EP2407935B1 - Control device for a road toll system - Google Patents

Control device for a road toll system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2407935B1
EP2407935B1 EP11008288A EP11008288A EP2407935B1 EP 2407935 B1 EP2407935 B1 EP 2407935B1 EP 11008288 A EP11008288 A EP 11008288A EP 11008288 A EP11008288 A EP 11008288A EP 2407935 B1 EP2407935 B1 EP 2407935B1
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Prior art keywords
beacon
toll
location data
monitoring device
data set
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EP11008288A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2407935A1 (en
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Peter Van Haperen
Jan Kersten
Jasja Tijink
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Kapsch TrafficCom AG
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Kapsch TrafficCom AG
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Application filed by Kapsch TrafficCom AG filed Critical Kapsch TrafficCom AG
Priority to SI200930515T priority Critical patent/SI2407935T1/en
Priority to DK11008288.0T priority patent/DK2407935T3/en
Priority to PL11008288T priority patent/PL2407935T3/en
Publication of EP2407935A1 publication Critical patent/EP2407935A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
    • G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a monitoring device for a road toll system with a radio beacon that receives position data sequences of vehicle devices in their transceiver area and calculates toll information based on at least one stored location data set of tollable geo-objects and sends it to a toll center and also transmits the location data record in its transceiver area.
  • Infrastructure-based tolling systems achieve a high security of leases, but require a comprehensive roadside infrastructure to localize OBUs area-wide, because the local resolution of the localization of the size of the transceiver areas and number of beacons results.
  • infrastructure-free toll systems have a principle due to the self-localization capability of the OBUs unlimited area coverage, however, requires in thin client systems an enormous computing power (server farm) in the toll center to generate toll information from the raw location data of the OBUs or, in the case of "thick client" systems, correspondingly complex OBUs covering the entire toll cards of the toll station Toll coverage area record and process, which also requires a correspondingly complex distribution and updating the toll card over the mobile network. This traffic is bandwidth-consuming and not least expensive for the user.
  • the invention claimed in the parent application of the present divisional application set itself the goal of creating solutions which combine the advantages of the known systems without assuming their respective disadvantages.
  • novel radio beacons have been proposed which distribute local toll cards in the form of local data sets of tolling geo objects of their local environment to passing "thick client" OBUs for their autonomous toll information calculation, but also themselves for the calculation of toll information from raw client data received from "thin client” OBUs .
  • the invention claimed in the present divisional application seeks to provide a device for checking the correct functioning of thin-client OBUs in such a scenario.
  • a monitoring device of the aforementioned kind which according to the invention is designed to detect movements of vehicle devices and based on a location data set received from a beacon and the detected movements of vehicle devices in the local environment of this beacon, the toll information generated by the beacon to check.
  • the monitoring device is designed to receive the location data set via short range radio communication from the beacon, more preferably according to the DSRC, WAVE or WLAN standard, so that for this purpose the same radio interface can be used, via which the radio beacons with the OBUs communicate.
  • short-range radio communications in the present specification radio distances (cell radii) of up to several kilometers are meant.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the monitor causes further measures in the negative examination result, namely photo or video recordings and / or the recording and storage of data of the vehicle device.
  • Fig. 1 1 is a detail of a road toll system 1 with a toll center (central system, CS) 2 and a multiplicity thereof via connections 2 'of connected, geographically distributed short range radio beacons ("beacons" for short) 3.
  • CS central system
  • the short-range radio communication between the beacons 3 and the OBUs 4 preferably takes place according to the DSRC, WAVE or WLAN standard.
  • the OBUs 4 are carried by vehicles 6 which are located on traffic areas 7, e.g. Roads, highways, parking lots, parking garages, etc., of the coverage area 8 of the road toll system 1 move.
  • traffic areas 7, e.g. Roads, highways, parking lots, parking garages, etc. of the coverage area 8 of the road toll system 1 move.
  • the coverage area 8 of the road toll system 1 is subdivided into a multiplicity of adjoining local surroundings U 0 , U 1 , U 2 , U 3 , U 4 (generally U i ), to each of which one of the beacons 3 is allocated.
  • the local environment U i of a beacon 3 is preferably greater than its transceiver range S i .
  • Tolled geo-objects are distributed accordingly to the local environments U i .
  • Each beacon 3 is thus responsible for the tolling of the geo objects O ij in their environment U i .
  • the tolled geo-objects O ij can be of any kind.
  • Fig. 1 Some examples are shown, such as road sections O 11 , O 12 and O 21 , whose driving is to be marred, a parking O 23 , whose use time is to be charged, and a barrier O 22 , whose passage is toll road.
  • each OBU 4 is equipped with a device 9 for their self-sufficient positioning.
  • the device 9 is preferably a satellite navigation receiver, For example, GPS receiver, which continuously determines its position in a global navigation satellite system and from a sequence ("track") of position data ("position fixes") p 1 , p 2 , ... generated in a first memory 10 of OBU 4 is recorded.
  • the memory 10 is preferably a ring memory which contains only the last position data p i determined.
  • Each beacon 3 in a local memory 11 provides the location data of the geoobjects o ij of its environment U i as a location dataset m i for passing OBUs 4.
  • the location data set m i is entered locally into the beacon 3 or distributed centrally from the toll center 2 via the connections 2 'to the beacons 3.
  • each beacon 3 preferably also contains the location data sets of one or more adjacent neighborhoods U i , such as, for example, the beacon RSE 2 for the location records m 1 and m 3 of the neighboring neighborhoods U 1 and U 3 .
  • the beacon 3 When an OBU 4 enters the transceiver area S i of a beacon 3, the beacon 3 sends the location data sets m i provided in its memory 11 to the OBU 4, which receives these via its transceiver 5 and stores them in a second memory 12. Also, the second memory 12 is preferably a ring memory, which receives only the last received location records m i .
  • the OBU 4 compares the position data sequence t recorded in the memory 10 with the received location data records m i in the memory 12 for geographic similarity or "map-making" (block 14), in order to generate toll information tc ("toll charge").
  • the toll information tc generated in the OBU 4 are deposited via the transceiver 5 to a beacon 3, either to the same beacon 3, if the OBU 4 is still in its transceiving area S i, or at a later time to a next beacon 3, in whose transmission reception area S i the OBU 4 arrives on its way.
  • Fig. 3 shows the procedure of the procedure again in detail.
  • a first step a one or more sets m i with location data of tollable geo objects o ij of the respective surroundings U i of a beacon 3 are provided in the beacons 3, for example by receiving the toll center 2 via the links 2 '.
  • an OBU 4 records a first sequence t 1 of position data ⁇ p 1 , p 2 , p 3 , ... ⁇ in its memory 10.
  • the OBU 4 arrives in the transceiver area S 1 of a first beacon 3, in this case RSE 1 , it receives the location data set m 1 of the beacon RSE 1 and, optionally, this - following a corresponding handshake ("connect") -
  • the location records m 0 , m 2 of the neighboring environments U 0 , U 2 .
  • the OBU 4 carries out a comparison between the recorded position data sequence t 1 and the received location data records m 0 , m 1 , m 2 ("map matching" block 14), possibly taking into account geo-object data. and / or OBU (setting) -specific charging information received together with the location records m i , and generates toll information tc 1 therefrom.
  • the toll information tc 1 is sent to the toll center 2 via the transceiver 5 of the OBU 4 and via the next available beacon 3, in this case also the beacon RSE 1 .
  • the ring buffer 10 can be erased and recorded with the position data p i are restarted to record a next positional data sequence t 2 ⁇ p 1 , p 2 , ... ⁇ .
  • steps c) and d) are again carried out.
  • the generated second toll information tc 2 via one of the next beacons 3 on the way, here the beacon RSE 3 are sent to the toll center 2, for example, when the transceiver area S 2 of the second beacon RSE 2 already during the step d) has been.
  • the location records m i the beacons 3 are also provided (stationary or mobile) monitoring devices 15 of the road toll system 1, u.zw. preferably by direct transmission from beacons 3 via said short range radio communication.
  • the monitoring devices 15 are in a conventional manner capable of detecting the movements of vehicles 6 with vehicle devices 4 in their vicinity, for example by means of photo or video surveillance, photoelectric sensors, radar or laser scanners, etc.
  • the monitoring devices 15 check on the basis of the location data sets m i of a beacon 3 and the detected vehicle movements in the surroundings U i of the beacon 3 the toll information tc i generated by the vehicle devices 4 and can thus cause further measures in the event of a divergence, eg a malfunction or a toll offense, For example, a photo or video recording of the vehicle 6 and / or a registration and storage of data of the vehicle device. 4
  • the toll system 1 also comprises "thin client” -OBUs which their position data sequences ti directly to a beacon 3 send, so that it produces therefrom based on their location-data sets m i the toll information tc i.
  • the monitoring devices 15 in this case are designed based on the location records received from a beacon m i and the detected movements of the OBUs in the local environment U i of a beacon to check the toll information generated by this beacon 3 tc i .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Cash Registers Or Receiving Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves providing a location data record (mi) of toll road geo objects (o-11) from the local proximity (U-1) of a beacon (3). A road toll system (1) comprises a toll center (2) having a vehicle unit (4). The location data record is received from the beacon, when the vehicle unit is arranged in the reception area (S-1) of the beacon. Independent claims are also included for: (1) a vehicle equipment for a road toll system; (2) a beacon for a road toll system; and (3) a control instrument for a road toll system.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Überwachungsgerät für ein Straßenmautsystem mit einer Funkbake, die Positionsdatenfolgen von Fahrzeuggeräten in ihrem Sendeempfangsbereich empfängt und daraus anhand zumindest eines gespeicherten Ortsdatensatzes mautpflichtiger Geoobjekte Mautinformationen berechnet und an eine Mautzentrale sendet und den Ortsdatensatz auch in ihrem Sendeempfangsbereich aussendet.The present invention relates to a monitoring device for a road toll system with a radio beacon that receives position data sequences of vehicle devices in their transceiver area and calculates toll information based on at least one stored location data set of tollable geo-objects and sends it to a toll center and also transmits the location data record in its transceiver area.

Moderne Straßenmautsysteme folgen in ihren Funktionen, Rollenverteilungen und Schnittstellen den im Standard ISO 17573, "Road Transport and Traffic Telematics - Electronic Fee Collection - System Architecture for Vehicle Related Transport Services", definierten Prinzipien. Danach gibt es derzeit im wesentlichen zwei grundlegende Arten von Systemen:

  • "Infrastrukturgebundene" Systeme, z.B. DSRC-Mautsysteme (dedicated short range communication), bei denen eine straßenseitige Infrastruktur (roadside equipment, RSE), beispielsweise DSRC-Funkbaken, die OBUs lokalisiert und vermautet; und
  • "infrastrukturlose" Systeme wie GNSS-Mautsysteme (global navigation satellite systems), bei welchen sich die OBUs autark selbst lokalisieren und entweder "rohe" Positionsdaten (als sog. "thin clients") oder daraus auf Grundlage von Mautkarten "fertig" berechnete Mautinformationen (als sog. "thick clients") über ein Mobilfunknetz (cellular network, CN) an die Mautzentrale senden.
Modern road toll systems follow in their functions, role distributions and interfaces the principles defined in the standard ISO 17573, "Road Transport and Traffic Telematics - Electronic Fee Collection - System Architecture for Vehicle Related Transport Services". After that, there are currently essentially two basic types of systems:
  • "Infrastructure-linked" systems, eg dedicated short range communication (DSRC) toll systems, where roadside equipment (RSE), such as DSRC beacons, locates and loops the OBUs; and
  • "infrastructural" systems such as GNSS toll collection systems (global navigation satellite systems), in which the OBUs autonomously locate themselves and either "raw" position data (as so-called "thin clients") or toll information calculated on the basis of toll cards ( as so-called "thick clients") via a cellular network (CN) to the toll center.

Infrastrukturgebundene Mautsysteme erreichen eine hohe Vermautungssicherheit, benötigen dazu jedoch eine umfangreiche straßenseitige Infrastruktur, um OBUs flächendeckend lokalisieren zu können, weil sich die Ortsauflösung der Lokalisierung aus der Größe der Sendeempfangsbereiche und Anzahl der Baken ergibt. Infrastrukturlose Mautsysteme haben anderseits aufgrund der Selbstlokalisierungsfähigkeit der OBUs eine prinzipiell unbegrenzte Flächenabdeckung, erfordern jedoch bei "thin client"-Systemen eine enorme Rechenleistung (Serverfarm) in der Mautzentrale, um aus den rohen Positionsdaten der OBUs Mautinformationen zu erzeugen, oder bei "thick client"-Systemen entsprechend aufwendige OBUs, welche die gesamten Mautkarten des Mautabdeckungsgebiets aufnehmen und verarbeiten können, was auch eine entsprechend aufwendige Verteilung und Aktualisierung der Mautkarten über das Mobilfunknetz voraussetzt. Dieser Datenverkehr ist bandbreitenverzehrend und nicht zuletzt kostspielig für den Benutzer.Infrastructure-based tolling systems achieve a high security of leases, but require a comprehensive roadside infrastructure to localize OBUs area-wide, because the local resolution of the localization of the size of the transceiver areas and number of beacons results. On the other hand, infrastructure-free toll systems have a principle due to the self-localization capability of the OBUs unlimited area coverage, however, requires in thin client systems an enormous computing power (server farm) in the toll center to generate toll information from the raw location data of the OBUs or, in the case of "thick client" systems, correspondingly complex OBUs covering the entire toll cards of the toll station Toll coverage area record and process, which also requires a correspondingly complex distribution and updating the toll card over the mobile network. This traffic is bandwidth-consuming and not least expensive for the user.

Die in der Stammanmeldung der vorliegenden Teilanmeldung beanspruchte Erfindung setzte sich zum Ziel, Lösungen zu schaffen, welche die Vorteile der bekannten Systeme vereinen, ohne deren jeweilige Nachteile zu übernehmen. Dazu wurden in der Stammanmeldung u.a. neuartige Funkbaken vorgeschlagen, welche lokale Mautkarten in Form von Ortsdatensätzen mautpflichtiger Geoobjekte ihrer lokalen Umgebung an passierende "thick client"-OBUs für deren autarke Mautinformationsberechnung verteilen, aber auch selbst für die Berechnung von Mautinformationen aus von "thin client"-OBUs empfangenen rohen Positionsdaten verwenden. Die in der vorliegenden Teilanmeldung beanspruchte Erfindung setzt sich zum Ziel, eine Vorrichtung zur Überprüfung der korrekten Funktion von "thin-client"-OBUs in einem solchen Szenario zu schaffen.The invention claimed in the parent application of the present divisional application set itself the goal of creating solutions which combine the advantages of the known systems without assuming their respective disadvantages. For this purpose, in the parent application u.a. novel radio beacons have been proposed which distribute local toll cards in the form of local data sets of tolling geo objects of their local environment to passing "thick client" OBUs for their autonomous toll information calculation, but also themselves for the calculation of toll information from raw client data received from "thin client" OBUs , The invention claimed in the present divisional application seeks to provide a device for checking the correct functioning of thin-client OBUs in such a scenario.

Dieses Ziel wird mit einem Überwachungsgerät der einleitend genannten Art erreicht, das erfindungsgemäß dazu ausgebildet ist, Bewegungen von Fahrzeuggeräten zu detektieren und auf Grundlage eines von einer Bake empfangenen Ortsdatensatzes und der detektierten Bewegungen von Fahrzeuggeräten in der lokalen Umgebung dieser Bake die von der Bake erzeugten Mautinformationen zu überprüfen.This object is achieved with a monitoring device of the aforementioned kind, which according to the invention is designed to detect movements of vehicle devices and based on a location data set received from a beacon and the detected movements of vehicle devices in the local environment of this beacon, the toll information generated by the beacon to check.

Auf diese Weise kann die korrekte Funktion von "thin-client"-OBUs im Zusammenspiel mit Funkbaken der Stammanmeldung, die neben ihrer Mautkarten-Verteilungsfunktion für solche "thick client"-OBUs auch dezentrale "map matching"-Funktionen für "thin client"-OBUs ausführen, direkt vor Ort gegen die realen Fahrtbewegungen der "thin client"-OBUs gegengeprüft werden.In this way, the correct functioning of "thin client" OBUs in conjunction with radio beacons of the parent application, In addition to their toll card distribution function for such "thick client" OBUs, they also carry out decentralized "map matching" functions for "thin client" OBUs, which are checked directly against the real driving movements of the "thin client" OBUs.

Bevorzugt ist das Überwachungsgerät dafür ausgebildet, den Ortsdatensatz über Kurzreichweiten-Funkkommunikation von der Bake zu empfangen, besonders bevorzugt nach dem DSRC-, WAVE-oder WLAN-Standard, so dass hiefür dieselbe Funkschnittstelle verwendet werden kann, über welche die Funkbaken auch mit den OBUs kommunizieren.Preferably, the monitoring device is designed to receive the location data set via short range radio communication from the beacon, more preferably according to the DSRC, WAVE or WLAN standard, so that for this purpose the same radio interface can be used, via which the radio beacons with the OBUs communicate.

Unter "Kurzreichweiten"-Funkkommunikationen werden in der vorliegenden Beschreibung Funkentfernungen (Zellradien) von bis zu einigen Kilometern verstanden.By "short-range" radio communications in the present specification radio distances (cell radii) of up to several kilometers are meant.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass das Überwachungsgerät bei negativem Überprüfungsergebnis weitere Maßnahmen veranlasst, und zwar Foto- oder Videoaufnahmen und/oder die Aufnahme und Speicherung von Daten des Fahrzeuggeräts.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the monitor causes further measures in the negative examination result, namely photo or video recordings and / or the recording and storage of data of the vehicle device.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in den beigeschlossenen Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine ausschnittsweise und schematische Draufsicht eines Straßenmautsystems, welches erfindungsgemäße Überwachungsgeräte umfasst;
  • Fig. 2 ein Blockschaltbild eines Fahrzeuggeräts des Straßenmautsystems von Fig. 1; und
  • Fig. 3 ein Sequenzdiagramm eines Verfahrens, das in dem Straßenmautsystem von Fig. 1 abläuft.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings shows
  • Fig. 1 a fragmentary and schematic plan view of a road toll system, which comprises monitoring devices according to the invention;
  • Fig. 2 a block diagram of a vehicle device of the road toll system of Fig. 1 ; and
  • Fig. 3 a sequence diagram of a method that in the road toll system of Fig. 1 expires.

In Fig. 1 ist ausschnittsweise ein Straßenmautsystem 1 mit einer Mautzentrale (central system, CS) 2 und einer Vielzahl daran über Verbindungen 2' angeschlossener, geographisch verteilter Kurzreichweiten-Funkbaken (kurz "Baken") 3 gezeigt.In Fig. 1 1 is a detail of a road toll system 1 with a toll center (central system, CS) 2 and a multiplicity thereof via connections 2 'of connected, geographically distributed short range radio beacons ("beacons" for short) 3.

Die Baken 3, von denen hier stellvertretend drei Baken RSE1, RSE2, RSE3 (allgemein RSEi) gezeigt sind, haben jeweils einen lokal begrenzten Sendeempfangsbereich S1, S2, S3 (allgemein Si), innerhalb dessen sie mit Fahrzeuggeräten bzw. OBUs 4 kommunizieren können. Zu diesem Zweck sind die OBUs 4 mit entsprechenden Kurzreichweiten-Sendeempfängern 5 (Fig. 2) zur Funkkommunikation mit den Baken 3 ausgestattet. Die Kurzreichweiten-Funkkommunikation zwischen den Baken 3 und den OBUs 4 erfolgt bevorzugt nach dem DSRC-, WAVE- oder WLAN-Standard.The beacons 3, of which three beacons RSE 1 , RSE 2 , RSE 3 (generally RSE i ) are shown here, each have a locally limited transceiver range S 1 , S 2 , S 3 (generally S i ), within which they Vehicle devices or OBUs 4 can communicate. For this purpose, the OBUs 4 with corresponding short-range transceivers 5 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) for radio communication with the beacons 3 equipped. The short-range radio communication between the beacons 3 and the OBUs 4 preferably takes place according to the DSRC, WAVE or WLAN standard.

Die OBUs 4 werden von Fahrzeugen 6 mitgeführt, welche sich auf Verkehrsflächen 7, z.B. Straßen, Autobahnen, Parkplätzen, Parkhäusern usw., des Abdeckungsgebiets 8 des Straßenmautsystems 1 bewegen.The OBUs 4 are carried by vehicles 6 which are located on traffic areas 7, e.g. Roads, highways, parking lots, parking garages, etc., of the coverage area 8 of the road toll system 1 move.

Das Abdeckungsgebiet 8 des Straßenmautsystems 1 ist in eine Vielzahl aneinandergrenzender lokaler Umgebungen U0, U1, U2, U3, U4 (allgemein Ui) aufgeteilt, denen jeweils eine der Baken 3 zugeteilt ist. Die lokale Umgebung Ui einer Bake 3 ist bevorzugt größer als ihr Sendeempfangsbereich Si. Geographische Objekte oij im Abdeckungsgebiet 8 des Straßenmautsystems 1, deren Ortsbenützung durch ein Fahrzeug 6, genauer dessen OBU 4, vergebührt ("vermautet") werden soll, sog. mautpflichtige Geoobjekte, verteilen sich dementsprechend auf die lokalen Umgebungen Ui. Jede Bake 3 ist damit für die Vermautung der Geoobjekte Oij in ihrer Umgebung Ui zuständig.The coverage area 8 of the road toll system 1 is subdivided into a multiplicity of adjoining local surroundings U 0 , U 1 , U 2 , U 3 , U 4 (generally U i ), to each of which one of the beacons 3 is allocated. The local environment U i of a beacon 3 is preferably greater than its transceiver range S i . Geographical objects o ij in the coverage area 8 of the road toll system 1, whose local use by a vehicle 6, more precisely whose OBU 4, is charged ("vermautet"), so-called. Tolled geo-objects are distributed accordingly to the local environments U i . Each beacon 3 is thus responsible for the tolling of the geo objects O ij in their environment U i .

Die mautpflichtigen Geoobjekte Oij können beliebiger Art sein. In Fig. 1 sind einige Beispiele gezeigt, wie Straßenabschnitte O11, O12 und O21, deren Befahren vermautet werden soll, ein Parkplatz O23, dessen Benützungszeit vergebührt werden soll, und ein Schranken O22, dessen Passieren mautpflichtig ist.The tolled geo-objects O ij can be of any kind. In Fig. 1 Some examples are shown, such as road sections O 11 , O 12 and O 21 , whose driving is to be marred, a parking O 23 , whose use time is to be charged, and a barrier O 22 , whose passage is toll road.

Wie in Fig. 2 im Detail gezeigt, ist jede OBU 4 mit einer Einrichtung 9 zu ihrer autarken Positionsbestimmung ausgestattet. Die Einrichtung 9 ist bevorzugt ein Satellitennavigationsempfänger, z.B. GPS-Empfänger, welcher fortlaufend seine Position in einem globalen Satellitennavigationssystem ermittelt und daraus eine Abfolge ("track") t von Positionsdaten ("position fixes") p1, p2, ... erzeugt, die in einem ersten Speicher 10 der OBU 4 aufgezeichnet wird. Der Speicher 10 ist bevorzugt ein Ringspeicher, der jeweils nur die zuletzt ermittelten Positionsdaten pi enthält.As in Fig. 2 shown in detail, each OBU 4 is equipped with a device 9 for their self-sufficient positioning. The device 9 is preferably a satellite navigation receiver, For example, GPS receiver, which continuously determines its position in a global navigation satellite system and from a sequence ("track") of position data ("position fixes") p 1 , p 2 , ... generated in a first memory 10 of OBU 4 is recorded. The memory 10 is preferably a ring memory which contains only the last position data p i determined.

Zurückkehrend auf Fig. 1 stellt jede Bake 3 in einem lokalen Speicher 11 die Ortsdaten der Geoobjekte oij ihrer Umgebung Ui als ein Ortsdatensatz mi für passierende OBUs 4 bereit. Der Ortsdatensatz mi wird lokal in die Bake 3 eingepflegt oder zentral von der Mautzentrale 2 über die Verbindungen 2' an die Baken 3 verteilt. Bevorzugt enthält jede Bake 3 zusätzlich zu ihrem eigenen Ortsdatensatz mi auch die Ortsdatensätze einer oder mehrerer angrenzender Umgebungen Ui, wie hier z.B. die Bake RSE2 für die Ortsdatensätze m1 und m3 der benachbarten Umgebungen U1 und U3.Returning to Fig. 1 Each beacon 3 in a local memory 11 provides the location data of the geoobjects o ij of its environment U i as a location dataset m i for passing OBUs 4. The location data set m i is entered locally into the beacon 3 or distributed centrally from the toll center 2 via the connections 2 'to the beacons 3. In addition to its own location data set m i , each beacon 3 preferably also contains the location data sets of one or more adjacent neighborhoods U i , such as, for example, the beacon RSE 2 for the location records m 1 and m 3 of the neighboring neighborhoods U 1 and U 3 .

Wenn eine OBU 4 in den Sendeempfangsbereich Si einer Bake 3 gelangt, sendet die Bake 3 die in ihrem Speicher 11 bereitgestellten Ortsdatensätze mi an die OBU 4, welche diese über ihren Sendeempfänger 5 empfängt und in einem zweiten Speicher 12 speichert. Auch der zweite Speicher 12 ist bevorzugt ein Ringspeicher, welcher nur die zuletzt empfangenen Ortsdatensätze mi aufnimmt.When an OBU 4 enters the transceiver area S i of a beacon 3, the beacon 3 sends the location data sets m i provided in its memory 11 to the OBU 4, which receives these via its transceiver 5 and stores them in a second memory 12. Also, the second memory 12 is preferably a ring memory, which receives only the last received location records m i .

Die OBU 4 vergleicht daraufhin die im Speicher 10 aufgezeichnete Positionsdatenfolge t mit den empfangenen Ortsdatensätzen mi im Speicher 12 auf geographische Ähnlichkeit bzw. Zuordenbarkeit ("map maching", Block 14), um daraus Mautinformationen tc ("toll charge") zu erzeugen.The OBU 4 then compares the position data sequence t recorded in the memory 10 with the received location data records m i in the memory 12 for geographic similarity or "map-making" (block 14), in order to generate toll information tc ("toll charge").

Die in der OBU 4 erzeugten Mautinformationen tc werden über den Sendeempfänger 5 an eine Bake 3 abgesetzt, und zwar entweder an dieselbe Bake 3, wenn sich die OBU 4 noch in deren Sendeempfangsbereich Si befindet, oder zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt an eine nächste Bake 3, in deren Sendeempfangsbereich Si die OBU 4 auf ihrem Weg gelangt.The toll information tc generated in the OBU 4 are deposited via the transceiver 5 to a beacon 3, either to the same beacon 3, if the OBU 4 is still in its transceiving area S i, or at a later time to a next beacon 3, in whose transmission reception area S i the OBU 4 arrives on its way.

Bei dem "map matching"-Vergleich 14 werden bevorzugt auch Gebühreninformationen berücksichtigt, welche gemeinsam mit den Ortsdatensätzen mi von den Baken 3 empfangen wurden, z.B. geoobjekt- und/oder OBU-spezifische oder OBU-Einstellungsspezifische Mautgebühren.In the "map matching" comparison 14, preference is also given to charging information which was received by the beacons 3 together with the location data records m i , for example geo-object and / or OBU-specific or OBU-setting-specific tolls.

Fig. 3 zeigt den Ablauf des Verfahrens noch einmal im Detail. In einem ersten Schritt a) werden in den Baken 3 ein oder mehrere Sätze mi mit Ortsdaten mautpflichtiger Geoobjekte oij der jeweiligen Umgebung Ui einer Bake 3 bereitgestellt, beispielsweise durch Empfangen von der Mautzentrale 2 über die Verbindungen 2'. Fig. 3 shows the procedure of the procedure again in detail. In a first step a), one or more sets m i with location data of tollable geo objects o ij of the respective surroundings U i of a beacon 3 are provided in the beacons 3, for example by receiving the toll center 2 via the links 2 '.

In einem Schritt b) zeichnet eine OBU 4 eine erste Folge t1 von Positionsdaten {p1, p2, p3, ...} in ihrem Speicher 10 auf. Sobald die OBU 4 in den Sendeempfangsbereich S1 einer ersten Bake 3, hier RSE1, gelangt, empfängt sie von dieser - nach entsprechendem Handshake ("connect") - in einem Schritt c) den Ortsdatensatz m1 der Bake RSE1 und - optional - die Ortsdatensätze m0, m2 der benachbarten Umgebungen U0, U2.In a step b), an OBU 4 records a first sequence t 1 of position data {p 1 , p 2 , p 3 , ...} in its memory 10. As soon as the OBU 4 arrives in the transceiver area S 1 of a first beacon 3, in this case RSE 1 , it receives the location data set m 1 of the beacon RSE 1 and, optionally, this - following a corresponding handshake ("connect") - The location records m 0 , m 2 of the neighboring environments U 0 , U 2 .

In einem anschließenden Schritt d) führt die OBU 4 einen Vergleich zwischen der aufgezeichneten Positionsdatenfolge t1 und dem bzw. den empfangenen Ortsdatensätzen m0, m1, m2 durch ("map matching"-Block 14), gegebenenfalls unter Berücksichtigung von geoobjekt- und/oder OBU-(Einstellungs)-spezifischen Gebühreninformationen, die zusammen mit den Ortsdatensätzen mi empfangen wurden, und erzeugt daraus Mautinformationen tc1. Die Mautinformationen tc1 werden in einem darauffolgenden Schritt e) über den Sendeempfänger 5 der OBU 4 und über die nächstverfügbare Bake 3, hier noch die Bake RSE1, an die Mautzentrale 2 abgesetzt.In a subsequent step d), the OBU 4 carries out a comparison between the recorded position data sequence t 1 and the received location data records m 0 , m 1 , m 2 ("map matching" block 14), possibly taking into account geo-object data. and / or OBU (setting) -specific charging information received together with the location records m i , and generates toll information tc 1 therefrom. In a subsequent step e), the toll information tc 1 is sent to the toll center 2 via the transceiver 5 of the OBU 4 and via the next available beacon 3, in this case also the beacon RSE 1 .

Nach Erzeugung der ersten Mautinformationen tc1 kann der Ringspeicher 10 gelöscht und mit der Aufzeichnung der Positionsdaten pi neu begonnen werden, um eine nächste Positionsdatenfolge t2{p1,p2,...} aufzuzeichnen.After generating the first toll information tc 1 , the ring buffer 10 can be erased and recorded with the position data p i are restarted to record a next positional data sequence t 2 {p 1 , p 2 , ...}.

Sobald die OBU 4 dann in den Sendeempfangsbereich S2 einer nächsten Bake 3, hier RSE2, auf ihrem Weg gelangt, werden wieder die Schritte c) und d) durchgeführt. Wie in Fig. 3 gezeigt, können die erzeugten zweiten Mautinformationen tc2 über eine der nächsten Baken 3 auf dem Weg, hier die Bake RSE3, an die Mautzentrale 2 abgesetzt werden, z.B. wenn der Sendeempfangsbereich S2 der zweiten Bake RSE2 während des Schritts d) bereits verlassen wurde.As soon as the OBU 4 then arrives in the transceiver area S 2 of a next beacon 3, in this case RSE 2 , on its way, steps c) and d) are again carried out. As in Fig. 3 shown, the generated second toll information tc 2 via one of the next beacons 3 on the way, here the beacon RSE 3 , are sent to the toll center 2, for example, when the transceiver area S 2 of the second beacon RSE 2 already during the step d) has been.

Die Ortsdatensätze mi der Baken 3 werden auch (stationären oder mobilen) Überwachungsgeräten 15 des Straßenmautsystems 1 zur Verfügung gestellt, u.zw. bevorzugt durch direktes Senden von den Baken 3 über die genannte Kurzreichweiten-Funkkommunikation. Die Überwachungsgeräte 15 sind in herkömmlicher Art und Weise befähigt, die Bewegungen von Fahrzeugen 6 mit Fahrzeuggeräten 4 in ihrer Nähe zu detektieren bzw. zu erfassen, beispielsweise mittels Foto- oder Videoüberwachung, Lichtschranken, Radar- oder Laserscannern usw. Die Überwachungsgeräte 15 überprüfen auf Grundlage des bzw. der Ortsdatensätze mi einer Bake 3 und der detektierten Fahrzeugbewegungen in der Umgebung Ui der Bake 3 die von den Fahrzeuggeräten 4 erzeugten Mautinformationen tci und können so im Falle einer Divergenz, z.B. einer Fehlfunktion oder eines Mautvergehens, weitere Maßnahmen veranlassen, beispielsweise eine Foto- oder Videoaufnahme des Fahrzeugs 6 und/oder eine Registrierung und Speicherung von Daten des Fahrzeuggeräts 4.The location records m i the beacons 3 are also provided (stationary or mobile) monitoring devices 15 of the road toll system 1, u.zw. preferably by direct transmission from beacons 3 via said short range radio communication. The monitoring devices 15 are in a conventional manner capable of detecting the movements of vehicles 6 with vehicle devices 4 in their vicinity, for example by means of photo or video surveillance, photoelectric sensors, radar or laser scanners, etc. The monitoring devices 15 check on the basis of the location data sets m i of a beacon 3 and the detected vehicle movements in the surroundings U i of the beacon 3 the toll information tc i generated by the vehicle devices 4 and can thus cause further measures in the event of a divergence, eg a malfunction or a toll offense, For example, a photo or video recording of the vehicle 6 and / or a registration and storage of data of the vehicle device. 4

Neben den geschilderten "thick client"-OBUs 4 umfasst das Mautsystem 1 auch "thin client"-OBUs, welche ihre Positionsdatenfolgen ti direkt an eine Bake 3 senden, damit diese daraus anhand ihrer Ortsdatensätze mi die Mautinformationen tci erzeugt. Die Überwachungsgeräte 15 sind in diesem Fall dazu ausgebildet, auf Grundlage der von einer Bake empfangenen Ortsdatensätze mi und der detektierten Bewegungen der OBUs in der lokalen Umgebung Ui einer Bake die von dieser Bake 3 erzeugten Mautinformationen tci zu überprüfen.In addition to the described "thick client" -OBUs 4, the toll system 1 also comprises "thin client" -OBUs which their position data sequences ti directly to a beacon 3 send, so that it produces therefrom based on their location-data sets m i the toll information tc i. The monitoring devices 15 in this case are designed based on the location records received from a beacon m i and the detected movements of the OBUs in the local environment U i of a beacon to check the toll information generated by this beacon 3 tc i .

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsformen beschränkt, sondern umfasst alle Varianten und Modifikationen, die in den Rahmen der angeschlossenen Ansprüche fallen.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but includes all variants and modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (3)

  1. Monitoring device for a road toll system (1) with at least one radio beacon (3) which receives position data sequences (ti) from vehicle devices (4) in its transmitting/receiving range (Si) and calculates toll information (tci) therefrom based on at least one stored location data set (mi) of toll-requiring geo-objects (oij) and transmits the toll information to a toll center (2) and also transmits the location data set (mi) in its transmitting/receiving range (Si), characterized in that the monitoring device (15) is configured to detect actual movements of vehicle devices (4) and, based on a location data set (mi) received from a beacon (3) and the detected actual movements of vehicle devices (4) in the local environment (Ui) of this beacon (3), to cross-check toll information (tci) generated by the beacon and available to the monitoring device (15) against the detected actual movements of the vehicle devices (4).
  2. Monitoring device according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to receive the location data set (mi) from the beacon (3) via short-range radio communication, preferably according to the DSRC, WAVE or WLAN standard.
  3. Monitoring device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it initiates further measures in case of a negative checking result, namely photographic or video recordings and/or receiving and storing data from the vehicle device (4).
EP11008288A 2009-11-23 2009-11-23 Control device for a road toll system Active EP2407935B1 (en)

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PL11008288T PL2407935T3 (en) 2009-11-23 2009-11-23 Control device for a road toll system

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ES2401375T3 (en) 2013-04-19
US9269197B2 (en) 2016-02-23
EP2407935A1 (en) 2012-01-18
PL2407935T3 (en) 2013-05-31
US20110125558A1 (en) 2011-05-26
ATE546803T1 (en) 2012-03-15
DK2325807T3 (en) 2012-06-18
PL2325807T3 (en) 2012-07-31
EP2325807B2 (en) 2022-04-27
PT2407935E (en) 2013-03-11
ES2382951T5 (en) 2022-08-26
DK2407935T3 (en) 2013-03-25
EP2325807B1 (en) 2012-02-22
ES2382951T3 (en) 2012-06-14
EP2325807A1 (en) 2011-05-25
SI2325807T1 (en) 2012-06-29

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