiment.

Alle Blechstreifen 12, 14, 16, 18, 16' in diesem Beispiel bestehen aus hochfestem Feinkornbaustahl (water quenched wear resistant steel). Dieser wasservergütete Stahl hat eine Härte von 400 bis 600 HB und wird unter den Werkstoff-Nummern 1.8721 und 1.8715 [DIN EN 10027] angeboten. Diese Sorten eignen sich auch für andere Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.All metal strips 12, 14, 16, 18, 16 'in this example are made of high-strength fine-grained steel (water quenched wear resistant steel). This water-tempered steel has a hardness of 400 to 600 HB and is available under material numbers 1.8721 and 1.8715 [DIN EN 10027]. These varieties are also suitable for other embodiments of the invention.

Sofern gewünscht wird, den kompletten Gitterrost vorkonfektioniert in einer Hammermühle einzubauen, kann es zweckmäßig sein, die an sich selbsttragende Konstruktion durch einzelne Schweißpunkte zwischen korrespondierenden Bauteilen zusätzlich zu stabilisieren. Solche beispielhaften Schweißpunkte sind in Figur 2 mit S angedeutet.If it is desired to install the complete wire rack prefabricated in a hammer mill, it may be expedient to additionally stabilize the self-supporting structure by means of individual welding points between corresponding components. Such exemplary welds are in FIG. 2 indicated by S.

Die Figuren 2, 3 zeigen auch, dass die Blechstreifen 16, 18, 16' auf ihrer jeweils dem Rotor zugewandten Oberseite gewölbt ausgebildet sind, so dass sich insgesamt (Figur 2) eine Hauptseite des Gitterrostes ergibt, die einem Abschnitt einer Zylinderoberfläche angenähert ist. Dabei wird die Krümmung in Abhängigkeit vom jeweiligen Rotor gewählt, außerdem in Abhängigkeit davon, ob der Gitterrost parallel zur Rotoroberfläche oder leicht exzentrisch dazu angeordnet ist.The FIGS. 2, 3 also show that the sheet-metal strips 16, 18, 16 'are arched on their upper side facing the rotor, so that a total of ( FIG. 2 ) yields a major side of the grid that approximates a portion of a cylindrical surface. In this case, the curvature is selected depending on the respective rotor, moreover, depending on whether the grate is arranged parallel to the rotor surface or slightly eccentric thereto.

Claims (14)

Hammerbrecher-Rost aus mehreren sich kreuzenden Blechstreifen (12, 14, 16, 18, 16'), wobei die Blechstreifen über korrespondierende Profilierungen (20, 22, 24) unter Ausbildung einer Gitterstruktur miteinander formschlüssig verbunden sind.Hammer crusher grate of a plurality of intersecting metal strips (12, 14, 16, 18, 16 '), wherein the metal strips are connected via corresponding profilings (20, 22, 24) to form a grid structure with each other form-fitting manner. Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die sich kreuzenden Blechstreifen (12, 14, 16, 18, 16') über korrespondierende Vor- und Rücksprünge (20, 22, 24) ineinander gesteckt sind.Hammer crusher grate according to claim 1, in which the intersecting metal strips (12, 14, 16, 18, 16 ') are inserted into one another via corresponding projections and recesses (20, 22, 24). Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1, bei dem mindestens 70 % der Blechstreifen (12, 14, 16, 18, 16') kammartig gestaltet sind.Hammer crusher grate according to claim 1, wherein at least 70% of the sheet metal strips (12, 14, 16, 18, 16 ') are comb-shaped. Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die sich kreuzenden Blechstreifen (12, 14, 16, 18, 16') unter einem Winkel von 90 Grad zueinander verlaufen.Hammer crusher grate according to claim 1, wherein the intersecting metal strips (12, 14, 16, 18, 16 ') extend at an angle of 90 degrees to each other. Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die sich kreuzenden Blechstreifen (12, 14, 16 18, 16') formschlüssig verbunden sind.Hammer crusher grate according to claim 1, wherein the intersecting metal strips (12, 14, 16 18, 16 ') are positively connected. Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1, bei dem mehrere Blechstreifen (12, 14, 16, 18, 16') so miteinander verbunden sind, dass mindestens eine Hauptseite der Gitterstruktur die Form einer Teil-Oberfläche eines Zylinders hat.A hammer crusher grate according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sheet metal strips (12, 14, 16, 18, 16 ') are interconnected such that at least one major side of the grid structure is in the form of a partial surface of a cylinder. Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1, bei dem mehrere Blechstreifen (12, 14, 16, 18, 16') im Wesentlichen einen Rechteckquerschnitt, senkrecht zu ihrer Längserstreckung, aufweisen.Hammer crusher grate according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sheet metal strips (12, 14, 16, 18, 16 ') have a substantially rectangular cross-section, perpendicular to their longitudinal extent. Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Blechstreifen (12, 14, 16, 18, 16') so ausgebildet und angeordnet sind, dass zwischen ihnen Gitteröffnungen (30) mit rechteckiger Querschnittsfläche ausgebildet werden.Hammer crusher grate according to claim 1, wherein the metal strips (12, 14, 16, 18, 16 ') are formed and arranged to form between them grid openings (30) with a rectangular cross-sectional area. Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Blechstreifen (12, 14, 16, 18, 16') so ausgebildet und angeordnet sind, dass die dazwischen ausgebildeten Gitteröffnungen (30) im Wesentlichen gleich groß sind.A hammer crusher grate according to claim 1, wherein the sheet metal strips (12, 14, 16, 18, 16 ') are formed and arranged so that the grid openings (30) formed therebetween are substantially equal in size. Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1 mit zwei zueinander parallelen Hauptseiten.Hammer crusher grate according to claim 1 with two mutually parallel main sides. Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1, bei dem mindestens 70 % der Blechstreifen eine Höhe (H), senkrecht zu mindestens einer Hauptseite des Rosts, aufweisen, die mindestens 1,5 mal größer als ihre Breite (B) ist.A hammer crusher grate according to claim 1, wherein at least 70% of the sheet metal strips have a height (H) perpendicular to at least one major side of the grate at least 1.5 times greater than their width (B). Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1, bei dem mindestens 70 % der Blechstreifen eine Höhe (H), senkrecht zu mindestens einer Hauptseite des Rosts, aufweisen, die mindestens doppelt so groß wie ihre Breite (B) ist.A hammer crusher grate according to claim 1, wherein at least 70% of the sheet metal strips have a height (H) perpendicular to at least one major side of the grate which is at least twice as large as their width (B). Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1, der zur Transportsicherung mehrere Schweißpunkte im Kontaktbereich sich kreuzender Blechstreifen (12, 14, 16, 18, 16') aufweist.Hammer crusher grate according to claim 1, which has a plurality of welding points in the contact region of intersecting metal strips (12, 14, 16, 18, 16 ') for transport safety. Hammerbrecher-Rost nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Blechstreifen so angeordnet und ausgebildet sind, dass der Rost selbsttragend ist.Hammer crusher grate according to claim 1, wherein the metal strips are arranged and formed so that the grate is self-supporting.
EP20100015021 2010-11-26 2010-11-26 Hammer crusher grill Not-in-force EP2457662B1 (en)

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EP20100015021 EP2457662B1 (en) 2010-11-26 2010-11-26 Hammer crusher grill
ES10015021T ES2453378T3 (en) 2010-11-26 2010-11-26 Lattice for hammer crusher
PCT/EP2011/065992 WO2012069222A1 (en) 2010-11-26 2011-09-15 Hammer crusher grill
AU2011334087A AU2011334087A1 (en) 2010-11-26 2011-09-15 Hammer Crusher Grate
RU2013123656/13A RU2571348C2 (en) 2010-11-26 2011-09-15 Hammer crusher grate
US13/885,317 US20130240651A1 (en) 2010-11-26 2011-09-15 Hammer crusher grill
CA2816523A CA2816523A1 (en) 2010-11-26 2011-09-15 Hammer crusher grate
JP2013540272A JP2014500796A (en) 2010-11-26 2011-09-15 Hammer crusher grate

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WO2022162521A1 (en) 2021-01-29 2022-08-04 Fravizel - Equipamentos Metalomecânicos, S.A. A hammer rotor and a fragmenting apparatus for fragmenting a whole stone slab

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EP2851123A1 (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-25 Metso Minerals (Deutschland) GmbH Hammer crusher grate
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WO2022162521A1 (en) 2021-01-29 2022-08-04 Fravizel - Equipamentos Metalomecânicos, S.A. A hammer rotor and a fragmenting apparatus for fragmenting a whole stone slab

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RU2013123656A (en) 2015-01-10
ES2453378T3 (en) 2014-04-07
US20130240651A1 (en) 2013-09-19
WO2012069222A1 (en) 2012-05-31
RU2571348C2 (en) 2015-12-20
AU2011334087A1 (en) 2013-05-02
JP2014500796A (en) 2014-01-16
EP2457662B1 (en) 2014-01-01

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