Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03D—WIND MOTORS
  • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
  • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
  • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
  • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03D—WIND MOTORS
  • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
  • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
  • F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03D—WIND MOTORS
  • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
  • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
  • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2260/00—Function
  • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
  • F05B2260/76—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism using auxiliary power sources
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2260/00—Function
  • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
  • F05B2260/79—Bearing, support or actuation arrangements therefor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2260/00—Function
  • F05B2260/83—Testing, e.g. methods, components or tools therefor
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
  • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
  • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for operating a Rotorblattverstellantriebs a wind turbine, wherein an electrical operating load is supplied by an electric primary power supply and failure of the same by an electrical energy storage with electrical energy. Furthermore, the invention relates to a Rotorblattverstellantrieb for a wind turbine.
• the power and speed control takes place via the change in the rotor blade angle, the adjustment of which blade adjustment systems are used. Usually these are hydraulic or electrical systems. In general, the adjustment of the blade angle is also used for shutdown and Störrabrabfahren, so that the Blattverstellsystem represents the primary brake system of the wind turbine.
• energy storage devices are used to power the blade drive system drives in the event of a primary power failure.
• accumulators batteries are regularly used as energy stores, with monitoring devices being used to ensure the safety and availability of the Ensure accumulators. Typically, this is done by voltage monitor relays, which deliver a message to the higher-level controller in the event of an undervoltage.
• None of the above-mentioned methods makes it possible to make an accurate statement about the state of health and / or the state of charge of the accumulator during operation of the system.
• the disadvantages of the above-mentioned methods are, in particular, that when using voltage monitor relays, only the voltage level of the accumulator is considered. However, this only allows a conditional statement about the state of health and the state of charge of the accumulator. Even in the case of loading of the accumulator by the motor of the Blattverstellantriebs the voltage level has only a conditional significance, since usually the degree of stress is not constant. Furthermore, when using a continuous monitoring of the battery voltage, the same problems arise as with the voltage monitor relay.
• an alarm rest voltage is determined from a previously determined reserve time and the discharge voltage determined during the first measurement from the current discharge characteristic of the rest voltage, which represents a measure of a respective remaining residual energy of the battery and when it is reached during operation at the load an alarm of the operator of the power system takes place.
• This power system forms an uninterruptible power supply, so that the batteries do not serve for emergency supply, but fulfill a fundamental function of the system. This has the consequence that several batteries must be provided, of which at least one is always coupled to the load.
• the known power supply system is relatively expensive. Furthermore, the condition of each battery must be determined separately, so it takes a relatively long time until the condition of all batteries is detected.
• the invention has the object to be able to extend the aforementioned method in the most cost-effective manner to a meaningful state detection of the energy storage. Furthermore, the method should be relatively quickly feasible.
• the method according to the invention for operating a rotor blade adjustment drive of a wind power plant comprises the step of supplying an electrical operating load with electrical energy by means of an electric primary energy supply and, in the event of failure thereof, by an electrical energy store.
• the development of this method consists in particular in that the electrical energy storage is electrically charged by means of an electric charger, and that the energy storage is separated in successive time intervals temporarily from the charger and charged with an electrical test load, which thereby, ie by the application of the battery is separated from the energy storage device with the test load, caused electrical discharge of the energy storage is observed.
• the inventive method can be carried out with only a single energy storage, so that costs for additional energy storage can be saved.
• the costs for it are significantly lower than for an additional energy store, which is suitable for operating at least one electric motor of a Blattwinkelverstellantriebs a wind turbine. Since, in particular, only one energy store is checked, the method according to the invention is also relatively fast.
• the temporary disconnection of the energy store from the charger is preferably done periodically.
• the operating load is or is electrically decoupled from the energy store while it is being powered by the primary power supply with electrical energy.
• the primary energy supply is preferably an electrical network, in particular an AC network.
• the primary power supply can also be formed by a DC network.
• the electrical network is for example an internal network of the wind turbine or a external network, such as a wind farm network or the public power grid.
• the charger is particularly provided in addition to the primary power supply. Preferably, however, the charger is powered by the primary power supply with electrical energy.
• the charger leads the energy storage to an electric charging current and / or applies an electrical charging voltage to the energy storage.
• the charger preferably controls or regulates the electrical charging current supplied to the energy store and / or the electrical charging voltage applied to the energy store, in particular as a function of the state of charge of the energy store.
• the observation of the discharge of the energy store comprises measuring the voltage drop across the test load and / or the electrical load supplied to the test load or passing through it. From the measured voltage and / or the measured current, one or at least one discharge curve is preferably determined and / or represented.
• the discharge curve comprises a plurality of values of the measured voltage and / or of the measured current as a function of time.
• the discharge curve is stored in a memory.
• the state of health of the energy store is preferably determined on the basis of the discharge curve. Since the discharge is repeatedly carried out and observed at successive time intervals, it is preferable to determine a plurality of health states from which, in particular, a temporal course of the state of health is determined.
• a state-dependent replacement of the energy store is performed or planned on the basis of the time course of the state of health.
• the test load is preferably a power resistor, which is in particular an ohmic resistor.
• the test load is constant.
• the energy store preferably has one or more accumulators or is formed by it or these.
• the operating load comprises in particular at least one electric motor coupled to at least one rotor blade or is formed by the latter, by means of which the rotor blade is rotated about a blade axis.
• the coupling between the electric motor and the rotor blade is preferably mechanical.
• the electric motor is particularly suitable as a DC motor or as an AC motor, e.g. in the form of a rotating field machine, formed.
• the charger which loads the battery at cyclic intervals with a resistor. During the load, the voltage drop across the load resistor is then measured and thus a statement about the condition of the batteries is made.
• the load of the accumulator by the charger would be according to the current However, knowledge is limited to very short and low-energy discharges, which are very limited in their informative value.
• the loading of the energy store with the test load according to the invention thus preferably takes place outside the charger. In particular, the test load is provided externally from the charger.
• the invention further relates to a rotor blade pitch for a wind turbine, with an electrical operating load, which is supplied by a primary power supply with electrical energy or can be electrically coupled to the operating load electrical energy storage, by means of which the operating load in case of failure of the primary power supply electrical energy is supplied or can be, and an electrical switching device by means of which the energy storage is coupled in case of failure of the primary power supply to the operating load or can be.
• the development of the rotor blade adjustment drive is in particular that the energy storage is electrically charged by an electric charger or can be, and that the energy storage means of the switching device in successive time intervals can be temporarily separated from the charger and charged with an electrical test load, said characterized electrical discharge of the energy storage is observed by means of an evaluation or can be.
• the method according to the invention is carried out in particular with the rotor blade adjustment drive according to the invention.
• the rotor blade adjustment drive and / or its features can thus be further developed according to all embodiments described in connection with the method according to the invention. The same applies vice versa for the inventive method.
• the energy storage device can preferably be periodically separated from the charger by means of the switching device and subjected to an electrical test load so that the successive time intervals are, in particular, constant or substantially constant.
• a periodic discharge of the energy storage is feasible and observable.
• the operating load of the energy store is electrically decoupled or decoupled while it is powered by the primary power supply with electrical energy or can be.
• the charger is or can be supplied with electrical energy from the primary energy supply.
• the charger is preferably electrically coupled or coupled to the primary power supply.
• the charger can supply the energy storage an electrical charging current and / or create an electrical charging voltage to the energy storage.
• the electrical charging current supplied to the energy store and / or the electrical charging voltage applied to the energy store can preferably be controlled or regulated by means of the charging device, in particular as a function of the state of charge of the energy store.
• the energy store preferably has one or more accumulators or is formed from this or these.
• the operating load comprises in particular at least one electric motor coupled to at least one rotor blade or is formed by the latter, by means of which the rotor blade is or can be rotated about a blade axis.
• the coupling between the electric motor and the rotor blade is preferably mechanical.
• the operating load with the interposition of an inverter with the primary power supply is electrically coupled.
• the converter preferably comprises a rectifier, an output stage and an intermediate circuit which is connected between the rectifier and the output stage and in particular comprises a capacitor.
• the output stage is e.g. an inverter, DC chopper or other device to provide a controllable DC or AC current to the electric motor.
• the invention opens up a possibility of determining the state, in particular the state of charge and / or the state of health of the energy store, without reducing the availability of the wind power plant.
• the energy store is preferably separated from the charger at periodic intervals and charged with a power resistor. During this load, both the voltage and the current are measured and displayed as a discharge curve. On the basis of this discharge curve, it is possible to determine the state of charge and / or the state of health of the energy store. Since the discharge is carried out every time under the same conditions, over track the development of health status over time, and schedule a condition-based replacement of the accumulators. The verification of the energy storage can be performed during the ongoing operation of the wind turbine, so that losses in their availability can be avoided.
• the energy store is preferably an accumulator or a battery.
• FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a Blattwinkelverstellantriebs according to an embodiment of the invention.
• Fig. 3 a schematic plan view of the rotor of the wind turbine.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wind turbine 1 can be seen, comprising a standing on a foundation 2 tower 3, at its end remote from the foundation 2 a nacelle 4 is arranged.
• the machine house 4 has a holder (support) 5, on which a rotor 6 is rotatably mounted, which comprises a rotor hub 7 and a plurality of rotor blades 8, 9 and 10 connected thereto (see also FIG. 3).
• the rotor 6 is mechanically with an electric generator 11 which is arranged in the machine house 4 and fixed to the carrier 5.
• Rotorblattverstellsystem 12 In the rotor hub 7 a Rotorblattverstellsystem 12 is arranged, which Blattwinkelverstellantriebe 14 with emergency power supply devices 13, wherein the rotor blades 8, 9 and 10 by means of Blattwinkelverstellantriebe 14 about their respective longitudinal axis 15, 16 and 17 relative to the rotor hub 7 can be rotated (see also Fig. 3).
• the rotor 6 is rotated by wind power 18 about a rotor axis 19.
• Fig. 3 shows a schematic plan view of the rotor 6, so that the three rotor blades 8, 9 and 10 are visible.
• Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of one of the Blattwinkelverstellahntriebe 14 with the associated emergency power supply device 13 can be seen, which comprises an accumulator 20 which is electrically connected via an electrical switch 21 with an electric charger 22 or connectable.
• the Blattwinkelverstellahntrieb 14 includes an electric motor 23 which is mechanically coupled to the rotor blade 8 so that it can be rotated by the electric motor 23 about the blade axis 15.
• the electric motor 23 is electrically coupled or coupled with the interposition of an electrical switch 24 with a converter 25 which is electrically connected to a primary power supply 26 and is fed by this.
• the converter 25 comprises a rectifier 35, an output stage 36 and a switched between the rectifier 35 and the output stage 36 DC voltage intermediate circuit 37 with a capacitor.
• the output stage 36 is eg an inverter or a DC chopper. Since the electric motor 23 according to this embodiment is formed as a DC motor, the reference numeral 36 denotes a DC chopper or other apparatus for providing a controllable DC current for the electric motor.
• the inverter 25 is coupled to a controller 27, by means of which the inverter
• the electric motor 23 is electrically coupled or couplable via an electrical switch 28 to the accumulator 20. Further, the charger 22 is with the primary power supply
• the accumulator 20 can be loaded via an electrical switch 29 with a power resistor 30, which is coupled to a measuring unit 31, by means of which the voltage U applied to the power resistor 30 and the current I flowing through the power resistor 30 can be measured.
• the measuring unit 31 is coupled to an evaluation device 32, by means of which an unloading curve 33 can be determined from the time profile of the measured voltage and / or the measured current, which is shown only schematically.
• the evaluation device 32 can determine the state of health (SOH) of the accumulator 20.
• the switches 21, 24, 28 and 29 are part of an electrical switching device 34, by means of which these switches can be electrically operated.
• the switches 21, 24, 28 and 29 can be designed in each case as a relay or as a transistor.
• the switching device 34 is controlled by the controller 27 or by a separate controller.
• the switch 24 is closed, whereas the switch 28 is open.
• the electric motor 23, with the interposition of the inverter 25, only supplied by the primary power supply 26 with electrical energy.
• the switch 21 is closed, so that the accumulator 20 is or can be charged by means of the charger 22, and the switch 29 is preferably opened.
• Charger 22 controls charging voltage UL applied to accumulator 20 and / or charging current IL supplied to accumulator 20, preferably as a function of the state of charge of accumulator 20.
• switch 21 is opened when switch 28 is open, whereas the switch 29 is closed.
• the accumulator 20 now discharges via the power resistor 30, which is monitored by means of the evaluation device 32 with the interposition of the measuring unit 31. If the health status is detected, the switch 29 is opened again, whereas the switch 21 is closed. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Wind Motors (AREA)
• Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
• Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

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• 2009
  • 2009-04-28 DE DE102009003843A patent/DE102009003843A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2010
  • 2010-02-23 EP EP10709450A patent/EP2425130A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-02-23 CN CN201080028949.2A patent/CN102459887B/zh active Active
  • 2010-02-23 US US13/266,277 patent/US8933652B2/en active Active
  • 2010-02-23 KR KR1020117028415A patent/KR101628895B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2010-02-23 WO PCT/EP2010/052246 patent/WO2010124886A2/de active Application Filing

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