EP2406801A1 - Elektrischer schalter - Google Patents
Elektrischer schalterInfo
- Publication number
- EP2406801A1 EP2406801A1 EP10715487A EP10715487A EP2406801A1 EP 2406801 A1 EP2406801 A1 EP 2406801A1 EP 10715487 A EP10715487 A EP 10715487A EP 10715487 A EP10715487 A EP 10715487A EP 2406801 A1 EP2406801 A1 EP 2406801A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electric motor
- electrical
- circuit
- switch
- switching
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
- H01H9/06—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner
- H01H9/063—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner enclosing a reversing switch
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
- H01H2300/002—Application electric motor braking, e.g. pole reversal of rotor, shorting motor coils, also for field discharge
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical switch according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- Such switches are used for electric tools with an electric motor, for example, for hand-held power tools such as electric drilling machines, rotary hammers, electric screwdriver o. The like., Used.
- Such an electrical switch which is known from DE 41 14 854 A1, has a switch housing with first electrical connections for the electrical connection to a power supply and second electrical connections for the electrical connection to the electric motor.
- the switch has a manually adjustable by the user between an initial and an end position actuator, wherein the electric motor is off when befindlichem in the initial position actuator and not befindlichem in the initial position actuator, ie when the actuator is actuated by the user to its operation
- the switch may have a control device for operation, namely for the control and / or regulation of the electric motor, such as its speed, torque o. The like., Depending on the adjustment of the actuator.
- the switch is provided with a force acting on the return of the actuator in the starting position brake circuit for braking the electric motor.
- a reversing circuit for switching the direction of rotation of the electric motor is arranged in the switch.
- the mechanical brake circuit is realized by means of an electromechanical switch contact as a brake contact, which is arranged in the switch housing electrically in front of the mechanical switch for the direction of rotation and the subsequent electrical motor connections. The same arrangement is possible in principle even when using an electronic brake instead of the brake contact. Normally, the switch is turned off for the direction of rotation of the electric motor while the electric motor is switched off.
- the changeover switch is therefore not a de-energized switch when switching over. Consequently, the switch in the inverter circuit, like the other current switching mechanical contacts in electrical switches, undergoes mechanical and electrical wear over its lifetime by burning and / or altering the contact material. This wear occurs mainly due to the tearing arc when switching off, but also when switching on. The wear of the contact material leads in the course of the lifetime to an increase in the passage resistance and thus to a possibly impermissible heating of the contact points in the reversing circuit. This can lead to further wear and / or welding of the contacts at correspondingly high currents. At the latest when the contacts are completely worn, this leads to failure of the switch. In addition, most switches for the direction of rotation are designed for cost reasons in power tool switches in the manner of slide switches, which are normally designed for electroless switching, so that especially the above-mentioned switching during the braking process for the switch are very harmful.
- the invention has for its object to further develop the electrical switch such that reduces the electrical wear of the mechanical contacts is, and that in particular the life, reliability and switching reliability of the switch is increased.
- the brake circuit between the second electrical connections, so the motor terminals, and the reversing circuit is arranged.
- the brake contact or the electric brake from the motor not electrically placed in front of the switch.
- the switch is no longer burdened by the braking current, since it is no longer flowed through by the induced current during the switching process. Created is thus a currentless changeover when switching the direction of rotation by the motor-side arrangement of the brake contact or the electric brake in an electrical switch for a power tool, in particular for a direct current (DC) power tool.
- DC direct current
- the switch can have a control device for operating the electric motor.
- a control and / or regulation of the electric motor is thus preferably made possible in dependence on the adjustment path of the actuating member.
- the user can adjust the speed, the torque o. The like.
- the electric motor in the manner of a "gas Gebe" function by appropriate manual adjustment of the actuator.
- the electrical switch may have a switching contact for the power supply to disconnect the electric motor from the power supply when the power tool is not in use.
- the actuator acts on switching from the and / or in the starting position on the switching contact for the operation of the electric motor switching.
- this switching contact is located between the first electrical connections, that is, the terminals of the switch for power supply, as well as the control device.
- control device between the first electrical connections, so the battery terminals, and the reversing circuit can be arranged.
- the brake circuit can be designed as a mechanical switching contact for short-circuiting the electric motor.
- the brake circuit is designed as electronics for the short-circuit braking of the electric motor. In this case, it is expedient in terms of a gentle and gentle deceleration, if it is a clocked working electronics.
- the reversing circuit may have mechanical changeover contacts for alternately contacting the second electrical connections, that is to say the motor connections, for reversing the direction of rotation of the electric motor. It is also possible that the reversing circuit is provided for electronically operating direction of rotation reversal with a power circuit.
- the power circuit may each have a branch, each having a power semiconductor for the right and the left rotation of the electric motor.
- the switch for the direction of rotation can be made particularly cost, since this is no longer burdened by the braking current during normal operation, ie when switching even during the braking process.
- the cost of the switch is thus reduced, so this saving can be used for example to reinforce and / or improve the brake or the brake contact.
- it is advantageous that no welding of the contacts can occur at very fast switching. If anything, the switch only has to turn on the power. Tearing of the contacts is not required because the switching point at which the switch is open, is still protected by the brake.
- FIG. 1 shows an electrical switch according to a first embodiment in a schematic manner
- Fig. 2 shows an electrical switch according to a second embodiment in a schematic manner
- Fig. 3 shows an electrical switch according to a third embodiment in a schematic manner
- Fig. 4 shows schematically a power tool, wherein the housing of the power tool is shown partially broken away.
- FIG. 4 shows a power tool 15 with an electric motor 16 for driving a tool 17. It may be a cordless and / or mains power tool.
- FIG. 4 shows a cordless drill as a power tool 15, which is operated with a supply voltage from a mobile energy store 18 in the manner of a rechargeable battery.
- the power tool 15 may also be another electric drill, a hammer drill, an electric screwdriver, a grinder, a saw, a planer, an angle grinder, or the like.
- an electrical switch 1 is arranged with a housing 2.
- the switch 1 is received in the housing 19 of the power tool 15 so that a manually movable by the user actuator 5 of the switch 1 protrudes from the housing 19.
- the switch 1 has a housing 2, as can be seen in Fig. 1, in the designated Bl, B2, the first electrical connections 3 for the electrical Connection to the power supply 18 drove.
- the switch 1 is in the present case intended for a cordless power tool, with which the battery poles Bl, B2 can be connected to the energy store 18 with the corresponding terminals 3.
- On the housing 2 of the switch 1 are further designated Ml, M2, second electrical connections 4 for the visible in Fig. 4 electrical connection to the electric motor 16 are arranged.
- the switch 1 comprises the manually adjustable by the user between a Congressund an end position actuator 5. If the actuator 5 is in the starting position, the electric motor 16 is turned off. If, however, the actuator 5 is moved accordingly by the user, so that the actuator 5 is outside the initial position, that is no longer in the starting position, the electric motor 16 is turned on.
- the switch 1 has a contact system with a switching contact 20 shown schematically in Fig. 4, to which the actuator 5 acts accordingly switching on movement of the and / or in the starting position, so that the power supply from the energy storage 18 for the power tool 15, in particular for the operation of the electric motor 16, by means of the actuator 5 by the user and / or can be switched off.
- the switch 1 also serves for the user-friendly operation of the electric motor 16, specifically for adjusting its rotational speed, torque or the like, for which purpose a control device 6 configured as electronics for controlling and / or regulating the electric motor 16 is arranged in the housing 2 of the switch 1 is.
- the control device 6 operates the electric motor in response to the adjustment away the actuator 5, which in turn is moved accordingly by the user.
- a brake circuit 7 acts to decelerate the electric motor 16.
- a reversing circuit 8 for switching the direction of rotation of the electric motor 16 is located, thus can be selected by the user between clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the electric motor 16 by means of the reversing circuit 8.
- the user actuates a on the housing 19 of the Power tool 15 located, shown in Fig. 4 actuator 21 in the manner of a slide, which acts accordingly on the reversing circuit 8.
- the switching contact 20 between the first electrical terminals 3 and the control device 6 is located.
- the brake circuit 7 is arranged in electrical view between the second electrical terminals 4 and the reversing circuit 8.
- the control device 6 is arranged between the first electrical terminals 3 and the reversing circuit 8.
- the brake circuit 7 is shown in FIG. 1 as a mechanical switching contact 9 for shorting the electric motor 16 is formed.
- the brake circuit 7 is designed as electronics 10 for the short-circuit braking of the electric motor 16. Conveniently, this is a clocked working electronics 10 to allow a smooth deceleration.
- the reversing circuit 8 has mechanical changeover contacts 11, 12 for alternately contacting the second electrical connections 4 for reversing the direction of rotation of the electric motor 16.
- the reversing circuit 8 is designed as a circuit for electronically operating reversal direction.
- the reversing circuit 8 depending on a branch 13, 14 for the right and the left-hand rotation of the electric motor 16.
- the respective branch 13, 14 is supplied with voltage by means of a power circuit comprising a power semiconductor, which is presently arranged in the control device 6.
Landscapes
- Stopping Of Electric Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009012715A DE102009012715A1 (de) | 2009-03-11 | 2009-03-11 | Elektrischer Schalter |
PCT/DE2010/000256 WO2010102610A1 (de) | 2009-03-11 | 2010-03-10 | Elektrischer schalter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2406801A1 true EP2406801A1 (de) | 2012-01-18 |
EP2406801B1 EP2406801B1 (de) | 2015-10-28 |
Family
ID=42244431
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10715487.4A Active EP2406801B1 (de) | 2009-03-11 | 2010-03-10 | Elektrischer schalter |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8456113B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2406801B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN102396041B (de) |
DE (2) | DE102009012715A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010102610A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10043619B2 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2018-08-07 | Black & Decker Inc. | Biasing member for a power tool forward/reverse actuator |
DE102014217863A1 (de) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Handwerkzeugmaschine |
US10541588B2 (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2020-01-21 | Black & Decker Inc. | Electronic power module for a power tool having an integrated heat sink |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE482300C (de) * | 1928-03-20 | 1929-09-11 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Bremseinrichtung fuer Hauptstrommotoren, insbesondere Steuermotoren |
DE4038785A1 (de) * | 1990-12-05 | 1992-06-11 | Bsg Schalttechnik | Vorrichtung zur steuerung oder regelung von durch akkus versorgter geraete |
DE4114854A1 (de) | 1991-05-07 | 1992-11-12 | Marquardt Gmbh | Schalter, insbesondere akku-schalter fuer handbetaetigte elektrowerkzeuge |
DE4232402C5 (de) * | 1992-09-26 | 2005-10-27 | Marquardt Gmbh | Bremsschaltung für einen Elektromotor |
DE4429962C2 (de) * | 1994-08-24 | 1997-02-06 | Atlas Copco Elektrowerkzeuge | Handgeführtes Elektrowerkzeug mit einem Gleichstrommotor und mit einer Bremsschaltung |
DE19508925A1 (de) * | 1995-03-13 | 1996-09-19 | Marquardt Gmbh | Elektrischer Schalter, insbesondere für Elektrohandwerkzeuge |
DE19722709C2 (de) * | 1996-06-03 | 2002-02-07 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co | Schaltvorrichtung |
WO1999063643A1 (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 1999-12-09 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Braking and control circuit for electric power tools |
ATE221273T1 (de) * | 1999-01-07 | 2002-08-15 | Metabowerke Gmbh | Netzbremseinrichtung für ein elektrohandwerkzeug |
US6741051B2 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-05-25 | Defond Manufacturing Limited | Power tool trigger control |
US7476821B1 (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2009-01-13 | Defond Components Limited | Trigger mechanism |
-
2009
- 2009-03-11 DE DE102009012715A patent/DE102009012715A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-03-08 DE DE102010010672A patent/DE102010010672A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-03-10 EP EP10715487.4A patent/EP2406801B1/de active Active
- 2010-03-10 CN CN201080011579.1A patent/CN102396041B/zh active Active
- 2010-03-10 WO PCT/DE2010/000256 patent/WO2010102610A1/de active Application Filing
-
2011
- 2011-08-30 US US13/221,048 patent/US8456113B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2010102610A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102009012715A1 (de) | 2010-09-16 |
WO2010102610A1 (de) | 2010-09-16 |
EP2406801B1 (de) | 2015-10-28 |
US20120056566A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
DE102010010672A1 (de) | 2010-12-09 |
CN102396041B (zh) | 2015-01-14 |
CN102396041A (zh) | 2012-03-28 |
US8456113B2 (en) | 2013-06-04 |
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