EP2407744B1 - Echangeur de chaleur avec un couche anticorrosion, procédé de production d'un tel échangeur de chaleur et son utilisation - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur avec un couche anticorrosion, procédé de production d'un tel échangeur de chaleur et son utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2407744B1
EP2407744B1 EP11005335.2A EP11005335A EP2407744B1 EP 2407744 B1 EP2407744 B1 EP 2407744B1 EP 11005335 A EP11005335 A EP 11005335A EP 2407744 B1 EP2407744 B1 EP 2407744B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
individual components
coating
accordance
brazing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11005335.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2407744A3 (fr
EP2407744A2 (fr
Inventor
Norbert William Sucke
Reiner Breindl
Ismail Boyraz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Erbsloeh Aluminium GmbH
Original Assignee
Erbsloeh Aluminium GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Erbsloeh Aluminium GmbH filed Critical Erbsloeh Aluminium GmbH
Publication of EP2407744A2 publication Critical patent/EP2407744A2/fr
Publication of EP2407744A3 publication Critical patent/EP2407744A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2407744B1 publication Critical patent/EP2407744B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger with individual components of aluminum alloy material, which has a very good corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the invention comprises a method for producing a corrosion-resistant heat exchanger and its use.
  • improved solder / flux mixtures have been developed, in particular non-corrosive fluxes, such as, for example, lithium cryolite.
  • non-corrosive fluxes such as, for example, lithium cryolite.
  • improved materials with higher corrosion resistance are in particular aluminum alloys with high proportions by weight of manganese (> 0.4% by weight) and high proportions of copper (> 0.1% by weight).
  • the higher corrosion resistance is paid for with a poorer extrudability.
  • the poorer extrudability increases the material wear during extrusion, which leads not only to higher material costs but also to higher tool costs.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger with a higher corrosion resistance and thus greater application width available.
  • This object is achieved with a heat exchanger having the features of claim 1.
  • This new heat exchanger has individual components of aluminum alloy material, wherein the individual components or at least a part of the individual components are connected to each other in a known manner by brazing. Furthermore, this heat exchanger additionally has an outer corrosion protection layer, which covers the soldered individual components and adheres to the individual components.
  • This corrosion protection layer contains essentially silicon dioxide.
  • This outer corrosion protection layer contains at least 50% by weight of silica, preferably more than 50% by weight of silica.
  • the silica is preferably present as colloidal silica and may still contain siliceous compounds.
  • the corrosion protection layer has a paint-like character and is stable against acids and alkalis.
  • This outer corrosion protection layer covers parts or all individual components of the heat exchanger.
  • the entire outer surface of the heat exchanger consists of this corrosion protection layer.
  • the basic profiles such as pipes or flat hollow sections, coated with a solder consisting of solder, flux and optionally a binder.
  • the binder substance contributes to better adhesion of solder and flux to the base profile of aluminum alloy material.
  • the solder used is usually a solder of an aluminum-silicon alloy (AlSi solder) or a solder of silicon (Si solder).
  • AlSi solder aluminum-silicon alloy
  • Si solder solder of silicon
  • potassium fluoride (KF), lithium fluoride (LiF) are used as non-corrosive fluxes.
  • a plurality of flat tubes arranged parallel to one another are connected by brazing with louvers provided between the flat tubes at the same time.
  • this connection between the flat tubes and the collection containers can be achieved by brazing.
  • various connection possibilities of heat exchanger profiles with other parts of the heat exchanger, such as fittings and other individual components, via other connection methods are possible.
  • To prepare the Hartverlotung the flat tubes are usually coated with the solder, especially preferably immediately after the extrusion of a hollow profile strand.
  • the assembled from the individual components heat exchanger is supplied in a known manner a soldering process, wherein preferably all solder joints are formed by brazing simultaneously.
  • the unused flux remains on the individual components of the heat exchanger.
  • the binder is decomposed during brazing.
  • the basic profiles can be tubes or hollow profiles with a rectangular, oval or other arbitrary cross-section, preferably the base profiles are extruded.
  • tubes and hollow profiles which have only a media-carrying channel, are also multi-chamber hollow sections, composite profiles or coaxial tubes as individual components the heat exchanger can be used.
  • the basic profiles are selected according to the intended use of the heat exchanger.
  • In the channels of the tubes or hollow profiles may be provided rib-like short projecting webs, which are produced by extrusion and improve the heat exchange.
  • a corrosion protection layer consisting essentially of silicon dioxide. In this way, the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger is increased against these media.
  • the additional corrosion protection layer on the heat exchanger is on the one hand in the increased corrosion resistance and the associated longer durability of the heat exchanger.
  • the base profiles can be produced from easily deformable aluminum alloys, in particular from cheaper standard aluminum alloys, such as EN1050 or EN5102, ie aluminum alloys with smaller amounts of manganese (at most 0.4% by weight) and small proportions to copper (at most 0.1% by weight). These aluminum alloys are readily extrudable, substantially reducing material wear over the more corrosion resistant aluminum alloys with higher manganese and copper contents.
  • a further advantage of the present invention is that heat exchangers having these anticorrosive silica layers have a wider range of application, firstly for building air conditioning, as they can withstand the known environmental stresses such as industrial dusts or chlorine loads near hotel pools.
  • heat exchangers made of aluminum material for exhaust gas coolers of motor vehicles. These exhaust gas coolers have the task of delivering the exhaust gas discharged from the motor vehicle cool and return.
  • heat exchangers made from expensive stainless steel have been used for this purpose, since stainless steel has sufficient corrosion resistance compared to aggressive condensates.
  • cast aluminum heat exchangers have already been used as exhaust gas coolers, which have a sufficient service life only due to very high wall thicknesses.
  • a heat exchanger according to the invention with protective layers of silicon dioxide can also be used for exhaust gas coolers, without having to provide increased wall thicknesses for the basic profiles of the heat exchanger. This is available for the exhaust gas cooling over the stainless steel heat exchanger lighter aluminum heat exchanger available, which is also cheaper to manufacture.
  • the above-described corrosion-resistant heat exchanger is obtained in the following manner.
  • the existing of aluminum alloy material components such as basic profiles, fins, sump, are pre-assembled to a heat exchanger.
  • the base profiles have a braze coating for the braze joint.
  • the individual components to be soldered are firmly connected to a stable heat exchanger, wherein the solder causes a cohesive connection between the individual components made of aluminum material.
  • the flux necessary for the brazing process is still on the surface of the heat exchanger. It is not necessary to remove this flux from the heat exchanger. It is applied directly to the surface of the heat exchanger, a firmly adhering layer. This layer covers the outer surface of the heat exchanger partially or completely.
  • the coating substance is a substance containing silica or a substance capable of being converted into silica.
  • the latter are, for example, substances from the group of silicic acids, polysiloxanes, silicone resins or siliconates. From monosilicic acid Si (OH) 4 .
  • Silicic acid (HO) 3 Si-O-Si (OH) 3 , trisilicic acid (HO) 3 Si-O-Si (OH) 2 -O-Si (HO) 3 or polysilicic acid H 2n + 2 Si n O 3n + 1 can by condensation, ie dehydration, silicon dioxide are formed.
  • Polysiloxanes can be converted in the aqueous medium with the elimination of alcohol into silicon dioxide.
  • Silicone resins are catalytically converted into silica at elevated temperature and siliconates can be converted into silicones or silicic acid in acidic media, so that all the aforementioned coating substances in subsequent process steps, especially at elevated temperature, the so-called "burn-in” a silicon dioxide protective layer on the surface of coated heat exchanger yield.
  • the abovementioned coating substances can be applied by spraying, by spraying, by a dipping process or by brushing onto the surfaces of the individual components of the heat exchanger. It is also possible to drive the heat exchanger through a coating curtain in a continuous coating process.
  • the coating substance can be applied alone or with other substances as a mixture.
  • the coating substance alone is applied as a dispersion, as a solution or as a gel.
  • the applied or resulting silicon dioxide protective layer is a corrosion protection layer that is clear to opaque.
  • the corrosion protection layer affects the heat transfer, undetectable, for example, between a heat exchange medium flowing through a base profile of a heat exchanger with the ambient air.
  • the heat exchanger after brazing can be treated with water vapor so that a boehmite layer forms on the surface of the heat exchanger consisting of aluminum alloy material. It has been found that this boehmite layer allows better adhesion of the subsequent coating.
  • the flux remaining after soldering on the aluminum components of the heat exchanger contributes to the adhesive strength of the protective layer. It is therefore advantageous if the flux coating was uniform on the individual components, preferably in the range of 2 to 7 g / m 2 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Échangeur de chaleur avec composants individuels, chacun en un alliage à l'aluminium, sachant qu'au moins une partie des composants individuels sont reliés entre eux par brasage fort,
    caractérisé en ce que
    au moins les composants individuels soudés les uns autres possèdent une couche extérieure anticorrosion composée au moins de 50 % pondéraux de dioxyde de silicium.
  2. Échangeur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche anticorrosion est uniformément répartie sur toute la surface extérieure de l'échangeur thermique.
  3. Échangeur thermique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que sont utilisés des profilés de base comportant au moins un conduit d'écoulement d'un fluide d'échange thermique, des lamelles et le cas échéant des réservoirs collecteurs en tant que composants individuels de l'échangeur thermique, sachant que les profilés de base sont reliés par brasage fort avec les lamelles et/ou les réservoirs collecteurs.
  4. Échangeur thermique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la paroi intérieure des réservoirs collecteurs et/ou la paroi intérieure des conduits des profilés de base sont dotées en plus d'une couche de protection anticorrosion composée d'au moins 50 % pondéraux de dioxyde de silicium.
  5. Échangeur thermique selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que sont utilisés des tuyaux ou profilés creux officiant de profilés de base, de préférence des profilés creux extrudés à la presse, des profilés multichambres extrudés à la presse, des profilés composites extrudés à la presse ou des tubes coaxiaux extrudés à la presse.
  6. Échangeur thermique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les profilés de base se composent d'un alliage à l'aluminium facile à déformer, sachant que la part de manganèse dans l'alliage est d'au maximum 0,4 % pondéral et la part de cuivre dans l'alliage est d'au maximum 0,1 % pondéral.
  7. Échangeur thermique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que des résidus du produit de brasage qui a servi au brasage fort des composants individuels de l'échangeur thermique sont recouverts par la couche de protection anticorrosion, sachant que le produit de brasage se compose d'un alliage d'apport et d'un fondant non corrosif, de préférence un alliage d'apport AlSi ou une soudure au Si, ainsi que d'un fondant choisi en fluorure de potassium (KF), fluorure de lithium (LiF), fluorure de calcium (CaF2), fluorure de zinc (ZnFa), fluorure d'aluminium (AlF3), fluorure de silicium (SiF4), fluorures de zinc et de potassium (KZnF3, KZnF4), et de mélange de ces composés.
  8. Utilisation d'un échangeur thermique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, pour refroidir et climatiser des véhicules motorisés et des bâtiments, par exemple comme radiateur, évaporateur, comme échangeur thermique interne d'une climatisation ou comme radiateur de gaz d'échappement.
  9. Procédé pour fabriquer un échangeur thermique résistant à la corrosion à partir de composants individuels en alliage d'aluminium, caractérisé par les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    - Fourniture des composants individuels d'un échangeur thermique réalisés en alliage d'aluminium, sachant qu'au moins une partie des composants individuels est recouverte d'un produit d'apport pour effectuer un brasage fort,
    - Assemblage des composants individuels de l'échangeur thermique,
    - Réalisation d'un processus de brasage fort pour relier les composants individuels afin qu'ils forment un échangeur thermique brasé robuste,
    - Application sur tout ou partie de la surface de l'échangeur thermique brasé, d'une couche protectrice de substance de revêtement, sachant que la substance de revêtement est choisie dans le groupe des acides siliciques, polysiloxanes, résines de silicone, siliconates ou qu'il s'agit d'un mélange de revêtement contenant du dioxyde de silicium,
    - Traitement thermique pour former une couche protectrice en dioxyde de silicium adhérant fermement sur la surface de l'échangeur thermique, sachant que cette couche de protection extérieure contient au moins 50 % pondéraux de dioxyde de silicium.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la substance de revêtement est appliquée par atomisation, pulvérisation, immersion, au pinceau ou au moyen d'un rideau de revêtement.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce qu'après le brasage fort l'échangeur thermique est traité à la vapeur d'eau de sorte que se forme, à la surface des composants individuels en alliage d'aluminium formant l'échangeur thermique, une couche de boehmite qui facilite l'adhésion de la couche de protection appliquée ensuite.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'après le brasage fort l'échangeur thermique est soumis à un traitement avec des fluides alcalins ou acides qui ont pour effet d'améliorer la mouillabilité en vue de l'application subséquente de la couche de protection.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement de brasage contient un alliage d'apport et un fondant non corrosif, de préférence un alliage AlSi ou une soudure au Si, ainsi qu'un fondant choisi en KF, LiF, CaF2, ZnF2, AlF3, SiF4, KZnF3, KZnF4 ou en mélanges de ces composés.
EP11005335.2A 2010-07-14 2011-06-30 Echangeur de chaleur avec un couche anticorrosion, procédé de production d'un tel échangeur de chaleur et son utilisation Not-in-force EP2407744B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201020010188 DE202010010188U1 (de) 2010-07-14 2010-07-14 Wärmetauscher

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2407744A2 EP2407744A2 (fr) 2012-01-18
EP2407744A3 EP2407744A3 (fr) 2014-07-02
EP2407744B1 true EP2407744B1 (fr) 2016-05-25

Family

ID=42979621

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11005335.2A Not-in-force EP2407744B1 (fr) 2010-07-14 2011-06-30 Echangeur de chaleur avec un couche anticorrosion, procédé de production d'un tel échangeur de chaleur et son utilisation

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2407744B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202010010188U1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2407744T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011103641A1 (de) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-13 Erbslöh Aluminium Gmbh Korrosionsgeschütztes System für einen Wärmetauscher
CN115803579A (zh) * 2020-06-30 2023-03-14 松下控股株式会社 蓄热装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8640766B2 (en) * 2003-05-06 2014-02-04 Mitsubishi Aluminum Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger tube
EP1840494A3 (fr) * 2006-03-29 2011-03-16 Erbslöh Aluminium GmbH Profilé d'échangeur de chaleur
DE102006050681B3 (de) * 2006-10-24 2007-12-27 Gea Energietechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmetauschers
EP2116803B1 (fr) * 2008-05-09 2016-03-16 Erbslöh Aluminium GmbH Profilé coaxial et procédé de fabrication d'un tel profilé coaxial

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2407744A3 (fr) 2014-07-02
DE202010010188U1 (de) 2010-10-14
DK2407744T3 (en) 2016-07-04
EP2407744A2 (fr) 2012-01-18

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