EP2454469A2 - Bougie d'allumage par laser pour moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Bougie d'allumage par laser pour moteur à combustion interne

Info

Publication number
EP2454469A2
EP2454469A2 EP10770947A EP10770947A EP2454469A2 EP 2454469 A2 EP2454469 A2 EP 2454469A2 EP 10770947 A EP10770947 A EP 10770947A EP 10770947 A EP10770947 A EP 10770947A EP 2454469 A2 EP2454469 A2 EP 2454469A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark plug
laser
projection
laser spark
combustion chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10770947A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Friedrich Gruber
Markus Kraus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Innio Jenbacher GmbH and Co OG
Original Assignee
GE Jenbacher GmbH and Co OHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GE Jenbacher GmbH and Co OHG filed Critical GE Jenbacher GmbH and Co OHG
Publication of EP2454469A2 publication Critical patent/EP2454469A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P23/00—Other ignition
    • F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laser spark plug, comprising a laser light generating device and a spark plug housing, at the brennraum workedem end a coupling optics for coupling laser light is arranged in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, wherein the spark plug housing has a mounting region for fixing the laser spark plug in a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine.
  • the invention further relates to an arrangement comprising a laser spark plug of the aforementioned type and a cylinder head with a fixing region for the mounting region of the laser spark plug.
  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine, in particular a gas engine, with such an arrangement.
  • Laser ignition is an ignition system that is in an intensive development phase and has fundamental advantages over conventional spark ignition.
  • the laser ignition which is referred to in this proposed invention, consists of a laser spark plug, in which only a few nanoseconds lasting laser light pulse is generated with sufficiently high energy, wherein emerging from eg a laser crystal laser light beams are bundled and focused on a suitable optics and over a translucent window, the so-called Einkoppeloptik or the combustion chamber window, are coupled into the combustion chamber at the combustion chamber end of the laser spark plug. At the focal point of the laser light beams, the plasma flash or spark is generated. Furthermore, the laser ignition system has an optical pump device, where a quasi-continuous laser light of suitable wavelength is generated, which is guided via a fiber optic cable to the laser crystal in the laser spark plug and activated with this, until the laser pulse triggers.
  • the temperature of the laser spark plug is kept as low as possible at the installation location of the laser crystal.
  • the components bounding the combustion chamber are subject to high thermal loads, often with long plug wells in which the spark plugs are installed, and where the wall temperatures are already around 90 ° C.
  • the laser crystal should not have a higher temperature than max. 130 ° C occur.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide devices of the type mentioned in the introduction in which these disadvantages are reduced, ie. in which there are no temperature problems in the area of the laser light generating device, usually a laser crystal.
  • a projection is arranged at the combustion chamber end of the spark plug housing, in which the coupling optics is located, wherein the outer diameter of the projection in the region of the coupling optics is smaller than the outer diameter of the spark plug housing in the mounting region.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge of keeping the heat radiation on the laser spark plug from the combustion chamber as low as possible and to dissipate the heat from the spark plug housing over as large a heat-dissipating contact surface to the cylinder head wall.
  • the combustion chamber window in an area, namely the projection, which has a smaller outer diameter than the fastening area, less heat is absorbed by the spark plug since the projection in the area of the coupling optics has a smaller area exposed to the combustion chamber .
  • more heat can be dissipated over the thicker area of the attachment.
  • the proposed solution is further based on the new knowledge that only a relatively small light passage element (coupling optics) is required at the combustion chamber window.
  • the light cone may have a diameter of less than 5 mm, but preferably about 3 mm, on the combustion chamber-side surface of the coupling-in optical system. Together with the attachment the Einkoppeloptik in the spark plug housing is thus a total outer diameter at the combustion chamber end of the laser spark plug of not more than about 8 mm required. Furthermore, it has been shown in the attempts to optimize the laser ignition that the highest possible numerical aperture of the focusing optics, ie the largest possible opening angle of the light cone with the focus should be sought as a cone point.
  • the fastening region comprises an external thread, that is to say that the spark plug can be fastened with a thread in the cylinder head, the projection being arranged in the direction of the combustion chamber towards the external thread.
  • the protrusion may, for example (at least in some areas), have the shape of a straight circular cylinder, the outer diameter of which is then smaller than the outer diameter in the fastening area, preferably the outer thread.
  • the projection may (at least partially) have the shape of a truncated cone.
  • the cylinder head is shaped so that the truncated cone fits tightly into the receiving area of the cylinder head for the spark plug.
  • the ratio of outer diameter in the attachment region D2 to the smallest outer diameter D1 in the region of the projection is between 1, 5 and 2.5.
  • the ratio of the length of the projection to the smallest outer diameter in the region of the projection is between 0.8 and 1.2.
  • the smallest outer diameter in the region of the projection is between 7 mm and 10 mm.
  • protection is also sought for an arrangement comprising a laser spark plug of the aforementioned type and a cylinder head with a fixing region for the fastening region of the laser spark plug.
  • the fixing region comprises an internal thread which corresponds to the external thread of the laser spark plug.
  • the cylinder head has a receiving region for the laser spark plug, which is formed so that the combustion chamber-side end of the projection with the wall of the combustion chamber is substantially flush.
  • the projection is at least partially arranged tightly seated in the cylinder head.
  • a sealing element is arranged which has a higher thermal conductivity than the spark plug housing, which is arranged heat-conducting between the cylinder head and spark plug housing.
  • a sealing element to be arranged along the longitudinal axis in the direction of the combustion chamber after the fixing region, which has a higher thermal conductivity than the spark plug housing, which is arranged in heat-conducting fashion between the cylinder head and the spark plug housing.
  • a cooling channel may be provided which at least partially surrounds the fixation region. It can also be provided that this cooling channel also surrounds the projection at least partially.
  • the proposed solution according to the invention provides that the laser spark plug has a projection, for example a cylindrical and / or frusto-conical projection, which forms the end of the spark plug of the laser spark plug.
  • a widening connects which can serve as a sealing seat surface, as well as for heat dissipation.
  • This sealing seat can either be a flat sealing seat or a conical seat.
  • the fastening region preferably an external thread, which serves for fastening or screwing in the laser spark plug into the internal combustion engine, adjoins this sealing seat.
  • the attachment area or the external thread of the laser spark plug closes upwards, e.g. with a Einschraubansatz, for example, a hexagon from.
  • a very soft elastic support ring made of very good heat conducting material.
  • the laser spark plug could also be designed so that below the mounting area only heat dissipation by a sealing element in the form of e.g. a soft elastic bearing ring and above the threaded part a sealing element as a sealing seat (with a corresponding seal between Auffage Structure and Kerzengeophuseabsatz) takes place.
  • a sealing element in the form of e.g. a soft elastic bearing ring and above the threaded part a sealing element as a sealing seat (with a corresponding seal between Auffage Structure and Kerzengekoruseabsatz) takes place.
  • the advantage of the solution with a sealing fit between the fastening part and the coupling optics is the better sealing effect due to the smaller sealing seat surface, such as e.g. in the case of Falchdichtung, or by the larger heat dissipation surface with a correspondingly favorable surface pressure when using a conical seat.
  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine, in particular a gas engine, with an arrangement of the aforementioned type.
  • This gas engine is preferably an Otto engine operated engine with at least one Hubkolben- / cylinder assembly. But most of them are multi-cylinder internal combustion engines.
  • FIG. 4 shows a simplified example of a laser spark plug according to FIG. 3, FIG.
  • Fig. 5 shows the temperature profile in the operating state in the laser spark plug of Fig. 3 and
  • Fig. 6 shows a last example of a laser spark plug.
  • a laser spark plug according to the prior art is shown schematically.
  • This comprises a spark plug housing 1, which extends along the longitudinal axis of the laser spark plug a.
  • the coupling optics 10 also called combustion chamber window - arranged.
  • the coupling optics 10 is responsible for coupling the laser light generated by a laser light generating device 2 into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the laser light generating device 2 is here in the form of a monolithic solid-state laser (laser crystal) and is fed by a pump light source, not shown.
  • a connection piece 15 for the introduction of the pumping light.
  • the coupling optics 10 is supported by the mounting area 7, i. surrounded by the external thread.
  • a screw neck 5 in the form of a hexagon is further provided, which attaches or loosens the laser spark plug with a tool for screwing such as e.g. allows an open-end wrench.
  • the laser spark plug comprises a spark plug housing 1 which extends along the longitudinal axis a and in which a Laser light generating device 2 is arranged.
  • the laser spark plug has along the longitudinal axis a a combustion-chamber-side end which extends into the combustion chamber 30 of an internal combustion engine when installed, and a connector-side end (not shown in detail in the image above; ), which serves to connect a pumping light source, on.
  • the coupling optics 10 is arranged, which is held positively in the spark plug housing 1.
  • a laser light generating device 2 which is designed as a monolithic solid-state laser (laser crystal).
  • the laser light generating device 2 generates laser light whose beam path 3 is shown.
  • the laser light is expanded in optical elements 4, so that a larger beam diameter is formed.
  • a focusing lens 8 focuses the laser light towards the coupling optics 10, which allows the light emission from the laser spark plug, and finally to the focal point 1 1 in the combustion chamber 30, where in the operating state of the spark is generated.
  • the spark plug housing 1 has a fastening region 7 in the form of an external thread, with which a detachable fastening is produced via the fixing region 7a to the cylinder head 17.
  • the fixing region 7a is designed as an internal thread 7a corresponding to the external thread 7.
  • a projection 31 in which the coupling optics 10 is arranged extends.
  • the coupling optics 10 is arranged in the projection 31, which adjoins the threaded region 7 on the combustion chamber side.
  • the projection 31 in this case has a frustoconical first region in which the spark plug housing rests tightly against the cylinder head 15 in a gate 9a.
  • At the truncated cone-shaped area still includes a circular cylindrical portion 16, in which the coupling optics 10 is held positively.
  • a sealing element 6 is arranged, which is designed as a soft elastic heat-dissipating bearing ring and rests against a flat sealing seat. It can clearly be seen that the outer diameter D2 in the threaded region 7 is greater than the maximum outer diameter D1 in the region of the projection 31 in the coupling-in optical system 10.
  • a cooling channel 8 surrounds both the threaded portion 7 and the projection 31 and dissipates heat via a cooling fluid (such as cooling water).
  • the receiving area in the cylinder head 17 for the laser spark plug is designed so that the laser spark plug can be introduced such that the combustion chamber-side end of the projection 31 is substantially flush with the wall of the combustion chamber 30.
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment which differs from the embodiment of Fig. 2 in the shape of the projection 31 and the sealing elements 9b.
  • the projection 16 is namely formed circular cylindrical over the entire length 16 wherein the outer diameter D1 is again significantly smaller than the outer diameter D2 in the threaded portion 7.
  • the tight-fitting truncated cone portion for heat dissipation is next to the sealing element 6 along the longitudinal axis a of the laser spark plug towards the combustion chamber 30 arranged a sealing element 9b even after the attachment area.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment which differs from the embodiment of Fig. 3 in that no optical elements 4 are provided for expanding the laser beam diameter
  • FIG. 5 shows determined temperature values along the laser spark plug according to FIG. 3 in ° C.
  • high temperatures of about 200 ° C can by the inventive shape of the laser spark plug and the provision of sealing elements 6, 9b, which have a higher thermal conductivity than the spark plug housing 1, quickly and efficiently heat in Direction laser light generating device 2 (not shown here) are discharged. This prevents the laser light generating device 2 from premature wear.
  • FIG. 6 additionally shows a structure in which a separate spark plug receptacle consisting of an inner housing 19 and an outer housing 20 is provided. Between inner housing 19 and outer housing 20, a fluid can be introduced, which cools the laser spark plug with a cooling device. By means of a heater, however, the laser spark plug could also be heated, for example during commissioning, to get to operating temperature more quickly.
  • this example has one Prechamber 22 in which a fuel / air mixture is ignited, this ignited mixture then passes into the actual combustion chamber 30 and there causes the combustion of the fuel / air mixture.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Bougie d'allumage par laser comportant un dispositif de génération de lumière laser (2) et un culot de bougie (1) dont l'extrémité côté chambre de combustion est pourvue d'une optique d'injection (10) pour injecter de la lumière laser dans la chambre de combustion (30) d'un moteur à combustion interne, le culot de bougie (1) comportant une zone de fixation (7) pour la fixation de la bougie d'allumage par laser dans une culasse (17) de moteur à combustion interne. Selon l'invention, le culot de bougie (1) présente, à son extrémité côté chambre de combustion, une partie en saillie (31) dans laquelle est montée l'optique d'injection (10), le diamètre extérieur (D1) de la partie en saillie (31) dans la zone de l'optique d'injection (10) étant inférieur au diamètre extérieur (D2) du culot de bougie (1) dans la zone de fixation (7).
EP10770947A 2009-10-07 2010-09-27 Bougie d'allumage par laser pour moteur à combustion interne Withdrawn EP2454469A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT15792009A AT508983B1 (de) 2009-10-07 2009-10-07 Laserzündkerze für brennkraftmaschine
PCT/AT2010/000351 WO2011041807A2 (fr) 2009-10-07 2010-09-27 Bougie d'allumage par laser pour moteur à combustion interne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2454469A2 true EP2454469A2 (fr) 2012-05-23

Family

ID=43416855

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10770947A Withdrawn EP2454469A2 (fr) 2009-10-07 2010-09-27 Bougie d'allumage par laser pour moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8826876B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2454469A2 (fr)
AT (1) AT508983B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011041807A2 (fr)

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DE102009026794A1 (de) * 2009-06-05 2010-12-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laserzündeinrichtung
PL384721A1 (pl) * 2008-03-17 2009-09-28 Wiesław Olędzki Urządzenie zapłonu laserowego do silnika spalinowego w szczegółności silnika czterosuwowego, zasilanego alkoholem etylowym, metylowym oraz benzyną, naftą i benzelem(benzenem)
DE102010029347A1 (de) * 2010-05-27 2011-12-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laserinduzierte Fremdzündung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102011079017A1 (de) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Laserzündkerze
DE102011079043A1 (de) * 2011-07-13 2013-01-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laserzündkerze und Reinigungsverfahren hierfür
DE102011079507A1 (de) * 2011-07-20 2013-01-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laserzündkerze und Kühler für eine Laserzündkerze
JP5873689B2 (ja) * 2011-11-07 2016-03-01 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 レーザ点火装置
DE102011087193A1 (de) * 2011-11-28 2013-05-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gehäuse für eine Laserzündkerze
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JP6491896B2 (ja) * 2015-02-03 2019-03-27 株式会社Ｓｏｋｅｎ レーザ点火プラグ及びその製造方法
US9932956B2 (en) * 2016-02-24 2018-04-03 Denso International America, Inc. Laser ignition device
RU2648683C1 (ru) * 2017-01-10 2018-03-28 Николай Борисович Болотин Лазерная свеча зажигания
RU2652086C1 (ru) * 2017-01-10 2018-04-25 Николай Борисович Болотин Лазерная свеча зажигания
RU2652085C1 (ru) * 2017-01-16 2018-04-25 Николай Борисович Болотин Лазерная свеча зажигания
RU2647889C1 (ru) * 2017-01-16 2018-03-21 Николай Борисович Болотин Лазерная свеча зажигания
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RU2647891C1 (ru) * 2017-01-23 2018-03-21 Николай Борисович Болотин Лазерная свеча зажигания
US11519378B2 (en) * 2020-05-19 2022-12-06 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Internal combustion engine with laser-assisted, compression ignition

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT508983B1 (de) 2012-12-15
US8826876B2 (en) 2014-09-09
WO2011041807A3 (fr) 2011-06-23
WO2011041807A2 (fr) 2011-04-14
US20120210969A1 (en) 2012-08-23
AT508983A1 (de) 2011-05-15

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