EP2437982B1 - Tamper-proof closure for a plastic container for accommodating food - Google Patents

Tamper-proof closure for a plastic container for accommodating food Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2437982B1
EP2437982B1 EP10722702.7A EP10722702A EP2437982B1 EP 2437982 B1 EP2437982 B1 EP 2437982B1 EP 10722702 A EP10722702 A EP 10722702A EP 2437982 B1 EP2437982 B1 EP 2437982B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
web
container
lid
plastic container
container according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10722702.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2437982A1 (en
Inventor
Georg Hofmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuerst GmbH
Original Assignee
Fuerst GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2437982A1 publication Critical patent/EP2437982A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/16Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B65B7/28Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by applying separate preformed closures, e.g. lids, covers
    • B65B7/2842Securing closures on containers
    • B65B7/2878Securing closures on containers by heat-sealing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/22Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding
    • B65B51/225Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding by ultrasonic welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D43/00Lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D43/02Removable lids or covers
    • B65D43/0202Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element
    • B65D43/0204Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured by snapping over beads or projections
    • B65D43/0206Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured by snapping over beads or projections inside a peripheral U-shaped channel in the mouth of the container
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00018Overall construction of the lid
    • B65D2543/00064Shape of the outer periphery
    • B65D2543/00074Shape of the outer periphery curved
    • B65D2543/00092Shape of the outer periphery curved circular
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00018Overall construction of the lid
    • B65D2543/00259Materials used
    • B65D2543/00296Plastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00425Lids or covers welded or adhered to the container
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00444Contact between the container and the lid
    • B65D2543/00453Contact between the container and the lid in a peripheral U-shaped channel of the container
    • B65D2543/00462Contact between the container and the lid in a peripheral U-shaped channel of the container peripheral U-shaped channel of the lid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00444Contact between the container and the lid
    • B65D2543/00592Snapping means
    • B65D2543/00601Snapping means on the container
    • B65D2543/00611Profiles
    • B65D2543/00629Massive bead
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00444Contact between the container and the lid
    • B65D2543/00592Snapping means
    • B65D2543/00601Snapping means on the container
    • B65D2543/00675Periphery concerned
    • B65D2543/00685Totality
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00444Contact between the container and the lid
    • B65D2543/00592Snapping means
    • B65D2543/00712Snapping means on the lid
    • B65D2543/00722Profiles
    • B65D2543/0074Massive bead
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00444Contact between the container and the lid
    • B65D2543/00592Snapping means
    • B65D2543/00712Snapping means on the lid
    • B65D2543/00787Periphery concerned
    • B65D2543/00796Totality
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00824Means for facilitating removing of the closure
    • B65D2543/00833Integral tabs, tongues, handles or similar

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plastic container for receiving food.
  • Such a plastic container is out of the WO 2008/119521 known.
  • a tamper-evident ring provided on a cover engages with a circumferential detent device provided on the outer wall of a container.
  • the tamper-evident ring and latch are designed to tear off the tamper evident ring the first time the lid is opened. The consumer can thus recognize whether the goods received in the plastic container are still in their original state.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • it is intended to specify a plastic container that is as simple and inexpensive to produce as possible, which offers improved tamper-evident protection.
  • the proposed plastic container can be produced particularly cost-effectively because of a considerably simplified design of the container.
  • the second U-profile is formed from the first web extends over a substantial part of its outer periphery, a first outer leg, so that the container, a second U-profile is formed.
  • the second web is radially covered by the first outer leg. This can be counteracted undesirable damage to the second web or the predetermined breaking line / n. Nevertheless, the second, upwardly open U-profile allows the engagement of an anvil or one or more sonotrodes for the production of ultrasonic welding.
  • a first latching means is provided on an inner leg of the second U-profile facing the container interior.
  • a second locking means may be provided, so that by engaging the first with the second locking means of the lid with the container can be latched. This allows repeated tight closure of the container. It is therefore not only suitable as a packaging material, but after the fulfillment of the packaging purpose also for the storage of food, ingredients or other things.
  • first latching means may be a circumferential first projection or bead projecting outwardly from an outer wall of the inner leg.
  • the second latching means may be a second projection or bead radially inwardly projecting from an inner wall of the second outer leg of the first U-profile.
  • the plastic container has a further tamper-evident.
  • a first section of the first outer leg may have a third predetermined breaking line, so that a first recess can be produced in the first outer leg. By tearing off the first portion, a lower edge of the lid can be made accessible for opening it.
  • At least one of the webs in the region of the first portion has a second recess.
  • the first and / or the second web can be interrupted in this embodiment in the region of the first section. This makes it possible to set for opening the lid directly at the bottom of the second outer leg.
  • this predetermined breaking webs spanning the second recess may be connected to the first web and / or the inner leg.
  • the first and / or second predetermined breaking line is formed as a perforation.
  • the first and / or second bridge has / have one Plurality of radial recesses.
  • the radial recesses are V-shaped and open towards the outer periphery of the respective web. This allows a section-wise bending of the respective web without destroying the respective predetermined breaking line. Such a sectionwise bending may occur, for example, when the cover is placed on the container for the first time when the first outer limb of the second U-profile is slightly deformed.
  • the third predetermined breaking line is formed as a continuous film bridge.
  • Such a predetermined breaking line can be produced with a relatively simple designed tool.
  • the first web extends from an upper edge of the second outer leg and the second web extends from a further upper edge of the first outer leg.
  • the first and the second web are mounted so that they overlap with a latched lid to form a narrow gap. If in this case both the first and the second web are connected via a predetermined breaking line, a tamper evident ring formed by the welded webs can be completely removed from the cover and from the container.
  • the detachable via the third predetermined breaking line from the first outer leg portion may be provided to facilitate a first-time opening of the lid on the second outer leg and a tab which engages over the first outer leg when latched with the container lid.
  • a tab which engages over the first outer leg when latched with the container lid.
  • the container and the lid are produced according to a further embodiment of a flexible plastic, preferably polypropylene.
  • the lid and the container may be made of the same material. This ensures a particularly intimate ultrasonic welding connection.
  • the lid is made in a different color from the container.
  • the proposed plastic container may have a cylindrical and / or or upwardly conically widening shape.
  • the container may be a round container, a rectangular, an oval or otherwise shaped container.
  • the container generally designated by the reference numeral 1 in the figures has a radially projecting circumferential first web 2 in the vicinity of its opening edge.
  • a first outer leg 3 extends from the outer circumference of the first web 2.
  • the reference numeral 4 designates an inner leg made in one piece with a container wall, which extends from an inner circumference of the first web 2 and extends approximately parallel to the first outer leg 3.
  • a generally designated by the reference numeral 5 first cover has at its peripheral edge on a first U-profile U1.
  • a second outer limb of the first U-profile U1 is designated by the reference numeral 6. -
  • the inner leg 4, the first web 2 and the first outer leg 3 form a second U-profile U2.
  • a radially projecting circumferential second web 7 is attached via a second perforation S2.
  • the second web 7 overlaps the first web 2 when the first lid 5 is in a latched state with the container 1.
  • the first 2 and the second web 7 are arranged substantially parallel.
  • the second web 7 overlaps the first web 2 with a gap having a width or a gap in the range of about 0.05 to about 0.30 mm.
  • the inner leg 4 in the region of its peripheral edge a radially outwardly projecting first bead 8 and the second outer leg 6 on its inner wall a second bead 9, which in the latched state, the first Bead 8 engages behind.
  • the first outer leg 3 has a portion A, which is connected via two third predetermined breaking lines S3 to the first outer leg 3.
  • the section A can be torn off so that a first recess (not shown here) forms in the first outer leg 3.
  • first 2 and the second web 7 have a second recess 10 in the region of the section A.
  • breaking ridges which the first Bridge 2 and the inner leg 4 with the section A connect.
  • the 6 and 7 show in detail the formation of the second web 7.
  • the second web 7 has V-shaped to the peripheral edge opening recesses 12.
  • the cover 5 is placed on the filled container 1 in such a way that it engages with the container 1.
  • the second bead 9 engages behind the first bead 8.
  • the second web 7 overlaps the first web, forming a gap with a width of, for example, 0.15 mm.
  • the container 1 For producing an ultrasonic welding connection (not shown in the figures) between the first 2 and the second web 7, the container 1 is placed with an underside of the first web 2 on an annular anvil of an ultrasonic welding device. Subsequently, the second web 7 is pressed by means of one or more sonotrodes against an underside of the upper side opposite the first web 2. The gap is closed. By the action of ultrasound then the first 2 and the second web 7 are welded together.
  • the predetermined breaking line formed as perforated is stretched. It results in the stretched state, an elastic restoring force with which after the production of the ultrasonic welding the first U-profile U1 of the lid 5 is forced against an upper edge of the inner pivot 4 of the container 1. As a result, one becomes special achieved good seal between the lid 5 and container 1.
  • the consumer For the first opening of the lid 5, the consumer must destroy two tamper evidence.
  • a first tamper-evidence is that for opening the lid 5 first the section A must be removed from the first outer leg 3. Even in the missing section A, the consumer can recognize that possibly the originality of the goods received in the container is no longer given.
  • the second tamper-evident feature after removal of the section A, it can be attached to the lower edge of the second outer leg 6 in the region of the second recess 10. By an upward pushing of the second outer leg 6, the second web 7 tears off the second outer leg 6 along the second perforation S2. Thus, the second tamper-evident is removed and the lid 5 is lifted from the container 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kunststoffbehälter zur Aufnahme von Lebensmitteln.The invention relates to a plastic container for receiving food.

Ein solcher Kunststoffbehälter ist aus der WO 2008/119521 bekannt. Bei dem bekannten Kunststoffbehälter verrastet ein an einem Deckel vorgesehener Originalitätssicherheitsring mit einer an der Außenwand eines Behälters vorgesehenen umlaufenden Rasteinrichtung. Der Originalitätssicherheitsring und die Rasteinrichtung sind so ausgestaltet, dass beim erstmaligen Öffnen des Deckels der Originalitätssicherungsring abreißt. Der Verbraucher kann damit erkennen, ob sich die im Kunststoffbehälter aufgenommene Ware noch im Originalzustand befindet.Such a plastic container is out of the WO 2008/119521 known. In the case of the known plastic container, a tamper-evident ring provided on a cover engages with a circumferential detent device provided on the outer wall of a container. The tamper-evident ring and latch are designed to tear off the tamper evident ring the first time the lid is opened. The consumer can thus recognize whether the goods received in the plastic container are still in their original state.

Zur Herstellung des Kunststoffbehälters wird üblicherweise ein flexibles Kunststoffmaterial verwendet. Es kann nicht vollständig ausgeschlossen werden, dass durch Verbiegen der die Rastverbindung bildenden Elemente der Deckel samt Originalitätssicherungsring durch Unbefugte vom Behälter entfernt und nachfolgend wieder aufgesetzt wird. Es verbleibt also hinsichtlich der Originalitätssicherung ein Restrisiko. Abgesehen davon ist die Herstellung des Werkzeugs für den Behälter wegen der daran vorgesehenen Rasteinrichtung aufwändig.For the production of the plastic container usually a flexible plastic material is used. It can not be completely ruled out that by bending the latching connection forming elements of the lid together with tamper evident ring by unauthorized persons removed from the container and subsequently replaced. So there remains a residual risk in terms of tampering. Apart from that, the production of the tool for the container is complicated because of the latching device provided thereon.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Nachteile nach dem Stand der Technik zu beseitigen. Es soll insbesondere ein möglichst einfach und kostengünstig herstellbarer Kunststoffbehälter angegeben werden, welcher eine verbesserte Originalitätssicherung bietet.The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, it is intended to specify a plastic container that is as simple and inexpensive to produce as possible, which offers improved tamper-evident protection.

Die Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 2 bis 9.The object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the features of claims 2 to 9.

Indem der erste und der zweite Steg mittels einer Ultraschallschweißverbindung miteinander verschweißt sind, ist es unmöglich, den Deckel ohne eine Zerstörung der ersten und/oder zweiten Perforation vom Behälter abzuheben. Jegliches Restrisiko hinsichtlich einer mangelhaften Originalitätssicherung wird ausgeräumt. Der vorgeschlagene Kunststoffbehälter lässt sich wegen einer erheblich vereinfachten Ausgestaltung des Behälters besonders kostengünstig herstellen.By welding the first and second webs together by means of ultrasonic welding, it is impossible to lift the lid off the container without destroying the first and / or second perforations. Any residual risk with regard to a lack of originality assurance is eliminated. The proposed plastic container can be produced particularly cost-effectively because of a considerably simplified design of the container.

Vom ersten Steg erstreckt sich über einen wesentlichen Teil seines Außenumfangs ein erster äußerer Schenkel, so dass am Behälter ein zweites U-Profil gebildet ist. Bei einem mit dem Behälter verrasteten Deckel wird der zweite Steg vom ersten äußeren Schenkel radial abgedeckt. Damit kann einer unerwünschten Beschädigung des zweiten Stegs oder der Sollbruchlinie/n entgegengewirkt werden. Gleichwohl ermöglicht das zweite, nach oben offene U-Profil den Eingriff eines Ambosses oder einer oder mehrerer Sonotroden zur Herstellung der Ultraschallschweißverbindung.From the first web extends over a substantial part of its outer periphery, a first outer leg, so that the container, a second U-profile is formed. In a lid latched to the container, the second web is radially covered by the first outer leg. This can be counteracted undesirable damage to the second web or the predetermined breaking line / n. Nevertheless, the second, upwardly open U-profile allows the engagement of an anvil or one or more sonotrodes for the production of ultrasonic welding.

Nach einer Ausgestaltung ist an einem dem Behälterinnenraum zugewandten inneren Schenkel des zweiten U-Profils ein erstes Rastmittel vorgesehen. An einem zweiten äußeren Schenkel des ersten U-Profils kann ein zweites Rastmittel vorgesehen sein, so dass durch Ineinandergreifen des ersten mit dem zweiten Rastmittel der Deckel mit dem Behälter verrastbar ist. Das ermöglicht ein wiederholtes festes Verschließen des Behälters. Er eignet sich damit nicht nur als Verpackungsmittel, sondern nach Erfüllung des Verpackungszwecks auch zur Aufbewahrung von Speisen, Zutaten oder anderen Dingen.According to one embodiment, a first latching means is provided on an inner leg of the second U-profile facing the container interior. At a second outer leg of the first U-profile, a second locking means may be provided, so that by engaging the first with the second locking means of the lid with the container can be latched. This allows repeated tight closure of the container. It is therefore not only suitable as a packaging material, but after the fulfillment of the packaging purpose also for the storage of food, ingredients or other things.

Dabei kann das erste Rastmittel ein von einer Außenwand des inneren Schenkels nach außen vorspringender umlaufender erster Vorsprung oder Wulst sein. Das zweite Rastmittel kann ein von einer Innenwand des zweiten äußeren Schenkels des ersten U-Profils radial nach innen vorspringender zweiter Vorsprung oder Wulst sein.In this case, the first latching means may be a circumferential first projection or bead projecting outwardly from an outer wall of the inner leg. The second latching means may be a second projection or bead radially inwardly projecting from an inner wall of the second outer leg of the first U-profile.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung weist der Kunststoffbehälter eine weitere Originalitätssicherung auf. Zu diesem Zweck kann ein erster Abschnitt des ersten äußeren Schenkels eine dritte Sollbruchlinie aufweisen, so dass im ersten äußeren Schenkel eine erste Ausnehmung herstellbar ist. Durch Abreißen des ersten Abschnitts kann ein unterer Rand des Deckels zum Öffnen desselben zugänglich gemacht werden.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the plastic container has a further tamper-evident. For this purpose, a first section of the first outer leg may have a third predetermined breaking line, so that a first recess can be produced in the first outer leg. By tearing off the first portion, a lower edge of the lid can be made accessible for opening it.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung weist zumindest einer der Stege im Bereich des ersten Abschnitts eine zweite Ausnehmung auf. D. h. der erste und/oder der zweite Steg können in dieser Ausgestaltung im Bereich des ersten Abschnitts unterbrochen sein. Damit ist es möglich, zum Öffnen des Deckels unmittelbar am unteren Rand des zweiten äußeren Schenkels anzusetzen.According to a further advantageous embodiment, at least one of the webs in the region of the first portion has a second recess. Ie. The first and / or the second web can be interrupted in this embodiment in the region of the first section. This makes it possible to set for opening the lid directly at the bottom of the second outer leg.

Zur weiteren Sicherung des ersten Abschnitts kann dieser durch die zweite Ausnehmung überspannende Sollbruchstege mit dem ersten Steg und/oder dem inneren Schenkel verbunden sein.In order to further secure the first section, this predetermined breaking webs spanning the second recess may be connected to the first web and / or the inner leg.

Die erste und/oder zweite Sollbruchlinie ist als Perforation ausgebildet. Der erste und/oder zweite Steg weist/weisen eine Mehrzahl radialer Ausnehmungen auf. Die radialen Ausnehmungen sind V-förmig ausgebildet und öffnen sich zum Außenumfang des jeweiligen Stegs hin. Das ermöglicht ein abschnittsweises Verbiegen des jeweiligen Stegs ohne eine Zerstörung der jeweiligen Sollbruchlinie. Ein solches abschnittsweises Verbiegen kann beispielsweise beim erstmaligen Aufsetzen des Deckels auf den Behälter auftreten, wenn der erste äußere Schenkel des zweiten U-Profils leicht deformiert ist.The first and / or second predetermined breaking line is formed as a perforation. The first and / or second bridge has / have one Plurality of radial recesses. The radial recesses are V-shaped and open towards the outer periphery of the respective web. This allows a section-wise bending of the respective web without destroying the respective predetermined breaking line. Such a sectionwise bending may occur, for example, when the cover is placed on the container for the first time when the first outer limb of the second U-profile is slightly deformed.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist die dritte Sollbruchlinie als durchgehende Filmbrücke ausgebildet. Eine solche Sollbruchlinie kann mit einem relativ einfach ausgestalteten Werkzeug hergestellt werden.According to a further embodiment, the third predetermined breaking line is formed as a continuous film bridge. Such a predetermined breaking line can be produced with a relatively simple designed tool.

Nach einer alternativen Ausgestaltung des Kunststoffbehälters erstreckt sich der erste Steg von einem oberen Rand des zweiten äußeren Schenkels und der zweite Steg erstreckt sich von einem weiteren oberen Rand des ersten äußeren Schenkels. Dabei sind der erste und der zweite Steg so angebracht, dass sie bei verrastetem Deckel unter Ausbildung eines schmalen Spalts überlappen. Sofern in diesem Fall sowohl der erste als auch der zweite Steg über eine Sollbruchlinie angebunden sind, kann ein durch die verschweißten Stege gebildeter Originalitätssicherungsring vollständig vom Deckel sowie vom Behälter entfernt werden.According to an alternative embodiment of the plastic container, the first web extends from an upper edge of the second outer leg and the second web extends from a further upper edge of the first outer leg. In this case, the first and the second web are mounted so that they overlap with a latched lid to form a narrow gap. If in this case both the first and the second web are connected via a predetermined breaking line, a tamper evident ring formed by the welded webs can be completely removed from the cover and from the container.

Anstelle des über die dritte Sollbruchlinie aus dem ersten äußeren Schenkel herauslösbaren Abschnitts kann zur Erleichterung eines erstmaligen Öffnens des Deckels am zweiten äußeren Schenkel auch eine Lasche vorgesehen sein, welche bei mit dem Behälter verrasteten Deckel den ersten äußeren Schenkel übergreift. Damit kann durch Ansetzen an der Lasche der Deckel unter Zerstörung der ersten und/oder zweiten Sollbruchlinie vom Behälter abgehoben werden. Es wird dazu ergänzend auf die Fig. 7 bis 10 der WO 2008/119521 und die Beschreibung zu diesen Figuren verwiesen. Der Offenbarungsgehalt dieses Dokuments wird hier einbezogen.Instead of the detachable via the third predetermined breaking line from the first outer leg portion may be provided to facilitate a first-time opening of the lid on the second outer leg and a tab which engages over the first outer leg when latched with the container lid. Thus, by attaching to the tab of the lid while destroying the first and / or second predetermined breaking line be lifted off the container. It will be complementary to the Fig. 7 to 10 of the WO 2008/119521 and the description of these figures referenced. The disclosure of this document is incorporated herein by reference.

Der Behälter und der Deckel sind nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung aus einem flexiblen Kunststoff, vorzugsweise Polypropylen, herstellt. Insbesondere können der Deckel und der Behälter aus demselben Material hergestellt sein. Das gewährleistet eine besonders innige Ultraschallschweißverbindung.The container and the lid are produced according to a further embodiment of a flexible plastic, preferably polypropylene. In particular, the lid and the container may be made of the same material. This ensures a particularly intimate ultrasonic welding connection.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass der Deckel in einer vom Behälter abweichenden Farbe hergestellt ist. Damit kann der vom Deckel abgerissene erste Steg bzw. Originalitätssicherungsring leicht erkannt werden. Es kann damit auf einen Blick festgestellt werden, ob am Deckel überhaupt ein erster Steg bzw. Originalitätssicherungsring angebracht gewesen ist.According to a further embodiment it is provided that the lid is made in a different color from the container. Thus, the torn from the cover first ridge or tamper evident ring can be easily detected. It can thus be ascertained at a glance whether a first web or tamper-evident ring has ever been attached to the cover.

Der vorgeschlagene Kunststoffbehälter kann eine zylindrische und/oder oder nach oben sich konisch erweiternde Form aufweisen. Im Aufriss kann es sich bei dem Behälter um einen runden Behälter, einen rechteckigen, einen ovalen oder auch andersartig geformten Behälter handeln.The proposed plastic container may have a cylindrical and / or or upwardly conically widening shape. In the elevation, the container may be a round container, a rectangular, an oval or otherwise shaped container.

Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Behälters sowie eines Deckels,
Fig. 2
eine teilweise aufgebrochene Ansicht des Behälters gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Detailansicht gemäß Fig. 2,
Fig. 4
eine Draufsicht auf den ersten Behälter gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 5
eine Detailansicht gemäß Fig. 4,
Fig. 6
eine Draufsicht auf den Deckel gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 7
eine Detailansicht gemäß Fig. 6,
Fig. 8
eine Schnittansicht durch den Behälter gemäß Fig. 4 entlang der Schnittlinie B-B und
Fig. 9
eine Detailansicht gemäß Fig. 8.
An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a container and a lid,
Fig. 2
a partially broken view of the container according to Fig. 1 .
Fig. 3
a detailed view according Fig. 2 .
Fig. 4
a plan view of the first container according to Fig. 1 .
Fig. 5
a detailed view according Fig. 4 .
Fig. 6
a plan view of the lid according to Fig. 1 .
Fig. 7
a detailed view according Fig. 6 .
Fig. 8
a sectional view through the container according to Fig. 4 along the section line BB and
Fig. 9
a detailed view according Fig. 8 ,

Der in den Figuren allgemein mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 bezeichnete Behälter weist in der Nähe seines Öffnungsrands einen radial vorspringenden umlaufenden ersten Steg 2 auf. Vom Außenumfang des ersten Stegs 2 erstreckt sich ein erster äußerer Schenkel 3. Mit dem Bezugszeichen 4 ist ein einstückig mit einer Behälterwand hergestellter innerer Schenkel bezeichnet, welcher sich von einem inneren Umfang des ersten Stegs 2 erstreckt und etwa parallel zum ersten äußeren Schenkel 3 verläuft. Ein allgemein mit dem Bezugszeichen 5 bezeichneter erster Deckel weist an seinem Umfangsrand ein erstes U-Profil U1 auf. Ein zweiter äußerer Schenkel des ersten U-Profils U1 ist mit dem Bezugszeichen 6 bezeichnet. - Der innere Schenkel 4, der erste Steg 2 und der erste äußere Schenkel 3 bilden ein zweites U-Profil U2.The container generally designated by the reference numeral 1 in the figures has a radially projecting circumferential first web 2 in the vicinity of its opening edge. A first outer leg 3 extends from the outer circumference of the first web 2. The reference numeral 4 designates an inner leg made in one piece with a container wall, which extends from an inner circumference of the first web 2 and extends approximately parallel to the first outer leg 3. A generally designated by the reference numeral 5 first cover has at its peripheral edge on a first U-profile U1. A second outer limb of the first U-profile U1 is designated by the reference numeral 6. - The inner leg 4, the first web 2 and the first outer leg 3 form a second U-profile U2.

Am zweiten äußeren Schenkel 6 des ersten U-Profils U1 ist über eine zweite Perforation S2 ein radial vorspringender umlaufender zweiter Steg 7 angebracht. Wie insbesondere aus den Fig. 3 und 9 ersichtlich ist, überlappt der zweite Steg 7 den ersten Steg 2, wenn der erste Deckel 5 sich in einem mit dem Behälter 1 verrasteten Zustand befindet. Der erste 2 und der zweite Steg 7 sind im Wesentlichen parallel angeordnet. Dabei kann der zweite Steg 7, welcher hier einen Originalitätssicherungsring bildet, auf dem ersten Steg 2 aufliegen. Es kann aber auch sein, dass in diesem Zustand der zweite Steg 7 den ersten Steg 2 mit einem Spalt mit einer Breite bzw. einem Spaltmaß im Bereich von etwa 0,05 bis etwa 0,30 mm überlappt.On the second outer leg 6 of the first U-profile U1, a radially projecting circumferential second web 7 is attached via a second perforation S2. As in particular from the Fig. 3 and 9 As can be seen, the second web 7 overlaps the first web 2 when the first lid 5 is in a latched state with the container 1. The first 2 and the second web 7 are arranged substantially parallel. In this case, the second web 7, which here forms a tamper-evident ring, rest on the first web 2. But it may also be that in this state, the second web 7 overlaps the first web 2 with a gap having a width or a gap in the range of about 0.05 to about 0.30 mm.

Zur Herstellung einer Rastverbindung zwischen dem Deckel 5 und dem Behälter 1 weist der innere Schenkel 4 im Bereich seines Umfangsrands einen radial nach außen vorspringenden ersten Wulst 8 und der zweite äußere Schenkel 6 an seiner Innenwand einen zweiten Wulst 9 auf, welcher im verrasteten Zustand den ersten Wulst 8 hintergreift.For producing a latching connection between the lid 5 and the container 1, the inner leg 4 in the region of its peripheral edge a radially outwardly projecting first bead 8 and the second outer leg 6 on its inner wall a second bead 9, which in the latched state, the first Bead 8 engages behind.

Wie insbesondere aus den Fig. 4 und 5 ersichtlich ist, weist der erste äußere Schenkel 3 einen Abschnitt A auf, welcher über zwei dritte Sollbruchlinien S3 mit dem ersten äußeren Schenkel 3 verbunden ist. Der Abschnitt A kann abgerissen werden, so dass sich eine (hier nicht gezeigte) erste Ausnehmung im ersten äußeren Schenkel 3 bildet.As in particular from the 4 and 5 can be seen, the first outer leg 3 has a portion A, which is connected via two third predetermined breaking lines S3 to the first outer leg 3. The section A can be torn off so that a first recess (not shown here) forms in the first outer leg 3.

Wie insbesondere aus den Fig. 4 und 5 weiter ersichtlich ist, weisen der erste 2 und der zweite Steg 7 im Bereich des Abschnitts A eine zweite Ausnehmung 10 auf. Mit dem Bezugszeichen 11 sind Sollbruchstege bezeichnet, welche den ersten Steg 2 sowie den inneren Schenkel 4 mit dem Abschnitt A verbinden.As in particular from the 4 and 5 It can also be seen that the first 2 and the second web 7 have a second recess 10 in the region of the section A. By the reference numeral 11 are designated breaking ridges, which the first Bridge 2 and the inner leg 4 with the section A connect.

Die Fig. 6 und 7 zeigen im Detail die Ausbildung des zweiten Stegs 7. Der zweite Steg 7 weist V-förmige sich zum Umfangsrand hin öffnende Ausnehmungen 12 auf.The 6 and 7 show in detail the formation of the second web 7. The second web 7 has V-shaped to the peripheral edge opening recesses 12.

Zur Herstellung der Originalitätssicherung wird auf den befüllten Behälter 1 der Deckel 5 so aufgesetzt, dass er mit Behälter 1 verrastet. Dabei hintergreift der zweite Wulst 9 den ersten Wulst 8. Der zweite Steg 7 überlappt unter Ausbildung eines Spalts mit einer Breite von beispielsweise 0,15 mm den ersten Steg.To produce the tamper-evident, the cover 5 is placed on the filled container 1 in such a way that it engages with the container 1. In this case, the second bead 9 engages behind the first bead 8. The second web 7 overlaps the first web, forming a gap with a width of, for example, 0.15 mm.

Zur Herstellung einer (in den Figuren nicht gezeigten) Ultraschallschweißverbindung zwischen dem ersten 2 und dem zweiten Steg 7 wird der Behälter 1 mit einer Unterseite des ersten Stegs 2 auf einen ringförmigen Amboss einer Ultraschallschweißeinrichtung gelegt. Nachfolgend wird der zweite Steg 7 mittels einer oder mehrerer Sonotroden gegen eine der Unterseite gegenüberliegende Oberseite des ersten Stegs 2 gedrückt. Dabei wird der Spalt geschlossen. Durch die Wirkung von Ultraschall werden sodann der erste 2 und der zweite Steg 7 miteinander verschweißt.For producing an ultrasonic welding connection (not shown in the figures) between the first 2 and the second web 7, the container 1 is placed with an underside of the first web 2 on an annular anvil of an ultrasonic welding device. Subsequently, the second web 7 is pressed by means of one or more sonotrodes against an underside of the upper side opposite the first web 2. The gap is closed. By the action of ultrasound then the first 2 and the second web 7 are welded together.

Durch das Vorsehen des Spalts und das Drücken des zweiten Stegs 7 gegen den ersten Steg 2 wird die als perforiert ausgebildete Sollbruchlinie gedehnt. Es ergibt sich im gedehnten Zustand eine elastische Rückstellkraft, mit der nach der Herstellung der Ultraschallschweißverbindung das erste U-Profil U1 des Deckels 5 gegen eine Oberkante des inneren Schwenkels 4 des Behälters 1 gezwungen wird. Infolgedessen wird eine besonders gute Dichtung zwischen Deckel 5 und Behälter 1 erreicht.By providing the gap and pressing the second web 7 against the first web 2, the predetermined breaking line formed as perforated is stretched. It results in the stretched state, an elastic restoring force with which after the production of the ultrasonic welding the first U-profile U1 of the lid 5 is forced against an upper edge of the inner pivot 4 of the container 1. As a result, one becomes special achieved good seal between the lid 5 and container 1.

zum erstmaligen Öffnen des Deckels 5 muss der Verbraucher zwei Originalitätssicherungen zerstören.For the first opening of the lid 5, the consumer must destroy two tamper evidence.

Eine erste Originalitätssicherung besteht darin, dass zum Öffnen des Deckels 5 zunächst der Abschnitt A aus dem ersten äußeren Schenkel 3 herausgelöst werden muss. Schon am fehlenden Abschnitt A kann der Verbraucher erkennen, dass möglicherweise die Originalität der im Behälter aufgenommenen Ware nicht mehr gegeben ist.A first tamper-evidence is that for opening the lid 5 first the section A must be removed from the first outer leg 3. Even in the missing section A, the consumer can recognize that possibly the originality of the goods received in the container is no longer given.

Zum Lösen der zweiten Originalitätssicherung kann nach dem Entfernen des Abschnitts A am unteren Rand des zweiten äußeren Schenkels 6 im Bereich der zweiten Ausnehmung 10 angesetzt werden. Durch ein nach oben gerichtetes Drücken des zweiten äußeren Schenkels 6 reißt der zweite Steg 7 entlang der zweiten Perforation S2 vom zweiten äußeren Schenkel 6 ab. Damit ist die zweite Originalitätssicherung entfernt und der Deckel 5 ist vom Behälter 1 abgehoben.To release the second tamper-evident feature, after removal of the section A, it can be attached to the lower edge of the second outer leg 6 in the region of the second recess 10. By an upward pushing of the second outer leg 6, the second web 7 tears off the second outer leg 6 along the second perforation S2. Thus, the second tamper-evident is removed and the lid 5 is lifted from the container 1.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Behältercontainer
22
erster Stegfirst jetty
33
erster äußerer Schenkelfirst outer thigh
44
innerer Schenkelinner thigh
55
Deckelcover
66
zweiter äußerer Schenkelsecond outer thigh
77
zweiter Stegsecond bridge
88th
erster Wulstfirst bead
99
zweiter Wulstsecond bead
1010
zweite Ausnehmungsecond recess
1111
SollbruchstegBreaking bridge
1212
Ausnehmungrecess
AA
Abschnittsection
S2S2
zweite Sollbruchliniesecond predetermined breaking line
S3S3
dritte Sollbruchliniethird predetermined breaking line
U1U1
erstes U-Profilfirst U-profile
U2U2
zweites U-Profilsecond U-profile

Claims (9)

  1. A plastic container for receiving foodstuffs, comprising a container (1) and a latchable flexible lid (5) corresponding thereto,
    wherein the container (1) in the vicinity of its opening edge has a radially protruding first web (2), which runs around over a substantial part of its outer periphery,
    wherein a first outer limb (3) extends from the first web (2) over a substantial part of its outer periphery, with the result that a second U-shaped profile (U2) is formed on the container (1),
    wherein a first U-shaped profile (U1), which runs around on the edge of the lid (5) and is formed in a manner corresponding to the container wall, is provided,
    wherein a radially protruding second web (7) which runs around over a substantial part of its outer periphery is provided on a peripheral outer wall of the first U-shaped profile (U1), with the result that the second web (7) overlaps the first web (2) when the lid (5) is fitted onto the container (1),
    wherein the first web (2) is connected via a first perforation to the container (1) and/or the second web (7) is connected via a second perforation (S2) to the outer wall of the first U-shaped profile (U1),
    wherein the second web (7) comprises a plurality of recesses (12), which are arranged at regular distances, are V-shaped, and are open towards the outer periphery of the second web (7), and
    wherein the first web (2) and the second web (7) are welded together by means of an ultrasonic welding connection.
  2. The plastic container according to Claim 1, wherein, when the lid (5) is latched to the container (1), the second web (7) is radially covered by the first outer limb (3).
  3. The plastic container according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a portion (A) of the first outer limb (3) has a predetermined breaking line (S3), with the result that a first recess can be produced in the first outer limb (3).
  4. The plastic container according to Claim 3, wherein the predetermined breaking point (S3) is formed as a continuous film bridge.
  5. The plastic container according to one of Claims 3 or 4, wherein at least one of the webs (2, 7) has a second recess (10) in the region of the portion (A).
  6. The plastic container according to one of Claims 3 to 5, wherein the portion (A) is connected by the predetermined breaking web (11) spanning the second recess (10) to the first web (2) and/or the inner limb (4).
  7. The plastic container according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the container (1) and the lid (5) are produced from a flexible plastic, preferably polypropylene.
  8. The plastic container according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lid (5) is produced in a colour different from the container (1).
  9. The plastic container according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the container (1) has a cylindrical and/or upwardly conically widening shape.
EP10722702.7A 2009-06-05 2010-06-02 Tamper-proof closure for a plastic container for accommodating food Active EP2437982B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009026795A DE102009026795A1 (en) 2009-06-05 2009-06-05 Plastic container for holding food
PCT/EP2010/057729 WO2010139737A1 (en) 2009-06-05 2010-06-02 Method for producing a tamper-proof closure for a plastic container for accommodating food

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2437982A1 EP2437982A1 (en) 2012-04-11
EP2437982B1 true EP2437982B1 (en) 2014-01-08

Family

ID=42664900

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10722702.7A Active EP2437982B1 (en) 2009-06-05 2010-06-02 Tamper-proof closure for a plastic container for accommodating food

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2437982B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102009026795A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2010139737A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9834340B2 (en) 2015-03-02 2017-12-05 Dart Container Corporation Tamper evident and resistant container
US9994369B2 (en) 2015-03-02 2018-06-12 Dart Container Corporation Tamper evident and resistant container

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10130171B2 (en) 2017-02-08 2018-11-20 Intermetro Industries Corporation Insulated transport cabinets for food and the like

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2535289B2 (en) * 1981-11-06 1985-06-28 Plastigord Plastiques Perigord BOX WITH SEALED CLOSURE FORMING CONTAINER FOR VARIOUS PRODUCTS
US5249694A (en) * 1991-06-20 1993-10-05 Highland Plastics, Inc. Tear strip container
US5156273A (en) * 1992-04-28 1992-10-20 Empak, Inc. Stackable composite lid and container arrangement
FR2707951B1 (en) * 1993-07-01 1995-08-25 Rg Plastiques Plastic packaging box formed by a rigid tray and a lid.
DE19824785A1 (en) * 1998-06-03 1999-12-09 Bellaplast Holding Ag Altstaet Method of making a tamper-evident seal and food container
US8083089B2 (en) * 2005-07-13 2011-12-27 Pwp Industries Inc. Versatile tamper-evident food container
DE202007017293U1 (en) 2007-03-30 2008-08-07 Fürst GmbH Plastic container for holding food
DE102007015340A1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-09 Fürst GmbH Plastics material container for confectionary items, has authenticity sealing ring on first limb of U-shaped molding
US7946441B2 (en) * 2007-08-10 2011-05-24 Letica Corporation Molded plastic container assembly with tear strip

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9834340B2 (en) 2015-03-02 2017-12-05 Dart Container Corporation Tamper evident and resistant container
US9994369B2 (en) 2015-03-02 2018-06-12 Dart Container Corporation Tamper evident and resistant container

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009026795A1 (en) 2010-12-09
WO2010139737A4 (en) 2011-01-27
EP2437982A1 (en) 2012-04-11
WO2010139737A1 (en) 2010-12-09

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