EP2412637B1 - Machine d'emballage dotée de plusieurs stations de travail - Google Patents

Machine d'emballage dotée de plusieurs stations de travail Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2412637B1
EP2412637B1 EP10007915.1A EP10007915A EP2412637B1 EP 2412637 B1 EP2412637 B1 EP 2412637B1 EP 10007915 A EP10007915 A EP 10007915A EP 2412637 B1 EP2412637 B1 EP 2412637B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
packaging machine
shaft
packaging
movement
station
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10007915.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2412637A1 (fr
Inventor
Elmar Ehrmann
Klaus Weiss
Andreas Streitenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
Priority to ES10007915T priority Critical patent/ES2411957T3/es
Priority to EP10007915.1A priority patent/EP2412637B1/fr
Priority to US13/193,923 priority patent/US8720169B2/en
Priority to CN201110216919.0A priority patent/CN102424150B/zh
Publication of EP2412637A1 publication Critical patent/EP2412637A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2412637B1 publication Critical patent/EP2412637B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/02—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs
    • B65B9/04—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs one or both webs being formed with pockets for the reception of the articles, or of the quantities of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/14—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by reciprocating or oscillating members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B65/00—Details peculiar to packaging machines and not otherwise provided for; Arrangements of such details
    • B65B65/02—Driving gear

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a packaging machine with a plurality of mutually operable in common and a direction of production of the packaging machine defining, e.g. in the production direction successively arranged workstations, each with at least one movable tool part.
  • the packaging machine may be a thermoforming packaging machine.
  • several workstations are consecutively run through from the packaging material in order to carry out different work steps in time sequence on the packaging material and / or on the products to be packaged. For example, while packaging trays are deep-drawn in a forming station, or prefabricated trays are removed from a destacker, the packaging trays or trays are filled, the packages are evacuated and / or fumigated, they are sealed with a lidding film or sealed with a slip lid and possibly the Packaging still isolated, checked and / or sorted out. These steps are carried out in workstations, each of which usually has at least one movable tool part. Both in an intermittent operation of the packaging machine, as well as in a continuous operation, the moving tool parts of the individual workstations must be synchronized with each other to ensure a smooth operation of the packaging machine.
  • thermoforming machine in the form of a thermoforming machine known.
  • This machine has a forming station for forming packaging trays in a lower film, as well as a filling station and a sealing station.
  • a mechanism is provided for each of the workstations to implement the rotation of an electric motor in a lifting movement of a tool part of the respective workstation, ie, for example, the mold of the forming station or a chamber part of the sealing station.
  • a belt couples the movement of several shafts lying transversely to the direction of production of the packaging machine, the rotational movement of each of which is translated into a lifting movement of the respective tool part.
  • a disadvantage of this conventional packaging machine is that for the different workstations each individual drives must be used. Above all, it is difficult to synchronize the movement of the tools of the different workstations with each other.
  • CN 2 695 356 Y From the CN 2 695 356 Y is a packaging machine with several mutually operable in common mode by means of a common rotatably driven shaft workstations known. The movement of the tool parts of the workstations is transferred via transfer mechanisms from the movement of the shaft.
  • Object of the present invention is to improve a packaging machine with structurally simple means as possible with respect to a variable use of the machine.
  • the invention provides that the packaging machine has a rotatably driven shaft arranged in the production direction of the packaging machine, and that at least one transfer mechanism for transmitting the movement of the shaft to the movement of the respective tool part is provided between the shaft and the movable tool parts of different workstations , Since this shaft drives the tool parts of several workstations, the movements of these tool parts are automatically synchronized with each other by the movement of the shaft. This synchronization is mechanical and thus independent of potential errors of electronic synchronization.
  • the arranged in the direction of production of the packaging machine shaft only requires a relatively small space, so that the packaging machine can be built very compact. Furthermore, according to the invention, a tool part which can be moved by means of the shaft can be displaced at a workstation in the production direction of the packaging machine.
  • the transfer mechanism for transmitting the movement of the shaft to the movement of the respective tool part to a toggle linkage and / or a cam mechanism.
  • the transfer mechanism becomes robust and independent of easy wearing parts like a belt.
  • the required for the stroke of the tool parts, comparatively high forces can be transmitted well by a toggle linkage or a cam mechanism.
  • the transfer mechanism has a cam mechanism
  • this preferably comprises a friction-reducing element in order to reduce the load on the transfer mechanism and thus also of the shaft by friction.
  • a friction-reducing element could be provided as a friction-reducing element one or more rolling on a backdrop along wheels.
  • Conceivable It would also be desirable to provide as a friction reducing element on the surface of a component of the cam mechanism a material with a lower coefficient of friction and / or a suitable surface treatment in order to reduce the friction there.
  • the shaft could be driven in 360 ° continuous rotation. This would have the advantage that a transmission between the shaft and the drive of the shaft, for example an electric motor or in particular a servomotor, can be made comparatively simple. However, it may be cheaper in view of the shaft to be effected, alternating lifting movement of the tool parts, when the shaft is driven alternately in different directions of rotation.
  • Workstations of the packaging machine the tool parts are driven by the shaft to a lifting movement, for example, a forming station, a sealing station and / or a cutting or cutting station.
  • the packaging machine may also include a plurality of workstations of any of the aforementioned types.
  • At least two workstations of the packaging machine are arranged at different heights. This would have the advantage that the workstations in the horizontal direction can move closer to each other, so that the packaging machine can be built even more compact. In particular, it would be possible that two workstations are even arranged one above the other, and / or that a packaging material between two workstations is deflected by 180 ° in order to move from a first transport plane to a second transport plane.
  • This frame can stabilize the shaft and prevent the creation of vibrations in the packaging machine, which could otherwise affect the precision of the packaging process.
  • a tool part movable by means of the shaft can be displaced at a workstation in the production direction of the packaging machine.
  • This allows the packaging process to be easily adapted to changing conditions, such as the use of other packaging materials or other packaging forms. It is particularly favorable when the shift or adjustment without an intervention on the shaft and / or transfer mechanism is feasible.
  • the cam mechanism engages a horizontal backdrop, and that the lifting movement of the actuated tool part is independent of the actual point of application of the cam mechanism on the backdrop.
  • two transfer mechanisms for transmitting the movement of the shaft to the movement of a tool part of the workstation are provided. This is particularly useful, for example, in a cross-cutting device for a packaging film.
  • the use of two transfer mechanisms for lifting the cutting tool of the cross-cutting device on both sides of the packaging film web in this case prevents tilting of the cutting tool and thus ensures a secure, continuous cut through the packaging film web.
  • transfer mechanisms are provided, these are preferably offset symmetrically with respect to the central shaft, each laterally opposite the shaft, i.
  • the transfer mechanisms are located on different sides of the shaft and at the same distance from the shaft. This ensures that the drive forces from the shaft are transmitted evenly to both transfer mechanisms.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a packaging machine 1 according to the invention in a perspective view. For clarity, only the most important components of the invention of the packaging machine 1 are shown.
  • the packaging machine 1 is a thermoforming packaging machine. It has (at least) three workstations, namely a forming station 2, an evacuating and sealing station 3 and a separating station 4. All of these workstations 2, 3, 4 act on a packaging material 5, which is a plastic film web. At a standstill of the packaging material 5 during the intermittent operation of the packaging machine 1, the mold 6 is moved perpendicular to the plane of the web-shaped packaging material 5 in order to deep draw in the packaging material 5 packaging trays.
  • the sealing station 3 has a sealing tool upper part 7 and a sealing tool lower part 8.
  • a closed sealing chamber can be formed between the two tool parts 7, 8, in which the packaging recess previously filled with a product sealed in the packaging material 5 with a cover film, not shown, and thus can be closed. It is conceivable to evacuate the sealing chamber between the two tool parts 7, 8 and thus the packaging tray before sealing and / or to treat it with a replacement gas. After sealing, the sealing tool top 7 and the sealing tool bottom 8 are again removed from each other to expose the packaging tray and allow further transport of the packaging material 5.
  • the separating station 4 is a cross-cutting device in which a separating knife 9 is provided as a tool part. This cutting knife 9 can be moved in the vertical direction, ie perpendicular to the plane of the packaging material 5, in order to sever the web-shaped packaging material 5.
  • the packaging machine 1 defines a production direction R, in which the packaging material 5 is transported through at least some of the work stations, in the present embodiment by the sealing station 3 and the separation station 4.
  • the packaging material 5 is transported against this direction of production R before it to a virtual, horizontal axis 10 is deflected and brought in this way from a first transport plane 11 in a second transport plane 12.
  • the packaging machine 1 has a frame 13 which is arranged horizontally between the two transport planes 11, 12.
  • the frame 13 comprises a plurality of lateral longitudinal struts 14, which are aligned in the production direction R of the packaging machine 1, and a plurality of transverse struts 15, which connect the longitudinal struts 14 with each other.
  • the frame 13 has two longitudinal struts 14 oriented parallel to one another and located at the same height. These longitudinal struts 14 extend at least over the length of a workstation 2, 3, 4 in the production direction R.
  • the packaging machine shown is associated with a first pair of longitudinal struts 14 of the forming station 2.
  • a second pair of longitudinal struts 14 extends both below the sealing station 3, and below the separation station 4. It would be conceivable that the longitudinal struts 14 through the entire length and thus constitute a single frame 13 for all workstations 2, 3, 4.
  • the shaft 16 Centrally located between the longitudinal struts 14 is also aligned in the direction of production R of the packaging machine 1 shaft 16.
  • the shaft 16 is connected to a drive, such as an electric motor, preferably a servo motor.
  • the shaft 16 can be driven by the drive alternately in different directions of rotation.
  • a transfer mechanism 17 is fixedly connected to the shaft 16.
  • the transfer mechanism 17 may be a toggle linkage and / or a cam mechanism. This transfer mechanism 17 ensures that the rotational movement of the shaft 16 is transferred to the movement of the movable tool part of the respective work station 2, 3, 4, ie, to the lifting movement of the mold part 6,
  • the shaft 16 acts as a "king wave", which controls the movement of several movable tool parts 6, 7, 8, 9 different workstations 2, 3, 4.
  • transfer mechanisms 17 are provided on both sides of the shaft to cause the movement of the separating knife 9.
  • the transfer mechanisms 17 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the shaft 16, ie they each have the same distance to the shaft 16 lying between them.
  • the shaft 16 is mounted in a plurality of transverse struts 15 of the frame 13.
  • plain bearings or ball bearings 18 may be provided.
  • the shaft 16 may be arranged centrally within the packaging machine 1.
  • FIG. 1 It can be seen that the forming station 2 is below the plane of the frame 13, while the sealing station 3 and the cutting station 4 are above the plane of the frame 13.
  • FIG. 1 shows the packaging machine in a state in which the tools 6, 7, 8, 9 of the respective workstations 2, 3, 4 are opened to allow further transport of the web-shaped packaging material 5.
  • FIG. 2 whereas, the same packaging machine 1 is in a state in which the tool parts 6, 7, 8, 9 of the work stations 2, 3, 4 are closed to act on the sheet-shaped packaging material 5.
  • the mold 6 of the forming station 2 is pressed down against the packaging material 5 to deep draw the packaging material 5 to packaging trays. The movement of the mold 6 will be described later with reference to FIG FIG. 3 be explained in more detail.
  • this transfer mechanism 17 comprises a roller 17 a, which is aligned about an axis parallel to the production direction R axis is rotatable, and which is fixed on both sides by fixedly attached to the shaft 16 lever 17b. Rotation of the shaft 16 causes the levers 17b also to rotate about the shaft 16 while lifting the roller 17a. This roller 17a rolls on the serving as a backdrop underside of the sealing tool lower part 8.
  • the transfer mechanism 17 is thus formed in this case as a cam mechanism.
  • the separating knife 9 of the separation station 4 is further raised by the rotational movement of the shaft 16 is transmitted by means of the two laterally arranged transfer mechanisms 17 to a lifting movement of the separating knife 9.
  • the separating knife 9 cooperates with a counter knife 9a in order to sever the sheet-like packaging material 5 between the cutting edges of the two knives 9, 9a.
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the forming station 2 of the packaging rail 1, in which some covers are removed to make the interior of the forming station 2 and in particular the transfer mechanism 17 more visible.
  • two levers 17b are fastened here on the shaft 16 so that they participate in the rotational movement of the shaft 16.
  • a roller 17a which is rotatable about an axis oriented parallel to the production direction R of the packaging machine 1.
  • the roller 17 a is completely enclosed by two upright drive plates 17 c, which are mounted on the mold 6.
  • half-open position of the forming station 2 performs a rotation of the shaft 16 in the direction A to a lowering of the roller 17 a.
  • the roller 17a presses against a formed on the surface of the mold 6 gate 17d to press the mold 6 against the packaging film web 5 down.
  • an opposite rotation of the shaft 16 ie a rotation opposite to the direction A, leads to a lifting of the roller 17a.
  • the Mit supportivebleche 17c the mold 6 is also raised.
  • An adjustment element 19 secures the transfer mechanism 17 in the longitudinal direction along the longitudinal struts 14.
  • the transfer mechanism 17 can be displaced along the longitudinal struts 14 in the longitudinal direction, ie in the production direction R.
  • the forming station 2 could be displaced with the forming tool 3 in the longitudinal direction of the packaging machine 1, while the transfer mechanism 17 maintains its position on the shaft 16.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of a second embodiment of a packaging machine 20 according to the invention also in this embodiment, it is a thermoforming packaging machine 20, in which two mold cavities 21 are deep-drawn into a web-shaped packaging material 5 in a forming station. After filling with a product 22, the packaging troughs 21 reach a first sealing station 3a. Here, the filled packaging wells 21 are closed with a lid, which was previously deep-drawn in a second forming station 23 into a, also web-shaped, second packaging material 25 withdrawn from a film roll 24.
  • the already closed packaging troughs 21 enter a second sealing station 3b, in which a second lidding film 27 drawn off from a further film roll 26 is sealed onto the packaging troughs 21.
  • the forming station 2 as in the first embodiment has a mold 6 for deep drawing, the two evacuating and sealing stations 3a, 3b as in the first embodiment, two relative to each other and mutually movable sealing tool parts 7, 8, namely a sealing tool shell 7 and Sealing tool base 8.
  • the separation station 4 has in the second embodiment, a cross-cutting device 4a and 4b and a longitudinal separator 4b. In both separating devices 4a, 4b, a separating knife 9 can be driven to a lifting movement in order to cut through the film web 5.
  • the workstations 2, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b of the packaging machine 20 are arranged on a common machine frame 28. In this machine frame 28 is located in the direction of production R of the packaging machine 20, a shaft 16. As in the first embodiment, the shaft 16 may be mounted on a frame 13.
  • a transfer mechanism 17 is provided, preferably a toggle linkage or a cam mechanism, for the movement of the shaft 16 in a lifting movement of a tool part 6, 7, 8, 9 of the respective workstation 2, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b.
  • the mold of the second forming station 23 can by means of a corresponding Transfer mechanism 17 may be driven by the rotational movement of the shaft 16 to a lifting movement.
  • the packaging machine 1, 20 can be modified in many ways.
  • At least one workstation has a transfer mechanism 17, in which the rotational movement of the shaft 16 is converted into a linear movement, for example by a spindle design of the shaft 16 in the workstation and a spindle nut seated on the shaft.
  • the thus linear movable spindle nut can drive a toggle lever system for raising and / or lowering a tool part.
  • Tool parts such as the lower part of the mold, the upper part of the mold, the lower part of the sealing tool or the upper part of the sealing tool, can be exchangeable.
  • the tools can preferably be removed from the packaging machine laterally with respect to the production direction. Since various media connections such as electricity, compressed air, vacuum or cooling water are attached to the tools, they are easily detachable, preferably with a connection block, which can also accommodate different media and realizes the connection from the tool to the machine in the working position. With appropriate sealing systems and a backup of the tool in the working position, the media connection is automatically released when changing a tool and then reconnected.
  • thermoforming packaging machine 1, 20 provides a vertical direction of the production direction R lifting device of a portion of the feed system for the web-shaped packaging material 5 in the region of the forming and / or sealing station 2, 3 before.
  • the lifting movement of the feed system eg a lateral chain guide for a transport chain for transporting the packaging film web 5
  • the lifting movement of the feed system causes, when the forming station 2 is open, a distance of the web-shaped packaging material 5 from the heating plate which holds the web-shaped packaging material 5 for the Mold process heated, is present, so that the web-shaped packaging material is not unnecessary Radiation or contact heat is too much heated.
  • the feed system With the closing operation of the forming station 2, the feed system is moved back into its working position, so that the web-shaped packaging material 5 can be specifically heated and deformed.
  • the feed system is moved back into its working position, so that the web-shaped packaging material 5 can be specifically heated and deformed.
  • the vertical lifting device of the feed system is also conceivable in the area of the sealing station 3, if over the edge of the package, which at the same time also usually represents the sealing plane, protruding products are transported into the sealing station and the sealing tool upper part 7 has no upper-stroke function.
  • the adjustable range of the feed system is separated from the non-adjustable areas and adjustable by means of pneumatic cylinders or servo drives and / or coupled to the movement of a tool lower part.
  • a tensioning element for tensioning the transport chain could give way when adjusting the feed system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Machine d'emballage (1, 20) avec plusieurs postes de travail (2, 3, 4) utilisables en mode commun et définissant une direction de production (R) de la machine d'emballage (1, 20) avec chacun au moins un élément d'outil mobile (6, 7, 8, 9), dans laquelle la machine d'emballage (1, 20) comporte un arbre (16) à entraînement rotatif agencé selon sa direction de production (R), et dans laquelle, entre l'arbre (16) et les éléments d'outil mobiles (6, 7, 8, 9) de différents postes de travail (2, 3, 4), chacun est pourvu d'au moins un mécanisme de transfert (17) pour convertir le mouvement de l'arbre (16) en un mouvement de l'élément d'outil correspondant (6, 7, 8, 9), caractérisée en ce qu'un élément d'outil (6, 7, 8, 9) qui peut être mis en mouvement par l'arbre (16) peut être déplacé jusqu'à une station de travail (2, 3, 4) dans la direction de production (R) de la machine d'emballage (1, 20).
  2. Machine d'emballage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le mécanisme de transfert (17) comporte un mécanisme à genouillère et/ou un mécanisme à came.
  3. Machine d'emballage selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le mécanisme à came comporte une roue (17a) qui préférablement roule le long d'une coulisse (17d).
  4. Machine d'emballage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'arbre (16) est entraîné de manière alternative dans les deux directions de rotation.
  5. Machine d'emballage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un mouvement de levage d'éléments d'outil (6, 7, 8, 9) d'une station de formage (2), d'une station de scellement (3) et/ou d'un poste de séparation (4) peut être entraîné par l'arbre (16).
  6. Machine d'emballage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins deux postes de travail (2, 3, 4) de la machine d'emballage (1, 20) sont agencés à différentes hauteurs.
  7. Machine d'emballage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un châssis (13) est pourvu pour supporter l'arbre (16).
  8. Machine d'emballage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que deux mécanismes de transfert (17) pour convertir le mouvement de l'arbre (16) en mouvement d'un élément d'outil (9) sont pourvus sur une station de travail (4) .
  9. Machine d'emballage selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les deux mécanismes de transfert (17) symétriques sur l'arbre (16) sont décalés latéralement par rapport à l'arbre (16).
EP10007915.1A 2010-07-29 2010-07-29 Machine d'emballage dotée de plusieurs stations de travail Active EP2412637B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES10007915T ES2411957T3 (es) 2010-07-29 2010-07-29 Máquina de envasado con varias estaciones de trabajo
EP10007915.1A EP2412637B1 (fr) 2010-07-29 2010-07-29 Machine d'emballage dotée de plusieurs stations de travail
US13/193,923 US8720169B2 (en) 2010-07-29 2011-07-29 Packaging machine comprising a plurality of work stations
CN201110216919.0A CN102424150B (zh) 2010-07-29 2011-07-29 包括多个工作站的包装机

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10007915.1A EP2412637B1 (fr) 2010-07-29 2010-07-29 Machine d'emballage dotée de plusieurs stations de travail

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2412637A1 EP2412637A1 (fr) 2012-02-01
EP2412637B1 true EP2412637B1 (fr) 2013-05-01

Family

ID=43533142

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10007915.1A Active EP2412637B1 (fr) 2010-07-29 2010-07-29 Machine d'emballage dotée de plusieurs stations de travail

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8720169B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2412637B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102424150B (fr)
ES (1) ES2411957T3 (fr)

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CN2695356Y (zh) * 2004-03-24 2005-04-27 上海迈威包装机械有限公司 凸轮主轴传动装置
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CN101307820A (zh) * 2007-05-18 2008-11-19 上海天龙包装机械成套设备有限公司 凸轮机构
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CN111152990A (zh) * 2020-01-09 2020-05-15 安徽轶记机械科技有限公司 一种包装机的封切装置及其使用方法

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US8720169B2 (en) 2014-05-13
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CN102424150B (zh) 2014-07-09
CN102424150A (zh) 2012-04-25
ES2411957T3 (es) 2013-07-09

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