EP2444553A1 - Ramming and traction device - Google Patents

Ramming and traction device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2444553A1
EP2444553A1 EP10013794A EP10013794A EP2444553A1 EP 2444553 A1 EP2444553 A1 EP 2444553A1 EP 10013794 A EP10013794 A EP 10013794A EP 10013794 A EP10013794 A EP 10013794A EP 2444553 A1 EP2444553 A1 EP 2444553A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rocker
guide element
pivot axis
elastic
cable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10013794A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2444553B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Heichel
Albrecht Kleibl
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ABI Anlagentechnik Baumaschinen Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH
Original Assignee
ABI Anlagentechnik Baumaschinen Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH
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Application filed by ABI Anlagentechnik Baumaschinen Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH filed Critical ABI Anlagentechnik Baumaschinen Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH
Priority to EP10013794A priority Critical patent/EP2444553B1/en
Priority to US13/247,077 priority patent/US20120099931A1/en
Publication of EP2444553A1 publication Critical patent/EP2444553A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2444553B1 publication Critical patent/EP2444553B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D11/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for both placing and removing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, or mould-pipes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers
    • E02D7/14—Components for drivers inasmuch as not specially for a specific driver construction
    • E02D7/16—Scaffolds or supports for drivers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/18—Placing by vibrating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for ramming and / or pulling sheet piles u.ä. into and out of the ground, comprising a leader on which an excitation cell is guided, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • vibration generators For ramming in or pulling out of the bottom of sheet piles or the like are vibration generators, so-called excitation cells used, which are attached to the lifting of a leader of a construction machine and on which a collet is provided to which the sheet pile is fastened.
  • excitation cells used
  • the exciter cell is usually arranged in a hood, which is connected to a device carriage which is connected to the lifting carriage of the leader.
  • the lifting carriage of the leader is coupled to a feed system via traction cables and load ropes.
  • the load cables are arranged on the side of the lifting carriage facing the ground, so that a tensile force acting on the load rope acts in the direction of the ground, that is to say as a load.
  • Such arrangements have basically proven to be introduced into or pulled from the bottom of sheet piles.
  • considerable friction losses as well as preload force losses, caused by tilting and jamming of the guides, result in the guidance of the excitation cell in the hood and the guidance of the lifting carriage on the leader. Furthermore, this causes a high degree of wear.
  • the invention aims to remedy this situation.
  • the invention is based on the object, a device for ramming and / or pulling sheet piles u.ä. into and out of the ground, comprising a broker on which an exciter cell is guided, in which such frictional and bias losses are reduced. According to the invention, this object is solved by the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1.
  • a device for ramming and / or pulling sheet piles u.ä. into and out of the ground comprising a broker on which an exciter cell is guided, in which such friction and bias losses are reduced. Due to the rigid connection between excitation cell and the at least one guide element, which is guided exclusively on the leader, bias losses due to vibration and friction are largely eliminated.
  • the vibrations thus transmitted directly to the broker are decoupled via the elastic connection between the feed system and the at least one guide.
  • the term "elastic" compound in the present case is to be understood as meaning a compound which has a significantly higher elasticity than the direct coupling known in the prior art via steel cables, since these transmit the vibrations transmitted to the broker, thereby damaging the broker or the feed system would cause.
  • the coupling of the at least one guide element to the feed system takes place via at least one cable, which is designed to be elastic. Due to the elasticity of the rope, decoupling of the vibrations applied via the at least one guide element to the leader is effected.
  • the at least one rope made of high-strength plastic fibers, preferably polyethylene fibers made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or made of glass fibers. Such ropes are characterized by the fact that they have a high elasticity and low weight.
  • rope below all rope-like elongated, flexible elements for the transmission of tensile forces, such as chains to subsume.
  • the at least one spring module may be formed as a spring assembly of cylindrical coil springs, disc spring, gas springs, torsion bars and / or torsion springs.
  • the at least one spring module is formed from at least one rocker, which is connected via an axis pivotally connected to the at least one guide element, wherein at least one rocker spaced from the pivot axis, a first clamping receptacle and spaced from the rocker a second clamping receptacle for an elastic element, preferably an elastic loop, is arranged and wherein at least one cable is fastened on the opposite side of the pivot axis on the rocker.
  • the elastic element preferably the elastic loop, takes over the decoupling of the vibrations applied to the leader via the at least one guide element.
  • an additional assurance is effected by the fact that even with a failure of the elastic element or the elastic loop, the at least one guide element is further connected via the at least one rocker with the at least one pull rope.
  • a rocker with at least one pull rope and a rocker is connected to at least one Auflastseil and wherein the one of each rocker associated elastic element, which is preferably designed as an elastic loop, is arranged on the pivot axis of the at least one guide element connected to the opposite rocker.
  • the biasing force for train and pressure by the use of different loops is separately adjustable.
  • a linear spring characteristic is achieved, which allows a good decoupling.
  • the pivot axis of the first rocker is arranged horizontally offset from the pivot axis of the second rocker.
  • the elastic elements are designed as elastic loops, which are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic material. This material is characterized by good elastic properties.
  • the fibers are very durable and have a high resistance to abrasion, moisture and UV radiation.
  • the at least one guide element is arranged on a carriage which is rigidly connected to the exciter cell.
  • the carriage preferably has a length which projects beyond the excitation cell in its length.
  • the selected as an embodiment of apparatus for ramming and / or pulling sheet piles in or out of the ground consists essentially of a arranged on a construction machine leader 7, with a carriage 2, which is slidably mounted on a Switzerland Knekler arrangement 71.
  • an excitation cell 1 is fixed, on the bottom side, a collet 11 is arranged for receiving a sheet pile.
  • the carriage 2 is connected to the feed system of the leader 7 via two tension cables 3 fastened on both sides of the carriage 2 and two loading cables 4 arranged on both sides on the carriage 2.
  • the leadership of the ropes 3, 4 and their connection to the feed system for example, from DE 43 12 368 A1 known and therefore need not be further described at this point.
  • Such vibration generator are known in the art in various designs.
  • the excitation cell 1 has a largely cuboid housing, which is arranged between two parallel side cheeks 20 of the carriage 2 and is connected to these side cheeks 20 via screw connections.
  • two guide rails 21 are arranged at a distance from one another on the carriage 2, by means of which the carriage 2 is displaceably mounted on the broker 7.
  • Laterally projecting plates 22 are attached to the guide rails 21.
  • the sheets 22 are arranged such that the sheets 22 of the upper guide rail 21 in the direction of the leader 7 and the sheets 22 of the lower, the ground-facing guide rail 21 protrude in the direction of the exciter cell 1.
  • an axis 221 for fixing a traction cable 3 and a Auflastseils 4 is arranged on the sheets 22 in each case.
  • the traction cables 3 engage the axes 221 of the sheets 22 of the lower guide rail 21
  • the load cables 4 are connected to the axes 221 of the sheets 22 of the upper guide rail 21.
  • the traction cables 3 and the Auflastseile 4 spring assemblies 5 are integrated, which in FIG. 1 simplified as cylindrical coil springs are shown. Traction cables 3 and load cables 4 are connected via eyelets 31, 41 with the axes 221 of the plates 22.
  • a hydraulic block 6 for connection of - arranged hydraulic lines - not shown is connected via resilient elements to the carriage 2, so that a transmission of vibrations to the connected hydraulic lines is minimized.
  • the resilient elements are formed by elastomer blocks 61.
  • FIG. 2 In the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is on the upper guide rail 21 on both sides in each case a rocker 23 pivotally connected via a pivot axis 231 with the guide rail 21.
  • the force application points of the cables 3, 4 and the pull / Auflastschlaufe 233 offset from the pivot axis 231 of the rocker 23 are arranged.
  • Traction cable 3 and Auflastseil 4 are mounted on a common vertical axis on the rocker 23.
  • Spaced to the pivot axis 231 is on the rocker 23 a clamping axis 232 for receiving a pull / load loop 233 is arranged.
  • the tensile / loading loop 233 is stretched between the clamping axis 232 and a second, arranged on the lower guide rail 21 clamping axis 24.
  • the spring module of the arrangement according to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 works as follows: If a tensile force is applied to the traction cable 3, the rocker 23 pivots about the axis 231, whereby the clamping axis 232 describes a circular arc in the clockwise direction. As a result, the tension / Auflast loop 233 is tensioned, whereby the desired decoupling is achieved. To apply a surcharge on the excitation cell 1, a tensile force is applied to the Auflastseil 4, whereby the rocker 23 is pivoted about the pivot axis 231 in the counterclockwise direction.
  • the clamping axis 232 describes a circular arc in the counterclockwise direction, which in turn the tension / Auflast loop 233 is tensioned, whereby the decoupling is effected.
  • Both a rocker 25, 26 are pivotally mounted on both sides of the upper guide rail 21 and on the lower guide rail 21 on both sides.
  • a rocker 25, 26 on the upper guide rail 21 on both sides of a pull rocker 25 so eccentrically mounted on the guide rail 21 via a pivot axis 251 that it projects in the direction of the exciter cell 1.
  • a Auflastwippe 26 via an eccentrically arranged pivot axis 261 pivotally connected to the guide rail 21, wherein the Auflastwippe 26 is arranged cantilevered in the direction of Switzerland cartiklers 7.
  • clamping shafts 252, 262 are arranged on the rockers 25, 26.
  • the clamping axes 252, 262 are positioned so that they are positioned in the horizontal orientation of the rockers 25, 26 respectively opposite to the pivot axes 251, 261 of the opposite rockers 25, 26.
  • a load-loop 263 stretched and between the pivot axis 261 of the Auflastwippe 26 and the clamping axis 252 of the pull rocker 25 is stretched an elastic pull loop 253.
  • pull-loop 253 and load-on loop 263 are made of glass-fiber-reinforced plastic material.
  • these loops can also be made of high-strength plastic fibers, for example ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene.
  • the biasing force for "ramming" and “pulling” can be set separately by separately dimensioning the pull loop 253 and the load bend 263. Also in this embodiment, in the case of failure of the pull loop 253 and / or Auflastschlaufe 263 of the carriage 2 is still connected via pull-rocker 25 to the pull cable 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The device has an exciter cell (1) guided at a guide pole (7) and coupled to an advancing system of the guide pole. The exciter cell is linearly movable by the advancing system. The exciter cell is rigidly connected with guide rails (21). The guide rails are guided at the guide pole and elastically connected with the advancing system by ropes (3, 4). A spring module is designed as a spring package (5) including cylindrical helical springs, disk springs, gas pressure springs, torsion springs and/or flexible springs. An elastic loop is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic material. The ropes are made of glass fibers.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Rammen und/oder Ziehen von Spundbohlen u.ä. in den bzw. aus dem Boden, umfassend einen Mäkler, an dem eine Erregerzelle geführt ist, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for ramming and / or pulling sheet piles u.ä. into and out of the ground, comprising a leader on which an excitation cell is guided, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Zum Rammen in beziehungsweise Ziehen aus dem Boden von Spundbohlen oder ähnlichem kommen Schwingungserzeuger, sogenannte Erregerzellen zum Einsatz, die an dem Hubschlitten eines Mäklers einer Baumaschine befestigt sind und an denen eine Spannzange vorgesehen ist, an der die Spundbohle befestigbar ist. Eine derartige Anordnung ist beispielsweise aus der DE 43 12 368 A1 bekannt. Dabei ist die Erregerzelle üblicherweise in einer Haube angeordnet, welche mit einem Geräteschlitten verbunden ist, der mit dem Hubschlitten des Mäklers verbunden ist. Der Hubschlitten des Mäklers ist über Zugseile sowie Auflastseile mit einem Vorschubsystem gekoppelt. Dabei sind die Auflastseile an der dem Boden zugewandten Seite des Hubschlittens angeordnet, so dass eine auf das Auflastseil wirkende Zugkraft in Richtung des Bodens, also als Auflast wirkt. Derartige Anordnungen haben sich zum Einbringen in beziehungsweise Ziehen aus dem Boden von Spundbohlen grundsätzlich bewährt. Jedoch ergeben sich an der Führung der Erregerzelle in der Haube sowie der Führung des Hubschlittens am Mäkler erhebliche Reibungsverluste sowie Vorspannkraftverluste, verursacht durch Verkannten und Verklemmen der Führungen. Weiterhin ist hierdurch ein hoher Verschleiß bewirkt.For ramming in or pulling out of the bottom of sheet piles or the like are vibration generators, so-called excitation cells used, which are attached to the lifting of a leader of a construction machine and on which a collet is provided to which the sheet pile is fastened. Such an arrangement is for example from the DE 43 12 368 A1 known. In this case, the exciter cell is usually arranged in a hood, which is connected to a device carriage which is connected to the lifting carriage of the leader. The lifting carriage of the leader is coupled to a feed system via traction cables and load ropes. In this case, the load cables are arranged on the side of the lifting carriage facing the ground, so that a tensile force acting on the load rope acts in the direction of the ground, that is to say as a load. Such arrangements have basically proven to be introduced into or pulled from the bottom of sheet piles. However, considerable friction losses as well as preload force losses, caused by tilting and jamming of the guides, result in the guidance of the excitation cell in the hood and the guidance of the lifting carriage on the leader. Furthermore, this causes a high degree of wear.

Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Rammen und/oder Ziehen von Spundbohlen u.ä. in den bzw. aus dem Boden, umfassend einen Mäkler, an dem eine Erregerzelle geführt ist, zu schaffen bei der derartige Reibungs- und Vorspannungsverluste verringert sind. Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.The invention aims to remedy this situation. The invention is based on the object, a device for ramming and / or pulling sheet piles u.ä. into and out of the ground, comprising a broker on which an exciter cell is guided, in which such frictional and bias losses are reduced. According to the invention, this object is solved by the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Mit der Erfindung ist eine Vorrichtung zum Rammen und/oder Ziehen von Spundbohlen u.ä. in den bzw. aus dem Boden, umfassend einen Mäkler, an dem eine Erregerzelle geführt ist, geschaffen, bei der derartige Reibungs- und Vorspannungsverluste verringert sind. Durch die starre Verbindung zwischen Erregerzelle und dem wenigstens einen Führungselement, das ausschließlich an dem Mäkler geführt ist, sind Vorspannungsverluste durch Vibration und Reibung weitgehend eliminiert. Die hierdurch nunmehr direkt auf den Mäkler übertragenen Schwingungen werden über die elastische Verbindung zwischen Vorschubsystem und der wenigstens einen Führung entkoppelt. Dabei ist unter dem Begriff der "elastischen" Verbindung vorliegend eine Verbindung zu verstehen, die eine deutlich höhere Elastizität aufweist, als die im Stand der Technik bekannte direkte Kopplung über Stahlseile, da diese die auf den Mäkler übertragenen Schwingungen übertragen und dabei Beschädigungen an dem Mäkler bzw. dem Vorschubsystem verursachen würden.With the invention, a device for ramming and / or pulling sheet piles u.ä. into and out of the ground, comprising a broker on which an exciter cell is guided, in which such friction and bias losses are reduced. Due to the rigid connection between excitation cell and the at least one guide element, which is guided exclusively on the leader, bias losses due to vibration and friction are largely eliminated. The vibrations thus transmitted directly to the broker are decoupled via the elastic connection between the feed system and the at least one guide. In this case, the term "elastic" compound in the present case is to be understood as meaning a compound which has a significantly higher elasticity than the direct coupling known in the prior art via steel cables, since these transmit the vibrations transmitted to the broker, thereby damaging the broker or the feed system would cause.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung erfolgt die Ankopplung des wenigstens einen Führungselements an das Vorschubsystem über wenigstens ein Seil, das elastisch ausgebildet ist. Durch die Elastizität des Seils ist eine Entkopplung der über das wenigstens eine Führungselement auf den Mäkler aufgegebenen Schwingungen bewirkt. Vorteilhaft ist das wenigstens eine Seil aus hochfesten Kunststofffasern, vorzugsweise Polyethylenfasern aus ultrahochkristallinem molekularen Polyethylen oder aus Glasfasern hergestellt. Derartige Seile zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass Sie eine hohe Elastizität bei gleichzeitig geringem Gewicht aufweisen.In a development of the invention, the coupling of the at least one guide element to the feed system takes place via at least one cable, which is designed to be elastic. Due to the elasticity of the rope, decoupling of the vibrations applied via the at least one guide element to the leader is effected. Advantageously, the at least one rope made of high-strength plastic fibers, preferably polyethylene fibers made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or made of glass fibers. Such ropes are characterized by the fact that they have a high elasticity and low weight.

Unter dem Begriff "Seil" sind nachfolgend alle seilähnliche längliche, flexible Elemente zur Übertragung von Zugkräften, wie beispielsweise auch Ketten, zu subsumieren. Dabei wird ein Seil, dessen Zugkraft in Richtung des Bodens wirkt als "Auflastseil" und ein Seil, dessen Zugkraft dem Boden entgegen wirkt als "Zugseil" bezeichnet.The term "rope" below all rope-like elongated, flexible elements for the transmission of tensile forces, such as chains to subsume. In this case, a rope whose tensile force acts in the direction of the ground as a "load rope" and a rope whose traction counteracts the ground referred to as "pull rope".

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung erfolgt die Ankopplung des wenigstens einen Führungselements an das Vorschubsystem über wenigstens ein Seil, wobei wenigstens ein Seil mit wenigstens einem Federmodul verbunden ist. Hierdurch ist eine Entkopplung der über das wenigstens eine Führungselement auf den Mäkler aufgegebenen Schwingungen erzielt. Dabei kann das wenigstens eine Federmodul als Federpaket aus zylindrischen Schraubenfedern, Tellerfeder, Gasdruckfedern, Drehstabfedern und/oder Biegefedern ausgebildet sein.In a further embodiment of the invention, the coupling of the at least one guide element to the feed system via at least one Rope, wherein at least one cable is connected to at least one spring module. As a result, a decoupling of the discontinued on the at least one guide member on the leader vibrations is achieved. In this case, the at least one spring module may be formed as a spring assembly of cylindrical coil springs, disc spring, gas springs, torsion bars and / or torsion springs.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das wenigstens eine Federmodul aus wenigstens einer Wippe gebildet, die über eine Achse schwenkbar mit dem wenigstens einen Führungselement verbunden ist, wobei an der wenigstens einen Wippe beabstandet zu deren Schwenkachse eine erste Spann-Aufnahme und beabstandet zur Wippe eine zweite Spann-Aufnahme für ein elastisches Element, bevorzugt eine elastische Schlaufe, angeordnet ist und wobei wenigstens ein Seil an der der Schwenkachse gegenüberliegenden Seite an der Wippe befestigt ist. Hierbei übernimmt das elastische Element, bevorzugt die elastische Schlaufe, die Entkopplung der über das wenigstens eine Führungselement auf den Mäkler aufgegebenen Schwingungen. Dabei ist eine zusätzliche Sicherung dadurch bewirkt, dass auch bei einem Versagen des elastischen Elements bzw. der elastischen Schlaufe das wenigstens eine Führungselement weiterhin über die wenigstens eine Wippe mit dem wenigstens einem Zugseil verbunden ist.In a further embodiment of the invention, the at least one spring module is formed from at least one rocker, which is connected via an axis pivotally connected to the at least one guide element, wherein at least one rocker spaced from the pivot axis, a first clamping receptacle and spaced from the rocker a second clamping receptacle for an elastic element, preferably an elastic loop, is arranged and wherein at least one cable is fastened on the opposite side of the pivot axis on the rocker. In this case, the elastic element, preferably the elastic loop, takes over the decoupling of the vibrations applied to the leader via the at least one guide element. In this case, an additional assurance is effected by the fact that even with a failure of the elastic element or the elastic loop, the at least one guide element is further connected via the at least one rocker with the at least one pull rope.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind an dem wenigstens einen Führungselement zwei derartige Wippen vertikal beabstandet zueinander und bevorzugt in entgegengesetzte Richtungen auskragend angeordnet, wobei eine Wippe mit wenigstens einem Zugseil und eine Wippe mit wenigstens einem Auflastseil verbunden ist und wobei das einer jeden Wippe zugeordnete elastische Element, das bevorzugt als elastische Schlaufe ausgebildet ist, an der Schwenkachse der mit dem wenigstens einen Führungselement verbundenen gegenüberliegenden Wippe angeordnet ist. Hierdurch ist eine Entkopplung der auf den Mäkler aufgegebenen Schwingungen durch zwei elastische Elemente bzw. elastische Schlaufen erzielt, wobei jeweils ein elastisches Element bei Beanspruchung durch das Zugseil und ein elastisches Element durch Beanspruchung durch das Auflastseil die Entkopplung bewirkt. Hierdurch ist die Belastung der elastischen Elemente vermindert, wodurch deren Standzeit erhöht ist. Darüber hinaus ist die Vorspannkraft für Zug und Druck durch den Einsatz unterschiedlicher Schlaufen getrennt einstellbar. Durch diese Anordnung wird eine lineare Federkennlinie erzielt, welche eine gute Entkopplung ermöglicht. Vorteilhaft ist die Schwenkachse der ersten Wippe horizontal versetzt zur Schwenkachse der zweiten Wippe angeordnet.In a further development of the invention at the at least one guide element two such rockers vertically spaced from each other and preferably cantilevered in opposite directions, a rocker with at least one pull rope and a rocker is connected to at least one Auflastseil and wherein the one of each rocker associated elastic element, which is preferably designed as an elastic loop, is arranged on the pivot axis of the at least one guide element connected to the opposite rocker. As a result, a decoupling of the discontinued on the leader vibrations by two elastic elements or elastic loops is achieved, each one elastic element causes under stress by the tension cable and an elastic element by stress by the Auflastseil the decoupling. This reduces the load on the elastic elements, whereby their life is increased. In addition, the biasing force for train and pressure by the use of different loops is separately adjustable. By this arrangement, a linear spring characteristic is achieved, which allows a good decoupling. Advantageously, the pivot axis of the first rocker is arranged horizontally offset from the pivot axis of the second rocker.

Vorteilhaft sind die elastischen Elemente als elastische Schlaufen ausgebildet, die aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial hergestellt sind. Dieses Material zeichnet sich durch gute elastische Eigenschaften aus. Dabei sind die Fasern sehr lange haltbar und haben eine hohe Beständigkeit gegen Abrieb, Feuchtigkeit und UV-Strahlung.Advantageously, the elastic elements are designed as elastic loops, which are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic material. This material is characterized by good elastic properties. The fibers are very durable and have a high resistance to abrasion, moisture and UV radiation.

In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das wenigstens eine Führungselement an einem Schlitten angeordnet, der mit der Erregerzelle starr verbunden ist. Dabei weist der Schlitten bevorzugt eine Länge auf, welcher die Erregerzelle in ihrer Länge überragt. Durch den Einsatz eines langen Schlittens wird die auf das wenigstens eine Führungselement einwirkende Kraft reduziert.In an embodiment of the invention, the at least one guide element is arranged on a carriage which is rigidly connected to the exciter cell. In this case, the carriage preferably has a length which projects beyond the excitation cell in its length. By using a long carriage, the force acting on the at least one guide element is reduced.

Andere Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den übrigen Unteransprüchen angegeben. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird nachfolgend im Einzelnen beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 die räumliche Darstellung der Erregerzelle mit angeordnetem Schlitten und Ankopplung an ein Vorschubsystem;
  • Figur 2 die schematische Darstellung der Erregerzelle mit angeordnetem Schlitten mit einem alternativen Federmodul;
  • Figur 3 die schematische Darstellung einer Erregerzelle mit angeordnetem Schlitten mit einem Federmodul in einer dritten Ausführungsform und
  • Figur 4 die Anordnung aus Figur 3 unter Einwirkung einer Zugkraft auf das Zugseil.
Other developments and refinements of the invention are specified in the remaining subclaims. An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and will be described in detail below. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 the spatial representation of the exciter cell with arranged carriage and coupling to a feed system;
  • FIG. 2 the schematic representation of the exciter cell with arranged carriage with an alternative spring module;
  • FIG. 3 the schematic representation of an exciter cell with arranged carriage with a spring module in a third embodiment and
  • FIG. 4 the arrangement FIG. 3 under the action of a pulling force on the pull rope.

Die als Ausführungsbeispiel gewählte Vorrichtung zum Rammen und/oder Ziehen von Spundbohlen in den bzw. aus dem Boden besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem an einer Baumaschine angeordneten Mäkler 7, mit einem Schlitten 2, der an einer Mäklerführung 71 verschiebbar angeordnet ist. An dem Schlitten 2 ist eine Erregerzelle 1 befestigt, an der bodenseitig eine Spannzange 11 zur Aufnahme einer Spundbohle angeordnet ist. Der Schlitten 2 ist über zwei beidseitig an dem Schlitten 2 befestigte Zugseile 3 sowie zwei beidseitig an dem Schlitten 2 angeordnete Auflastseile 4 mit dem Vorschubsystem des Mäklers 7 verbunden. Die Führung der Seile 3, 4 sowie deren Verbindung mit dem Vorschubsystem sind beispielsweise aus der DE 43 12 368 A1 bekannt und brauchen daher an dieser Stelle nicht weiter beschrieben werden. Gleiches gilt für den Aufbau der Erregerzelle 1. Derartige Schwingungserzeuger sind dem Fachmann in unterschiedlichsten Ausführungen bekannt.The selected as an embodiment of apparatus for ramming and / or pulling sheet piles in or out of the ground consists essentially of a arranged on a construction machine leader 7, with a carriage 2, which is slidably mounted on a Mäklerführung 71. On the carriage 2, an excitation cell 1 is fixed, on the bottom side, a collet 11 is arranged for receiving a sheet pile. The carriage 2 is connected to the feed system of the leader 7 via two tension cables 3 fastened on both sides of the carriage 2 and two loading cables 4 arranged on both sides on the carriage 2. The leadership of the ropes 3, 4 and their connection to the feed system, for example, from DE 43 12 368 A1 known and therefore need not be further described at this point. The same applies to the structure of the exciter cell 1. Such vibration generator are known in the art in various designs.

Die Erregerzelle 1 weist im Ausführungsbeispiel ein weitgehend quaderförmiges Gehäuse auf, welches zwischen zwei parallel angeordneten Seitenwangen 20 des Schlittens 2 angeordnet und über Schraubverbindungen mit diesen Seitenwangen 20 verbunden ist. Auf seiner der Erregerzelle 1 abgewandten Seite sind an dem Schlitten 2 beabstandet zueinander zwei Führungsschienen 21 angeordnet, über welche der Schlitten 2 verschiebbar an dem Mäkler 7 gelagert ist. Seitlich sind an den Führungsschienen 21 auskragende Bleche 22 angebracht. Die Bleche 22 sind dabei derart angeordnet, dass die Bleche 22 der oberen Führungsschiene 21 in Richtung des Mäklers 7 und die Bleche 22 der unteren, dem Boden zugewandten Führungsschiene 21 in Richtung der Erregerzelle 1 auskragen. An den Blechen 22 ist jeweils eine Achse 221 zur Befestigung eines Zugseils 3 beziehungsweise eines Auflastseils 4 angeordnet. Dabei greifen die Zugseile 3 an die Achsen 221 der Bleche 22 der unteren Führungsschiene 21 an, die Auflastseile 4 sind mit den Achsen 221 der Bleche 22 der oberen Führungsschiene 21 verbunden. In die Zugseile 3 und die Auflastseile 4 sind Federpakete 5 integriert, welche in Figur 1 vereinfacht als zylindrische Schraubenfedern dargestellt sind. Zugseile 3 und Auflastseile 4 sind über Ösen 31, 41 mit den Achsen 221 der Bleche 22 verbunden.In the exemplary embodiment, the excitation cell 1 has a largely cuboid housing, which is arranged between two parallel side cheeks 20 of the carriage 2 and is connected to these side cheeks 20 via screw connections. On its side facing away from the exciter cell 1, two guide rails 21 are arranged at a distance from one another on the carriage 2, by means of which the carriage 2 is displaceably mounted on the broker 7. Laterally projecting plates 22 are attached to the guide rails 21. The sheets 22 are arranged such that the sheets 22 of the upper guide rail 21 in the direction of the leader 7 and the sheets 22 of the lower, the ground-facing guide rail 21 protrude in the direction of the exciter cell 1. On the sheets 22 in each case an axis 221 for fixing a traction cable 3 and a Auflastseils 4 is arranged. In this case, the traction cables 3 engage the axes 221 of the sheets 22 of the lower guide rail 21, the load cables 4 are connected to the axes 221 of the sheets 22 of the upper guide rail 21. In the traction cables 3 and the Auflastseile 4 spring assemblies 5 are integrated, which in FIG. 1 simplified as cylindrical coil springs are shown. Traction cables 3 and load cables 4 are connected via eyelets 31, 41 with the axes 221 of the plates 22.

Weiterhin ist an dem Schlitten 2 gegenüberliegend der oberen Führungsschiene 21 ein Hydraulikblock 6 zum Anschluss von - nicht dargestellten - Hydraulikleitungen angeordnet. Dabei ist der Hydraulikblock 6 über federnde Elemente mit dem Schlitten 2 verbunden, so dass eine Übertragung von Schwingungen auf die angeschlossenen Hydraulikleitungen minimiert ist. Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind die federnden Elemente durch Elastomerblöcke 61 gebildet.Furthermore, on the carriage 2 opposite the upper guide rail 21, a hydraulic block 6 for connection of - arranged hydraulic lines - not shown. In this case, the hydraulic block 6 is connected via resilient elements to the carriage 2, so that a transmission of vibrations to the connected hydraulic lines is minimized. In the exemplary embodiment, the resilient elements are formed by elastomer blocks 61.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 2 ist an der oberen Führungsschiene 21 beidseitig jeweils eine Wippe 23 über eine Schwenkachse 231 mit der Führungsschiene 21 schwenkbar verbunden. Dabei sind die Kraftangriffspunkte der Seile 3, 4 sowie die Zug-/Auflastschlaufe 233 versetzt zur Schwenkachse 231 der Wippe 23 angeordnet. Zugseil 3 und Auflastseil 4 sind auf einer gemeinsamen vertikalen Achse an der Wippe 23 befestigt. Beabstandet zur Schwenkachse 231 ist an der Wippe 23 eine Spannachse 232 zur Aufnahme einer Zug-/Auflast-Schlaufe 233 angeordnet. Die Zug-/Auflast-Schlaufe 233 ist zwischen der Spannachse 232 und einer zweiten, an der unteren Führungsschiene 21 angeordneten Spannachse 24 gespannt.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is on the upper guide rail 21 on both sides in each case a rocker 23 pivotally connected via a pivot axis 231 with the guide rail 21. The force application points of the cables 3, 4 and the pull / Auflastschlaufe 233 offset from the pivot axis 231 of the rocker 23 are arranged. Traction cable 3 and Auflastseil 4 are mounted on a common vertical axis on the rocker 23. Spaced to the pivot axis 231 is on the rocker 23 a clamping axis 232 for receiving a pull / load loop 233 is arranged. The tensile / loading loop 233 is stretched between the clamping axis 232 and a second, arranged on the lower guide rail 21 clamping axis 24.

Das Federmodul der Anordnung gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 2 funktioniert wie folgt: Wird eine Zugkraft auf das Zugseil 3 aufgebracht, so verschwenkt die Wippe 23 um die Achse 231, wodurch die Spannachse 232 einen Kreisbogen im Uhrzeigersinn beschreibt. Hierdurch wird die Zug-/Auflast-Schlaufe 233 gespannt, wodurch die gewünschte Entkopplung erzielt wird. Zum Aufbringen einer Auflast auf die Erregerzelle 1 wird eine Zugkraft auf das Auflastseil 4 aufgebracht, wodurch die Wippe 23 um die Schwenkachse 231 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn verschwenkt wird. Dabei beschreibt die Spannachse 232 einen Kreisbogen im Gegenuhrzeigersinn, wodurch wiederum die Zug-/Auflast-Schlaufe 233 gespannt wird, wodurch die Entkopplung bewirkt ist.The spring module of the arrangement according to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 works as follows: If a tensile force is applied to the traction cable 3, the rocker 23 pivots about the axis 231, whereby the clamping axis 232 describes a circular arc in the clockwise direction. As a result, the tension / Auflast loop 233 is tensioned, whereby the desired decoupling is achieved. To apply a surcharge on the excitation cell 1, a tensile force is applied to the Auflastseil 4, whereby the rocker 23 is pivoted about the pivot axis 231 in the counterclockwise direction. Here, the clamping axis 232 describes a circular arc in the counterclockwise direction, which in turn the tension / Auflast loop 233 is tensioned, whereby the decoupling is effected.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 3 sind sowohl an der oberen Führungsschiene 21 als auch an der unteren Führungsschiene 21 beidseitig jeweils eine Wippe 25, 26 schwenkbar angeordnet. Dabei ist an der oberen Führungsschiene 21 an beiden Seite eine Zugwippe 25 derart exzentrisch an der Führungsschiene 21 über eine Schwenkachse 251 gelagert, dass sie in Richtung der Erregerzelle 1 auskragt. Gleichsam sind an der unteren Führungsschiene 21 des Schlittens 2 an beiden Seiten jeweils eine Auflastwippe 26 über eine exzentrisch angeordnete Schwenkachse 261 schwenkbar mit der Führungsschiene 21 verbunden, wobei die Auflastwippe 26 in Richtung des Mäklers 7 auskragend angeordnet ist. Versetzt zur jeweiligen Schwenkachse 251, 261 sind an den Wippen 25, 26 Spannachsen 252, 262 angeordnet. Dabei sind die Spannachsen 252, 262 derart positioniert, dass sie bei horizontaler Ausrichtung der Wippen 25, 26 jeweils gegenüberliegend zu den Schwenkachsen 251, 261 der gegenüberliegenden Wippen 25, 26 positioniert sind. Auf beiden Seiten der Führungsschienen 21 ist zwischen der Spannachse 262 der Auflastwippe 26 und der Schwenkachse 251 der Zugwippe 25 eine Auflast-Schlaufe 263 gespannt und zwischen der Schwenkachse 261 der Auflastwippe 26 und der Spannachse 252 der Zugwippe 25 ist eine elastische Zugschlaufe 253 gespannt. Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind Zugschlaufe 253 und Auflastschlaufe 263 aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoffmaterial hergestellt. Alternativ können diese Schlaufen auch aus hochfesten Kunststofffasern, beispielsweise aus ultrahochkristallinem molekularen Polyethylen hergestellt sein.In the embodiment according to FIG. 3 Both a rocker 25, 26 are pivotally mounted on both sides of the upper guide rail 21 and on the lower guide rail 21 on both sides. In this case, on the upper guide rail 21 on both sides of a pull rocker 25 so eccentrically mounted on the guide rail 21 via a pivot axis 251 that it projects in the direction of the exciter cell 1. Similarly, on the lower guide rail 21 of the carriage 2 on both sides in each case a Auflastwippe 26 via an eccentrically arranged pivot axis 261 pivotally connected to the guide rail 21, wherein the Auflastwippe 26 is arranged cantilevered in the direction of Mäklers 7. Offset to the respective pivot axis 251, 261 clamping shafts 252, 262 are arranged on the rockers 25, 26. In this case, the clamping axes 252, 262 are positioned so that they are positioned in the horizontal orientation of the rockers 25, 26 respectively opposite to the pivot axes 251, 261 of the opposite rockers 25, 26. On both sides of the guide rails 21 between the clamping axis 262 of the Auflastwippe 26 and the pivot axis 251 of the pull rocker 25 a load-loop 263 stretched and between the pivot axis 261 of the Auflastwippe 26 and the clamping axis 252 of the pull rocker 25 is stretched an elastic pull loop 253. In the exemplary embodiment, pull-loop 253 and load-on loop 263 are made of glass-fiber-reinforced plastic material. Alternatively, these loops can also be made of high-strength plastic fibers, for example ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene.

Die Funktionsweise der Anordnung nach Figur 3 ist in Figur 4 verdeutlicht. Wird auf das Zugseil 3 eine Zugkraft F aufgebracht, so wird die Zug-Wippe 25 um den Vorspannweg s verschoben, wodurch der Abstand zwischen Schwenkachse 261 der Auflastwippe 26 und Spannachse 252 der Zug-Wippe vergrößert wird. Hierdurch wird die Zugschlaufe 253 gespannt, wodurch die Entkopplung erzielt ist. Der Abstand zwischen der Schwenkachse 251 der Zug-Wippe 25 und der Spannachse 262 der Auflast-Wippe 26 bleibt unverändert. Bei Beaufschlagung des Auflastseils 4 mit einer Zugkraft wird entsprechend die Auflast-Schlaufe 263 gespannt. Die Zugschlaufe 253 bleibt unbelastet. Bei einem alternierenden Ramm-und Ziehvorgang erfolgt somit eine wechselseitige Beanspruchung von Zugschlaufe 253 und Auflastschlaufe 263, wodurch die Entkopplung erzielt ist. Dabei kann durch separate Dimensionierung von Zugschlaufe 253 und Auflast-schlaufe 263 die Vorspannkraft für "Rammen" und "Ziehen" separat eingestellt werden. Auch bei dieser Ausführungsform ist im Falle des Versagens von Zugschlaufe 253 und/oder Auflastschlaufe 263 der Schlitten 2 weiterhin über Zug-wippe 25 mit dem Zugseil 3 verbunden.The operation of the arrangement after FIG. 3 is in FIG. 4 clarified. If a tensile force F is applied to the traction cable 3, the traction rocker 25 is displaced by the pretensioning path s, so that the distance between the pivot axis 261 of the loading rocker 26 and the tensioning axis 252 of the traction rocker is increased. As a result, the pull loop 253 is tensioned, whereby the decoupling is achieved. The distance between the pivot axis 251 of the pull rocker 25 and the clamping axis 262 of the load rocker 26 remains unchanged. When loading the Auflastseils 4 with a tensile force corresponding to the ballast loop 263 is stretched. The pull loop 253 remains unloaded. At an alternating ramming and Drawing process thus takes place a mutual stress of the pull loop 253 and Auflastschlaufe 263, whereby the decoupling is achieved. In this case, the biasing force for "ramming" and "pulling" can be set separately by separately dimensioning the pull loop 253 and the load bend 263. Also in this embodiment, in the case of failure of the pull loop 253 and / or Auflastschlaufe 263 of the carriage 2 is still connected via pull-rocker 25 to the pull cable 3.

Claims (12)

Vorrichtung zum Rammen und Ziehen von Spundbohlen u.ä. in den bzw. aus dem Boden, umfassend einen Mäkler, an dem eine Erregerzelle geführt ist, die an ein Vorschubsystem gekoppelt ist, über das sie linear bewegbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erregerzelle (1) starr mit wenigstens einem Führungselement verbunden ist, wobei das wenigstens eine Führungselement ausschließlich an dem Mäkler (7) geführt ist und elastisch mit dem Vorschubsystem verbunden ist.Apparatus for ramming and pulling sheet piles and the like in or from the ground, comprising a broker on which an exciter cell is guided, which is coupled to a feed system, over which it is linearly movable, characterized in that the excitation cell (1) is rigidly connected to at least one guide element, wherein the at least one guide element is guided exclusively on the broker (7) and is elastically connected to the feed system. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ankopplung des wenigstens einen Führungselements an das Vorschubsystem über wenigstens ein Seil (3, 4) erfolgt, das elastisch ausgebildet ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling of the at least one guide element to the feed system via at least one cable (3, 4) takes place, which is designed to be elastic. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das wenigstens eine Seil (3, 4) aus hochfesten Kunststofffasern, vorzugsweise Polyethylenfasern aus ultrahochkristallinem molekularen Polyethylen, oder aus Glasfasern hergestellt ist.Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one cable (3, 4) made of high-strength plastic fibers, preferably polyethylene fibers made of ultrahigh-crystalline molecular polyethylene, or glass fibers. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ankopplung des wenigstens einen Führungselements an das Vorschubsystem über wenigstens ein Seil (3, 4) erfolgt, wobei wenigstens ein Seil (3, 4) mit wenigstens einem Federmodul verbunden ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling of the at least one guide element on the feed system via at least one cable (3, 4), wherein at least one cable (3, 4) with at least one spring module is connected. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das wenigstens eine Federmodul als Federpaket (5) aus zylindrischen Schraubenfedern, Tellerfedern, Gasdruckfedern, Drehstabfedern und/oder Biegefedern ausgebildet ist.Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one spring module is designed as a spring assembly (5) of cylindrical coil springs, disc springs, gas springs, torsion bars and / or torsion springs. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das wenigstens eine Federmodul aus wenigstens einer Wippe (23) gebildet ist, die über eine Achse (231) schwenkbar mit dem wenigstens einen Führungselement verbunden ist, wobei an der wenigstens einen Wippe (23) beabstandet zur deren Schwenkachse (231) eine erste Spann-Aufnahme (232) und beabstandet zur Wippe (23) an der wenigstens einen Führung eine zweite Spann-Aufnahme (24) für ein elastisches Element angeordnet ist und wobei wenigstens ein Seil (3, 4) an der der Schwenkachse (231) gegenüberliegenden Seite an der Wippe (23) befestigt ist.Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one spring module of at least one rocker (23) is formed, which is connected via an axis (231) pivotally connected to the at least one guide element, wherein the at least one rocker (23) spaced from the the pivot axis (231) has a first clamping receptacle (232) and spaced from the Rocker (23) on the at least one guide a second clamping receptacle (24) is arranged for an elastic element and wherein at least one cable (3, 4) on the pivot axis (231) opposite side on the rocker (23) is attached , Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem wenigstens einen Führungselement zwei Wippen (25, 26) vertikal beabstandet zueinander angeordnet sind, wobei eine Wippe (25) mit wenigstens einem Zugseil (3) und eine Wippe (26) mit wenigstens einem Auflastseil (4) verbunden ist und wobei das einer jeden Wippe (25, 26) zugeordnete elastische Element (253, 263) an der Schwenkachse (261, 251) der mit dem wenigstens einem Führungselement verbundenen gegenüberliegenden Wippe (26, 25) angeordnet ist.Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that on the at least one guide element two rockers (25, 26) are arranged vertically spaced from each other, wherein a rocker (25) with at least one pull rope (3) and a rocker (26) with at least one Auflastseil (4) is connected and wherein the one of each rocker (25, 26) associated with elastic element (253, 263) on the pivot axis (261, 251) of the at least one guide member connected to the opposite rocker (26, 25) is arranged. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schwenkachse (251) der ersten Wippe (25) horizontal versetzt zur Schwenkachse (261) der zweiten Wippe (26) angeordnet ist.Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the pivot axis (251) of the first rocker (25) is arranged horizontally offset from the pivot axis (261) of the second rocker (26). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens ein elastisches Element in Form einer elastischen Schlaufe (233) ist.Device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that at least one elastic element in the form of an elastic loop (233). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elastische Schlaufe (233, 253, 263) aus glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterial hergestellt ist.Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the elastic loop (233, 253, 263) is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic material. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das wenigstens eine Führungselement an einem Schlitten (2) angeordnet ist, der mit der Erregerzelle starr verbunden ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one guide element on a carriage (2) is arranged, which is rigidly connected to the exciter cell. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schlitten (2) eine Länge aufweist, welche die Erregerzelle (1) in ihrer Länge überragt.Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the carriage (2) has a length which projects beyond the excitation cell (1) in its length.
EP10013794A 2010-10-20 2010-10-20 Ramming and traction device Not-in-force EP2444553B1 (en)

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EP1983112A1 (en) * 2007-04-16 2008-10-22 IHC Holland IE B.V. Pile driving installation and vibration device for such installation
JP2009228220A (en) * 2008-03-19 2009-10-08 Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd Pile driver

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WO2017127954A1 (en) * 2016-01-30 2017-08-03 周兆弟 Pile driver

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