EP2452783B1 - Schlagwerkskörper, Schlagwerk und Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einem Schlagwerk - Google Patents

Schlagwerkskörper, Schlagwerk und Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einem Schlagwerk Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2452783B1
EP2452783B1 EP11185034.3A EP11185034A EP2452783B1 EP 2452783 B1 EP2452783 B1 EP 2452783B1 EP 11185034 A EP11185034 A EP 11185034A EP 2452783 B1 EP2452783 B1 EP 2452783B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
striking mechanism
mechanism body
steel
percussion
joint
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11185034.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2452783A1 (de
Inventor
Horst Stroissnigg
Udo Hauptmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2452783A1 publication Critical patent/EP2452783A1/de
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Publication of EP2452783B1 publication Critical patent/EP2452783B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/06—Hammer pistons; Anvils ; Guide-sleeves for pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D2217/0011—Details of anvils, guide-sleeves or pistons
    • B25D2217/0023—Pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
    • B25D2222/06—Composite materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
    • B25D2222/21—Metals
    • B25D2222/42—Steel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a percussion body according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a percussion body is made JP 2006 123025 A known.
  • the invention relates to a percussion body, in particular a racket and / or striker (striker), an impact mechanism on a hand tool, with a side surface and a stop surface, by means of a pulse to a pulse-receiving part is transferable, wherein at least a first the stop surface and / or the percussion body part having the side surface is formed of a first material and an adjacent, preferably adjoining, second percussion body part is formed of a second material and wherein the first material is made more resistant than the second material in at least one material condition.
  • the invention also relates to a striking mechanism with a drive which accelerates, directly or indirectly, acts on at least one movable percussion body with a side surface and a stop surface, wherein a pulse of the percussion body is transferable to a pulse-receiving part.
  • the invention also relates to a hand tool.
  • a portable power tool such as a percussion drill, a chisel or a hammer drill has a percussion mechanism capable of imparting a pulse impulse to a tool in the portable power tool at a suitable repetition rate.
  • the above-mentioned percussion on a drive which accelerates - directly or indirectly - acts on a movable percussion body such as a racket or firing pin.
  • the drive of the percussion mechanism can be formed, for example, with an eccentric wheel mounted on a drive bearing, which causes a piston to move in a stroke, which then pneumatically, for example, pneumatically drives the striker to a reciprocating motion and in turn drives it stimulates the firing pin.
  • a pulse pulse is thus transmitted from the directly driven racket of the percussion first to the firing pin and then from the firing pin to the tool shank of the tool.
  • the percussion body has a side surface and a stop surface. Regularly, the pulse impulse of the impactor body is transmitted to the abutment surface on a pulse-receiving part.
  • the impulse receiving member may be a tool of the power tool, for example, a drill or a bit, which receives the impulse shock on a top surface of a tool.
  • Impulse transmitting stop surfaces are mainly used for impulse transmission between percussion bodies within the percussion, so for example between a racket and a firing pin.
  • Schlagtechnik parts of the percussion have to withstand relatively high loads, in particular on a stop surface and / or side surface.
  • a percussion body of an insert or tempering steel which is heat treated, for example, as a whole by case hardening, tempering or otherwise and as such in one piece over the entire percussion body reaching identical properties, in particular also on the abutment surface and side surface has identical properties. It has been found that a percussion body is exposed to different stresses in different areas, which make different demands on the material of the percussion body. The requirements are all the more serious with increasing energy density in a striking mechanism, ie with increasing ratio of energy input to component size of a percussion body. For example, in JP 101 69 358 A tries to increase the energy density in a striking mechanism by increasing the specific gravity of a percussion body.
  • the invention begins, whose object is to provide a percussion body, in which a resistance is given in an improved manner.
  • the resistance of a percussion body to be improved in particularly stressed areas such as stop and / or side surfaces.
  • a resistance to be improved without a percussion body is disadvantageously composed or adversely limited in its mass design and expansion.
  • the object of the invention is also to provide a corresponding striking mechanism with at least one percussion body, in particular rackets and striker.
  • the object of the invention is also to provide an improved hand tool.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a percussion body with the features of claim 1.
  • a percussion body of the type mentioned is provided in accordance with the invention that the percussion body is formed as a one-piece steel body.
  • first material and the second material are materially equal and the first material of the first percussion body part has a different heat treatment than the second material of the second percussion body part.
  • the first material can be given a higher resistance in at least one material composition than the second material.
  • the first striking mechanism body part comprises the stop surface and / or the side surface of the hammer body.
  • a stop surface and a side surface of a percussion body have proven to be particularly stressed areas of the percussion body.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that at the impulse-transmitting contact zones between percussion body and impulsaufumbledem part - ie, for example, on a stop surface between the racket and firing pin or on a stop surface between the firing pin and tool - a particularly high impact load is present.
  • the impact stress causes a shock wear and on the other hand carries the danger of surface fatigue, the so-called "pitting".
  • the invention has recognized that the first percussion body part-in particular at least the abutment surface and / or the side surface-is formed as required with the first material resistant in at least one material condition.
  • This measure is partially made only on the first percussion body part, while a second percussion body part is designed differently, in particular without the said measure.
  • the concept of the invention furthermore makes it possible to impart a comparatively high resistance to the second striking-mechanism body part by integrally forming the percussion body as a preshaped one-piece steel body.
  • the first percussion body part has a different heat treatment than the second percussion body part.
  • the first impactor body part has a higher-value heat treatment and the second impact body has a comparatively lower-grade heat treatment.
  • Higher and lower values are to be understood with regard to at least one material quality which increases the resistance, such as hardness or toughness. It has also proven to be advantageous to design a second striking mechanism body part less resistant, for example, to design it comparatively elastically or for oscillating stresses.
  • the concept of the invention results in the percussion body of identical materials with different heat treatments in one piece as a steel body available. Partially provided for particularly stressed areas of the percussion body a particularly resistant material, as provided with a particularly advantageous heat treatment material.
  • the concept of the invention also leads to a striking mechanism according to claim 14, in particular to a percussion mechanism, in which a racket and / or a firing pin is designed as a percussion body of the aforementioned type.
  • the concept of the invention also leads to a hand tool according to claim 15 with an aforementioned striking mechanism.
  • the material composition is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of: density, modulus of elasticity, toughness, wear resistance, strength.
  • the stop surface it has proved to be particularly advantageous to provide the first material, in particular wear-resistant, impact-resistant and with a comparatively low modulus of elasticity.
  • the first material has a comparatively high wear resistance, a high toughness and / or a comparatively low modulus of elasticity.
  • the second material of the second impact-mechanism body part it has proved to be advantageous for the second material of the second impact-mechanism body part to have a comparatively high density and a comparatively high strength, in particular duration-alternating strength.
  • the other heat treatment of the first percussion body part Tempering and / or carburizing is.
  • nitriding or nitrocarbonating are also possible.
  • other diffusion-based heat treatments in which C or Ni or other alloy constituents diffuse Possible combinations are also possible.
  • the type of heat treatment and the selection of the area of the first striking mechanism body part for a partial heat treatment and / or the second percussion body part can be made appropriately and as needed on the percussion body.
  • the one-piece steel body may have at least two different first percussion body parts, which have the other heat treatment.
  • two different first percussion body parts may be provided which have different heat treatments.
  • a first striking mechanism body part it has proved to be advantageous for a first striking mechanism body part to comprise the front-side and another first striking mechanism body part the rear abutment surface of a percussion body and in each case be provided with a carburizing heat treatment.
  • interposed first impactor body part is advantageously provided with a tempering heat treatment. This can be used to form a particularly permanent change-resistant side surface of the percussion body.
  • the first percussion body part can have a comparatively low modulus of elasticity with comparatively high impact resistance and wear resistance.
  • the second striking mechanism body part can have a comparatively high density with a comparatively high permanent change strength.
  • a particularly preferred treatment leads to a comparatively wear-resistant, impact-resistant and low-elastic stop surface and / or to a side face of the percussion body which is particularly resistant to permanent change.
  • a tempered steel is generally characterized by a comparatively high toughness at a given tensile strength. It has a high resistance to breakage, a high static and dynamic load capacity and good hardenability.
  • Typical representatives are listed in DIN EN 10083. Typical typical representatives are those with a higher content on alloying elements, in particular also a higher content of carbon C such as, for example, tempered steels 36 NiCrNo 16 or 51 CrV6.
  • a tool steel for example, a martensite tool steel with a C content above 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.8% or 1% may be provided.
  • steels which are suitable for working and processing materials, as described, for example, in DIN 17350; expanded to include steels for plastics processing and powder-metallurgically produced tool steels.
  • a martensite with a comparatively high C content between 0.6% and 1.6% is related in a first modification - this has a particularly high hardness. Martensite has also proved to be advantageous with special carbides having a C content between 1% and 2% and with up to 12% Cr and alloying elements such as W, Mo, V.
  • Particularly heat-resistant and temperature-resistant Martensite can also secondary carbide with having a C content between 0.3% to 0.4%, and up to 5% Cr and alloying elements Mo, V.
  • a particularly hard martensite with good wear resistance has primary carbides and secondary carbide precipitates of 0.8% to 2% C content and up to 18% (W + 2xMo) alloying constituent and up to 4% V and up to 10% Co alloying constituent.
  • Case hardening steels as non-alloyed and low-alloyed steels with a maximum carbon content of 0.2% can also prove advantageous if required.
  • low-carbon case-hardening steels can be set-hardened in a carbon-containing atmosphere and annealed, annealed or carburized to temperatures between 880 ° C and 1050 ° C.
  • a carbon content in the surface layer up to about 0.8%, even with case-hardened steels, so that the hardening on the surface of the percussion body and / or percussion body part is more effective than in the interior.
  • case hardening, annealing or carburizing, as a heat treatment a first percussion body part having a high toughness and significantly higher hardness on the surface and thus high resistance to wear is provided.
  • a material in the form of high-carbon steel in particular as manganese high-carbon steel, can be used.
  • a material in the form of high-carbon steel in particular as manganese high-carbon steel
  • manganese contents between 11% to 19% may be provided for manganese steel.
  • These have an initial hardness of approximately 200 HB on.
  • heat treatment and load 450 - 600 HB, optionally 650 HB can be reached during operation.
  • Such a so-called austenitic austenitic manganese high-carbon steel with high ductility and very good work hardening ability obtains its good properties by combining the work hardening capacity with ductility.
  • Hardening occurs whenever manganese high carbon steel is subjected to mechanical stress, eg, by impact or impact, which partially converts the austenite in the surface zone to martensite. In the present case, increases in hardness from 200 to more than 550 HB are possible. Thus, the hardness, in particular of the first percussion body part, increases in the course of use when this is claimed, for example, on the stop surface.
  • abutment surface Since the abutment surface is also subject to wear due to friction, a surface layer of the abutment surface is constantly removed, with austenite remaining on the surface. Such austenite is in turn converted by renewed mechanical stress.
  • the alloy which is below the surface zone, is very ductile, and manganese hard steels can therefore withstand high mechanical impact loads without the risk of breakage. This is true even for a comparatively small extent of the stop surface or the first percussion body part.
  • the joint connection has proved to be advantageous to form the joint connection as a steel-fitting joint connection, for example as a welded joint.
  • a friction welding connection such as a rotational friction welding, linear friction welding, single or multi-orbital friction welding is suitable.
  • a Mulitorbital friction welding connection has proven to be advantageous for welding non-weldable steels such as in particular manganese high-carbon steel of a first Schlagwerks redesignteils with a steel of the second Schlagwerks stresses welding together.
  • a cohesive joining connection can also be formed as a solder connection or as an adhesive connection.
  • At least partial mechanical joining of the first and second percussion body parts, such as by narrowing, is not excluded.
  • This is preferably suitable for further mounting a wear protection od.
  • a wear protection od Like. Especially on impact areas.
  • a racket can, for example, as described with reference to the drawing, consist of two materials and / or have three separate areas of different heat treatment.
  • a firing pin can for example consist of two materials and / or have five areas of different heat treatment.
  • FIG. 5 This shows schematically a hand tool 1000 with a percussion 100.
  • the present pneumatically trained striking mechanism 100 has a drive A shown schematically.
  • the drive A converts a rotary motion of an electric motor into a reciprocating motion of a piston 300 which acts pneumatically on the racket 10, 30 causing it to reciprocate.
  • the racket 10, 30 in turn via a in Fig. 5 unspecified stop surface his pulse to the firing pin 20, 40 of the impact mechanism 100 from.
  • the firing pin 20, 40 is also referred to as an anvil, and gives its impulse to the shaft 200 of the tool W on, which is held in an unspecified tool holder of the tool 1000.
  • FIG Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 One embodiment of racket 10 and striker 20 is shown in FIG Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 represented according to the invention.
  • a bolt-side front first percussion body part 12 or a drive-side rear first percussion body part 13 is formed which comprises a front bolt-side abutment surface 12.1 and a rear drive-side abutment surface 13.1.
  • the front and rear first percussion hammer body parts 12, 13 thus designated are carburized in the present case in the context of a partial heat treatment for the steel body 11. This results in a particularly effective hardening of the front or rear stop surface 12.1, 13.1.
  • stop surfaces 12.1, 13.1 are thus particularly impact-resistant, wear-resistant and designed with a comparatively low modulus of elasticity.
  • the first material of the so designated first percussion body parts 12, 13 formed more resistant than the remaining material of the steel body 11 in a part 12 adjacent or partially adjacent 13 second percussion body part 15.
  • the latter second percussion body part 15 is not subjected to a separate heat treatment but from the not heat-treated steel-11 tempered steel formed.
  • the tempering steel of the steel body 11 is partially heat-treated in the region of the other first percussion body part 14 by tempering.
  • there is a hardening by carbon diffusion which is not so strong as in the previously described first front and rear percussion body parts 12, 13. Rather predominates in the other first percussion body part 14 for this portion with the side surface 14.1 of the racket 10 particularly advantageous Toughness.
  • Fig. 2 shows a likewise following the concept of the first variant of the invention embodiment of a striker (striker) 20, which is formed as a one-piece steel body 21 made of tempered steel and a front, tool-side, first percussion body part 22 and a rear, racket-side, first striking mechanism body part 23 and another first percussion body part 24 has.
  • the first front and rear impactor body parts 22, 23 thus designated each include front and rear abutment surfaces 22.1 and 23.1 and are carburized as part of a partial heat treatment to impart a particular hardness to the front and rear abutment surfaces 22.1, 23.1.
  • the first one Impact body part 24 is annealed in the context of a further partial heat treatment and gives this percussion body part 24 and the side surface 24.1 a comparatively high toughness.
  • the remaining areas of the steel body 21 are not heat treated as the second percussion body parts 25.1 and 25.2 and have the usual high quality properties of a tempering steel.
  • only the first percussion hammer body parts 12, 13, 22, 23 and 14, 24 are carburized or tempered for the racket 10 and the firing pin 20 in the context of a partial heat treatment, which actually must have a higher strength or toughness, namely due to the abutment surfaces 12.1, 13.1, 22.1 and 23.1 or side surfaces 14.1, 24.1.
  • the less stressed areas of a second percussion body part 15, 25.1. 25.2 manage without additional resistance-increasing heat treatment.
  • the other first percussion body part 14 and 24 on the racket 10 and the firing pin 20 with a number of grooves 16, 26 is provided, as needed for inserting a sealing ring or for guiding sound pressure amplitudes in a guide chamber 50 for the Racket 10, 30 and the firing pin 20, 40 serve.
  • the side surfaces 14.1, 24.1, which are waisted in cross-section through grooves 16, 26, have diameter transitions and are thus subjected to increased requirements for the duration of change in resistance.
  • the present increased toughness of the other first Schlagtechniks redesignmaschine 14, 24 avoids fatigue fractures due to the increased requirements. These are mainly due to notch effects on the mentioned diameter transitions of the grooves 16, 26.
  • the first percussion body parts 12, 13, 22, 23 are carburized as part of a partial heat treatment and the other percussion body parts 14, 24 tempered.
  • the steel body 11, 21 of the racket 10 and the firing pin 20 may consist of a case-hardening steel.
  • the other first percussion body parts 14, 24 -at least, however, the grooves 16, 26- which are exposed to an increased notch effect, are to a lesser extent carburized, but at least partially strengthened.
  • Nitriding or nitrocarbonating be used for at least the first striking body parts 12, 13, 22, 23 or to a lesser extent for the other first percussion body parts 14, 24. This can be achieved for the former, above all, an increased hardness and for the latter especially an increased toughness. Also, other surface finishing methods such as shot peening, plating, deep rolling or the like for further partial influencing, in particular the aforementioned first percussion body parts 12, 13, 22, 24 possible.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 Illustratively illustrate a racket 30 and a firing pin 40.
  • the percussion body parts 32, 35 are made of different materials.
  • firing pin 40 Schlagwerks 1969 42, 43 on the one hand and 44 on the other hand made of different materials.
  • a first striking mechanism body part 32 and a second striking mechanism body part 35 are joined to one another at a steel-fitting joint 37.
  • the steel-locking joint connection 37, 47 is presently formed by a multi-orbital friction-welded connection.
  • the multi-orbital friction welding at the joining connections 37, 47 also permits the steel-locking joining of a manganese high-carbon steel as the first material of the first percussion body part 32 or 42, 43 and a case-hardening steel as second material of the second percussion body part 35, 44.
  • a first impactor body part 32, 42, 43 is made with a first material in the form of manganese-hard steel and thus has a particularly preferred combination of work hardening capacity and ductility. This results in the first Schlagwerks redesigner 32, 42, 43 of the racket 30 and the firing pin 40, a superior strength and wear resistance coupled with a high degree of ductility, which is particularly useful for training particularly wear-resistant and impact resistant stop surfaces 32.1, 42.1 and 43.1 ,
  • a second striking mechanism body part 35, 44 in the racket 30 or firing pin 40 is in the present case formed from a case-hardening steel.
  • a racket 30 according to the Fig. 3 a still comparatively permanent change second impactor body part 35 with high density.
  • a racket 30 has a first striking mechanism body part 32 which is impact-resistant and wear-resistant with a comparatively low modulus of elasticity. This is analogous for the first Schlagwerks redesignmaschine 42, 43 and for the second Schlagtechniks redesignteil 44 of the firing pin 40 of Fig. 4 to.

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EP11185034.3A 2010-11-12 2011-10-13 Schlagwerkskörper, Schlagwerk und Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einem Schlagwerk Active EP2452783B1 (de)

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DE102010043837A DE102010043837A1 (de) 2010-11-12 2010-11-12 Schlagwerkskörper, Schlagwerk und Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einem Schlagwerk

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EP2452783A1 EP2452783A1 (de) 2012-05-16
EP2452783B1 true EP2452783B1 (de) 2016-04-06

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US (1) US10201893B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2452783B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102528761B (zh)
DE (1) DE102010043837A1 (zh)

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US20120118597A1 (en) 2012-05-17
CN102528761B (zh) 2015-11-18
DE102010043837A1 (de) 2012-05-16
EP2452783A1 (de) 2012-05-16
CN102528761A (zh) 2012-07-04
US10201893B2 (en) 2019-02-12

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