EP2409083B1 - Heat shield element of a heat shield - Google Patents

Heat shield element of a heat shield Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2409083B1
EP2409083B1 EP09784070.6A EP09784070A EP2409083B1 EP 2409083 B1 EP2409083 B1 EP 2409083B1 EP 09784070 A EP09784070 A EP 09784070A EP 2409083 B1 EP2409083 B1 EP 2409083B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat shield
plate
carrier plate
shield element
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09784070.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2409083A2 (en
Inventor
Claus Krusch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP09784070.6A priority Critical patent/EP2409083B1/en
Publication of EP2409083A2 publication Critical patent/EP2409083A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2409083B1 publication Critical patent/EP2409083B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/002—Wall structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/04—Supports for linings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
    • Y10T29/49963—Threaded fastener
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat shield element of a heat shield, a heat shield to a support structure, a use of the heat shield for turbine engines and a method of assembling the heat shield element with the features mentioned in the preambles of each independent claims.
  • the heat shields of turbine engines such as gas turbines and turbine engines, such as those used in power-generating power plants and in larger aircraft, have correspondingly large shielded by heat shields surfaces inside their combustion chambers.
  • the shield must be composed of a plurality of individual ceramic heat shield elements spaced apart from one another with sufficient clearance. This gap provides the heat shield elements with sufficient space for thermal expansion.
  • a cooling fluid in the form of cooling air is blown through cooling passages as an effective countermeasure through the gaps in the direction of the combustion chamber.
  • This cooling air is also used to selectively blow the metal brackets, with which the ceramic heat shield elements (CHS, Ceramic Heat Shields) are clamped to the support structure, and thus to cool.
  • cooling air is also injected below the ceramic heat shield elements to allow cooling of the underside.
  • brackets In order to carry out the brackets as simply and integrally as possible, a construction is known in which these brackets on the one hand in the support structure encircling parallel recessed grooves are inserted and clamped on the other hand with trained gripping portions with holder grooves, in which are formed in the side surfaces of the ceramic heat shield elements.
  • the heat shield elements are successively inserted with the holders in the grooves of the support structure, wherein the trailing elements obstruct the previously positioned in their positions.
  • a circular series of heat shield elements can be formed in a combustion chamber of a gas turbine.
  • the last remaining heat shield element can no longer be mounted in this way because the mutually present adjacent heat shield elements block a tangentially directed assembly movement.
  • a last heat shield element is referred to as dummy stone or dummy.
  • solutions are used with screws for attaching the last heat shield element, which allow mounting in the direction of the surface normal of the support structure.
  • a known screw used for this purpose four screws which engage in recesses which are formed in the side surfaces of the heat shield element for this purpose. This solution is often disadvantaged because on the one hand, the four screws require additional cooling and thereby more cooling air consumption and on the other hand, the assembly brings a handling problem with it.
  • the handling of the four screws enforces the use of fixatives such as bonding or adhesive tape, which are not reliable, so that the screws can be lost and must necessarily be found because of high risk of damage. Furthermore, no overhead mounting is possible, so that a considerable amount of time to position a large turbine assembly in the appropriate easy-to-assemble 6 o'clock position of the mounting station. In addition, it may be necessary for two people to install the last heat shield element as the four screws must be inserted into the corresponding four holes in the support structure. Last but not least is to consider that the screws are relatively expensive because of the highly heat-resistant alloy used and must be replaced with new ones at each dismantling because of high safety requirements.
  • EP 1 701 095 A1 and EP 0 558 540 B1 describe by way of example a heat shield as described above with the described advantages and disadvantages.
  • the heat shield elements are often referred to as stones and retaining elements holding them stone holder.
  • the EP 1 533 572 A1 discloses a heat shield element comprised of a heat shield of a gas turbine combustor comprising a plurality of heat shield elements disposed adjacent to a support structure.
  • the disclosed heat shield element has a hot side forming ceramic cladding element and a cold side forming Dämm part.
  • a screw connection is arranged within a bore passing through the center of the cladding element and the insulating part.
  • the EP 0 724 116 A2 also discloses a ceramic lining for combustion chambers with at least one heat shield element, which has a continuous central through hole for mounting the heat shield element on a support structure, which is penetrated by a fastening element.
  • the heat shield member includes a ceramic wall plate forming the hot side and an insulation layer forming the cold side.
  • the object of the present invention in view of the above-described disadvantages in the prior art, is to make a heat shield member mountable as a last one of a plurality of heat shield members of a heat shield, thereby having few mounting members and the heat-protective function, as well as the cooling fluid circulation remain.
  • the invention is directed to a heat shield element for a heat shield having a plurality of heat shield elements arranged adjacently to a support structure, the heat shield element having a hot side and a cold side.
  • the heat shield element has a heat shield plate forming the hot side and a carrier plate forming the cold side, wherein the heat shield plate can be mounted on the carrier plate.
  • the heat shield plate For mounting the heat shield plate at least one through hole in the heat shield plate is provided on the support plate, wherein the position of this through hole in the surface of the heat shield plate is provided substantially as a symmetrical position.
  • This one hole is sufficient to press through a screw.
  • the transverse dimension of the throughbore is preferably smaller than the diameter of the head of a fastening screw which can be inserted into the carrier plate.
  • the carrier plate is according to the present invention, at a corresponding position for piercing the heat shield plate position a recess with a through hole provided, in which the fastening screw is push-through, wherein the head of the fastening screw is locked in a formed by the recess and the carrier plate facing side of the heat shield plate space.
  • the heat shield plate forming the hot side is made of a heat-resistant sintered or ceramic material and the support plate forming the cold side is formed of a metallic material or a metal alloy.
  • the heat shield plate preferably has a respective receiving groove located in the two mutually opposite and opposite lateral edges, which are provided for engagement of the holding elements by gripping portions.
  • the carrier plate has at least one groove which has a common groove base and a narrowed region forming the open groove side.
  • the holding element comprises means for engaging in the holder grooves of the heat shield plate and means for engaging in the grooves of the carrier plate.
  • the means formed in the holding element for engaging in the holder grooves of the heat shield plate are preferably designed as gripping sections.
  • the formed in the holding element means for engaging in the grooves of the support plate are further preferably formed as a widened shoe whose width corresponds to the width of the common groove bottom of the groove of the support plate.
  • the holding element may further comprise a fixing portion serving as a retaining spring, the width of which corresponds to the width of the narrowed portion of the groove of the carrier plate.
  • the thickness of the heat shield plate and the thickness of the support plate preferably give a total thickness of the two-part heat shield element according to the invention, which corresponds to the thickness of a one-piece ceramic heat shield element.
  • the objects of the invention are achieved with a heat shield on a support structure comprising a plurality of heat shield elements, with at least one heat shield element according to a previously described embodiment.
  • the heat shield element according to the invention is provided as a last, a series of pre-mounted adjacent heat shield elements final heat shield element.
  • the objects of the invention can also be achieved by using the heat shield with at least one heat shield element according to one of the previously described embodiment for producing a combustion plant or a turbine engine, wherein the turbine engine can be designed in particular as a gas turbine.
  • the method according to the invention provides further advantages if at least one holding element is fastened non-positively to the carrier plate at the attachment opening, the holding element opposite this at least one attached holding element being left unattached.
  • pocket CHS pocket stone
  • a heat shield element which can be mounted in a straightforward manner as the last element of a heat shield, as a so-called dummy and in this case both the heat protection as well as the cooling of the metallic holding elements and carrier plate is ensured by cooling air.
  • the heat shield element according to the invention is designed in two parts and has a preferably ceramic heat shield plate 10 and a preferably metallic support plate 5.
  • the total thickness of both plates is chosen to be the thickness of a normal all-ceramic one-piece heat shield element is the same to form a uniformly thick heat shield.
  • the support plate preferably has a fixing device which is substantially axially symmetrical in its center and which consists of an extension 3 projecting toward the cold side 4 and a depression 12 which is perforated by a bore. In this mounting hole, a fixing screw 2 can be introduced.
  • Both plates are clamped together by means of preferably resilient metal holders 7 (see FIGS. 5 and 6 ), wherein the holder 7 engages with its gripping portion 21 in a lateral holder groove 8 of the heat shield plate 10.
  • the heat shield plate 10 has a through bore 11, which is arranged exactly above the fastening screw 2. Through this through hole 11, an assembly tool (not shown) can be inserted therethrough to engage in the head of the screw 2 and rotate it, when the heat shield element is attached to a support structure.
  • the diameter of the through hole 11 is selected such that the assembly tool, for example a screwdriver or an Allen wrench, just passes freely through. Thereby, the diameter of the through hole 11 can be kept as small as possible, whereby less heat can penetrate into the bore of the hot side 9 and cause a heat problem there.
  • the fixing screw 2 since the head of the fixing screw 2 is much larger than the through hole 11, the fixing screw 2 must be inserted into the fixing hole of the recess 12 before the support plate 5 and the heat shield plate 10 are clamped together by means of the holders 7. After this is done, the mounting screw 2 is in a lock space between the two plates and thus can not be lost.
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of the heat shield element 1 according to the invention, compared to the view in FIG. 1 turned 90 degrees.
  • the retaining element 7 is embedded in the support plate 5.
  • the intended for receiving the retaining element 7 groove 6 of the support plate 5 is formed in a projecting toward the cold side Vorstreckung
  • This Vorsteckung 13 forms a guide rail 13, preferably one on each side of the support plate 5, which is inserted into the respective groove 15 of the support structure 16 and the support plate 5 with the mounted on her heat shield plate 10 allows accurate positioning and alignment.
  • the grooves 15 in the support structure 16 need not be introduced specifically for the heat shield element 1 according to the invention in the support structure, but are usually already provided for the assembly of the normal one-piece ceramic heat shield elements using the identical holding elements 7.
  • FIG. 3 shows an overall perspective view of the heat shield element 1 according to the invention, which has a ceramic heat shield plate 10 and a metallic support plate 5.
  • the ceramic heat shield plate 10 and the metallic support plate 5 are preferably held together by four retaining elements 7.
  • the number of holders 7 may be reduced to at least two, one from each side.
  • the holders 7 engage in the holder grooves 8 provided in the two oppositely facing edges of the heat shield plate 10.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 A detail of this attachment is in the FIGS. 5 and 6 specified.
  • the holder 7 of the same type as conventional for mounting the one-piece ceramic heat shield elements, z. As the adjacent, but are in contrast to a between the Heat shield plate 10 and the support structure 16 positioned metallic support plate 5 mounted.
  • the through hole 11 serves as described above for inserting a narrow mounting tool to screw the fixing screw 2 in the support structure 16, where either a thread is present or a lock nut is positioned.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the support structure 16, for example, a turbine engine, shown.
  • the support structure 16 has parallel grooves 15, in which the one-piece ceramic heat shield elements are clamped one behind the other by means of the resilient metallic holder 7.
  • the last piece of the heat shield is formed with the two-part heat shield element 1 according to the invention.
  • a bore 22 is provided in the support structure 16 exactly at the location of the last heat shield element into which the protruding extension 3 of the metallic support plate 5 of the heat shield element is fitted.
  • the two parallel arranged and correspondingly sized Vorstreckungen 13 are arranged in the parallel arranged, possibly widened grooves 15 of the support structure 16, so that the two-part heat shield element 1 according to the invention assumes a precisely predetermined position on the support structure 16.
  • the support structure 16 may further include, in preferred embodiments, cooling apertures 23 connected to cooling air passages.
  • the surface of the support structure 16 may be flat or curved. Furthermore, the curvature can be formed both convex and concave.
  • the preferred determination of the two-part heat shield element 1 according to the invention is provided as a final element of the heat shield in a consequent mounting direction which follows substantially the normal to the surface of the support structure. However, it may be provided in terms of easier access and reduced effort to replace a defective heat shield element to provide multiple termination points in a heat shield row. Then not all heat shield elements in a row need to be removed to replace only a few elements.
  • the two-part heat shield element 1 enables simple assembly by a person and only from one side of the installation if a thread device or a thread for the fastening screw 2 is provided in the support structure 16.
  • FIG. 5 shows a holding element 7 in a perspective view.
  • the retaining element 7 is preferably made of metal and comprises a fastening section 18, also called a retaining spring, with which the retaining element 7 can be fastened to a support structure 16 of a combustion chamber wall, for example the combustion chamber wall of a gas turbine plant.
  • the holding elements 7 are guided on the support plate 5 in each case a groove 6 (see. Fig. 6 ).
  • the groove 6 is designed so that it has the required width for inserting the shoes width only in the groove base. When pulling up the holding element 7 in the groove 6, this is supported on the narrow region of the groove 7, whereby a holding force holding the holding element 7 is mediated. The non-widened part of the attachment portion 18 can thereby be lifted freely in the groove 6.
  • the attachment opening 17 in the shoe serves to fix all or some holding elements 7 in the groove, which can be done from the cold side of the support plate 5 by means of pins, Arretiermaden or screwing. Usually, a heat shield element is held on two opposite sides of two holding elements 7, that is, a total of four holding elements 7.
  • the attachment portions 3 of the holding elements 7 arranged on the other side are not secured in a preferred embodiment, so that they can slide in order not to hinder the thermal expansion of the heat shield element.
  • a holder head 20 is formed at that end of the retaining spring 18, which is opposite to the end with the attachment opening 17, a holder head 20 is formed.
  • This holder head 20 has a section 19, which is angled substantially at right angles to the retaining spring 18, and a gripping section 21, which in turn is angled substantially perpendicular to the section 19.
  • the gripping portion 21, also called the gripping tab, is used to engage in the groove of a heat shield element.
  • a heat shield element can be clamped by engagement of gripping tabs 21 of holding elements 7, which are fixed to a support plate 5, in the holder grooves 8 opposite sides of the heat shield plate 10 with the support plate (see Fig. 6 ).
  • FIG. 6 shows an enlarged partial perspective view of the heat shield element 1 according to the invention in the region of a holding element. 7
  • the above-described ceramic heat shield plate 10 with the hot side 9 is in this case arranged on the arranged below it metallic support plate 5 and clamped with the retaining element 7 described in Figure 5.
  • the groove 6 of the support plate 5 in this case has a wider groove bottom and a narrow portion 14 through which the retaining spring 18 of the retaining element 7 can escape while the shoe is retained with the mounting hole 17.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Hitzeschildelement eines Hitzeschildes, ein Hitzeschild an einer Tragstruktur, eine Verwendung des Hitzeschildes für Turbinenmaschinen und ein Verfahren zum Zusammenbauen des Hitzeschildelementes mit den in den Oberbegriffen jeweiliger unabhängiger Ansprüche genannten Merkmalen.The invention relates to a heat shield element of a heat shield, a heat shield to a support structure, a use of the heat shield for turbine engines and a method of assembling the heat shield element with the features mentioned in the preambles of each independent claims.

In vielen technischen Anwendungen werden leistungsfähige keramische Hitzeschilde verwendet, um Temperaturen zwischen 1000 und 1600 Grad Celsius zu widerstehen. Insbesondere die Hitzeschilde von Turbinenmaschinen wie Gasturbinen und Turbinentriebwerken, wie sie in stromerzeugenden Kraftwerken und in größeren Flugzeugen Verwendung finden, weisen entsprechend große durch Hitzeschilde abzuschirmende Flächen im Inneren ihrer Brennkammern auf. Wegen der thermischen Ausdehnung und wegen großer Abmessungen muss der Schild aus einer Vielzahl einzelner aus Keramik hergestellter Hitzeschildelemente zusammengesetzt werden, die voneinander mit einem ausreichenden Spalt beabstandet sind. Dieser Spalt bietet den Hitzeschildelementen ausreichenden Raum für die thermische Ausdehnung. Da jedoch der Spalt auch einen direkten Kontakt der heißen Verbrennungsgase mit der den Hitzeschild tragenden Tragstruktur ermöglicht, wird als eine effektive Gegenmaßnahme durch die Spalte in Richtung der Brennkammer ein Kühlfluid in Form von Kühlluft über Kühlkanäle eingeblasen. Diese Kühlluft wird ferner dazu verwendet, gezielt die metallischen Halterungen, mit welchen die keramischen Hitzeschildelemente (CHS, Ceramic Heat Shields) an der Tragstruktur verklammert sind, anzublasen und somit zu kühlen. In noch weiter verbesserten Anordnungen wird auch Kühlluft unterhalb der keramischen Hitzeschildelemente eingeblasen um eine Kühlung der Unterseite zu ermöglichen.In many technical applications, powerful ceramic heat shields are used to withstand temperatures between 1000 and 1600 degrees Celsius. In particular, the heat shields of turbine engines such as gas turbines and turbine engines, such as those used in power-generating power plants and in larger aircraft, have correspondingly large shielded by heat shields surfaces inside their combustion chambers. Because of the thermal expansion and large dimensions, the shield must be composed of a plurality of individual ceramic heat shield elements spaced apart from one another with sufficient clearance. This gap provides the heat shield elements with sufficient space for thermal expansion. However, since the gap also allows direct contact of the hot combustion gases with the support structure carrying the heat shield, a cooling fluid in the form of cooling air is blown through cooling passages as an effective countermeasure through the gaps in the direction of the combustion chamber. This cooling air is also used to selectively blow the metal brackets, with which the ceramic heat shield elements (CHS, Ceramic Heat Shields) are clamped to the support structure, and thus to cool. In still further improved arrangements, cooling air is also injected below the ceramic heat shield elements to allow cooling of the underside.

Um die Halterungen möglichst einfach und einteilig auszuführen, ist eine Bauweise bekannt, bei der diese Halterungen einerseits in der Tragstruktur kreisumlaufend parallel ausgebildete Nuten eingreifend einschiebbar sind und andererseits mit ausgebildeten Greifabschnitten mit Halternuten verklammert werden, in die in den Seitenflächen der keramischen Hitzeschildelemente ausgebildet sind. Die Hitzeschildelemente werden nacheinander mit den Haltern in die Nuten der Tragstruktur eingeschoben, wobei die nachkommenden Elemente die vorher positionierten in ihren Positionen versperren. Auf diese Weise kann beispielsweise eine kreisumlaufende Reihe von Hitzeschildelementen in einer Brennkammer einer Gasturbine gebildet werden.In order to carry out the brackets as simply and integrally as possible, a construction is known in which these brackets on the one hand in the support structure encircling parallel recessed grooves are inserted and clamped on the other hand with trained gripping portions with holder grooves, in which are formed in the side surfaces of the ceramic heat shield elements. The heat shield elements are successively inserted with the holders in the grooves of the support structure, wherein the trailing elements obstruct the previously positioned in their positions. In this way, for example, a circular series of heat shield elements can be formed in a combustion chamber of a gas turbine.

Das letzte verbleibende Hitzeschildelement kann jedoch nicht mehr auf diese Weise montiert werden, weil die beiderseits vorhandenen benachbarten Hitzeschildelemente eine tangential gerichtete Montagebewegung blockieren. Oft wird ein derartiges letztes Hitzeschildelement als Attrappenstein oder Attrappe bezeichnet. Folglich werden zum Anbringen des letzten Hitzeschildelementes Lösungen mit Verschraubungen angewendet, die eine Montage in Richtung der Flächennormalen der Tragstruktur ermöglichen. Eine bekannte Verschraubung benutzt hierzu vier Schrauben, die in Aussparungen eingreifen, welche in den Seitenflächen des Hitzeschildelementes hierfür ausgebildet sind. Diese Lösung ist vielfach dadurch benachteiligt, weil einerseits die vier Schrauben zusätzliche Kühlung und dadurch mehr Kühlluftverbrauch benötigen und andererseits die Montage ein Handhabungsproblem mit sich bringt. Die Handhabung der vier Schrauben erzwingt beispielsweise Verwendung von Fixiermitteln wie Verklebung oder Klebeband, die nicht zuverlässig sind, wodurch die Schrauben verloren gehen können und wegen hoher Beschädigungsgefahr unbedingt gefunden werden müssen. Ferner ist keine Über-Kopf-Montage möglich, so dass ein erheblicher Zeitaufwand zur Positionierung einer großen Turbinenanordnung in die entsprechende montagefreundliche 6 Uhr Position der Montagestelle anfällt. Außerdem kann es notwendig sein, zwei Personen für die Montage des letzten Hitzeschildelementes einzusetzen, da die vier Schrauben in die entsprechenden vier Bohrungen in der Tragstruktur eingeführt werden müssen. Zuallerletzt ist noch zu berücksichtigen, dass die Schrauben wegen der verwendeten hochhitzebeständigen Legierung relativ teuer sind und wegen hohen Sicherheitsanforderungen bei jeder Demontage durch Neue ersetzt werden müssen.However, the last remaining heat shield element can no longer be mounted in this way because the mutually present adjacent heat shield elements block a tangentially directed assembly movement. Often, such a last heat shield element is referred to as dummy stone or dummy. Consequently, solutions are used with screws for attaching the last heat shield element, which allow mounting in the direction of the surface normal of the support structure. A known screw used for this purpose four screws which engage in recesses which are formed in the side surfaces of the heat shield element for this purpose. This solution is often disadvantaged because on the one hand, the four screws require additional cooling and thereby more cooling air consumption and on the other hand, the assembly brings a handling problem with it. The handling of the four screws, for example, enforces the use of fixatives such as bonding or adhesive tape, which are not reliable, so that the screws can be lost and must necessarily be found because of high risk of damage. Furthermore, no overhead mounting is possible, so that a considerable amount of time to position a large turbine assembly in the appropriate easy-to-assemble 6 o'clock position of the mounting station. In addition, it may be necessary for two people to install the last heat shield element as the four screws must be inserted into the corresponding four holes in the support structure. Last but not least is to consider that the screws are relatively expensive because of the highly heat-resistant alloy used and must be replaced with new ones at each dismantling because of high safety requirements.

EP 1 701 095 A1 und EP 0 558 540 B1 beschreiben beispielhaft einen wie oben beschrieben ausgeführten Hitzeschild mit den geschilderten Vorteilen und Nachteilen. Die Hitzeschildelemente werden oft auch als Steine und die sie haltenden Halteelemente Steinhalter genannt. EP 1 701 095 A1 and EP 0 558 540 B1 describe by way of example a heat shield as described above with the described advantages and disadvantages. The heat shield elements are often referred to as stones and retaining elements holding them stone holder.

Die EP 1 533 572 A1 offenbart ein Hitzeschildelement, welches von einem eine Vielzahl an benachbart an einer Tragstruktur angeordnete Hitzeschildelemente umfassenden Hitzeschild einer Gasturbinenbrennkammer umfasst ist. Das offenbarte Hitzeschildelement weist ein die Heißseite bildendes keramisches Verkleidungselement und ein die Kaltseite bildendes Dämmteil auf. Zur Befestigung des Hitzeschildelementes an der Tragstruktur ist eine Schraubverbindung innerhalb einer mittig das Verkleidungselement und das Dämmteil durchsetzenden Bohrung angeordnet.The EP 1 533 572 A1 discloses a heat shield element comprised of a heat shield of a gas turbine combustor comprising a plurality of heat shield elements disposed adjacent to a support structure. The disclosed heat shield element has a hot side forming ceramic cladding element and a cold side forming Dämm part. For fastening the heat shield element to the support structure, a screw connection is arranged within a bore passing through the center of the cladding element and the insulating part.

Die EP 0 724 116 A2 offenbart ebenfalls eine keramische Auskleidung für Brennräume mit mindestens einem Hitzeschildelement, welches zur Montage des Hitzeschildelementes an einer Tragstruktur eine durchgehende zentrale Durchbohrung aufweist, welche von einem Befestigungselement durchsetzt ist. Das Hitzeschildelement umfasst eine die Heißseite bildende keramische Wandplatte und eine die Kaltseite bildende Isolationsschicht.The EP 0 724 116 A2 also discloses a ceramic lining for combustion chambers with at least one heat shield element, which has a continuous central through hole for mounting the heat shield element on a support structure, which is penetrated by a fastening element. The heat shield member includes a ceramic wall plate forming the hot side and an insulation layer forming the cold side.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist angesichts der oben beschriebener Nachteile im Stand der Technik, ein Hitzeschildelement derart zu gestalten, dass es als ein letztes von einer Vielzahl von Hitzeschildelementen eines Hitzeschildes montierbar ist, hierbei wenige Montageelemente aufweist und die Hitze schützende Funktion, sowie die Kühlfluidzirkulation erhalten bleiben.The object of the present invention, in view of the above-described disadvantages in the prior art, is to make a heat shield member mountable as a last one of a plurality of heat shield members of a heat shield, thereby having few mounting members and the heat-protective function, as well as the cooling fluid circulation remain.

Nach einem ersten Aspekt geht die Erfindung von einem Hitzeschildelement für einen eine Vielzahl benachbart an einer Tragstruktur angeordneter Hitzeschildelemente aufweisenden Hitzeschild aus, wobei das Hitzeschildelement eine Heißseite und eine Kaltseite aufweist.According to a first aspect, the invention is directed to a heat shield element for a heat shield having a plurality of heat shield elements arranged adjacently to a support structure, the heat shield element having a hot side and a cold side.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Aufgaben werden nach diesem Aspekt dadurch gelöst, dass das Hitzeschildelement eine die Heißseite bildende Hitzeschildplatte und eine die Kaltseite bildende Trägerplatte aufweist, wobei die Hitzeschildplatte auf die Trägerplatte montierbar ist. Hierdurch ist es möglich, die Befestigung des letzen Hitzeschildelementes an der Tragstruktur in eine Befestigung der Trägerplatte an der Tragstruktur und eine Befestigung der Trägerplatte an der Hitzeschildplatte aufzuteilen und entsprechend vorteilhaft zu gestalten.The objects according to the invention are achieved according to this aspect in that the heat shield element has a heat shield plate forming the hot side and a carrier plate forming the cold side, wherein the heat shield plate can be mounted on the carrier plate. This makes it possible to divide the attachment of the last heat shield element to the support structure in an attachment of the support plate to the support structure and a fastening of the support plate to the heat shield plate and to make correspondingly advantageous.

Zur Montage der Hitzeschildplatte ist auf der Trägerplatte wenigstens eine Durchbohrung in der Hitzeschildplatte vorgesehen, wobei die Position dieser Durchbohrung in der Fläche der Hitzeschildplatte im Wesentlichen als eine symmetrische Position vorgesehen ist. Diese eine Durchbohrung reicht aus, um durch sie eine Verschraubung zu betätigen. Hierbei ist die Querabmessung der Durchbohrung vorzugsweise kleiner als der Durchmesser des Kopfes einer Befestigungsschraube, die in die Trägerplatte einsteckbar ist.For mounting the heat shield plate at least one through hole in the heat shield plate is provided on the support plate, wherein the position of this through hole in the surface of the heat shield plate is provided substantially as a symmetrical position. This one hole is sufficient to press through a screw. In this case, the transverse dimension of the throughbore is preferably smaller than the diameter of the head of a fastening screw which can be inserted into the carrier plate.

In der Trägerplatte ist gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung an einer zur Durchbohrung der Hitzeschildplatte korrespondierenden Position eine Vertiefung mit einer Durchbohrung vorgesehen, in welche die Befestigungsschraube durchsteckbar ist, wobei der Kopf der Befestigungsschraube in einem durch die Vertiefung und die zur Trägerplatte zugewandte Seite der Hitzeschildplatte ausgebildeten Raum eingesperrt ist. Dadurch kann die Befestigungsschraube nicht verloren gehen.In the carrier plate is according to the present invention, at a corresponding position for piercing the heat shield plate position a recess with a through hole provided, in which the fastening screw is push-through, wherein the head of the fastening screw is locked in a formed by the recess and the carrier plate facing side of the heat shield plate space. As a result, the fastening screw can not be lost.

Vorzugsweise ist die die Heißseite bildende Hitzeschildplatte aus einem hitzebeständigen Sinter- oder Keramikwerkstoff und die die Kaltseite bildende Trägerplatte aus einem metallischen Werkstoff oder einer Metalllegierung ausgebildet.Preferably, the heat shield plate forming the hot side is made of a heat-resistant sintered or ceramic material and the support plate forming the cold side is formed of a metallic material or a metal alloy.

Die Hitzeschildplatte weist vorzugsweise jeweils eine in den zwei einander gegenüber und einander abgewandt liegenden seitlichen Kanten liegende Halternut auf, die zum Eingreifen der Halteelemente durch Greifabschnitte vorgesehen sind.The heat shield plate preferably has a respective receiving groove located in the two mutually opposite and opposite lateral edges, which are provided for engagement of the holding elements by gripping portions.

Um das Halteelement aufzunehmen und festzuhalten, weist die Trägerplatte wenigstens eine Nut auf, die einen verbreiteten Nutgrund und einen die offene Nutseite bildenden verengten Bereich aufweist.In order to receive and hold the holding element, the carrier plate has at least one groove which has a common groove base and a narrowed region forming the open groove side.

Weitere Vorteile lassen sich mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung erreichen, wenn die Trägerplatte und die Hitzeschildplatte miteinander mithilfe von wenigstens zwei Halterelementen verklammert sind, wobei das Halteelement Mittel zum Eingreifen in die Halternuten der Hitzeschildplatte und Mittel zum Eingreifen in die Nuten der Trägerplatte aufweist.Further advantages can be achieved with an embodiment according to the invention, when the carrier plate and the heat shield plate are clamped together by means of at least two holder elements, wherein the holding element comprises means for engaging in the holder grooves of the heat shield plate and means for engaging in the grooves of the carrier plate.

Die im Halteelement ausgebildeten Mittel zum Eingreifen in die Halternuten der Hitzeschildplatte sind vorzugsweise als Greifabschnitte ausgebildet.The means formed in the holding element for engaging in the holder grooves of the heat shield plate are preferably designed as gripping sections.

Die im Halteelement ausgebildeten Mittel zum Eingreifen in die Nuten der Trägerplatte sind ferner bevorzugt als ein verbreiterter Schuh ausgebildet, dessen Breite zu der Breite des verbreiteten Nutgrundes der Nut der Trägerplatte korrespondiert.The formed in the holding element means for engaging in the grooves of the support plate are further preferably formed as a widened shoe whose width corresponds to the width of the common groove bottom of the groove of the support plate.

Das Halteelement kann ferner einen als Haltefeder dienenden Befestigungsabschnitt aufweisen, dessen Breite zu der Breite des verengten Bereiches der Nut der Trägerplatte korrespondiert.The holding element may further comprise a fixing portion serving as a retaining spring, the width of which corresponds to the width of the narrowed portion of the groove of the carrier plate.

Die Dicke der Hitzeschildplatte und die Dicke der Trägerplatte ergeben vorzugsweise eine Gesamtdicke des erfindungsgemäßen zweiteiligen Hitzeschildelementes, die der Dicke eines einteiligen keramischen Hitzeschildelementes entspricht.The thickness of the heat shield plate and the thickness of the support plate preferably give a total thickness of the two-part heat shield element according to the invention, which corresponds to the thickness of a one-piece ceramic heat shield element.

Nach einem zweiten Aspekt werden die erfindungsgemäßen Aufgaben mit einem Hitzeschild an einer Tragstruktur, aufweisend eine Vielzahl von Hitzeschildelementen, mit wenigstens einem Hitzeschildelement nach einer vorhergehend beschriebenen Ausgestaltung gelöst.According to a second aspect, the objects of the invention are achieved with a heat shield on a support structure comprising a plurality of heat shield elements, with at least one heat shield element according to a previously described embodiment.

Hierzu ist das erfindungsgemäße Hitzeschildelement als ein letztes, eine Reihe von vormontierten benachbarten Hitzeschildelementen abschließendes Hitzeschildelement vorgesehen. Erfindungsgemäß können die Aufgaben der Erfindung auch durch eine Verwendung des Hitzeschildes mit wenigstens einem Hitzeschildelement nach einer der vorhergehend beschriebenen Ausgestaltung zur Herstellung einer Verbrennungsanlage oder einer Turbinenmaschine gelöst werden, wobei die Turbinenmaschine insbesondere als eine Gasturbine ausgeführt sein kann.For this purpose, the heat shield element according to the invention is provided as a last, a series of pre-mounted adjacent heat shield elements final heat shield element. According to the invention, the objects of the invention can also be achieved by using the heat shield with at least one heat shield element according to one of the previously described embodiment for producing a combustion plant or a turbine engine, wherein the turbine engine can be designed in particular as a gas turbine.

Nach einem verfahrenstechnischen Aspekt wird zur Lösung der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgaben ein Verfahren zum Zusammenbauen eines Hitzeschildelementes nach einer der vorhergehend beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausgestaltungen verwendet.According to a procedural aspect, a method for assembling a heat shield element according to one of the previously described preferred embodiments is used to achieve the objects according to the invention.

Dieses erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich vorzugsweise dadurch aus, dass

  • die Befestigungsschraube in die in der Vertiefung vorgesehene Bohrung eingeführt wird,
  • die Hitzeschildplatte mithilfe von wenigstens zwei Halteelementen, die mit ihrem jeweiligen Schuh in die Nuten der Trägerplatte eingeführt werden, mit der metallichen Trägerplatte durch Eingriff mittels der Greifabschnitte der Halteelemente in die in den einander abgewandt liegenden Kanten der Hitzeschildplatte vorgesehene Halternuten verklammert werden.
This method according to the invention is preferably characterized in that
  • the fixing screw is inserted into the hole provided in the recess,
  • the heat shield plate by means of at least two holding elements, which are inserted with their respective shoe into the grooves of the carrier plate, with the metallic carrier plate by engagement by means of the gripping portions of the holding elements in the provided in the opposite edges of the heat shield plate holder grooves are clamped.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bringt weitere Vorteile, wenn wenigstens ein Halteelement mit der Trägerplatte an der Befestigungsöffnung kraftschlüssig befestigt wird, wobei das diesem wenigstens einen befestigten Halteelement gegenüberliegende Halteelement unbefestigt gelassen wird.The method according to the invention provides further advantages if at least one holding element is fastened non-positively to the carrier plate at the attachment opening, the holding element opposite this at least one attached holding element being left unattached.

Erfindungsgemäß ist auch eine Ausführung als ein sogenanntes Pocket-CHS (Taschenstein) möglich.According to an embodiment as a so-called pocket CHS (pocket stone) is possible.

Im Ergebnis ist es erfindungsgemäß möglich, ein Hitzeschildelement herzustellen, welches auf eine unkomplizierte Art und Weise als letztes Element eines Hitzeschildes, als eine sogenannte Attrappe montierbar ist und hierbei sowohl der Hitzeschutz als auch die Kühlung der metallischen Halteelemente und Trägerplatte durch Kühlluft gewährleistet ist.As a result, it is possible according to the invention to produce a heat shield element, which can be mounted in a straightforward manner as the last element of a heat shield, as a so-called dummy and in this case both the heat protection as well as the cooling of the metallic holding elements and carrier plate is ensured by cooling air.

Weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den übrigen, in den Unteransprüchen genannten Merkmalen. Außerdem ergeben sich weitere erfindungsgemäße Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Vorteile aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele unter Bezug auf die beigefügten Figuren.Further preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the remaining, mentioned in the dependent claims characteristics. In addition, other features, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine Teilquerschnittsansicht durch eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Hitzeschildelementes,
  • Figur 2 eine Seitenansicht auf das erfindungsgemäße Hitzeschildelement,
  • Figur 3 eine perspektivische Ansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Hitzeschildelementes,
  • Figur 4 eine perspektivische Ansicht der Tragstruktur,
  • Figur 5 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Halteelementes,
  • Figur 6 eine vergrößerte perspektivische Teilansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Hitzeschildelementes im Bereich eines Halteelementes.
  • Figur 1 zeigt eine Teilquerschnittsansicht durch eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Hitzeschildelementes 1.
The invention will be explained below in embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 a partial cross-sectional view through a preferred embodiment of the heat shield element according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 a side view of the heat shield element according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 a perspective view of the heat shield element according to the invention,
  • FIG. 4 a perspective view of the support structure,
  • FIG. 5 a perspective view of the retaining element,
  • FIG. 6 an enlarged partial perspective view of the heat shield element according to the invention in the region of a holding element.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view through a preferred embodiment of the heat shield element 1 according to the invention.

Das Hitzeschildelement ist erfindungsgemäß zweiteilig ausgeführt und weist eine vorzugsweise keramische Hitzeschildplatte 10 und eine vorzugsweise metallische Trägerplatte 5 auf. Die Gesamtdicke beider Platten ist derart gewählt, dass sie der Dicke eines normalen vollkeramischen einteiligen Hitzeschildelementes gleich ist, um einen gleichmäßig dicken Hitzeschild auszubilden.The heat shield element according to the invention is designed in two parts and has a preferably ceramic heat shield plate 10 and a preferably metallic support plate 5. The total thickness of both plates is chosen to be the thickness of a normal all-ceramic one-piece heat shield element is the same to form a uniformly thick heat shield.

Die Trägerplatte weist vorzugsweise eine in ihrer Mitte im Wesentlichen axialsymmetrisch ausgebildete Befestigungsvorrichtung auf, die aus einer zur Kaltseite 4 vorragenden Erstreckung 3 und einer Vertiefung 12, die von einer Bohrung durchlocht sind, besteht. In diese Befestigungsbohrung kann eine Befestigungsschraube 2 eingeführt werden.The support plate preferably has a fixing device which is substantially axially symmetrical in its center and which consists of an extension 3 projecting toward the cold side 4 and a depression 12 which is perforated by a bore. In this mounting hole, a fixing screw 2 can be introduced.

Beide Platten sind miteinander mithilfe von vorzugsweise federnden metallischen Haltern 7 verklammert (siehe Figuren 5 und 6), wobei der Halter 7 mit seinem Greifabschnitt 21 in eine seitliche Halternut 8 der Hitzeschildplatte 10 eingreift.Both plates are clamped together by means of preferably resilient metal holders 7 (see FIGS. 5 and 6 ), wherein the holder 7 engages with its gripping portion 21 in a lateral holder groove 8 of the heat shield plate 10.

Die Hitzeschildplatte 10 weist eine Durchbohrung 11 auf, die genau über der Befestigungsschraube 2 angeordnet ist. Durch diese Durchbohrung 11 kann ein Montagewerkzeug (nicht dargestellt) hindurch eingeführt werden, um in den Kopf der Schraube 2 einzugreifen und diese drehen zu können, wenn das Hitzeschildelement an einer Tragstruktur befestigt wird. Der Durchmesser der Durchbohrung 11 ist derart gewählt, dass das Montagewerkzeug, beispielsweise ein Schraubendreher oder ein Inbusschlüssel, gerade frei hindurchpasst. Dadurch kann der Durchmesser der Durchbohrung 11 möglichst klein gehalten werden, wodurch weniger Hitze in die Bohrung von der Heißseite 9 eindringen und dort ein Wärmeproblem verursachen kann.The heat shield plate 10 has a through bore 11, which is arranged exactly above the fastening screw 2. Through this through hole 11, an assembly tool (not shown) can be inserted therethrough to engage in the head of the screw 2 and rotate it, when the heat shield element is attached to a support structure. The diameter of the through hole 11 is selected such that the assembly tool, for example a screwdriver or an Allen wrench, just passes freely through. Thereby, the diameter of the through hole 11 can be kept as small as possible, whereby less heat can penetrate into the bore of the hot side 9 and cause a heat problem there.

Da der Kopf der Befestigungsschraube 2 jedoch viel größer als die Durchbohrung 11 ist, muss die Befestigungsschraube 2 in die Befestigungsbohrung der Vertiefung 12 eingeführt werden, bevor die Trägerplatte 5 und die Hitzeschildplatte 10 miteinander mithilfe der Halter 7 verklammert werden. Nachdem dies ausgeführt ist, befindet sich die Befestigungsschraube 2 in einem Sperrraum zwischen den beiden Platten und kann somit nicht mehr verloren gehen.However, since the head of the fixing screw 2 is much larger than the through hole 11, the fixing screw 2 must be inserted into the fixing hole of the recess 12 before the support plate 5 and the heat shield plate 10 are clamped together by means of the holders 7. After this is done, the mounting screw 2 is in a lock space between the two plates and thus can not be lost.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Seitenansicht auf das erfindungsgemäße Hitzeschildelement 1, die gegenüber der Ansicht in Figur 1 um 90 Grad gedreht ist. FIG. 2 shows a side view of the heat shield element 1 according to the invention, compared to the view in FIG. 1 turned 90 degrees.

In dieser Ansicht ist erkennbar, wie das Halteelement 7 in die Trägerplatte 5 eingelassen ist. Die zur Aufnahme des Halteelementes 7 vorgesehene Nut 6 der Trägerplatte 5 ist in einer zur Kaltseite hin vorragenden Vorstreckung 13 ausgebildet. Diese Vorsteckung 13 bildet eine Führungsschiene 13, vorzugsweise eine auf jeder Seite der Trägerplatte 5, die in die jeweilige Nut 15 der Tragstruktur 16 eingelegt wird und der Trägerplatte 5 mit der auf ihr montierten Hitzeschildplatte 10 eine genaue Positionierung und Ausrichtung ermöglicht. Die Nuten 15 in der Tragstruktur 16 müssen nicht speziell für das erfindungsgemäße Hitzeschildelement 1 in die Tragstruktur eingebracht werden, sondern sind in der Regel bereits für die Montage der normalen einteiligen keramischen Hitzeschildelemente mit Hilfe der baugleichen Halteelemente 7 vorgesehen.In this view, it can be seen how the retaining element 7 is embedded in the support plate 5. The intended for receiving the retaining element 7 groove 6 of the support plate 5 is formed in a projecting toward the cold side Vorstreckung This Vorsteckung 13 forms a guide rail 13, preferably one on each side of the support plate 5, which is inserted into the respective groove 15 of the support structure 16 and the support plate 5 with the mounted on her heat shield plate 10 allows accurate positioning and alignment. The grooves 15 in the support structure 16 need not be introduced specifically for the heat shield element 1 according to the invention in the support structure, but are usually already provided for the assembly of the normal one-piece ceramic heat shield elements using the identical holding elements 7.

Figur 3 zeigt eine perspektivische Gesamtansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Hitzeschildelementes 1, das eine keramische Hitzeschildplatte 10 und eine metallische Trägerplatte 5 aufweist. FIG. 3 shows an overall perspective view of the heat shield element 1 according to the invention, which has a ceramic heat shield plate 10 and a metallic support plate 5.

Die keramische Hitzeschildplatte 10 und die metallische Trägerplatte 5 werden vorzugsweise von vier Halteelementen 7 zusammengehalten. In einer anderen Ausgestaltung kann die Anzahl der Halter 7 auf wenigstens zwei, einen von jeder Seite, reduziert werden. Hierzu greifen die Halter 7 in die in den zwei abgewandt gegenüberliegenden Kanten der Hitzeschildplatte 10 vorgesehene Halternuten 8 ein. Eine Detaildarstellung dieser Befestigung ist in den Figuren 5 und 6 näher angegeben. Hierbei sind die Halter 7 von gleicher Bauart, wie sie konventionell zur Befestigung der einteiligen keramischen Hitzeschildelemente, z. B. der Benachbarten, verwendet werden, sind jedoch im Unterschied dazu auf eine zwischen der Hitzeschildplatte 10 und der Tragstruktur 16 positionierte metallische Trägerplatte 5 montiert.The ceramic heat shield plate 10 and the metallic support plate 5 are preferably held together by four retaining elements 7. In another embodiment, the number of holders 7 may be reduced to at least two, one from each side. For this purpose, the holders 7 engage in the holder grooves 8 provided in the two oppositely facing edges of the heat shield plate 10. A detail of this attachment is in the FIGS. 5 and 6 specified. Here, the holder 7 of the same type as conventional for mounting the one-piece ceramic heat shield elements, z. As the adjacent, but are in contrast to a between the Heat shield plate 10 and the support structure 16 positioned metallic support plate 5 mounted.

Die Durchbohrung 11 dient wie oben beschrieben zum Durchstecken eines schmalen Montagewerkzeugs, um die Befestigungsschraube 2 in die Tragstruktur 16 einzuschrauben, wo entweder ein Gewinde vorhanden ist oder eine Gegenmutter positioniert wird.The through hole 11 serves as described above for inserting a narrow mounting tool to screw the fixing screw 2 in the support structure 16, where either a thread is present or a lock nut is positioned.

In Figur 4 ist eine perspektivische Ansicht der Tragstruktur 16, beispielsweise einer Turbinenmaschine, dargestellt.In FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the support structure 16, for example, a turbine engine, shown.

Die Tragstruktur 16 weist parallel angeordnete Nuten 15 auf, in welche die einteiligen keramischen Hitzeschildelemente hintereinander mithilfe der federnden metallischen Halter 7 verklammert werden. Vorzugsweise das letzte Stück des Hitzeschildes wird mit dem erfindungsgemäßen zweiteiligen Hitzeschildelement 1 gebildet.The support structure 16 has parallel grooves 15, in which the one-piece ceramic heat shield elements are clamped one behind the other by means of the resilient metallic holder 7. Preferably, the last piece of the heat shield is formed with the two-part heat shield element 1 according to the invention.

Hierzu ist in der Tragstruktur 16 genau an der Stelle des letzten Hitzeschildelementes eine Ausbohrung 22 vorgesehen, in welche die vorragende Erstreckung 3 der metallischen Trägerplatte 5 des Hitzeschildelementes eingepasst wird. Gleichzeitig werden die zwei parallel angeordnete und entsprechend dimensionierte Vorstreckungen 13 in die parallel angeordnetn, ggf. verbreiterten Nuten 15 der Tragstruktur 16 eingepasst, sodass das erfindungsgemäße zweiteilige Hitzeschildelement 1 eine genau vorgegebene Position auf der Tragstruktur 16 einnimmt.For this purpose, a bore 22 is provided in the support structure 16 exactly at the location of the last heat shield element into which the protruding extension 3 of the metallic support plate 5 of the heat shield element is fitted. At the same time the two parallel arranged and correspondingly sized Vorstreckungen 13 are arranged in the parallel arranged, possibly widened grooves 15 of the support structure 16, so that the two-part heat shield element 1 according to the invention assumes a precisely predetermined position on the support structure 16.

Die Tragstruktur 16 kann ferner in bevorzugten Ausgestaltungen Kühlöffnungen 23 aufweisen, die mit Kühlluftkanälen verbunden sind.The support structure 16 may further include, in preferred embodiments, cooling apertures 23 connected to cooling air passages.

Die Fläche der Tragstruktur 16 kann flach oder gekrümmt sein. Ferner kann die Krümmung sowohl konvex als auch konkav ausgebildet sein.The surface of the support structure 16 may be flat or curved. Furthermore, the curvature can be formed both convex and concave.

Die bevorzugte Bestimmung des erfindungsgemäßen zweiteiligen Hitzeschildelementes 1 ist als ein abschließendes Element des Hitzeschildes in einer dadurch bedingten Montagerichtung, die im Wesentlichen der Normalen auf die Oberfläche der Tragstruktur folgt, vorgesehen. Es kann jedoch im Sinne eines einfacheren Zugangs und verringerten Aufwandes zum Austausch eines defekten Hitzeschildelementes vorgesehen sein, mehrere Abschlussstellen in einer Hitzeschildreihe vorzusehen. Dann müssen nicht alle Hitzeschildelemente einer Reihe ausgebaut werden, um nur wenige Elemente auszutauschen.The preferred determination of the two-part heat shield element 1 according to the invention is provided as a final element of the heat shield in a consequent mounting direction which follows substantially the normal to the surface of the support structure. However, it may be provided in terms of easier access and reduced effort to replace a defective heat shield element to provide multiple termination points in a heat shield row. Then not all heat shield elements in a row need to be removed to replace only a few elements.

Ferner ermöglicht das erfindungsgemäße zweiteilige Hitzeschildelement 1 eine einfache Montage durch eine Person und nur von einer Seite der Anlage aus, wenn in der Tragstruktur 16 eine Gewindevorrichtung oder ein Gewinde für die Befestigungsschraube 2 vorgesehen ist.Furthermore, the two-part heat shield element 1 according to the invention enables simple assembly by a person and only from one side of the installation if a thread device or a thread for the fastening screw 2 is provided in the support structure 16.

Figur 5 zeigt ein Halteelement 7 in einer perspektivischen Darstellung. Das Halteelement 7 ist vorzugsweise aus Metall hergestellt und umfasst einen Befestigungsabschnitt 18, auch Haltefeder genannt, mit dem das Halteelement 7 an einer Tragstruktur 16 einer Brennkammerwand, beispielsweise der Brennkammerwand einer Gasturbinenanlage befestigt werden kann. FIG. 5 shows a holding element 7 in a perspective view. The retaining element 7 is preferably made of metal and comprises a fastening section 18, also called a retaining spring, with which the retaining element 7 can be fastened to a support structure 16 of a combustion chamber wall, for example the combustion chamber wall of a gas turbine plant.

Die Halteelemente 7 sind an der Trägerplatte 5 in jeweils einer Nut 6 geführt (vgl. Fig. 6).The holding elements 7 are guided on the support plate 5 in each case a groove 6 (see. Fig. 6 ).

Hierbei greift ein verbreiterter Abschnitt des Befestigungsabschnittes 18, der sogenannte Schuh des Haltelementes 7, eng toleriert in eine parallel zur Oberfläche der Trägerplatte 5 eingelassene (beispielsweise ca. 10 mm tiefe) Nut 6 ein. Eine derartige Befestigung der einteilig aus Keramik hergestellten normalen Hitzeschildelemente an einer Tragstruktur 16 ist bekannt. Erfindungsgemäß ist diese bekannte Befestigungsweise nun auf eine als ein Zwischenelement dienende Trägerplatte 5 angewendet. Hierdurch sind die Vorteile einer erprobten Befestigungsart erfindungsgemäß beibehalten.Here engages a widened portion of the mounting portion 18, the so-called shoe of the retaining element 7, closely tolerated in a parallel to the surface of the support plate 5 embedded (for example, about 10 mm deep) groove 6 a. Such attachment of the one-piece ceramic-made normal heat shield elements to a support structure 16 is known. According to the invention, this known fastening method is now applied to a support plate 5 serving as an intermediate element. As a result, the advantages of a proven method of attachment according to the invention are maintained.

Die Nut 6 ist so ausgeführt, dass sie nur im Nutgrund die für das Einschieben der Schuhe erforderliche Breite hat. Bei einem Hochziehen des Haltelementes 7 in der Nut 6 stützt dieses sich an dem engen Bereich der Nut 7 ab, wodurch eine das Haltelement 7 haltende Haltekraft vermittelt wird. Der nicht verbreiterte Teil des Befestigungsabschnitts 18 kann dadurch ungehindert in der Nut 6 angehoben werden. Die Befestigungsöffnung 17 im Schuh dient zur Fixierung aller oder mancher Haltelemente 7 in der Nut, was von der Kaltseite der Trägerplatte 5 aus mithilfe von Stiften, Arretiermaden oder Verschraubung erfolgen kann. Üblicherweise wird ein Hitzeschildelement an zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten von jeweils zwei Haltelementen 7, also insgesamt von vier Haltelementen 7, gehalten.The groove 6 is designed so that it has the required width for inserting the shoes width only in the groove base. When pulling up the holding element 7 in the groove 6, this is supported on the narrow region of the groove 7, whereby a holding force holding the holding element 7 is mediated. The non-widened part of the attachment portion 18 can thereby be lifted freely in the groove 6. The attachment opening 17 in the shoe serves to fix all or some holding elements 7 in the groove, which can be done from the cold side of the support plate 5 by means of pins, Arretiermaden or screwing. Usually, a heat shield element is held on two opposite sides of two holding elements 7, that is, a total of four holding elements 7.

Die Befestigungsabschnitte 3 der an der anderen Seite angeordneten Halteelemente 7 sind in einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung nicht gesichert, sodass sie gleiten können, um die thermische Dehnung des Hitzeschildelementes nicht zu behindern.The attachment portions 3 of the holding elements 7 arranged on the other side are not secured in a preferred embodiment, so that they can slide in order not to hinder the thermal expansion of the heat shield element.

An demjenigen Ende der Haltefeder 18, welches dem Ende mit der Befestigungsöffnung 17 gegenüberliegt, ist ein Halterkopf 20 ausgebildet. Dieser Halterkopf 20 weist einen im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Haltefeder 18 angewinkelten Abschnitt 19 sowie ein Greifabschnitt 21, der wiederum im Wesentlichen senkrecht zum Abschnitt 19 abgewinkelt ist, auf. Der Greifabschnitt 21, auch Greiflasche genannt, dient zum Eingriff in die Nut eines Hitzeschildelementes. Ein Hitzeschildelement kann durch Eingriff von Greiflaschen 21 von Halteelementen 7, die an einer Trägerplatte 5 befestigt sind, in die Halternuten 8 einander abgewandter Seiten der Hitzeschildplatte 10 mit der Trägerplatte verklammert werden (siehe Fig. 6).At that end of the retaining spring 18, which is opposite to the end with the attachment opening 17, a holder head 20 is formed. This holder head 20 has a section 19, which is angled substantially at right angles to the retaining spring 18, and a gripping section 21, which in turn is angled substantially perpendicular to the section 19. The gripping portion 21, also called the gripping tab, is used to engage in the groove of a heat shield element. A heat shield element can be clamped by engagement of gripping tabs 21 of holding elements 7, which are fixed to a support plate 5, in the holder grooves 8 opposite sides of the heat shield plate 10 with the support plate (see Fig. 6 ).

Figur 6 zeigt eine vergrößerte perspektivische Teilansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Hitzeschildelementes 1 im Bereich eines Halteelementes 7. FIG. 6 shows an enlarged partial perspective view of the heat shield element 1 according to the invention in the region of a holding element. 7

Die oberhalb dargestellte keramische Hitzeschildplatte 10 mit der Heißseite 9 ist hierbei auf der unter ihr angeordneten metallischen Trägerplatte 5 angeordnet und mit dem unter Figur 5 beschriebenen Halteelement 7 verklammert. Die Nut 6 der Trägerplatte 5 weist hierbei einen breiteren Nutgrund und einen engen Bereich 14 auf, durch den die Haltefeder 18 des Halteelementes 7 austreten kann, während der Schuh mit der Befestigungsöffnung 17 zurückgehalten wird.The above-described ceramic heat shield plate 10 with the hot side 9 is in this case arranged on the arranged below it metallic support plate 5 and clamped with the retaining element 7 described in Figure 5. The groove 6 of the support plate 5 in this case has a wider groove bottom and a narrow portion 14 through which the retaining spring 18 of the retaining element 7 can escape while the shoe is retained with the mounting hole 17.

Claims (14)

  1. Heat shield element (1) for a heat shield comprising a large number of heat shield elements disposed adjacently on a support structure (16), wherein the heat shield element (1) comprises a hot side (9) and a cold side (4), the heat shield element (1) comprises a heat shield plate (10) forming the hot side and a carrier plate (5) forming the cold side, wherein the heat shield plate (10) can be assembled on the carrier plate (5), wherein
    at least one through hole (11) is provided in the heat shield plate (10) in order to assemble the heat shield plate (10) on the carrier plate (5), wherein the position of this through hole (11) is provided substantially as a symmetrical position in the surface of the heat shield plate (10), and the transverse dimension of the through hole (11) is provided so as to be smaller than the diameter of the head of a fixing screw (2) which can be inserted in the carrier plate (5), characterised in that a depression (12) having a through hole is provided in the carrier plate (5) at a position corresponding to the through hole (11) of the heat shield plate (10), through which the fixing screw (2) can be inserted, wherein the head of the fixing screw (2) is captured in a space formed by the depression (12) and the side of the heat shield plate (10) facing the carrier plate (5).
  2. Heat shield element (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that
    the heat shield plate (10) forming the hot side is constructed from a heat-resistant sintered or ceramic material.
  3. Heat shield element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the carrier plate (5) forming the cold side is constructed from a metal material or a metal alloy.
  4. Heat shield element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the heat shield plate (10) comprises a respective holder groove (8), located in the two lateral edges that oppose and face away from each other, which are provided for engaging the retaining elements (7) by way of gripping sections (21).
  5. Heat shield element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the carrier plate (5) comprises at least one groove (6) which has a widened groove base and a constricted region (14) forming the open side of the groove.
  6. Heat shield element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 4 to 5,
    characterised in that
    the carrier plate (5) and the heat shield plate (10) are clamped together with the aid of at least two retaining elements (7), the retaining element (7) comprising means for engaging in the holder grooves (8) of the heat shield plate (10) and means for engaging in the grooves (6) of the carrier plate (5).
  7. Heat shield element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 4 to 6,
    characterised in that
    the means formed in the holding element (7) for engaging in the holder grooves (8) of the heat shield plate (10) are constructed as gripping sections (21).
  8. Heat shield element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the means constructed in the retaining element (7) for engaging in the grooves (6) of the carrier plate (5) are constructed as a widened shoe whose width corresponds with the width of the widened base of the groove (6) of the carrier plate (5).
  9. Heat shield element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the retaining element (7) comprises a securing section (18) serving as a retaining spring (18) and whose width corresponds with the width of the constricted region (14) of the groove (6) of the carrier plate (5).
  10. Heat shield element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the thickness (a) of the heat shield plate (10) and the thickness (b) of the carrier plate (5) produce a total thickness (c) which matches the thickness of a one-part ceramic heat shield element.
  11. Heat shield on a support structure (16) comprising a large number of heat shield elements, having at least one heat shield element (1) which is provided as a final heat shield element ending a row of pre-assembled adjacent heat shield elements,
    characterised in that the heat shield element (1) is constructed according to any one of the preceding claims.
  12. Use of the heat shield comprising at least one heat shield element according to any one of the preceding claims for producing a combustor or a turbine machine, wherein the turbine machine is designed as a gas turbine or a liquid fuel turbine.
  13. Method for assembling a heat shield element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    - the fixing screw (2) is introduced into the hole provided in the depression (12),
    - the heat shield plate (10) is clamped with the aid of at least two retaining elements (7), which are introduced with their respective shoe into the grooves (6) of the carrier plate (5), to the metal carrier plate (5) by engagement by means of the gripping sections (21) of the holding elements (7) in the holder grooves (8) provided in the edges of the heat shield plate (10) that face away from each other.
  14. Method according to claim 13,
    characterised in that
    at least one retaining element (7) is non-positively secured to the carrier plate (5) at the securing opening (17), the retaining element (7) opposing this at least one secured retaining element (7) being left unsecured.
EP09784070.6A 2009-03-17 2009-12-02 Heat shield element of a heat shield Not-in-force EP2409083B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09784070.6A EP2409083B1 (en) 2009-03-17 2009-12-02 Heat shield element of a heat shield

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09155390A EP2236928A1 (en) 2009-03-17 2009-03-17 Heat shield element
EP09784070.6A EP2409083B1 (en) 2009-03-17 2009-12-02 Heat shield element of a heat shield
PCT/EP2009/066243 WO2010105709A2 (en) 2009-03-17 2009-12-02 Heat shield element of a heat shield

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2409083A2 EP2409083A2 (en) 2012-01-25
EP2409083B1 true EP2409083B1 (en) 2015-07-29

Family

ID=40886950

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09155390A Withdrawn EP2236928A1 (en) 2009-03-17 2009-03-17 Heat shield element
EP09784070.6A Not-in-force EP2409083B1 (en) 2009-03-17 2009-12-02 Heat shield element of a heat shield

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09155390A Withdrawn EP2236928A1 (en) 2009-03-17 2009-03-17 Heat shield element

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20110318531A1 (en)
EP (2) EP2236928A1 (en)
CN (2) CN103759293A (en)
RU (1) RU2515692C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2010105709A2 (en)

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ITMI20131115A1 (en) 2013-07-03 2015-01-04 Ansaldo Energia Spa TILE FOR THE COVERING OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, IN PARTICULAR OF PLANTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRIC GAS TURBINE ENERGY, AND A COMBUSTION CHAMBER INCLUDING THE TILE
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WO2018068980A1 (en) 2016-10-13 2018-04-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Heat shield element having tile and carrier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2409083A2 (en) 2012-01-25
CN102356277A (en) 2012-02-15
EP2236928A1 (en) 2010-10-06
WO2010105709A2 (en) 2010-09-23
WO2010105709A3 (en) 2011-04-14
RU2515692C2 (en) 2014-05-20
CN103759293A (en) 2014-04-30
CN102356277B (en) 2014-10-22
RU2011141839A (en) 2013-04-27
US20110318531A1 (en) 2011-12-29

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