EP2424380A1 - Concentrated, creamy to solid and dry compositions of an oil-in-water emulsion, method for the production thereof and use thereof for producing improved foods in terms of sensory aspects and nutrition physiology - Google Patents
Concentrated, creamy to solid and dry compositions of an oil-in-water emulsion, method for the production thereof and use thereof for producing improved foods in terms of sensory aspects and nutrition physiologyInfo
- Publication number
- EP2424380A1 EP2424380A1 EP10719736A EP10719736A EP2424380A1 EP 2424380 A1 EP2424380 A1 EP 2424380A1 EP 10719736 A EP10719736 A EP 10719736A EP 10719736 A EP10719736 A EP 10719736A EP 2424380 A1 EP2424380 A1 EP 2424380A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- oil
- food
- weight
- protein
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23C17/00—Buttermilk; Buttermilk preparations
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23C9/1307—Milk products or derivatives; Fruit or vegetable juices; Sugars, sugar alcohols, sweeteners; Oligosaccharides; Organic acids or salts thereof or acidifying agents; Flavours, dyes or pigments; Inert or aerosol gases; Carbonation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
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- A23C9/13—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F5/24—Extraction of coffee; Coffee extracts; Making instant coffee
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
- A23G9/32—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G9/327—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the fatty product used, e.g. fat, fatty acid, fatty alcohol, their esters, lecithin, glycerides
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Definitions
- Emulsion process for their preparation and their use for the production of sensory and nutritionally improved foods
- the present invention relates to biopolymer-based compositions having a continuous aqueous phase and a dispersed fatty or oily phase and a simple and continuous process for their preparation.
- the dispersed oil phase is stable and does not separate even on prolonged standing.
- the stability of these compositions with respect to the separation of water and oil phases is based on the unique process used to make them and does not require additional emulsifying or dispersing agents.
- These compositions have unique properties which make them suitable for use as thickeners, suspending agents, coating materials and as fat replacers in food products.
- products made in accordance with this invention may be dried and subsequently rehydrated to yield compositions having substantially the same properties as the undried compositions.
- Creamy and / or full-bodied foods and other products such as cosmetics typically rely on the addition of hydrocolloids and / or finely-dispersed particles (e.g., as microparticles or emulsified fat) to produce the desired consistency.
- This emulsified fat is generally supplied by liquid or spray-dried non-dairy creamers, whole milk or reduced fat milk.
- the amount of fat commonly found in these products provides inadequate consistency and / or water binding benefits, often resulting in deposition after prolonged storage.
- Hydrocolloid gums and water-soluble starches are typically used to give a consistency to beverages, ie to increase the viscosity. Hydrocolloid gums, however, often lead to negative consistency properties, which appear as "slimy” or "sticky".
- Water-soluble starches may also be used to increase the viscosity.
- the amount of water-soluble starch required to cause these properties is usually higher in gums, so more solid must be added. This means an additional high solids content for instant products.
- the fullness and creaminess can be increased by a higher dosage of solids. Since this means a larger volume of end product, difficulties arise in the formulation of products whose aim is to obtain a high-quality end product with low raw material input.
- Prior art of the present invention Representative of the prior art is, for example, International Application WO03 / 003850, which proposes compositions consisting essentially of pectin, alginate and cellulose for stabilizing and increasing the viscosity of cosmetics, health supplies, foodstuffs and beverages.
- EP 340 035 A2 aqueous dispersions of insoluble, microfragmented, ionic polysaccharide / protein complex are described for use as nutrients, viscosity or texture controlling agents in both conventional and novel food products.
- the prior art does not describe a process for preparing a water-oil emulsion which imparts a creamy mouthfeel to edible formulations to a wide range of food and drug products, impart creaming stability and, in others, including industrial products, for example, reduces or completely eliminates water separation suppressed.
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an oil-in-water (OVW) emulsion (also referred to herein as "PPS" or protein polysaccharide stabilizer) consisting essentially of protein, polysaccharide, oil or fat and optionally water ,
- OW oil-in-water
- PPS protein polysaccharide stabilizer
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion containing, based on the total weight of the emulsion 0.2-10.0 Wt% protein; 0.3-10.0% by weight polar polysaccharide; 0.1-60% by weight. a fat / oil component; and optionally 0-30.0 wt .-% polyol.
- a flavoring 0-1.0 wt .-% of a flavoring; 0-1.0% by weight of a dye; 0-0.2% by weight of preservatives; and or 0-1.0% by weight of an acid, as well as active ingredients incorporated by PPS into a desired end product, for example enzymes in detergents, vitamins, essential fatty acids, pigments and metals such as titanium oxide in foods or health care products such as Sunscreen lotions, therapeutically active agents such as Taxol in drug products, fungicides in crop protection products, aluminum hydroxide in Bohrkühlement, etc.
- active ingredients incorporated by PPS for example enzymes in detergents, vitamins, essential fatty acids, pigments and metals such as titanium oxide in foods or health care products such as Sunscreen lotions, therapeutically active agents such as Taxol in drug products, fungicides in crop protection products, aluminum hydroxide in Bohrkühlement, etc.
- the present invention is based on the surprising discovery that a stable and non-separable emulsion composed of microscopic oil droplets dispersed throughout an aqueous phase of a biopolymer or biopolymer mixture are prepared in the absence of conventional emulsifying or dispersing agents can by dispersing a substantially consisting of a fat / oil component phase (oil phase) in a protein and polysaccharide-containing aqueous phase and finely emulsified, wherein for the preparation of the aqueous phase, protein and polysaccharide are first dissolved separately with stirring and subsequently be mixed.
- a fat / oil component phase oil phase
- the oil phase is mixed with at least part of the polysaccharide with stirring, and then dispersed and finely emulsified in an aqueous phase containing the protein and optionally also partially polysaccharide.
- the particle size of the dispersed oil or fat drops of PPS is preferably in the distribution maximum at X50 . 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ m (volume median).
- the dry weight of PPS is preferably between 5 and 60 wt .-%, wherein the reduction of the dry mass of PPS essentially by reducing the oil or. Fat content is achieved.
- the resulting emulsions are characterized by the following properties: (1) they are stable and do not phase separate into their oil and water components upon prolonged standing; (2) they are characterized by a relatively high water binding; (3) Depending on the type, they form slightly viscous liquids to creamy pastes which, in the absence of dispersed fat by the application of heat, can easily be transformed into pourable liquids; (4) cold resistance (freezing and thawing) is given; (5) Heat resistance under sterilization conditions is given; (6) they can be dried, for example, using a roller dryer to give solid compositions that feel less oily when touched; and (7) dried compositions readily hydrate and are readily redissolved in water to provide smooth, stable and lump-free emulsions that are identical or similar in their properties to aqueous compositions before drying that have never been dried.
- the smoothness and suppleness of the emulsion of the invention make it suitable for use as thickeners, suspending agents and fat replacers in foods.
- the presence of the oil component in the emulsion also causes them to act as emulsifying and dispersing agents and makes them receptive to the addition of a variety of water-immiscible materials, for example, other fat, volatile and essential, as well as flavoring oils and food flavors, antioxidants , medicinal agents, agricultural chemicals, etc.
- the compositions are also useful as a seed coating because the oil component provides a significant level of compatibility between the dried composition and the waxy coating found in many seed varieties.
- compositions do not feel substantially oily upon contact, especially those in which the particle size of the emulsion is of the order of 1 micron and / or which are loaded with less than about 30 weight percent oil, based on the combined Weight of the aqueous emulsion.
- the inventive compositions do not feel substantially oily upon contact, especially those in which the particle size of the emulsion is of the order of 1 micron and / or which are loaded with less than about 30 weight percent oil, based on the combined Weight of the aqueous emulsion.
- the inventive compositions do not feel substantially oily upon contact, especially those in which the particle size of the emulsion is of the order of 1 micron and / or which are loaded with less than about 30 weight percent oil, based on the combined Weight of the aqueous emulsion.
- compositions a non-greasy, but lubricious structure.
- the present invention further includes compositions and formulations, especially dry compositions containing, among other ingredients, 0.001-99.9% by weight of the emulsion of the invention.
- this acts as a stabilizer of the distributions of solids and liquids contained in the respective product.
- the emulsion according to the invention can be used in the preparation of any product in which oil-in-water Emulsions find application, in particular lotions, gels, creams, pastes, lubricants, etc.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a food modified in its sensory, functional and / or nutritional properties, comprising the use of PPS.
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a food modified in its sensory, functional and / or nutritional properties, comprising providing an oil-in-water (CVW) emulsion, based on the total weight of the emulsion 0.2-10, 0% by weight protein; 0.3-10.0% by weight polar polysaccharide; 0.1-60% by weight. a fat / oil component; 0-30.0% by weight of a flavoring oil component; and optionally 0-30.0 wt .-% polyol.
- CVW oil-in-water
- PPS is used in food products where a rich, creamy mouthfeel is desired, and is particularly preferred in those food compositions in which creaming products have conventionally been used, for example instant drinks and ready-to-serve beverages such as flavored and non-medicated beverages.
- Preferred liquid or flowable food products are dairy or plant based beverages, desserts, yoghurts and soups. Meal replacements as well as dairy and plant based drinks and soups are especially preferred. These food products may also be present as a powder or concentrate which is mixed with a liquid, eg water, to produce a food product.
- a liquid eg water
- food substitutes can be produced with PPS. This is particularly true for dietetic food substitutes whose dry mass consists essentially of PPS, since in a preferred embodiment PPS is used, the production of which uses polysaccharides whose energy content is essentially 0% and the fiber content is between 70% and 80%. Therefore, the present invention also relates in particular to methods for the production of low-calorie and compared to conventional products calorie-reduced foods, especially dietary food products and beverages.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that, according to the method of the invention, food products can be produced which do not contain genetically modified material (GMO) (use of GMO-free vegetable proteins is possible) and basically consist of natural raw materials. Furthermore, the production with basic raw materials in organic quality is given (proteins, polysaccharides). The same applies to the oils introduced by the process according to the invention.
- GMO genetically modified material
- the present invention also relates to food products prepared according to the method of the present invention that meet the requirements of a certified organic product.
- Said method first requires the provision of PPS whose dry matter is preferably between 5 and 60% by weight, particularly preferably between 20 and 25% by weight.
- the method of the invention further comprises blending PPS with a suitable food base to produce the desired food product, wherein the emulsion is in a ratio of 0.1-75 based on the food base
- Patent application DE 10 2009 019 551.3 filed on 30 April 2009, whose Priority claimed by the present application, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- Foodstuffs according to the invention basically comprise any edible, edible and drinkable composition and preferably comprise the product groups indicated in the tables of FIGS. 4 to 7 with representatives given by way of example.
- the term food also includes feed and feed additives such as cat and dog food, as the veterinary sector is increasingly focusing on a balanced diet that is acceptable to the animals.
- foodstuffs according to the invention in particular as a concentrate feed area for animals in competitive sports, can be used, such as equestrian sports and dog racing.
- the terms "instant” and “soluble” are used interchangeably to refer to products and compositions, such as instant coffee products, soluble detergent powders, and tablets, which are relatively soluble in water, especially hot water.
- a mixture (either in the form of a powder, dry mix, concentrate or emulsion) is sold by the manufacturer and typically mixed by the consumer with an aqueous liquid or diluent (i.e., water, milk, or other aqueous medium) to provide a ready to use product or ready to serve food or beverage.
- a "food base” may be any food composition edible to the human immediately before or after the preparation, which is consumed by dissolving, diluting, cooking, frying, baking, etc.
- the food base may be any basis of dairy or non-dairy type. Examples of the food base for incorporation of PPS variants are foods indicated in the tables of Figs. 4-7.
- fat and oil or “fat component” and “oil component” are used interchangeably herein, unless otherwise specified.
- Lipid is a general term referring to substances found in living cells composed of only a nonpolar hydrocarbon moiety or a hydrocarbon moiety having polar functional groups (see Encyclopedia of Chemistry, 3rd Edition, publisher CA Hampel and GG Hawley, 1973, page 632). Most fats are insoluble in water and are soluble in fat solvents such as ether and chloroform. Fats are a major class of the lipid family. Fats are glycerol esters of fatty acids that are predominantly palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids, although many other fatty acids are found in nature. Most fats are present as triesters of glycerine.
- Oils are divided into three categories: (1) fatty substances from plant and animal organisms; (2) volatile or essential (essential) oils, i. the scent principles of plant organisms; and (3) mineral oils, fuel oils and lubricants, i. Hydrocarbons derived from petroleum and its products.
- the flowable and edible vegetable oils are, for example, soybean oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, coconut oil, rapeseed oil, MCT oils, and olive oil. and the semi-solid hydrogenated vegetable oils, fats of animal origin such as fish oil, butter, bacon or tallow, and the refined and non-toxic mineral oils commonly referred to as paraffin oil. Also included are oils and fats, which may be partially or fully hydrogenated or otherwise modified, as well as non-toxic modified fats which have properties similar to triglycerides and are referred to herein as partially or completely nondigestible fat. Low calorie fats and edible nondigestible fats, oils or fat substitutes may be included in the term.
- fat also refer to 100% non-toxic fatty materials which have properties similar to those of triglycerides.
- fat also generally include fatty compositions such as cream and fat substitutes, which materials may be partially or wholly nondigestible.
- Oil is often used interchangeably with the terms “lipid” and “fat” and may be replaced by other lipids (i.e., fats and hydrocarbons).
- the "fat component” and “oil component” is enriched in certain embodiments, for example for the preparation of dietary supplements with essential and / or "functional" fatty acids or fatty acid esters such as long-chain, polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), in particular linolenic and linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) arachidonic acid (AA) or their glycerides or phosphoglycerides.
- LC-PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acids
- EPA eicosapentaenoic acid
- DHA docosahexaenoic acid
- AA arachidonic acid
- any combination of the above-mentioned grease and oil components can be used.
- flavoring oil component includes oils such as herbal or spice oil concentrate, peel oil, fruit oil, and other oils and fats as defined above that are capable of conferring certain flavor nuances to a food.
- oils such as herbal or spice oil concentrate, peel oil, fruit oil, and other oils and fats as defined above that are capable of conferring certain flavor nuances to a food.
- enriched vegetable oils edible oils
- edible oils preferably from processed, shelled oilseeds with plant parts of herbal and / or aromatic plants and / or fruits is known per se from DE 101 01 638 C2.
- flavoring oils include oil from processed, shelled oilseeds with plant parts of herbal plants such as thyme, basil, coriander and oregano; Herbal plants such as fennel, for example fennel oil concentrate; or fruits such as sea buckthorn, for example, sea buckthorn pulp oil and sea buckthorn kernel oil or citrus fruits.
- Polysaccharides represent a significant group of biopolymers.
- the polysaccharides are preferably hydrocolloids, i. they are high molecular weight polar water-soluble biopolymers (Dickinson, The role of hydrocolloids in stabilizing particulate dispersions and emulsions; In: Phillips Glyn O, Williams PA, Wedlock DJ (Eds): Gums and stabilizers for the food industry 4, Wrexham 1988; 249-264 ).
- the polysaccharides used are carboxyl group-containing polysaccharides.
- polysaccharides contemplated by the present invention include, but are not limited to xanthan, carboxymethyl-pullulan, carrageenan, chitosan, gellan, Na-carboxymethylcellulose, Na-alginate and pectin.
- Pectins are polysaccharides found in the cell walls of higher plants. They are isolated from the middle lamella or the primary cell wall. In the middle lamella, pectin serves as a putty, while in the primary cell wall it is actively involved in the water balance of the cell. The extraction takes place from the shells of citrus fruits, from apple or R Wegstern. Pectins are heterogeneous, complex polysaccharides. They consist of partially esterified ⁇ -1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid units (Kunz, Lexikon der GmbHtechnologie, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 1st edition, 1993). This main framework is interrupted by rhamnoses with side chains of neutral sugars (arabinose, galactose).
- the hydroxyl groups on the Cl or C3 atom of the galacturonic acid units are partly acetylated or substituted by further neutral sugars (such as D-galactose, D-xylose, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose) (Ebert, Biopolymere: Structure and Properties, BG Teubner Verlag, Stuttgart 1993; Kunz, (1993), supra).
- the carboxyl groups of the polygalacturonic acid are partially esterified or amidated with methanol.
- the molecular mass the commercially available pectin is between 30,000 and 200,000 g / mol (Switzerland, Anlagenbuch gelling and thickening agent, 1993). In general, pectin can be differentiated by the degree of esterification (DE).
- the degree of esterification indicates the percentage of the esterified with methanol carboxyl groups.
- Pectin with a DE> 50 is called highly esterified pectin, while pectin with a DE ⁇ 50 is low esterified.
- Amidated pectin is low methylated pectin which additionally contains amide groups.
- the degree of amidation (DA) is defined as the percentage of amidated carboxyl groups (Rolin, Pectin, In: Whistler RL, BeMiller JN (Eds): Industrial gums Polysaccharides and their derivatives.) Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 3rd Edition (1993). , 257-293).
- Pectins are commercially available from several manufacturers.
- pectins also includes polysaccharides which do not represent pectin in the strict sense, but due to derivatization of, for example, polygalacturonic acid or polysaccharides by hydroxylation, carboxylation, esterification and / or amidation in their properties the same of pectins. or come close, and therefore can be used equivalently.
- pectin is approved under E440 as a food additive for a variety of products.
- CMC Sodium carboxymethylcellulose
- DS degree of substitution
- the properties of the Na-carboxymethylcellulose depend on the degree of substitution and the degree of polymerization (Belitz et al., Lehrbuch der Strukturchemie, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 4th edition, 1992).
- the degree of polymerization indicates how many monomeric molecules are linked on average to the macromolecule during polymerization.
- the carboxymethylcellulose which is preferred according to the invention has an average molecular weight of 125,000 g / mol.
- the average degree of polymerization is 582 ⁇ -D-glucose units.
- Na-carboxymethylcellulose is approved under E466 as a food additive in the thickening and gelling group.
- Na-carboxymethylcellulose also includes polysaccharides which do not represent Na-carboxymethylcellulose in the true sense, but for example due to derivatization of, for example, cellulose or other polyurea by hydroxylation, carboxylation, esterification and / or etherification in their Properties that are similar and / or close to Na-carboxymethylcellulose, and therefore can be used equivalently.
- protein includes any substantially amino acid peptide and polypeptide.
- suitable protein sources for the production of PPS include vegetable proteins (especially oilseed proteins derived from cotton, palm, oilseed rape, safflower, cocoa, sunflower, sesame, soy, pea, potato, peanut and the like), animal proteins such as sodium Caseinate, bovine serum albumin, protein albumin and microbial proteins, such as yeast proteins and so-called "protozoan” proteins.
- Preferred proteins include whey protein isolate, milk protein concentrate, Na-caseinate or skimmed milk powder and non-dairy whey proteins such as vegetable proteins, especially soya, pea and lupine proteins; see also the examples. Whey is produced as a by-product of cheese production.
- Whey proteins are the proteins which remain after separation of the caseins from the milk by acid or Labfallung in the whey (Barth and Behnke, nutritional physiological importance of whey and whey constituents. Food 41 (1997), 2-12).
- proteins also includes hydrolyzed proteins such as hydrolyzed whey proteins.
- protein also includes biologically active proteins such as enzymes used in, for example, yoghurt and cheese manufacture or detergents; Hormones such as insulin for drug products; Antigens for vaccines; Proteases in reagents, etc.
- polyol is meant a polyhydric alcohol having at least 4, preferably 4 to 1 1 hydroxyl groups.
- Polyols include sugars (these are monosaccharides, disaccharides and trisaccharides), sugar alcohols, other sugar derivatives (that is alkyl glucosides), polyglycerols such as diglycerol and triglycerol, pentaerythritol, sugar ethers such as sorbitan and polyvinyl alcohols.
- sugars include xylose, arabinose, ribose, xylitol, erythritol, glucose, methylglucoside, mannose, galactose, fructose, sorbitol, maltose, lactose, sucrose, raffinose and maltotriose.
- “Flavorings” are flavors that are preferably added to the food compositions in amounts that will impart a mild, pleasant aroma.
- the flavoring agent may be any of the typically used commercial flavorings. If non-spicy flavor is desired, the aromas are typically made from various types of cocoa, pure vanilla or artificial flavor such as vanillin, ethyl vanillin, chocolate, malt, mint, yoghurt powder, extracts, spices such as cinnamon, nutmeg and ginger, mixtures thereof and Selected similar. It will be appreciated that many flavor variations can be obtained by combinations of the basic flavors. If a spicy taste is desired, the flavors are typically selected from various types of herbs and spices. Suitable flavors may also include seasoning agents such as salt and imitation fruit or chocolate flavors either singly or in any suitable combination.
- Flavors which also mask the off-flavor of vitamins and / or minerals and other ingredients are preferably added to such food compositions.
- Other flavors such as fruit flavors can also be used, with pineapple flavor almond nut, amaretto, aniseed, brandy, cappuccino, crème de menthe, grand marnier ⁇ , pistachios, sambuca, apple, chamomile, french vanilla, irish cream, kahl ⁇ a, lemon, peppermint, macadamia nut , Orange, orange leaf, peach, strawberry, grapes, raspberries, cherries, coffee, chocolate, mocha and the like are further examples.
- emulsions include, for example, coloring ingredients, vegetable extracts, vegetable juices, vitamin-containing plant concentrates, mineral products and preservatives. pictures
- FIG. 1 Schematic representation of the process according to the invention for the preparation of the oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion according to the invention (also referred to herein as "PPS").
- A a phase consisting essentially of the fat / oil component (oil phase) is dispersed in an aqueous phase containing the protein and polysaccharide; see also Example 1.
- B the oil phase is mixed with a polysaccharide and then dispersed in an aqueous phase containing the protein; see also Example 2.
- part of the intended amount of polysaccharide (PS) according to variant B is introduced into the oil phase and the
- Oil + PS phase according to variant A dispersed in the P + PS phase, wherein preferably their amount of polysaccharide (PS) is adjusted according to the already contained in the oil phase amount of PS.
- the process temperature in all cases until the emulsion is obtained should be below the denaturation temperature range of the proteins (e.g., not higher than 60 ° C for whey protein).
- a 1 Oil and / or fat component (s) (O) are heated to about 50 ° C or until all the fat is melted at 60 ° C (oil phase). Ideally, the oil phase has a density of about 1.0 g / cm 3.
- a 2 polysaccharide (PS) is prepared using a magnetic stirrer or a
- the polysaccharide is dry mixed with this and then dispersed in the aqueous phase.
- Polysaccharides and optionally polyol is preferably about 75% of
- the PS solution can be sterilized at 95 ° C for 10 minutes.
- a 3 Protein (P) is slowly added to the aqueous phase (about 50 ° C.) at 1000 to 1500 rpm using a magnetic stirrer or a star stirrer (modified stirrer disc) and dissolved for about 1 h. When foaming, the Rotational speed of the stirrer reduced.
- Dissolution of the proteins is preferably about 25% of the total amount of water.
- the protein has an acidic pH and is therefore poorly soluble (eg potato protein EMVITAL K5)
- the protein dispersion before mixing with the polysaccharide or the oil phase by addition of 1% NaOH solution eg 1.96 ⁇ g NaOH per g protein.
- 1% NaOH solution eg 1.96 ⁇ g NaOH per g protein.
- a 4 The aqueous P solution is slowly mixed into the aqueous PS solution using a stirrer.
- a 5 In the aqueous P-PS phase, the oil phase is incorporated with continuous stirring at 1500 U / min and then, for example, using a rotor-stator dispersing (CAT-X620, M. Zipperer GmbH / Staufen) at about 20,500 to 24,000 rpm and post-emulsified for 15 seconds to 1 minute. On a laboratory scale, the addition of the oil phase is carried out dropwise within 20 s by means of a rotor-stator dispersing (CAT-X620, M. Zipperer GmbH / Staufen) at about 20,500 to 24,000 rpm and post-emulsified for 15 seconds to 1 minute. On a laboratory scale, the addition of the oil phase is carried out dropwise within 20 s by means of a rotor-stator dispersing (CAT-X620, M. Zipperer GmbH / Staufen) at about 20,500 to 24,000 rpm and post-emulsified for 15 seconds to 1 minute. On a laboratory scale, the addition of
- Pasteur pipette or slowly using a 5 ml macro pipette was used as a Pasteur pipette or slowly using a 5 ml macro pipette.
- a 6 Under laboratory conditions, fine dispersion of the emulsion with the EmulsiFlex C5 high pressure emulsifier (AVESTIN, Canada) at 20-80
- the mean drop size of the oil drops in the emulsion is about 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.2.
- incorporation and fine dispersion of the oil phase into the aqueous P-PS phase can also be carried out batchwise, for example by means of the use of the vacuum processing system FrymaKoruma MaxxD 200 (FrymaKoruma GmbH, Neucal, Germany), which is based on the vacuum processing system FrymaKoruma MaxxD 200 (FrymaKoruma GmbH, Neucal, Germany), which is based on the
- Zahnkranzdispergiertex (sprocket rotor and stator) based and is able to produce high viscosity emulsions with a particle size of X 50 1.2-2.5 microns. This particle size is sufficient if more viscous Food products are to be produced, in particular with the aim of consistency control.
- B 3 same as A 3 , except that the amount of water used to dissolve the proteins is 100% of the total amount of water.
- B 4 In the aqueous P-phase, the oil-PS mixture is incorporated as indicated in A 5 and post-emulsified. It is important for emulsion formation that the dispersion process takes place rapidly (in a few seconds), since the viscosity of the continuous phase increases considerably as the polysaccharide content in the oil increases immediately as the drop surface area increases (m 2 / ml of oil). The emulsification process should therefore be carried out in such a way that it ends with a high polysaccharide content in the oil before the emulsion no longer flows because of too high a viscosity. B 5 as indicated in A 6 .
- C 5 : A 5 , wherein only a part of the total amount of polysaccharide (PS) according to variant A is used.
- PS polysaccharide
- the amount used, together with the amount of PS used in step C 2 gives the total amount that would be used in variant A or B.
- the emulsion obtained basically has an acidic or neutral pH and should have a particle size of X 50 ⁇ 10 ⁇ m, preferably ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ m. If necessary, the emulsion can be adjusted to the desired pH before further processing, for example by acidification with 0.1% by weight of citric acid
- variants B and C allow the preparation of high oil and very high polysaccharide emulsions. Such emulsions are particularly suitable for compositions and formulations with low
- Water content for example, less than 50 wt .-% water.
- further components may be added to the emulsion with stirring, such as polyols, flavorings, dyes, preservatives and / or active ingredients. In this case, subsequent emulsification may be required. Preferably, an addition of further components is omitted.
- PPS can be detected by checking the prevention of oil droplet aggregation with pH reduction (particle size determination with and without addition of Na dodecyl sulfate), pH measurement and phase stability with a longer service life (stability against segregation).
- PPS of variants B and C can additionally by the
- the liquid viscous consistency emulsion is used by slow mixing with a flowable to liquid base having preferably acidic pH such as dressings or buffer solutions for, for example, biologically active proteins, or may be used immediately or further processed to the desired product to obtain. While in most applications PPS is advantageously mixed into the respective base, it has proven advantageous to slowly mix strong acid solutions in PPS, so that the pH reduction is not "shock-like".
- the emulsion is incorporated with creamy to pasty consistency in a viscous, pasty, spreadable or doughy base with preferably neutral pH to obtain the corresponding product.
- the pH may be lowered prior to further processing of the food base, for example by acidification with an acid otherwise customary for the product, such as lactic acid or citric acid.
- the emulsion itself forms the matrix for the product, for example as an ointment or cream, in which active ingredients suitable for the respective application are incorporated.
- this can also take place during the production process of the emulsion, for example as part of the oil, protein or polysaccharide component.
- PPS can be easily dried to mix with other components such as food ingredients, active ingredients or building materials on a dry basis.
- drying methods There are several drying methods available; See also Examples 12 and 13. Depending on the specific requirements of the intermediate or end product, the appropriate method should be selected. If convenience properties (e.g., ease of solubility) are desired and are not yet provided by the drying method chosen, other methods, such as e.g. Agglomerate connect.
- the dried emulsion is then incorporated into a dry or dried composition with other ingredients to obtain the corresponding product.
- the emulsion may also be incorporated with the other ingredients of the composition and subsequently dried or freeze-dried.
- FIG. 2 Schematic representation of the preparation of the emulsion used in the process according to the invention using PPS7 (A) and PPS20 (B) and various sources of protein and polysaccharide.
- Figure 2C illustrates the production of PPS24 from the use of whey protein hydrolysates and apple pectin extract.
- FIG. 2D illustrates the production of PPS with vegetable oil or vegetable fat.
- Fig. 2E an embodiment for the production of PPS with vegetable oil or cream is illustrated.
- Fig. 3 Schematic representation of the inventive method for producing a sensory, functional and / or nutritional physiological
- the emulsion obtained basically has a neutral pH and should have a particle size of X 50 ⁇ 10 ⁇ m, preferably ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ m. If desired, the emulsion can be adjusted to the desired pH before further processing, for example by acidification with 0.1% by weight of citric acid (10% strength solution), lactic acid or ascorbic acid. The acid is added slowly with stirring.
- citric acid (10% strength solution) lactic acid or ascorbic acid. The acid is added slowly with stirring.
- the methods of variants B and C allow the preparation of high oil and very high polysaccharide emulsions. such
- Emulsions are particularly suitable as an additive for foods with low water content, for example, less than 50 wt .-% water.
- E 1 If desired, further components may be added to the emulsion with stirring, such as polyols, flavorings, dyes and / or preservatives. In this case, subsequent emulsification may be required. Preferably, an addition of further components is omitted.
- stirring such as polyols, flavorings, dyes and / or preservatives.
- subsequent emulsification may be required.
- an addition of further components is omitted.
- the PPS variants indicated in the following tables, examples and figures are preferably used in the indicated concentration ranges.
- PPS can be detected by checking the prevention of oil droplet aggregation with pH reduction (particle size determination with and without Na-Dodecylsulfat- addition) and the pH measurement and phase stability with longer life (stability against segregation).
- PPS of variants B and C may additionally be identified by the presence of polysaccharide in the oil phase; See also the following general description of the method according to the invention. Production of foods
- E 2 The emulsion is used by slow mixing with a flowable to liquid food base having preferably acidic pH such as juices, tomato paste, dressings, or may be used immediately as a foodstuff or further processed to obtain the corresponding food product; see, for example, the table in FIG. 6. While PPS is advantageously mixed into the respective food base in most applications, it has proven advantageous to slowly mix strongly acidic foods (eg wild fruit juices) into PPS so that the pH reduction is not "shock-like". he follows.
- acidic pH such as juices, tomato paste, dressings, or may be used immediately as a foodstuff or further processed to obtain the corresponding food product; see, for example, the table in FIG. 6.
- PPS is advantageously mixed into the respective food base in most applications, it has proven advantageous to slowly mix strongly acidic foods (eg wild fruit juices) into PPS so that the pH reduction is not "shock-like". he follows.
- E 3 The emulsion is incorporated into a viscous, pasty, spreadable or doughy food base preferably having neutral pH to obtain the corresponding food product; See, for example, the table in Fig. 5. Prior to further processing of the food base can at
- PH needs to be lowered, for example by acidification with an otherwise common for the food acid such as lactic acid or
- the appropriate method should be selected. If convenience properties (eg easy solubility) are desired and these are not yet provided by the selected drying process, further processes, such as agglomeration, are to be connected.
- the dried emulsion is then incorporated into a dry food base to obtain the corresponding food product; for example, see the table in Fig. 7.
- the emulsion may be incorporated into the food base and subsequently dried or freeze-dried also according to the embodiments in E3.
- Fig. 4 Applications for PPS with whey protein in combination with Na-CMC (CM) or highly esterified pectin (PE) with indication of PPS variant and concentration range.
- CM Na-CMC
- PE highly esterified pectin
- Fig. 5 Table for liquid and flowable foods according to the invention.
- Fig. 6 Table for flowable, viscous, pasty, spreadable, doughy and sliced food according to the invention or their starting point.
- Fig. 7 Table for liquid and flowable foods according to the invention.
- the present invention relates to an agent, i. Emulsion (hereinafter also referred to as "PPS”), which is suitable in the manufacture of a variety of products, which are characterized by being creamy, lubricious and / or consistent and in the case of food products have a full mouthfeel and nutritional needs become.
- PPS Emulsion
- the present invention relates to a process for preparing a phase-stable oil-in-water (OAV) emulsion having a dry matter content between 5 and 60% by weight, containing, based on the total weight of the emulsion, the following components: (i) 0.2- 10.0% by weight protein;
- the particle size of the dispersed oil or fat droplets in the distribution maximum is preferably X50.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ m (volume median value).
- the amount of water in the liquid or fluid is in the range of from 20 to 95% by weight, more preferably from 30 to 80% by weight.
- the reduction in dry weight of PSS below 60% by weight is usually achieved essentially by reducing the oil or fat content while the respective protein and polysaccharide content remains substantially constant.
- the emulsion of the invention is characterized by aggregation and phase stability and creamy consistency.
- the present invention is based on the surprising observation that a large number of products can be modified and produced by an emulsion consisting essentially of only three components, ie protein, polar polysaccharide and liquid lipid (oil, liquid fat), see also the examples, which have not been satisfactorily produced today with commercial oil / fat emulsions and emulsifiers, inter alia, due to flocculation of the dispersed fatty phase, phase instability or water separation.
- the subject of the present invention is mainly described by the use of an emulsion containing pectin, (PE), Na-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and Na-alginate (AIg) as polysaccharide component and whey protein (MPI) and lupine protein (Lup) as protein component.
- PE pectin
- CMC Calycin
- AIg Na-carboxymethylcellulose
- AIg Na-alginate
- MPI whey protein
- Lup lupine protein
- the embodiments described herein include embodiments in which the emulsion used contains alternative or equivalent polysaccharide and protein components.
- an embodiment of the present invention or features thereof described herein may be combined with one or more other embodiments described herein and features thereof, unless the respective embodiments are excluded.
- the emulsion used in the process according to the invention can in principle be prepared by two or three processes, as outlined in FIGS. 1 and 3 and explained by the legend to FIGS. 1 and 3.
- the emulsion is obtainable by dispersing a phase consisting essentially of the fat / oil component (oil phase) into an aqueous phase containing the protein and polysaccharide; see also Example 1 and Fig. 2.
- the emulsion is obtained by mixing the oil phase with the polysaccharide and then dispersing it in an aqueous phase containing the protein; see also Example 2.
- part of the intended amount of polysaccharide according to variant B is introduced into the oil phase and the oil and polysaccharide phase according to variant A is dispersed in the aqueous phase containing protein and polysaccharide , wherein preferably their amount of polysaccharide is adjusted according to the already in the oil phase containing amount of polysaccharide.
- a process for the preparation of an emulsion according to variant A is described in the German application DE 10 2006 019 241 A1, wherein initially without acid addition an oil phase and a biopolymer mixture consisting of an aqueous phase with proteins (eg whey proteins) and a Polysaccharide (eg, Na carboxymethylcellulose or amidated low methylester pectin) are mixed to a neutral emulsion and then the pH of this emulsion is lowered after addition to an acidic aqueous phase.
- proteins eg whey proteins
- a Polysaccharide eg, Na carboxymethylcellulose or amidated low methylester pectin
- DE 10 2006 019 241 A1 as well as in the supplementary application DE 10 2006 058 506 A1 based thereon, the use of the emulsion described there is described merely as an additive for acidic non-alcoholic and alcoholic cold drinks.
- the emulsions and / or processes for the preparation of cold drinks described in DE 10 2006 019 241 A1 and DE 10 2006 058 506 A1 are expressly excluded.
- an emulsion according to DE 10 2006 019 241 Al or DE 10 2006 058 506 Al is prepared, but instead of whey proteins, a vegetable protein is used.
- the pH of the emulsion in contrast to the process of DE 10 2006 019 241 A1, it is not necessary to lower the pH of the emulsion for further use in the preparation of the desired product.
- an acidic or pH-neutral emulsion is used, the pH value being determined by the polysaccharide used and the buffering capacity of the protein.
- the pH of the emulsion is in the neutral range (pH 6.9-7.6)
- the pH of the emulsions prepared with pectin eg highly esterified pectin
- PPS is produced without any reduction in the pH due to subsequent acid addition.
- an aqueous protein-polysaccharide phase is prepared by mixing a solution containing the protein into a solution containing the polysaccharide, see also the scheme for variant A in FIGS. 1 and 3.
- the polysaccharide used in the emulsion is a pectin product.
- the pectin used is highly esterified pectin.
- the polysaccharide used in the emulsion is Na-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC).
- the oil phase of the emulsion contains a flavoring oil. If a very low emulsion emulsion prepared according to the present invention is to be used for food flavoring or fragrance of cosmetics containing a flavoring oil, the emulsion used should be stable even at high dilution.
- the German application DE 10 2007 026 090 A1 describes the preparation of cloudy light drinks in which an emulsion is used, consisting of an oil phase and an aqueous phase containing protein and polysaccharide, in which the oil phase of the emulsion contains at least one flavoring oil which is preferably made from processed, shelled oilseeds with plant parts of herbal and / or aromatic plants and / or fruits, and a density of more than 0.850 to 1.135 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.995 to 1.020 g / cm 3 .
- Such an emulsion is prepared as described in DE 10 2006 019 241 A1 from an oil phase and an aqueous phase, initially oil-free and a biopolymer mixture consisting of an aqueous phase with proteins, preferably whey proteins, and a polysaccharide, preferably sodium Carboxymethylcellulose or amidated low methylester pectin, are mixed to a neutral emulsion and then the pH of this emulsion is lowered after addition to an acidic aqueous phase.
- proteins preferably whey proteins
- a polysaccharide preferably sodium Carboxymethylcellulose or amidated low methylester pectin
- one or more flavoring oils prepared from processed, shelled oilseeds with plant parts of herbal and / or aromatic plants and / or fruits and / or other, preferably vegetable, oils are used for the emulsion formation flavoring oils used.
- the flavoring oils with a Glycerinester the fractionated vegetable fatty acids C8 and C 0, which is linked to succinic acid and a density of 1.00 to 1.02 g / cm 3 are having (z. B. Miglyol ® 829, Sasol Germany GmbH), mixed and increased in density.
- oil or fat components capable of increasing the density of the oily phase containing the taste-affecting oils in the range of 0.850 to 1.135 g / cm 3, preferably 0.995 to 1.020 g / cm 3, may be used in the present invention
- the use of an emulsion as described in DE 10 2007 026 090 A1 is excluded for the production of beverages, in particular light drinks.
- an emulsion is used which is prepared according to DE 10 2007 026 090 A1, but using a vegetable protein instead of whey proteins.
- the aqueous phase of the emulsion used contains polyol.
- a polyol such as granulated sugar facilitates dispersing Na-CMC and reduces the heat sensitivity of the whey protein.
- the use of a process system for emulsion preparation may in principle omit the presence of a polyol
- a polyol ie, sugar (eg, sucrose, sorbitol or isomalt)
- sugar eg, sucrose, sorbitol or isomalt
- sorbitol also leads to lower water activity (better microbiological shelf life) and isomalt to lower hygroscopicity of dried emulsions.
- the presence of isomaltulose (Palatinose) in the emulsion used is also advantageous for the production of food products where prolonged energy supply is desired (sports drinks).
- the oil phase of the emulsion used contains a weighting agent, for example sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB).
- SAIB sucrose acetate isobutyrate
- succinic acid esters of fatty acid glycerides can also be used as the weighting agent or a polysaccharide bound in the oil phase; see the above-discussed DE 10 2007 057 258.3 and Example 2.
- the emulsion used is substantially free of synthetic emulsifiers, weighters, and / or polyols.
- synthetic emulsifiers for example, in the emulsion preparation with the FrymaKoruma process plant (ROMACO, FrymaKoruma GmbH, Neucul, Germany), the presence of a polyol in the emulsion is not required because the high shear forces do not cause the above-discussed lumping.
- the emulsion used is substantially free of flavoring oil components, flavorings, dyes, preservatives, acids and / or other excipients.
- the protein used in the emulsion is a vegetable protein.
- DE 10 2006 019 241 A1, DE 10 2006 058 506 A1 and DE 10 2007 026 090 A1 have described the preparation of an emulsion which was prepared exclusively with whey proteins and was only intended for use in the production of beverages.
- emulsions can be prepared which instead of whey proteins contain plant proteins such as lupine proteins, whereby, for example, allergic reactions to products with whey proteins, under which consumers can suffer, are avoided in these emulsions.
- plant proteins such as lupine proteins
- pea protein, soy protein or potato protein in the emulsion can be influenced on the amino acid composition, thus providing a nutritionally-altered food.
- products can be produced on a purely vegetable basis.
- the constituents are essentially of vegetable origin.
- the polysaccharide used is Na carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or pectin (PE).
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- PE pectin
- pectin and Na-CMC are carbohydrates, they are not taken into account in the nutritional calculation because they are pure fiber and are not metabolized directly.
- pectin is also found to contain nutritional information (e.g., 100 kcal or 425 kJ per 100 g) when the pectin contains sugar for standardization (for uniform gel strength).
- the addition of sugar to the pectin is very different, in the example mentioned for the nutritional information, the sugar content is about 25%.
- no further carbohydrate additions are preferably carried out to set the desired properties.
- the pectin used to prepare the emulsion is highly esterified (HV) or amidated low-ester pectin (P-am).
- HV highly esterified
- P-am amidated low-ester pectin
- the pectin used in the emulsion is highly esterified pectin.
- the ratio of protein to polysaccharide is 4: 1 to 1: 4, with the emulsion preferably containing essentially 0.75-5.0% by weight protein, 0.5-2.5% by weight. % Polysaccharide and 5.0-50.0% by weight fat / oil component. If a higher polysaccharide content (e.g., pectin) is desired, this can be accomplished by adding to the oil phase prior to emulsion preparation according to the embodiments B or C illustrated in Figures 1 and 3 and illustrated in the figure.
- a higher polysaccharide content e.g., pectin
- the present invention is based on the surprising observation that essentially only three components, i. E. Protein, polar polysaccharide and neutral vegetable oil emulsion can change and produce a variety of products, see also the examples.
- the emulsion consists essentially of the components protein, polysaccharide and oil. Particularly preferred compositions are summarized in Table 1 below.
- Table 1 Preferred compositions of the emulsion according to the invention used together with typing under the name "PPS" according to the dry mass of the emulsion.
- PPS compositions can also be taken from the examples and figures.
- the amount of fat / oil components preferably remains unchanged, with deviations of max. 10% tolerated.
- the ratio of protein to polysaccharide in the aqueous phase is 1: 1 to 1: 1, 25.
- the emulsion used has substantially one of the compositions shown in Table 2.
- Table 2 Preferred compositions of the emulsion according to the invention used together with typing under the name "PPS" according to the dry matter of the emulsion.
- the mass ratio protein / polysaccharide in the emulsion used can vary by 1: 1, as indicated in DE 10 2006 019 241 A1 (1: 0.25 to 1: 2.0). This essentially applies to the combination of protein with pectin and Na-CMC, while for the combinations of protein with other polysaccharides it is offers to carry out appropriate preliminary tests.
- the dry matter of the emulsion used is preferably between 7.0 and 55.0 wt .-%. In a preferred embodiment, the dry matter is 25% of a standard formulation or optionally up to 50%.
- the emulsion preferably contains more than 1.5% by weight protein and / or more than 1.0% by weight, preferably more than 1.5% by weight, of polysaccharide, the dry matter (TS) preferably, a total of about 20 wt .-% or greater.
- the emulsion preferably contains at least 2.0% by weight of protein and / or at least 2.0% by weight of polysaccharide.
- the particle size of the emulsion obtainable by the process according to the invention is preferably X503 ⁇ 5 ⁇ m, more preferably X 503 ⁇ 1.5. This particle size is sufficient if the emulsion is used to higher viscosity products, especially with the aim of consistency control. Such emulsions with a particle size ⁇ 1.5 microns also give a higher degree of turbidity on dilution and have a slower Aufrahm Anthony on.
- the emulsification experiments with a process plant show that, under certain emulsifying conditions, the tooth-rim dispersing principle can lead to even smaller droplets in emulsions.
- the emulsion of the invention is over a long period, i. at least three months, preferably six months, more preferably 12 months and advantageously 24 months in closed package when stored frozen at -18 ° C and stable, i. that no phase separation occurs before use.
- the moist product as well as preferably the dry product should be stored cool before use and protected from direct sunlight.
- the emulsion according to the invention can be used without further processing as thickening agent, suspending agent, binder, water retention agent and for lowering the fat content.
- PPS may be dried, for example, in a spray dryer using standard dairy conditions.
- Another advantage is the freeze-drying.
- the first step is to freeze the emulsion to perform lyophilization.
- a high freezing stability to avoid large crystal formation, which can lead to the destruction of the interface to the oil droplets and thus to the droplet coalescence, advantageous.
- Addition of polyol such as sugar, in particular in the form of mono- or disaccharides (as "cryoprotectant agent”) can increase the freezing stability.
- This embodiment is particularly advantageous for instant products in which the emulsion used can effect lightening of coffee and tea beverages as an imitation of milk additive.
- instant products of the prior art in which milk substitutes are used for this purpose, this is achieved in particular by the combination of proteins with low molecular weight emulsifiers.
- the emulsion used in the present invention can advantageously be dispensed with the addition of low molecular weight emulsifiers.
- a composition of PPS is considered dry for purposes of the invention when its moisture content (free water content) is less than about 20%.
- the products obtained are dried to about 5 to 12% moisture. Dry compositions may then be comminuted, milled or pulverized to any desired particle size.
- the proportion by weight of PPS in dry mixtures is from 0.1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 2.0 to 98% by weight, more preferably from 5 to 90% by weight, and particularly preferably from 50 to 50% by weight 80% by weight.
- Dried products can be easily redissolved in water by high shear mixing to give the useful aqueous compositions of the present invention.
- water is added to essentially pure PPS-based dry compositions, essentially the respective starting emulsion or, when larger amounts of water are added, a corresponding dilution of the respective PPS type is produced.
- compositions of the present invention have unique properties that can be tailored by appropriate selection of ingredients, proportions, and processing conditions for specific end uses. These compositions predominantly hydrate rapidly and give distributions which are not only smooth and more or less viscous depending on typing, but also have excellent creaminess and very good film-forming properties with low sliding resistance.
- compositions of the present invention having a higher solid fat content to give viscous pastes at room temperature become sufficiently thin upon heat so that they can be cast. Heated compositions then solidify again after cooling. These properties are similar to those of a typical meltable fat or shortening.
- the biopolymer / oil emulsion is made with solids contents exceeding about 30%, the resulting products tend to be thick and well adherent, favoring use as a coating emulsion and film-forming agent, and their use as a light adhesive also seems feasible leaves.
- PPS7-PE is useful as a liquid viscous, odorless, and slightly acidic emulsion especially for liquid formulations such as tinctures and lotions
- PPS7-CM and PPS20-PE are more thick and tasteless emulsions for gels and flowable matrix of active ingredients in capsules.
- PPS20-CM as a thick creamy, low-flow emulsion
- PPS34-PE, PPS34-CM, PPS51-PE and PPS51-CM as thick-cream odorless and taste-neutral pastes are particularly advantageous for the preparation of ointments, creams, sealants, etc.
- the higher concentrated PPS types can be diluted and also used in liquid formulations.
- influence on the viscosity are taken by the proportion of polysaccharides in the oil phase is increased.
- the adjustment of the particle size can influence whether PPS is more or less oily in solid to dry form.
- results of spray drying of PPS show that as the particle size of the oil drops decreases the powders become "drier", ie dry at about 1 micron, while at a particle size of about 5 microns PPS is more oily and is easier to rub in this form , which is advantageous in the application of PPS as a cream, ointment or make-up powder.
- the variety of properties of the compositions of the invention thus make them suitable for the preparation of a variety of products in which emulsions are typically used.
- compositions of the invention include, but are not limited to, formulations in which compositions of the invention may be incorporated, sour cream, yoghurt, ice cream, cheese, cream cheese, baking mix, biscuits, dry roasted peanut coatings, salad dressings, meats, margarine, powdered shortening, pasta, Ready-to-serve gravy and confectionery.
- the compositions may be formulated at about 5% to about 60% fat, based on the weight of the emulsion.
- the compositions of the present invention are useful as carriers of volatile flavors and aromas and as low-fat coatings to enhance the taste and easy "puffing" of popcorn in a microwave oven.
- the present invention relates to the use of PPS in the manufacture of food and beverage products characterized by a creamy, lubricious, consistent and / or full mouthfeel that meets nutritional needs.
- a process for producing a food modified in its sensory, techno-functional and / or nutritional properties comprising providing an oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion substantially as described above, based on the total weight of the emulsion the following components: (i) 0.2-10.0% by weight protein;
- the emulsion is present in a ratio of at least 1% by weight, more preferably at least 2.5% by weight, even more preferably at least 5% by weight, and most preferably at least 10% by weight.
- the amount of water of the food base in liquid or fluid is in the range of 20 to 95% by weight, more preferably 30 to 90% by weight.
- This aspect of the present invention is based on the surprising observation that a plurality of foodstuffs can be modified and produced by an emulsion consisting essentially of only three components, ie protein, polar polysaccharide and liquid lipid (oil, liquid fat), see also US Pat Examples which have not been satisfactorily produced today with commercial oil / fat emulsions and emulsifiers, inter alia, due to flocculation of the dispersed fatty phase, phase instability or water separation.
- This object of the present invention is mainly described by the use of an emulsion comprising pectin, (PE), Na-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and Na-alginate (AIg) as polysaccharide component and whey protein (MPI) and lupine protein (Lup) as protein Component contains.
- PE pectin
- CMC Na-carboxymethylcellulose
- AIg Na-alginate
- MPI whey protein
- Lup lupine protein
- the embodiments described herein include equally embodiments, in which the emulsion used contains alternative or equivalent polysaccharide and protein components.
- an embodiment of the present invention described herein or features thereof may be combined with one or more other embodiments described herein and features thereof, unless the respective embodiments are not exclusive.
- the food base into which the emulsion is incorporated according to the invention normally has substantially neutral or preferably acidic pH.
- the pH can be lowered.
- the foods may be prepared by any suitable conventional technique according to the type of food composition. Such techniques are well known to those skilled in the art and need not be further described here, but may include mixing, blending, extrusion homogenizing, high pressure homogenizing, emulsifying or dispersing.
- the foods may be subjected to a heat treatment step, for example pasteurization or UHT treatment.
- the resulting foodstuff can be packed in a suitable container and / or stored under suitable conditions.
- the present invention further relates to the foods obtained by the process according to the invention, for example selected from dairy products, puddings, smoothies, confectionery, delicatessen products, soups, sauces, marinades, baby food, ice cream products, meat products, bakery products, biscuit creams, or pasta and in particular the foods and food classes listed in the tables of Figs.
- the food according to the invention is an instant product; See also the tables in FIGS. 4 and 7.
- the resulting foodstuffs according to the invention can be distinguished from conventional food products or the food base used the detection of PPS preferably distinguished by a creamy and full mouthfeel and / or an increased homogeneous consistency.
- the present invention also relates in particular to methods for producing low-calorie and reduced-calorie foods compared to conventional products, in particular dietetic food products and drinks such as "near-water”, fruit shakes and "sgroppino", and in particular milk drinks such as "health milk” and "lactose-free milk”.
- the present invention relates to food products having improved physical and sensory properties, and which are suitable for use as meal replacement products, for example as described in international application WO2005 / 023017, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference into the present application. Accordingly, the present invention also relates to food compositions of WO2005 / 023017, which according to the invention additionally or alternatively to, for example, the otherwise used gelatin contains PPS, as indicated in the tables of FIGS. 4 to 7 for individual food classes. As described in Examples 4 and 5, according to the invention, food products can also be produced or changed in quality by the addition of PPS.
- the PPS type used can form the essential basis for certain food products. Accordingly, calorie-controlled products with set energy density can be produced which retain their sensory properties even after prolonged storage.
- the present invention therefore also relates to foods which can be produced by the process according to the invention and whose dry matter consists essentially of PPS.
- the dry matter of PPS in the foodstuff is> 50% by weight, preferably> 75% by weight, more preferably 90% by weight or optionally up to 95% by weight.
- the present invention relates The invention relates to a food composition comprising a skimmed milk containing 5-10% by weight of PPS20 and optionally a flavoring agent, a polyol and / or an essential fatty acid.
- this preferably comprises added vitamins selected from at least one of vitamin A, from the vitamin B complex (vitamin Bi, vitamin B 2 , pantothenic acid, vitamin B 6 , biotin, p-aminobenzoic acid, Choline, inositol, folic acid, vitamin Bi 2 ), L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C), vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K.
- vitamins selected from at least one of vitamin A, from the vitamin B complex (vitamin Bi, vitamin B 2 , pantothenic acid, vitamin B 6 , biotin, p-aminobenzoic acid, Choline, inositol, folic acid, vitamin Bi 2 ), L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C), vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K.
- vitamins selected from at least one of vitamin A, from the vitamin B complex (vitamin Bi, vitamin B 2 , pantothenic acid, vitamin B 6 , biotin, p-aminobenzoic acid, Choline, inosito
- the vitamins and / or minerals may be added by the use of vitamin premixes, mineral premixes and mixtures thereof or alternatively they may be added individually.
- the vitamins and minerals must be provided in the composition in a format that allows them to be absorbed by the consumer and thus must have good bioavailability.
- compositions of the present invention are useful as carriers or vehicles in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and personal care product formulations.
- formulations include, without limitation, care products such as hand and body lotions and creams, bath oils, shampoos and hair conditioners, sun lotions, lipsticks, eye shadows, talcum powder, foot powders, medicinal oils, vitamins, antibiotics, antifungals and the like.
- care products such as hand and body lotions and creams, bath oils, shampoos and hair conditioners, sun lotions, lipsticks, eye shadows, talcum powder, foot powders, medicinal oils, vitamins, antibiotics, antifungals and the like.
- PPS20 50% by weight of PPS20 are used as the basic substance and the ingredients of creams and ointments otherwise customary in the prior art are added.
- PPS may contain, as a pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition, the following constituents individually or else in any combination: hydrophilically modified silicones; Plant extracts; Amino acids, peptides, proteins and their derivatives; oligonucleotides; other polymers; vitamins; flavonoids; isoflavones; Ubiquinol compounds; UV filter substances; serum regulating agents; deodorants; Antioxidants.
- compositions are similarly useful as carriers for antifungals, herbicides, nematocides, growth regulators, hormones, fertilizers, germination stimulators and other agents as known in the art.
- PPS is useful in the food industry to emulsify other oils or volatile agents, flavors, fragrances, fresh fruit extracts and the like.
- PPS can also be used in agriculture, as a coating for fruits and vegetables to delay spoilage or inhibit oxidation, and could also be used to protect buds and bulbs.
- PPS is considered in the production of fertilizers.
- Industrial applications for PPS include the formulation of coating agents, adhesives, window sizing, as thickeners for paints, inks, polishes, tinctures, paint removers, detergents, lubricants, toners and drilling muds, binders in concrete and sealants, and as fillers in plastic formulations with improved compatibility with hydrophobic additives and plastics.
- the present invention also relates to PPS-based building material dry blends and their use.
- building material dry mixtures based on calcium sulfate are known; See, for example, German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2007 027 477 A1, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference into the present specification.
- PPS can be used in such building material dry mixtures, for example to partially replace calcium sulfate and / or to contribute to water retention.
- the building material dry mixture according to the invention can be used, for example, as a joint filler for gypsum boards but also as a filler and gypsum plaster.
- PPS is a retarding agent in one Building dry mixture containing 0.01 to 2.0 weight percent.
- For further possible components of the building material dry mixture see the published patent application DE 10 2007 027 477 Al.
- PPS is used in a detergent, for example as a tablet, powder, granule, liquid, gel or in single portions.
- PPS will be used by selecting appropriate oils as the skin care compound of a detergent portion, as described for example in German Patent Application DE 10 2006 029 837 Al, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference into the present specification.
- PPS can be used as a component of the system for controlling the solubility of the detergent-active substances as described in DE 10 2006 029 837 Al.
- Formulations of PPS can be made by any suitable conventional technique according to the type of composition. Such techniques are well known to those skilled in the art and need not be further described here, but may include blending, mixing, extrusion homogenizing, high pressure homogenizing, emulsifying, dispersing or extruding. Foodstuffs may be subjected to a heat treatment step, for example pasteurization or UHT treatment. Finally, in another embodiment of the invention, PPS or the formulation obtained with PPS can be packed in a suitable container and / or stored under suitable conditions.
- Miglyol ® 812 neutral oil MCT
- density 0.9400 g / cm 3 Sasol Germany GmbH
- D Neutral oil Miglyol ® 829 density 1.010 g / cm 3, Sasol Germany GmbH
- D Rapso rapeseed oil density 0.920 g / cm 3, VOG AG, A
- Deionized water (electrical conductivity: ⁇ 2 ⁇ S / cm) or tap water with low hardness
- SAIB sucrose diacetate hexaisobutyrat
- Aldrich W51.810-7-K density 1.1460 g / cm 3
- Sigma-Aldrich D
- the desired oil drop size distribution is an important parameter.
- the Coulter Electronics LS 100 measuring device laser diffraction system, measuring range 0.4-900 ⁇ m, wavelength 750 nm
- the distribution of the particles of the O / W emulsions was measured in distilled water with and without the addition of SDS (Na dodecyl sulfate).
- the indication of the volume-related median value X 50 is preferably used here. He states that 50% of the drop volume is taken by drops smaller than the indicated X50 drop diameter. In order for the indication to refer to the volume median value, the further indication Xso3- Creaming or phase stability
- each 10 ml of these emulsions were filled into a graduated centrifuge tube. After 60 and 120 minutes (or after longer periods of time), the precipitated serum of the applied emulsion or of the oil phase was determined. Furthermore, the phase change with respect to segregation was observed over time (up to 14 days storage at + 16 ° C).
- a cone-plate measuring system was used (Rheostress RS 300, THERMO HAAKE, Düsseldorf). For this purpose, a cone with a diameter of 60 mm and an angle of 1 ° was used. The measuring temperature was 23 ° C. About 1 ml of the sample was placed on the plate and tempered for 3 min (thermostat DC30, HAAKE). The shear rate was continuously increased from 0 to 100 s "1.
- 0.05 ml of emulsion are diluted in 7 ml of deionized water and the degree of turbidity subjectively assessed and documented by photo. This was done even after adding 0.1 ml of 10% citric acid to 7 ml of dilute emulsion solution.
- the neutral emulsions were mixed in a ratio of 2: 1 (emulsion: juice) with wild-fruit juice (Aronia juice, pH 2.9, Kelterei Walter GmbH and Co KG, 01477 Arnsdorf) and characterized in terms of phase stability and mouthfeel (consistency).
- Protein and polysaccharide and optionally a polyol are dissolved in the amounts indicated in Tables 1 and 2 above using a stirrer separately at 50 ° C or 70 0 C in water, and then mixed (aqueous phase), wherein the aqueous phase preferably by mixing a solution containing the protein into a solution containing the polysaccharide; See also Fig. 1 and 3.
- the oil or fat component and possibly a flavoring oil component are heated to about 50 ° C or until all the fat has melted at 60 ° C (oil phase).
- an oil component is preferably sunflower oil or rapeseed oil and possibly as a flavoring oil component herbal or pulp oil.
- the polysaccharide solution is pasteurized by heating to 95 ° C (10 minutes) before use.
- the oil phase is then dispersed in the aqueous phase, for example by means of a star-shaped stirrer at 1500 rpm and a temperature of below 60 ° C., preferably at 40-45 ° C., more preferably at approximately 30 ° C., into the aqueous phase and mixed with a rotor.
- Stator emulsifier for example, CAT-X620, M. Zipperer GmbH, Staufen
- Stator emulsifier for example, CAT-X620, M. Zipperer GmbH, Staufen
- a median particle size in the range of preferably X 50 ⁇ 10 microns, preferably ⁇ 1.5 microns and more preferably ⁇ 1.2 microns is achieved.
- finely emulsify with a high pressure emulsifier such as EmulsiFlex C5 (20 to 50 MPa, AVESTIN, Canada) or other pressure homogenizer to achieve the desired particle size.
- a particularly small particle size is advantageous (preferably ⁇ 1 ⁇ m).
- PPS PPS
- a particularly small particle size is advantageous (preferably ⁇ 1 ⁇ m).
- When added to a high-viscosity food base also satisfies an average particle size of about 5 microns.
- MaxxD 200 Fluorescence Desorption 200
- a highly viscous emulsion PPS 20 CMS can be selected by selecting the appropriate ring gear tools with a particle size of X 50 1,2-2,5 ⁇ m are produced. This particle size is sufficient if the emulsion is used to higher viscosity products, especially with the aim of consistency control.
- the pH of the resulting emulsions with polysaccharides and proteins which have a neutral pH is in the range around pH 7.0.
- an acidic pH polysaccharide e.g., highly esterified pectin
- the pH after obtaining the emulsion may be about pH 4.4 to 4.8.
- the neutral and also the acidic pH range emulsion can be further lowered in pH for example by adding a 10% acid such as citric acid. Preferably, however, the addition of acid is omitted.
- PPS is used, in whose production is dispensed with an acid addition.
- a pasteurization can connect, preferably at about 85 0 C, more preferably a heat treatment at about 75 ° C.
- the emulsion is preferably filled at about 6O 0 C in sterile containers.
- the selected% values are mean values which may differ in individual cases.
- PPS with x% DM dry substance
- 10%, 20% and 30% PPS20 were incorporated as an adjunct or blending component of the subsequent products to determine the amount or concentration of PPS sufficient for the consistency of a selected food.
- the products were evaluated and tasted for water separation and, in the case of food, for mouthfeel before and after addition of PPS20 by at least three persons.
- PPS consists essentially of a protein, a polar polysaccharide and an oil or fat, and is characterized inter alia in that (a) flocculation of the oil drops is avoided, (b) there is no protein-polysaccharide incompatibility, c) no insoluble protein-polysaccharide complexes are formed with low water binding and (d) the oil drops remain well distributed in the protein-polysaccharide phase.
- a detection method for PPS may be to dilute a neutral emulsion or to lower it undiluted in pH or to dilute an acidic emulsion and to perform a zeta potential measurement. In the case of PPS, acid addition does not cause spontaneous flocculation.
- PPS may contain proteins, usually at pH lowering precipitate (eg casein, vegetable protein). PPS containing whey protein remains relatively stable even after heating (above 70 0 C) in the acidic pH range, if more neutral hydrocolloids are included, which contribute to the viscosity increase and emulsion stabilization. Here it is therefore necessary to perform such a stability test after dilution of PPS.
- the oil phase of PPS in which the oil phase is enriched with a polysaccharide (preferably unstandardized pectin) prior to emulsion formation, part of the polysaccharide remains in the oil phase and carries to the higher density of the oil phase. Accordingly, the oil phase of PPS, after dilution of PPS and separation of the oil phase by centrifugation (optionally with the addition of proteases or SDS), has an increased density (for example> 0.92 g / cm 3 ) over an oil phase conventional emulsion or available from variant A PPS on.
- the polysaccharides in the oil phase can be analyzed after their isolation by means of chromatographic or spectroscopic methods.
- Products prepared with PPSs of variants B and C may also have a high oil and polysaccharide, in particular pectin content.
- Pectin levels above 2-3% in the aqueous food phase are difficult to achieve in products with high dry matter through the addition of an aqueous solution. A higher pectin content is therefore facilitated by the use of PPS, in particular variants B and C.
- Example 1 Example for Providing the Emulsion PPS According to Variant A.
- rapeseed oil was dispersed in 95 ml of protein polysaccharide solution using a star-shaped stirrer (stirrer RW 16 basic, IKA laboratory technique, 1500 rpm) (slow addition by means of a 5 ml pipette), after-emulsifying for 30 seconds and then post-emulsified by means of a rotor-stator dispersing rod CAT X 620 (M.Zipperer GmbH, Staufen) at 24,000 rpm for 15 s.
- This pre-emulsion was finely emulsified using the laboratory pressure homogenizer (HH 20 with ball valve, DE 195 30 247 Al) at 8 MPa.
- FIG. 2C illustrates the production of PPS24 from the use of whey protein hydrolysates and apple pectin extract, wherein the polysaccharide preparations can be mixed with 4% sucrose to facilitate stirrability (avoidance of lump formation when added to the aqueous solution).
- preferably 2 to 4% NZMP 7080 and 3% pectin or Na-CMC are used, while Alatal 821 is preferably combined with pectin.
- Herbapekt 6 or 9% Herbapekt be added to achieve a higher pectin content (3% pectin in PPS 24).
- the fraction of relatively high molecular weight fractions (Mw 5 to 10 kDa) which can interact with the pectin is less than 35% according to experience, compared with the formulation for PPS 24 (3% pectin or Na-CMC, 2% protein, 4% sugar, 15% oil) the protein content increased from 2% to 4 or 6%.
- the preparation of the solutions and the emulsions is evident from the scheme in Fig. 2C.
- the water phase preferably consists of drinking water (16.5-19 degrees dH).
- PPS 12 for use in milk and milk substitutes in which 3% Na-CMC, 4% Bio P 50 protein and 16.50% cream with 30% fat content (equivalent to about 5% fat content) are used and PPS20 or 22 with 4% protein, 3% Na-CMC, 15% oil) for making quark desserts; see also FIG. 2D for illustration of an embodiment for its production.
- Other standard PPS variants are (with water at 100% each):
- PSS can be thermally treated, preferably 5s at 75 ° C.
- the reduction of protein content such as whey protein isolate leads to higher concentrated PPS variants such as PPS25 with pectin and PPS20 with Na-CMC to improve the heat stability (preventing coagulation at 85 0 C).
- PPS compositions listed in Table 3 are particularly heat-stable (60 min up to 90 ° C). The production of such products is illustrated, inter alia, in FIG. 2E.
- Particularly heat-stable PPS products are particularly important if they are to be heat-preserved or if these are also used as food (yoghurt, sauces, dressings, creams, etc.).
- the more viscous stable emulsions were packaged in PE bags and stored for at least 24 hours at minus 17 0 C and then at 20 0 C for 1 h. Retained.
- the stable low-viscosity emulsions (stable for at least 24 hours) were filled in 5 ml cryo-tubes and stored at -17 ° C for at least 24 hours and then stored at + 20 0 C for 1 hr.
- the appearance of the emulsion was evaluated (degree of preservation of the emulsion).
- Demixed emulsions no smooth appearance, water repellency
- the emulsions were filled in 10 ml centrifuge tubes and stored at + 16 ° C. During storage, phase stability (eg segregation, water turnover) was observed. An oil sales was not found in these studies.
- the emulsions according to the compositions given in Tables 1 and 2 and FIG. 2 were stable in phase. Phase stability was also achieved in emulsions with the polysaccharide Na alginate in the absence of Ca ions (use of 1.5% by weight alginate and 1.5% by weight whey protein). Furthermore, there is a phase stability in the exchange of whey protein against pea, soybean and lupine protein (in combination with Na-CMC and highly esterified pectin).
- Example 2 Preparation of an emulsion PPS according to variant B of the process according to the invention and its use for the production of an organic beverage
- the emulsion is preferably prepared according to the variant B according to the scheme in FIGS. 1 and 3 by mixing the oil phase with the polysaccharide with stirring, and then into an aqueous phase containing the protein by means of high pressure emulsifier is dispersed, for example, as described in the German patent application DE 10 2007 057 258.3 "oil-in-water emulsion for organic food and their preparation and use", filed on 27 November 2007, the disclosure of which, in particular the examples by reference in the description of the present application are included.
- aqueous phase of the emulsion 20 parts by weight of organic whey protein (Bio-P50, ⁇ 60% protein content, BMI / Landshut) are dissolved in 780 parts by weight of water and used to prepare the oil-in-water emulsion ( 20/80).
- 800 parts by weight of this aqueous phase 200 parts by weight of thyme-oil concentrate-pectin mixture using a rotor-stator dispersing device (CAT-X620, M. Zipperer GmbH / Staufen) incorporated at 20,500 rev / min and 1 nachemulgiert min.
- CAT-X620 rotor-stator dispersing device
- EmulsiFlex C5 (AVESTIN / Canada) is carried out at 50 MPa.
- the average droplet size d 3 2 of the oil droplets in the emulsion is 0.91 ⁇ m.
- organic agave syrup (Alfred L. Wolff Honey GmbH / Hamburg) are dissolved in 935 parts by weight of water (density ⁇ 1.014 g / cm 3 ) and 9 parts by weight of emulsion ( O / W 20/80) with pectin-containing thyme oil concentrate and distributed, then the pH reduction is carried out with 6 parts by weight of 50% hibiscus extract solution (Plantex Thread / Vestenbergsgreuth) to pH ⁇ 2.9.
- the very cloudy beverage produced in this way is bottled in beverage bottles and impregnated with CO 2 -GaS.
- the very turbid drink has a good refreshing taste of thyme and is pleasant in acidity and sweetness. After 4 weeks of storage at + 8 ° C, the strong cloudiness is still present, there is no heel on the drink and on the ground, the drink is stable in phase.
- apple pectin instead of apple pectin with 57% by volume it is also possible to use finely powdered citrus pectin CM 201 (68-76% by volume) and / or instead of thyme oil concentrate a peppermint herb oil concentrate prepared from organic peppermint herb according to DE 102 01 638 C2. Furthermore, as a sweetener instead of agave syrup 5 wt .-% wheat syrup Sipa Wheat F28 (Sipal Partners SA / Belgium). In a further example instead of herbal oil concentrate organic sea buckthorn pulp oil (Sanddorn GbR, KbA Germany) used for flavoring and after mixing with highly esterified citrus pectin CM 201 at 20 0 C, an O / W emulsion 20/80 produced. Optionally, the beverage solution to disperse the emulsion 200 parts by weight of Aloe Vera organic plant juice (Anton Hübner GmbH / Ehrenmaschinen) in 1000 parts by weight of beverage.
- the emulsion according to the invention is preferably prepared according to variant A (FIG. 1, see also example 1) and / or with vegetable protein.
- Sgroppino consisting of 80 parts by weight of milk (3.5% fat), 2.4 parts by weight of Citro-Back, 24 parts by weight of Kathi Lemon Sugar, 480 parts by weight of wine (Morio Muskat), 24 Parts by weight of vodka, optionally 16 parts by weight of Hitchcock pure lemon, are mixed with 192 parts by weight of PPS20-CM.
- Pinacolada consisting of 140 parts by weight of Pina Colada, 280 parts by weight of exotic juice (Rapp's Rosige Zeiten), 140 parts by weight of Coconut Creme (Maruhn GmbH) are mixed with 70 parts by weight of PPS20-CM.
- the above drinks a) and b) taste pleasantly creamy, develop their typical taste and are even after prolonged life phase and turbidity stable.
- Example 4 Enrichment of skim milk with vegetable oil The aim is to produce a full-bodied milk skim milk enriched with vegetable oil.
- Skimmed milk with 0.1% fat was used. As a comparison milk served with 3.8% fat content. While the skimmed milk without PPS additive tastes bland, thin and flat and has no body as well as an aqueous mouthfeel, the addition of 5% by weight of PPS20-CM leads to a distinctly creamy and creamy mouthfeel. If a further increase in the additive to 7.5 wt .-% PPS20-CM, the mouthfeed of the enriched skim milk (about 1.1 wt .-% vegetable oil) is comparable to that of whole milk with 3.8% fat content in terms of fullness.
- Example S Milk with an increased proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids
- the aim is to produce a sensory-responsive milk-skimmed milk that has additional benefits such as prebiotic properties and an increased level of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
- Example 4 skimmed milk (0.1% fat content) with 5 wt .-% PPS20-CM were set as the basis for further studies on the production of milk with health benefits for further investigations.
- the skim milk enriched in 5.3 with PPS20 and omega-3 fatty acid was able to be improved in taste by using 2% by weight of BVA and 3% by weight of sucrose, so that the good and full-bodied taste was no longer felt by the taut note was.
- the mouthfeel corresponds to that of whole milk.
- Example 6 Improvement in the consistency of yogurt with PPS
- the yogurt with 1.5% fat content was admixed with 10, 20 or 30% by weight of PPS20-CM (hand mixer).
- the sensory evaluation showed that compared with the O-sample the addition of PPS eliminates the water permeability of the non-smooth and somewhat flaky yoghurt and from 10 wt .-% PPS addition of the yoghurt significantly creamy.
- the optimum for the PPS addition is between 10 and 15% by weight.
- Buttermilk with 1% fat content was enriched with 10 to 30 wt .-% PPS20-CM. While in the sensory evaluation of the O-sample and the enriched samples, the non-enriched buttermilk was judged to be somewhat grayish, very thin, watery and somewhat uneven, the buttermilk samples showed a smooth and creamy consistency with increasing PPS content. While the taste of buttermilk is hardly influenced by PPS, the milk gets an impression similar to whole milk with increasing PPS content. The optimum is about 20 wt .-% PPS20.
- Example 9 Consistency of Kefir
- PPS 20-PE is prepared using whey protein and highly esterified pectin.
- basil oil concentrate is used as the oil phase.
- 100 parts by weight of delicatessen mayonnaise (80% fat content) are mixed with 5 parts by weight of PPS20-PE.
- the delicatessen mayonnaise is creamier, has a pleasant herbal taste and is ideal for flavoring salads. Due to its creamy quality and better lubricity, this is also well suited as tubeware.
- the flavor variations of the mayonnaise can be varied widely and adjusted in intensity via the PPS content without adversely affecting the consistency.
- Example 11 Consistency of remoulade By adding 15 parts by weight of PPS20-CM to mixtures of 160 parts by weight of delicatessen mayonnaise, 75 parts by weight of fresh chopped herbs and 100 parts by weight of whole milk, a mild remoulade can be prepared. which has a pleasant creamy and soft mouthfeel. Without the addition of PPS, the remoulade does not have the pleasantly creamy consistency.
- Such a remoulade can be adjusted well in terms of flow behavior and adhesion, if instead of the 15 parts by weight of PPS20-CM, a PPS20-PE is used, the preparation of which is carried out according to variant B or C and in which the pectin (highly esterified pectin) in the emulsion is 3% by weight (see Tab. 1).
- Mustard dressing prepared from 150 parts by weight of olive oil, 75 parts by weight of balsamic vinegar, 50 parts by weight of estrone mustard, 50 parts by weight of whole milk, 11 parts by weight of sodium chloride, 3 parts by weight of granulated sugar, 3% by weight Parts of onion powder and 1 part by weight of black pepper without the addition of PPS very unilaterally spicy and tastes a bit too intense after vinegar.
- PPS20-CM the mustard dressing is slightly thicker and the mouthfeel milder and creamier, and in the taste rounded and slightly brighter in appearance.
- Curry dip made from 250 parts by weight of creme fraiche, 250 parts by weight of whipped cream (35% fat), 20 parts by weight of curry powder (Fuchs spices), 10 parts by weight of table salt, 1 part by weight of garlic powder shows after manufacturing a non-smooth, flaky appearance. The taste is a bit one-sided and intense or strong. The addition of 10 to 15% by weight of PPS20-CM gives the product a rounder and softer flavor with creamier consistency properties.
- Example 14 Refinement of Pesto Original Pesto (with typical oil separation) becomes smoother and brighter by the addition of 10 to 15% PPS20-CM (incorporation with hand mixer). From 20% by weight, no oil separation is observed. By adding PPS20 (up to 20% by weight), in particular, the oil separation is reduced without negatively changing the strong taste.
- phase separation of tomato sauce can be eliminated by mixing in PPS20-CM (addition of 10 to 15% by weight, hand blender).
- PPS20-CM addition of 10 to 15% by weight, hand blender.
- the product becomes smoother and softer in mouthfeel and has a slightly lighter color.
- Example 16 cooked sausage
- Example 18 Consistency improvement of liver sausage
- 250 parts by weight of PPS20-CM are reduced to 1000 parts by weight of pork as in Examples 15 and 16 added.
- Compared to liver sausage without PPS20 creamy liver sausage is obtained, which in addition to the improved and excellent spreading properties has a good fat distribution and a smoother mouthfeel.
- Example 19 Canned fish with sauce (home-style fried herring in spicy marinade with 20% by weight PPS)
- Example 20 Dough and bakery products (pizza dough, containing 7.5% by weight of PPS)
- Olive oil is processed with 7.5% by weight of PPS20 into a dough. After the dough When it has risen, it is topped with tomato pieces and baked in the oven at the usual temperature. The pizza base is loose and pleasant in the taste.
- Example 21 Consistency improvement of fruit smoothies Products with 100% fruit content, such as orange, mango, passion fruit and a smoothie mixed product consisting of apple juice (41%), orange juice (16%), mango marc (15%), banana marrow (14.5 %), Passion fruit juice (7%), orange pulp (2.5%), apple pieces (2%), mango pieces (2%) were added with 7.5% by weight PPS20.
- the fortification of the smoothie products with PPS20 leads consistently to much more attractive and attractive consistency properties with regard to creaminess and mild taste (acidity less intense) and for better phase stability.
- a probiotic product consisting of water, skimmed milk, glucose-fructose syrup, maltitol syrup, dextrin, flavor, sweetener, acidulant and probiotics was spiked with 7.5% by weight PPS20.
- the product with PPS is less viscous, creamy and has a fuller comfortable mouthfeel.
- Cappucino for example, contains a high proportion (about 90%) low-fat milk, coffee extract, possibly cocoa, sugar and thickening agents (e.g., carrageenan).
- An addition of 5-8% PPS20 results in a round, harmonious taste and a significantly fuller, creamier mouthfeel, which significantly improves the sensory quality of the cappuccino.
- Example 24 Improvement of structure and texture of ice cream
- ice cream products are milk, milk fat, fruit, fruit preparations, other flavor components (eg coffee, cocoa), sugar and Additives to achieve certain effects in the final product.
- varieties such as milk ice, cream ice cream, fruit ice cream, simple ice, artificial ice cream (water ice) are realized.
- Critical to ice is the crystal structure, which arises during the freezing process and during freezing storage decisively influenced by storage temperature and especially the temperature fluctuation and is usually adversely affected. The result is a gritty-grained structure that is irreversible and worsens texture and mouthfeel. This impression can be significantly reduced by the addition of PPS, for example, PPS20 already with a few% and even prevented.
- PPS for example, PPS20 already with a few% and even prevented.
- there are a number of sensible uses of PPS in the ice cream field Examples are above all: Reduction of fat and energy content Reduction and complete replacement of additives Production of lactose free ice Realization of completely new products and recipes
- Convenience also plays an important role in the production of dry products. This starts with the use of precursors and compounds as intermediates for then liquid or pasty final products and ends with complete products that are only available in e.g. To dissolve water or milk.
- Drying methods are all based on the more or less gentle removal of water. So there are also for the PPS drying process in question, from drum drying on the widely applicable spray drying to more expensive freeze-drying. In drum drying, PPS flakes are formed, which after rewetting have the same chemical-physical properties as non-dried PPS. For spray drying, PPS with a TS content of more than 40% should be used. Spray drying results in PPS beads which do not satisfy instant requirements in solubility but also have all the relevant properties fresh after water uptake such as PPS.
- Freeze-drying enables a PPS dry product that meets all requirements. But since the aroma plays no role in PPS and freeze-drying is the most expensive Drying variant, one will try to achieve instantaneous properties by other means.
- a method which is well combinable with drying methods is agglomeration, in which individual drying particles, e.g. Beads, particle clusters arise in which physical forces rapid water absorption and thus dissolution of the dry material, for. without stirring effect.
- Spray drying and subsequent agglomeration impart instante properties, which is desirable in the case of liquids by the consumer.
- a dried PPS based milk mix to also provide the sensory benefits of using PPS in such a product.
- a milk mix e.g. a coffee / milk mixed drink according to Example 22, can be prepared in this way as follows:
- Example 27 Preparation of a creamy emulsion with carvacrol
- PPS20-PE produced using herbal oil concentrate Oregano, spreads well over the skin and leaves no oily film.
- the emulsion with antibiotic action absorbs quickly into the skin and is well suited for envelopes. It can also be easily diluted in hot or cold drinks and does not show oil.
- Example 28 Preparation of a skin cream
- PPS34-PE with 30% oil content is composed of 15% natural argan oil and 15% herbal concentrate camomile and 2.5% dexpanthenol. The viscous cream is easy to rub and absorbs quickly.
- Example 29 Improvement of a skin cream
- PPS20-PE with 2 or 4% PE is easy to apply to hardboard, metal, glass, PET material or fabric and spreads out and quickly absorbs into cardboard, paper, porous wood and fabric. After drying of PPS (shortened on heat supply), the coated and pressurized areas are firmly connected. Overhanging PPS makes a bright movie.
- PPS glue can also be prepared with fragrance components in the oil phase (for example herbal oil concentrate lavender).
- PPS adhesive is ideally suited for the bonding of materials in which the bonding is not durable and easily separable with little effort and without damage, for example by moistening or immersion in water or by mechanical action.
- the advantage of PPS is that it does not use organic solvents that are natural raw materials, that are mechanically very strong, that can be easily separated by moistening, and that the bonded materials can be reused for other purposes without visible splices.
- the ingredients of PPS adhesive are environmentally friendly, the adhesive properties, the consistency and the adhesion properties on the materials are well above the Adjust proportions of biopolymers and dispersed oil.
- linseed oil as a disperse phase, a subsequent increase in the stability of the bond by gumming can be achieved.
- Example 31 Decorative paint and color carrier
- PPS20-PE with 4% HV pectin is enriched with 1% Brilliant Blue powder (E 133). Due to its good adhesion to hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces (wood, cardboard, metals, plastics), this intensely blue-colored PPS can be universally used as a decorative paint. This color is easily removable with aqueous solutions. If PPS with an increased proportion of dye powder is dried on strips (cardboard, plastic) or rods (wood, plastic, metal), these can be used by incorporation into an aqueous solution for the rapid preparation of dye solutions (for example with Easter eggs or fabric colors). The dried PPS color solution is very stable to mechanical effects and does not discolour in the dry state.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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DE102009019550.5A DE102009019550B4 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2009-04-30 | Composition of a phase-stable oil-in-water emulsion, process for their preparation, formulation containing them and their use |
DE102009019551.3A DE102009019551B4 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2009-04-30 | Sensory and nutritionally modified foods and processes for their production |
PCT/EP2010/002654 WO2010124870A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2010-04-30 | Concentrated, creamy to solid and dry compositions of an oil-in-water emulsion, method for the production thereof and use thereof for producing improved foods in terms of sensory aspects and nutrition physiology |
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EP2424380A1 true EP2424380A1 (en) | 2012-03-07 |
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EP10719736A Withdrawn EP2424380A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2010-04-30 | Concentrated, creamy to solid and dry compositions of an oil-in-water emulsion, method for the production thereof and use thereof for producing improved foods in terms of sensory aspects and nutrition physiology |
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US (1) | US20120135125A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2424380A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2012525123A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20120024570A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102458139A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2010243827A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI1007782A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2760490A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE202010017298U1 (en) |
EA (1) | EA201190246A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2011011535A (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ596026A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010124870A1 (en) |
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- 2010-04-30 CA CA2760490A patent/CA2760490A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-04-30 DE DE202010017298U patent/DE202010017298U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2010-04-30 US US13/266,912 patent/US20120135125A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-04-30 JP JP2012507643A patent/JP2012525123A/en active Pending
- 2010-04-30 MX MX2011011535A patent/MX2011011535A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-04-30 BR BRPI1007782-0A patent/BRPI1007782A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-04-30 DE DE202010017314U patent/DE202010017314U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2010-04-30 AU AU2010243827A patent/AU2010243827A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-04-30 WO PCT/EP2010/002654 patent/WO2010124870A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-04-30 EP EP10719736A patent/EP2424380A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-04-30 KR KR1020117025766A patent/KR20120024570A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-04-30 EA EA201190246A patent/EA201190246A1/en unknown
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AU2010243827A2 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
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CN102458139A (en) | 2012-05-16 |
JP2012525123A (en) | 2012-10-22 |
NZ596026A (en) | 2013-08-30 |
KR20120024570A (en) | 2012-03-14 |
WO2010124870A1 (en) | 2010-11-04 |
EA201190246A1 (en) | 2013-01-30 |
MX2011011535A (en) | 2012-02-08 |
CA2760490A1 (en) | 2010-11-04 |
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AU2010243827A1 (en) | 2011-11-17 |
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