Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
  • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
  • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
  • F28F9/0221—Header boxes or end plates formed by stacked elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
  • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
  • F28D7/1684—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section

Definitions

• Heat exchanger in particular air conditioning condenser
• the invention relates to heat exchangers, particularly for motor vehicles.
• It relates more particularly to a heat exchanger comprising an alternating stack of blades for the circulation of a first fluid and a second fluid.
• Such heat exchangers can be used, for example, as air conditioning condensers for motor vehicles.
• the first fluid can then be constituted by a refrigerant, with or without phase change, and the second fluid by a cooling fluid such as water.
• Heat exchangers of this type are often made by a technology of stacked plates having corrugations to disturb the flow of the two fluids. These plates generally have raised peripheral edges which are assembled together in a sealed manner to delimit between the plates of the first and second circulation blades for the respective fluids.
• the disadvantage of such plates is that they offer little modularity as regards the size and the adaptation of the passage sections according to the properties of the fluids. Moreover, problems of soldering, and thus of sealing and resistance to pressure, may appear at the level of the fluid passages.
• a condenser using tubes for the circulation of a refrigerant and other tubes for the circulation of a cooling fluid are also known from US Pat. No. 6,540,015. These latter tubes may each consist of at least two plates.
• This solution also has a number of disadvantages, including a complexity of construction. In others, it requires a reported manifold for each fluid at each end of the beam.
• the object of the invention is in particular to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
• a heat exchanger of the type defined in the introduction which comprises a beam formed by an alternating stack of profile flat tubes selected for the circulation of the first fluid and disruptive for the circulation of the second fluid between the tubes; an inlet manifold box and an outlet manifold respectively connected to two ends of the bundle for the admission and evacuation of the first fluid, said manifolds being each formed by a stack of end plates having a bottom provided with a peripheral rim, in particular with a substantially U-shaped contour, so that the end plates can be assembled in pairs in a sealed manner by cooperation of their respective peripheral rims, each time delimiting a chamber having an inlet profile, homologous to the profile of a tube for inserting a tube end, the bottom of each collector plate having an opening for the communication of the chambers; and a casing enveloping the beam, this casing being provided an inlet and an outlet for the circulation of the first fluid, and an inlet and an outlet for the circulation of the second fluid.
• the heat exchanger of the invention comprises a beam formed by an alternating stack of tubes and disrupters for defining respectively the circulation blades of the first fluid and the second fluid.
• the inlet and outlet manifolds are each defined by a stack of end plates, forming blade heads, which are interlocked with each other by virtue of the geometry of their respective peripheral rims, which makes it possible to define each time a chamber in communication with a tube.
• Each chamber defines an introduction slot for the tube which has an internal profile homologous to the profile of a tube, which allows a sealed engagement of the end of the tube in the corresponding insertion slot.
• the chambers communicate with one another, which makes it possible to define an inlet or outlet manifold for the first fluid.
• the casing which envelops the beam makes it possible to ensure the circulation of the second fluid which is in heat exchange with the first fluid.
• Such a heat exchanger can be made by a brazed technology in a single operation, once the various components of the heat exchanger held tight together.
• peripheral edges of the end plates are shaped so that the chambers defined by the stack of said plates have, for example, a height substantially identical to that of the tubes.
• height is meant the stacking direction of said plates.
• such a heat exchanger finds particular application in the field of motor vehicles, for example to achieve an air conditioning condenser.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 is a view from above of the heat exchanger of FIGS. 1 and 2;
• FIG. 4 is a sectional view along the line IV-IV of Figure 3;
• FIG. 5 is a sectional view along the line V-V of Figure 3;
• FIG. 7 is a sectional view along the line VII-VII of Figure 3;
• FIG. 8 is an end view of a tube;
• FIG. 12 is a front view of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1;
• Figure 13 is a side view of the heat exchanger of Figure 1.
• FIG. 1 represents this heat exchanger 10 in an exploded perspective view.
• the heat exchanger 10 comprises a beam 12 formed by an alternating stack of flat tubes 14 of profile chosen for the circulation of a first fluid Fi and disrupters 16 for the circulation of a second fluid F 2 between the tubes.
• the disrupters 16 are here corrugated interlayers whose respective undulations come into contact with the tubes 14.
• the heat exchanger 10 further comprises an inlet manifold 18 and an outlet manifold 20 connected respectively to two ends of the bundle 12 for the admission and evacuation of the first Fluid Fi.
• These two manifolds are formed analogously, that is to say by a stack of end plates 22 each having a bottom 24 provided with a peripheral flange 26 having a generally U-shaped general outline.
• each end plate 22 is generally flat and the peripheral rim 26 forms a chosen angle with the flat bottom 24, so that the end plates 22 can be nested and assembled tightly. by cooperation of their respective peripheral edges. Indeed, as these peripheral flanges 26 are inclined, when two end plates are mutually engaged, they provide between them an introduction slot whose internal profile is homologous to the profile of a tube, which allows to insert to each time a tube end sealingly.
• These chambers 28 can communicate with each other through at least one opening 30 provided in the bottom of each end plate 22 to ensure fluid communication between the chambers.
• the openings 30 are circular and aligned with each other in the direction of stacking the beam 12.
• the exchanger 10 further comprises a housing 32 which surrounds the beam.
• This housing 32 includes a U-section housing 34 for housing the bundle 12 and extending to the end plates 22 and a cover 36 for closing the housing.
• the housing 32 carries an inlet 38 and an outlet 40 for the first fluid Fi, as well as a input 42 and an output 44 for the second fluid F 2 .
• the inlet 38 and the outlet 40 for the first fluid F1 are carried by the cover 36 and open respectively into the inlet manifold 18 and the outlet manifold 20.
• the inlet 38 and the outlet 40 are formed by two flanges having respective bores 46 and 48 which communicate each time with the corresponding manifold through a circular opening 50 or 52 (FIG. comprises the cover 36.
• the bore 46 is aligned with the opening 50 and with the openings 30 of the end plates 22 forming the manifold 18.
• the bore 48 is aligned with the opening 52 and with the openings 30 of the end plates 22 forming the manifold 20.
• the inlet 42 and the outlet 44 for the second fluid F 2 are carried by the casing 34.
• This housing has a bottom wall 54 and two side walls 56 and 58 which come to envelop the beam.
• the inlet 42 and the outlet 44 are formed by pipes which are carried by the side wall 56 of the casing 34.
• the lateral wall 56 comprises a flat central part 60 connected to two lateral parts 62 and 64 on which the tubing 42 and 44 are respectively mounted.
• the side wall 58 has a homologous shape.
• the casing is wider in its central portion than in its end portions in the vicinity of the collector plates. In this way, a free volume 100 is defined between the casing and the beam (FIG. 7), at the level of the lateral parts 62, 64 of the casing to allow the distribution of the second fluid between the tubes, to the right of the inlet manifold. 42 of said second fluid, and its collection to the right of the outlet pipe 44 of the beam.
• the cover 36 has two respective raised edges 66 and 68 (FIGS. 2 and 3), provided with end portions 67, 69 intended to come into contact with the respective end edges 70, 72 of the side portions 62, 64 of the walls. lateral 56 and 58 to close said free volume 100 at the top.
• the end portions 67, 69 of the raised edges 66, 68 of the cover 36 are offset with respect to the central part of said edges. measured in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of said cover of about one times the thickness of said cover.
• the cover 36 can thus cooperate with the bottom of the last end plate 22 while being connected, by a chosen curvature end portions 67, 69, to the end edges 70, 72 side portions 64 of the side walls 56 and 58 of the housing 34.
• the various components of the heat exchanger are advantageously made of aluminum or aluminum-based alloy and provided with solder plating, at the appropriate places, which makes it possible to assemble an assembly of these components together in a single operation in a brazing furnace, while ensuring a seal between the various components.
• each end plate 22 forms with the bottom 24 a selected angle A which is an acute angle and which is calculated in function of the thickness of the plate.
• Each end plate 22 is advantageously formed by stamping. When two end plates are nested therebetween, they delimit a slot which has a homologous entrance profile of the profile of a tube, that is to say the general shape of an elongated trapezium having two opposite large sides. connected to two opposite small inclined sides. This shape is homologous to that of the section of a tube as shown in FIG.
• Each tube 14 is a flat tube defined by two large opposite faces 74 and 76 and two small opposite inclined faces 78 and 80 which each form with the faces 74 and 76 an angle substantially corresponding to the angle A above ( Figure 6).
• the profile of the tube has substantially the shape of an elongate trapezium which comes to match the shape of the insertion slot defined between two end plates 22 adjacent.
• the faces 78 and 80 are connected to the faces 74 and 76 by rounding.
• each tube 14 is made by extrusion and comprises a multiplicity of internal channels 82 (FIGS. 8 and 9).
• the end plates 22 are not exactly identical between they.
• there are two types of end plates advantageously a plate 22a as shown in Figure 10 and a plate 22b as shown in Figure 11.
• the plates 22a and 22b are arranged alternately.
• the plate 22a shown in FIG. 10 here receives the end of the cover 36. While the plate 22b shown in FIG. 11 receives one end of a flat tube 14.
• the end plate 22a of Figure 10 comprises protruding lugs, namely two lugs 84 and two lugs 86, all lugs protruding from the side of the peripheral rim to serve as a stop to an adjacent plate.
• the plate 22b also has protruding lugs, namely two lugs 88 and two lugs 90. All these lugs are formed by stamping the header plate and have a height substantially corresponding to the height of a tube or a disrupter .
• the lugs 84 and 86 of the plate 22a are arranged at different locations of the lugs 88 and 90 of the plate 22b because they are made by stamping so as not to come into correspondence with each other.
• the aforementioned pins are soldered on the bottom of an adjacent end plate, which allows to define a fluid chamber resistant to pressure, which is particularly interesting in the case where the first fluid is a high pressure fluid such as CO2.
• each end plate is bounded by an end edge 92 which continues respectively by two free ends 94 of the peripheral rim 26, which makes it possible to contribute to define the input profile for a tube end.
• the two free ends 94 comprise notches 96 which facilitate the introduction of the free ends of the tubes and serve as insertion stops.
• the aforementioned lugs 84, 86, 88 and 90 are provided by a thin, non-emergent cut, and they also allow the guiding of the fluid between the end plates as can be seen in FIG. 11.
• the housing 34 is brazed to the beam and substantially conforms to its shape, which optimizes the size of the exchanger.
• it may be a box, closed by a cover, for example crimped on the box, the seal between the box and the lid being provided, in particular, by a seal.
• the cover may consist of an end plate of the bundle such as, for example, the plate 36, provided radially extended over its entire periphery to define a fastening zone, including crimping, to the box.
• the tubings for the second fluid may be provided on the box, in particular being derived from material.
• Such an example box is described, for example, in patent application DE 19902504.
• the heat exchanger can constitute an air conditioning condenser of motor vehicles.
• the fluid Fi is then constituted by a refrigerant and the fluid F2 by a cooling fluid.
• the refrigerant may be a fluoro fluid with phase change, or a fluid operating in supercritical mode, such as for example CO2.
• the cooling fluid it may be water added with antifreeze.
• the heat exchanger shown in the figures is particularly suitable for use as a condenser operating with a refrigerant type CO2. Indeed, this heat exchanger can withstand high operating pressures as encountered with a CO2 type fluid.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

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• 2009
  • 2009-03-26 FR FR0901418A patent/FR2943776B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2010
  • 2010-03-25 PL PL10710341T patent/PL2411754T3/pl unknown
  • 2010-03-25 WO PCT/EP2010/053948 patent/WO2010108992A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2010-03-25 EP EP10710341.8A patent/EP2411754B1/de active Active

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