Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
  • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
  • H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the joining of a photovoltaic cell to a sheet of injectable polymer, in particular transparent such as polycarbonate.
• a photovoltaic cell is for example made of a thin active surface of silicon bonded to a metal base or plastic.
• the photovoltaic cell is flexible or rigid. When placed in a polycarbonate injection mold, a bending of the assembly is often observed during the cooling of 305 ° C., for example, at room temperature.
• This bending is due to the differential thermal expansion of the base and active face of the photovoltaic cell on the one hand, the injected material on the other hand, and the effect of the removal of the latter.
• the inventors have set themselves the task of obtaining products of the type mentioned above, while guaranteeing the maintenance of the plane or curved geometry, given by the polycarbonate injection mold or equivalent, after cooling, the integrity of the photovoltaic cell. cooling and living conditions, and good durability.
• the subject of the invention is a composite structure comprising a photovoltaic cell in adhesion with an injected polymer, in which the photovoltaic cell has an active face in adhesion on a base, characterized in that the photovoltaic cell is continuous and its opposite face to the injected polymer is adhesively bonded with a linear thermal expansion coefficient encapsulation polymer which does not differ by more than 65% from that of the injected polymer, with a minimum melting point allowing it to resist the injection thereof and promoting adhesion with the injected polymer, or in that the photovoltaic cell is perforated.
• the photovoltaic cell is said to be continuous when it has a solid surface without holes, without discontinuity.
• a perforated photovoltaic cell refers here to a discontinuous surface with a hole, such as in a grid, or to a set of several small non-contiguous cells.
• an encapsulating polymer may not be used, and the cell simply bonded to the injected polymer, but such use of encapsulating polymer for a perforated cell - as for a continuous cell - is not beyond the scope of the invention.
• the face of the photovoltaic cell oriented towards the injected polymer is also brought into adhesion with an encapsulation polymer as defined above by its thermal expansion characteristics and minimum melting temperature. The encapsulation polymer is then likely to constitute a damping envelope - of differential thermal expansion - integral of the photovoltaic cell.
• the encapsulation polymers in adhesion with the two faces of the cell can then be identical or different, provided that they satisfy the criteria defined above.
• This particular embodiment is recommended in the case of a continuous photovoltaic cell, in particular rigid, whose adhesion to the encapsulation polymer of the only face opposite to the injected polymer may not be sufficient in some cases, to dampen the differential shrinkage of the cell and avoid a deviation from the final shape desired for the assembly obtained.
• the base of the photovoltaic cell can
• a base is a polyimide sheet with a thickness of between 13 and 125, preferably 20 and 30 ⁇ m.
• the injected (injectable) polymer is transparent, or opaque, may be polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or the like. However, it is preferably a polycarbonate or equivalent and in a thickness of between 2 and 10 mm, in particular at most equal to 7 mm.
• PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
• the base of the photovoltaic cell may be metallic or equivalent, possibly perforated and with a thickness of between 25 and 500 ⁇ m, preferably between 75 and 250 ⁇ m, or a polymer such as polyimide with a thickness of between 13 and 125 ⁇ m.
• Examples are a steel cell base
• the active face of the photovoltaic cell may consist of an amorphous Si sheet with a thickness of between 20 and 200 ⁇ m and associated for example with a flexible or polymeric metal base, or with a crystalline Si sheet of thickness between 100 and 300 ⁇ m and associated for example with a rigid metal base, or a thin layer of CIGS (CuInGaSe) type or
• the encapsulation polymer is preferably made of a sheet of polycarbonate, polyimide, poly (ethylene terephthalate), polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane or equivalent thickness between 13 ⁇ m and
• the thickness of this sheet is at least equal to 250 ⁇ m, except when it constitutes the base of the photovoltaic cell, the thickness of which is advantageously at most equal to
• the encapsulation polymer overflows by at least 3% of the sides of the photovoltaic cell; thus in the case of a crystalline Si cell of 125 x 125 mm or 156 x 156 mm with a tolerance of ⁇ 0.5 mm, the overflow would be at least 4.5 mm;
• the injected polymer or the encapsulating polymer is tinted, provided that it is positioned behind the photovoltaic cell with respect to the sun; this measurement makes it possible to filter the solar radiation inside a vehicle or a building without affecting the solar radiation received by the cell, and to hide more or less the cell in view of the occupants of the vehicle or the building;
• the structure is transparent on at least part of its surface.
• the invention furthermore relates to a method of manufacturing a structure as described above, in which, during the injection of said injected polymer, said photovoltaic cell is placed in the injection mold of this one.
• the injection method makes it possible to obtain complex shapes, in particular convex shapes, varying thicknesses over the extent of the composite structure, transparent parts and opaque parts.
• the measurements of the invention face of the photovoltaic cell opposed to the injected polymer adhesively bonded with an encapsulating polymer, or open-cell photovoltaic cell) guarantee the maintenance of these more or less complex forms, after cooling, the integrity of the cell photovoltaic cooling and in living conditions, and good durability.
• Another object of the invention consists of monolithic, laminated, single or multiple glazing comprising a structure as described above.
• Multiple glazing means glazing consisting of several transparent substrates spaced from each other with the interposition of an air gap or dry gas (presence of a desiccant). Each of these transparent substrates may be monolithic or laminated.
• a glazing is said to be simple if it comprises only such a transparent substrate.
• the latter when it is laminated, comprises said injected polymer connected for example to a sheet of glass or transparent plastic material by means of an intermediate adhesive such as polyvinyl butyral or polyurethane.
• Another object of the invention is the application of glazing described above for a land transport vehicle (especially as a roof of a motor vehicle), aerial or aquatic, for the building, street furniture (bus shelter, telephone booth). , display screen .
• FIGS. 1 to 6 schematically representing six embodiments of the composite structure of the invention.
• the photovoltaic cell of FIG. 1 comprises a base of flexible steel of invar openwork type 125 ⁇ m in thickness, or alternatively a base 3 of perforated rigid steel of 200 ⁇ m in thickness.
• the active face 2 of the cell consists of an amorphous silicon sheet 20 to 200 ⁇ m thick, or alternatively, a crystalline silicon sheet 100 to 300 ⁇ m thick, or a deposit of thin photovoltaic layers CIGS or CdTe ...
• a damping envelope 4 of polyimide encompasses the entire photovoltaic cell.
• the thickness of polyimide on each side of the cell is
• the damping envelope protrudes from the periphery of the cell by 4.5 mm.
• the 4 mm thick polycarbonate sheet 1 is bonded by injection to the entire right or left side in the figure.
• the polycarbonate 1 can be tinted if it is glued to the right of the cell in the figure. In the opposite case, such a characteristic would limit the solar radiation accessing the active face 2 of the cell.
• the damping envelope 4 of FIG. 1 is replaced by a simple polymer support 4 bonded to the active face 2.
• the nature and the thickness of the polymer support 4 are identical to those of the parts of the damping envelope 4 of Figure 1 glued on each of the two faces of the cell.
• the base 3 is of the soft steel type mentioned above.
• the active face 2 of the photovoltaic cell is of the type of amorphous silicon or thin layer CIGS, Cd Te .... mentioned above.
• the polycarbonate sheet 1 is glued to the right side of the cell by the polymer support 4. It can be tinted.
• the composite structure of FIG. 3 is obtained by reversing the positioning of the constituents 1 and 4 of FIG. 2.
• the polymer support 4 can be tinted.
• the base 3 of the cell is a damping sheet 4 of polyimide or polycarbonate identical to the polymer support 4 of FIG. 2.
• this base 3 is associated with another sheet of the same properties, with which it forms a damping envelope 4 similar to that of FIG. 1.
• the polycarbonate sheet 1 is adhesively bonded to the right or left side of the cell. It can be tinted when positioned on the right in Figure 4.
• the active face 2 of the cell is bonded to the polycarbonate sheet 1 by the polyimide or polycarbonate base 3, 4.
• the polycarbonate sheet 1, or the polyimide or polycarbonate base 3, 4 can be tinted with Figures 5 and 6, respectively.

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• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
• Hybrid Cells (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (20)

• 2009
  • 2009-04-09 FR FR0952317A patent/FR2944383B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2010
  • 2010-04-02 WO PCT/FR2010/050642 patent/WO2010116077A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2010-04-02 KR KR1020117023670A patent/KR20120009444A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 2010-04-02 US US13/263,264 patent/US20120073652A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-04-02 CN CN2010800160388A patent/CN102388463A/zh active Pending
  • 2010-04-02 JP JP2012504050A patent/JP2012523689A/ja active Pending
  • 2010-04-02 EP EP10723196A patent/EP2417639A2/de not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (1)

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