EP2387661B1 - Injecteur de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2387661B1
EP2387661B1 EP09753107A EP09753107A EP2387661B1 EP 2387661 B1 EP2387661 B1 EP 2387661B1 EP 09753107 A EP09753107 A EP 09753107A EP 09753107 A EP09753107 A EP 09753107A EP 2387661 B1 EP2387661 B1 EP 2387661B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle needle
annular
fuel injector
pressure chamber
injector according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09753107A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2387661A1 (fr
Inventor
Wilhelm Christ
Thilo Kreher
Gerhard Suenderhauf
Andreas Koeninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2387661A1 publication Critical patent/EP2387661A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2387661B1 publication Critical patent/EP2387661B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/022—Mechanically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/161—Means for adjusting injection-valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
    • F02M61/205—Means specially adapted for varying the spring tension or assisting the spring force to close the injection-valve, e.g. with damping of valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/28—Details of throttles in fuel-injection apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector for internal combustion engines with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injector is out DE 10 2006 036 447 A1 known.
  • This fuel injector has a so-called leak-free nozzle needle, which is surrounded over the entire length of an annular pressure chamber in which the system pressure of the Commen-Rails is applied.
  • the pressure chamber is divided into two partial pressure chambers with a nozzle needle seat remote storage pressure chamber and a nozzle needle near the nozzle needle pressure chamber, the nozzle needle remote storage pressure chamber forms the larger volume. Between both pressure chambers there is a hydraulic connection. Due to the fact that all pressure surfaces of the nozzle needle are exposed to the system pressure, no pressure stage is present, which ensures a fast closing of the nozzle needle.
  • it is provided to connect the storage pressure chamber and the nozzle needle pressure chamber via a hydraulic closing throttle, so that when the nozzle needle is open there is a pressure difference between the two pressure chambers, which ensures a fast closing of the nozzle needle.
  • a hydraulic throttle element is also in the document DE10149961 A to see at the nozzle needle.
  • Object of the present invention is to carry out a hydraulic throttle element between the accumulator pressure chamber and the nozzle needle pressure chamber, which places lower demands on the manufacturing tolerances.
  • the object of the invention is achieved with the characterizing measures of claim 1.
  • a hydraulic throttling to form a closing force acting on the nozzle needle, which has a lower sensitivity in terms of the gap width of the gap throttle in the overall effect.
  • This makes it possible to dimension the gap width at the individual annular gap throttle elements larger, whereby the demands on the manufacturing accuracy can be reduced.
  • the sensitivity to entrained particles in the fuel is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injector with a housing 10, which is composed for example of an injector body 11 and a nozzle body 12.
  • a nozzle needle 15 is longitudinally displaceably arranged in a pressure chamber 16, which is driven for example by an electromagnetic control valve 30.
  • injection nozzles 13 are provided, is injected via the fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the nozzle needle 15 has a nozzle needle seat near portion 17 and a nozzle needle seat remote piston portion 18, wherein the piston portion 18 is guided hydraulically tight in a guide bore 19 of a valve member 20.
  • a control chamber 21 is formed, to which the piston portion 18 of the nozzle needle 15 is exposed to a pressure surface.
  • the nozzle needle 15 has a sealing surface which presses against a formed on the nozzle body 12 nozzle needle seat 14.
  • a closing spring 29 acting on the nozzle needle 15 ensures that the nozzle needle 15 remains in the nozzle needle seat 14 when the engine is switched off.
  • a guide bore 22 is formed, in which the nozzle needle 15 is guided with a guide portion 23 in addition to the guide bore 19 in the valve piece 20 nozzle needle seat close.
  • the guide portion 23 is provided with flats 24 which form a substantially unthrottled hydraulic connection between the adjacent pressure chambers.
  • the nozzle needle 15 in the region of the nozzle needle seat near portion 17 has a smaller diameter, so that between the nozzle body 12 and Nozzle needle seat near section 17 forms an annular space, which is referred to as nozzle needle pressure chamber 25.
  • the nozzle needle 15 is also surrounded by an annular space which has a larger volume than the nozzle needle pressure chamber 25 and which is referred to as storage pressure chamber 26.
  • Nozzle needle pressure chamber 25 and accumulator pressure chamber 26 together form the pressure chamber 16.
  • the storage pressure chamber 26 performs a high-pressure supply line 27, which connects the storage pressure chamber 26 with the designed as a common rail high-pressure accumulator 28.
  • the system pressure of the common rail 28 is present in the accumulator pressure chamber 26.
  • From the storage pressure chamber 26 performs an inlet bore 32 with an inlet throttle into the control chamber 21.
  • From the control chamber 21 performs a drain hole 33 with an outlet throttle in a valve chamber 34.
  • the valve chamber 34 is connected via a valve seat 35 with a low-pressure chamber 36 connected to a low-pressure return line 39 is connected.
  • a valve sleeve 38 of a magnet armature 51 of the control valve 30 acts.
  • the control valve 30 is actuated, whereby the armature 51 lifts the valve sleeve 38 from the valve seat 35, so that the valve chamber 34 is hydraulically connected to the low-pressure chamber 36.
  • the control chamber 21 is depressurized and the force acting on the nozzle needle 15 in the nozzle needle pressure chamber 25 opening force exceeds the voltage applied in the control chamber 21 closing force.
  • the solenoid of the control valve 30 is deactivated, the hydraulic connection between the low-pressure chamber 36 and the valve chamber 34 is closed again by closing the valve seat 35 and the control chamber 21 is filled via the inlet bore 23.
  • the pressure in the control chamber 21 increases and the nozzle needle 15 is again placed in the nozzle needle seat 14.
  • a hydraulic throttle element 40 is arranged between the storage pressure chamber 26 and the nozzle needle pressure chamber 25, a hydraulic throttle element 40 is arranged.
  • the hydraulic throttle element 40 is at least two in the flow direction of the fuel in series lying gap throttle elements 41.1 to 41.n formed.
  • the hydraulic throttle element 40 In the embodiment in FIG. 1 and 2 form two gap throttles 41.1 and 41.2, the hydraulic throttle element 40.
  • the two gap throttling elements 41.1, 41.2 are formed on the nozzle needle seat near portion 17 of the nozzle needle 15 each as an annular collar 44.
  • Each annular collar 44 has a narrow cylindrical peripheral surface 45 and a first annular surface 46 and a second annular surface 47.
  • the annular surfaces 46, 47 may be designed to be flat or inclined.
  • a circumferential annular gap s is formed between the peripheral surfaces 45 of each annular collar 40 and an inner wall 49 of the nozzle body 12.
  • a circumferential annular gap s is formed between the peripheral surfaces 45 of each annular collar 40 and an inner wall 49 of the nozzle body 12.
  • Fig. 2 is the annular gap s in the two gap throttle elements 41.1 and 41.2 the same size. But it is also possible to place the gap throttling elements 41.1, 41.2 on the nozzle needle 15 so that the annular gap s between the peripheral surfaces 45 and an inner wall on the injector body 11 is formed.
  • annular gap throttling elements 41.1 to 41.4 which - as in the embodiment in Fig. 2 - Are each formed by a collar 44.
  • the annular collars 44 form with their respective peripheral surfaces 45 to the inner wall 49 of the nozzle body 12, the annular gap s, which is dimensioned substantially equal for all gap throttle element 41.1 to 41.4.
  • the annular gap s between the peripheral surfaces 45 and an inner wall on the injector 11 may be formed.
  • Fig. 4 are also four annular gap throttles 41.1 to 41.4 formed on the nozzle needle 15, in which the annular collars 44 have a decreasing in the flow direction of the fuel diameter d2.1 to d2.4.
  • the nozzle body 12 is designed in this embodiment with a corresponding to the different diameters d2.1 to d2.4 the various annular collars 44 corresponding stepped inner wall 50, so that between the stepped inner wall 50 and the respective peripheral surfaces 45 of the annular collars 44 each have an annular gap s1 to s4 forms, wherein the annular gaps s1 to s4 are dimensioned substantially equal.
  • the annular gap throttling elements 41.1 to 41.4 form a cascade-shaped fuel Step maze off.
  • the step-shaped inner wall 50 can also be formed on the injector body 11.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 is a nozzle body side section of a fuel injector according to further embodiments, in which the nozzle needle 15 has a shorter longitudinal extent than in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 and the control chamber 21 is delimited by a piston chamber portion 18 longitudinally displaceable control chamber sleeve 51.
  • the control chamber sleeve 51 is pressed by means of a compression spring 52 against an end face of a further Injektor stressesteils 53, which is formed for example by a throttle plate with not shown, leading into the control chamber 21 inlet and outlet throttles.
  • the nozzle needle guide 23 is formed in the vicinity of the nozzle needle seat 14.
  • the annular gap throttling elements 41.1 to 41.n are - as in the embodiment in FIG Fig. 1 - In the flow direction of the fuel upstream of the nozzle needle guide 23 is arranged.
  • Fig. 6 is next to the nozzle needle seat near nozzle needle guide 23 a spaced therefrom further nozzle needle guide 55 is provided with further flats 56, which also form a substantially unthrottled hydraulic connection.
  • the annular gap throttles 41.1 to 41.n are in this embodiment between the two nozzle needle guides 23 and 55th

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Injecteur de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne comprenant un espace de pression (16) réalisé dans un boîtier (10), dans lequel une aiguille de buse (15) est disposée avec une course réglable, laquelle coopère avec un siège d'aiguille de buse (14) par une surface d'étanchéité, un flux de carburant à travers au moins une ouverture d'injection (13) étant libéré ou interrompu grâce à une coopération de l'aiguille de buse (15) avec le siège d'aiguille de buse (14), l'espace de pression (16) étant divisé en un espace de pression d'accumulation (26) éloigné du siège de l'aiguille de buse et un espace de pression d'aiguille de buse (25) proche du siège de l'aiguille de buse, et un élément d'étranglement hydraulique (40) réalisé en tant qu'étranglement à fente annulaire étant disposé entre l'espace de pression d'accumulation (26) et l'espace de pression d'aiguille de buse (25), caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux éléments d'étranglement à fente annulaire (41.1 à 41.n) disposés les uns derrière les autres dans la direction d'écoulement du carburant sont disposés sur l'aiguille de buse (15).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les au moins deux éléments d'étranglement à fente annulaire (41.1 à 41.n) sont formés à chaque fois par un épaulement annulaire (44) disposé sur l'aiguille de buse (15), avec une surface périphérique (45) à parois minces.
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'entre la surface périphérique (45) de chaque épaulement annulaire (44) et une paroi (49, 50) de l'espace de pression (16) est ou sont réalisée(s) une ou plusieurs fentes annulaires.
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces périphériques (45) de chaque épaulement annulaire (44) présentent un diamètre (d1) essentiellement identique et en ce que la ou les fentes annulaires respectives entre la surface périphérique (45) de chaque épaulement annulaire (44) et la paroi (49) de l'espace de pression (16) sont essentiellement identiques.
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces périphériques (45) des épaulements annulaires (44) des au moins deux éléments d'étranglement à fente annulaire (41.1 à 41.n) présentent un diamètre (d2.1 à d2.n) qui diminue dans la direction d'écoulement du carburant.
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'espace de pression (16) présente une paroi étagée (50) adaptée aux diamètres (d2.1 à d2.n) des surfaces périphériques (45) des épaulements annulaires (44), de sorte que l'on obtienne un écoulement en cascade du carburant.
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les fentes annulaires (s1 à sn) réalisées entre les surfaces périphériques (45) de chaque épaulement annulaire (44) avec les diamètres respectifs (d2.1 à d2.n) et la paroi étagée respective (50) sont essentiellement identiques.
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la paroi (49, 50) en vue de réaliser les fentes annulaires (s, s1 à sn) est réalisée sur un corps de buse (12) dans lequel l'aiguille de buse (15) est guidée dans un guide d'aiguille de buse (23) proche du siège d'aiguille de buse.
  9. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les au moins deux éléments d'étranglement à fente annulaire (41.1 à 41.n) sont disposés dans la direction d'écoulement du carburant avant le guide d'aiguille de buse (23).
  10. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une douille d'espace de commande (51) est guidée sur l'aiguille de buse (15), laquelle douille délimite hydrauliquement un espace de commande (21) et en ce que les au moins deux éléments d'étranglement à fente annulaire (41.1 à 41.n) sont disposés entre la douille d'espace de commande (51) et un guide d'aiguille de buse (23) proche du siège d'aiguille de buse.
  11. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'aiguille de buse (15) est guidée à distance du guide d'aiguille de buse (23) proche du siège d'aiguille de buse dans un autre guide d'aiguille de buse (56), et en ce que les au moins deux éléments d'étranglement à fente annulaire (41.1 à 41.n) sont disposés entre les deux guides d'aiguille de buse (23, 56).
EP09753107A 2009-01-14 2009-11-17 Injecteur de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne Active EP2387661B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910000206 DE102009000206A1 (de) 2009-01-14 2009-01-14 Kraftstoffinjektor für Brennkraftmaschinen
PCT/EP2009/065278 WO2010081574A1 (fr) 2009-01-14 2009-11-17 Injecteur de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2387661A1 EP2387661A1 (fr) 2011-11-23
EP2387661B1 true EP2387661B1 (fr) 2012-10-03

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09753107A Active EP2387661B1 (fr) 2009-01-14 2009-11-17 Injecteur de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2387661B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102282354A (fr)
DE (1) DE102009000206A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010081574A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009029562A1 (de) * 2009-07-30 2011-02-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102010043363A1 (de) 2010-11-04 2012-05-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Magnetankeranordnung und Kraftstoffinjektor mit einer Magnetankeranordnung
DE102011077464A1 (de) 2011-06-14 2012-12-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor für eine Brennkraftmaschine
EP2568157A1 (fr) * 2011-09-08 2013-03-13 Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. Buse à injection
EP2818687A1 (fr) * 2013-06-27 2014-12-31 Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.à r.l. Injecteur de carburant
CN104847556A (zh) * 2015-05-19 2015-08-19 中国重汽集团重庆燃油喷射系统有限公司 无静态泄漏喷油器
CN109681360A (zh) * 2019-02-28 2019-04-26 一汽解放汽车有限公司 一种用于燃料喷射阀的长针阀
CN110529317A (zh) * 2019-08-23 2019-12-03 一汽解放汽车有限公司 一种燃料喷射阀阀套总成

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10019153A1 (de) * 2000-04-18 2001-10-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE10149961A1 (de) * 2001-10-10 2003-04-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere Common-Rail-Injektor, sowie Kraftstoffsystem und Brennkraftmaschine
DE10348928A1 (de) * 2003-10-18 2005-05-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung
WO2006091429A1 (fr) * 2005-02-22 2006-08-31 Siemens Vdo Automotive Corporation Injecteur a rampe commune avec dispositif actif de fermeture par pointeau
DE102006036447A1 (de) 2006-08-04 2008-02-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injektor für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem
DE102007032741A1 (de) 2007-07-13 2009-01-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
US7690588B2 (en) * 2007-07-31 2010-04-06 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel injector nozzle with flow restricting device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009000206A1 (de) 2010-07-15
EP2387661A1 (fr) 2011-11-23
CN102282354A (zh) 2011-12-14
WO2010081574A1 (fr) 2010-07-22

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