EP2386799A1 - Mixed fuel heating system using wood - Google Patents

Mixed fuel heating system using wood Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2386799A1
EP2386799A1 EP11165414A EP11165414A EP2386799A1 EP 2386799 A1 EP2386799 A1 EP 2386799A1 EP 11165414 A EP11165414 A EP 11165414A EP 11165414 A EP11165414 A EP 11165414A EP 2386799 A1 EP2386799 A1 EP 2386799A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating system
combustion chamber
wood
stove
glass
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Granted
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EP11165414A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2386799B1 (en
Inventor
Pascal Faure
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SOLUTIONS ENERGIE POSITIVE
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Solucrea
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
    • F24B1/026—Closed stoves with several combustion zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B60/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving
    • F23B60/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving with combustion air supplied through a grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B80/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
    • F23B80/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel by means for guiding the flow of flue gases, e.g. baffles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
    • F24B1/024—Closed stoves for pulverulent fuels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a so-called mixed heating system, hybrid or dual combustion, that is to say able to operate with two types of energy, for example with logs of wood and / or with wood pellets or pellets.
  • this water heater has a focus delimited by molded pieces of glass or ceramic.
  • this water heater may also include a fireplace to heat the air and serve as additional heating of the room in which it is installed.
  • the backup burner is separated from the main burners by a wall. This wall is made of sheet metal and serves to guide the fumes.
  • the backup burner is provided behind a transparent window making it visible from the outside and lined with a second glass wall acting as thermal insulation and limiting the risk of burns against the front face of the water heater. This window makes it possible to confer the visual appearance of a chimney to the water heater.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a dual combustion heating system, in particular a wood stove for domestic use for heating a dwelling, able to operate simultaneously or separately with for example wood logs and / or wood pellets.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a dual combustion heating system which has real ergonomics to be arranged in a living room of a home while providing satisfactory performance.
  • the invention relates to a heating system, comprising a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber, characterized in that the first combustion chamber is separated by a glass wall of the second combustion chamber.
  • the second combustion chamber for example adapted for pellets, an opening with a glass door on the front but to provide this glass door on the front only of the first combustion chamber , for example suitable for wood logs, which limits heat loss.
  • the heating system according to the invention may advantageously be a wood stove providing a panoramic view of both the flame of the wood log fireplace and the flame of the fireplace pellet.
  • a pellet stove you could have a gas or oil fireplace for example.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a system hybrid wood heating system or mixed dual fireplaces according to the invention which can operate in three modes of operation, namely alternately with logs of wood or with wood pellets or pellets, or simultaneously with logs of wood and wood. pellets.
  • the wood heating system shown on the figure 1 according to the invention is here a wood stove to equip a living room in a home or office.
  • This wood stove 1 is in the example in column form here hexagonal cross section.
  • the height of this wood stove can be for example 120mm and its section of the order of 600mm.
  • the general structure of the wood stove 1 (also visible on the Figures 3 and 4 ) consists mainly of three superimposed blocks, having substantially equal heights, namely: a) a lower block 2 forming a base and in which can be arranged a fan 3 of hot air and combustion for the pellet fireplace, a compartment 4 for storing wood logs and an ash drawer 5 for the log burner; b) an intermediate block 6 in which are arranged in juxtaposition the two fireplaces 7 and 8 respectively with logs of wood and pellets on the same horizontal plane, and finally c) an upper block 9 in which can be arranged a smoke box 10 , a hopper 11 and a motorized auger 12 for pellets and an electronic control and adjustment of the pellet heating system.
  • the electronics may include a control panel attached to the back of an access hatch 13 to the hopper 11 disposed on the top of the stove.
  • connection element 14 to a double flow smoke duct is sealed to the top of the smoke box 10 and thus on the top of the stove.
  • This one-piece connection element also comprises a stitching (here oblique) for a flexible intake fresh air duct recovered through one of the two channels of the double-flow smoke duct.
  • this monobloc connection element 14 allows a natural draft of the wood fire and improved performance of the pellet fireplace through a reduction of pressure losses.
  • the one-piece construction of the connecting element 14 contributes to a saving of components and a time saving during assembly.
  • the fresh air duct 16 is a hose which starts from the tap 15 and which goes down under the pellet stove, the fresh air flow being represented by white arrows.
  • the fumes produced by the pellet stove are evacuated in a natural way (see the dark arrows on the Figures 3 and 4
  • the log firebox is independent of the fan 3, the fresh air inlet being through the ash drawer 5.
  • the fumes from the log fire of wood are evacuated through the smoke box 10 through a pipe provided with a non-return smoke door 17.
  • this stove Furthermore, there is provided in the arrangement of this stove, a circulation of air which is drawn into the room from the intermediate block 6 through openings 18, which is then reheated in this intermediate block 18 by one or both homes and returned to the room from the bottom of the lower block 2.
  • the two foci 7 and 8 are separated by a common glass wall 19 visible on the figure 2 and preferably the fireplace 7 wood logs (referenced 20) is provided with a glass door 21 in front of the stove arranged such that the glass wall 19 is in the background of the glass door 21 in the fireplace 7
  • the log burner 7 acts as a sort of intermediate lock for the pellets fireplace.
  • the fireplace pellet 8 has no opening in front of the stove and the doubling of the glass wall 19 by the glass door 21 contributes to obtaining a very good performance of the pellet heating system comparable to that of a pellet boiler.
  • the glazed door 21 is preferably also rounded or curved toward the outside of the stove and the glazed wall 19 also preferably has a rounded or curved shape (here in the shape of a circular arc) towards the inside of the hearth 7 which provides a panoramic view, from the outside of the stove, the flame leaving the crucible 22 of the fireplace pellet 8.
  • the rectilinear portions of the partition wall 19 between the two foci 7 and 8 may be cast iron or still sheet.
  • the unglazed walls of the fireplaces 7 and 8 can advantageously be covered by a solid element of accumulation and slow diffusion of heat such as 23 of the ceramic or steatite type.
  • the same accumulation element can also cover the outer walls of the smoke box 10.
  • the glass part of the wall 19 can be mounted on a tilting or rotary frame allowing access to the surface of this wall located on the side of the fireplace 8 for example to allow cleaning.
  • the log burner 7 can therefore diffuse heat directly into the room through the glass door 21.
  • the heat supplied by the pellet burner 8 is stored in the accumulator 23 to be diffused slowly in front and on the top stove.
  • an electrical heating resistor (not shown) can be integrated in the solid storage and slow heat diffusion element 23 to form, for example, an auxiliary heating or frost protection system when the two fireplaces 7 and 8 are not used.
  • the operation of this auxiliary heating system can be controlled from the control panel or remotely with telecommunication means.
  • the stove has a hexagonal cross-section and the glass door 21 is folded on three sides and has a field of view of about 180 ° on the log fire 7 and about 132 ° on the pellet fireplace.
  • the stove has a rectangular cross section and square here and the glass door 21 and folded on two sides and offers a field of view of about 162 ° on the log fire and about 108 ° on the fireplace pellet .
  • the stove has a circular cross section and the glass door 21 is curved and has a field of view of about 219 ° on the wood fire and about 180 ° on the fireplace.
  • the construction of the stove according to the invention thus provides a panoramic view of the flames of the two homes at the same time or separately. This construction also contributes to obtaining a better performance than conventional mixed stoves. It also eliminates the presence of a glass door on the fireplace pellet which can be a risk of burn accident for children for example.
  • the glass door (which can be rotating or sliding or tilting) can be advantageously protected by a possibly retractable security barrier as is well known.
  • the glass wall as the glass door can be designed self-cleaning for example through a deposit of titanium dioxide.
  • the stove according to the invention may be designed as indicated above so that ambient air taken substantially at mid-height of the column of the stove by the openings 18 is discharged at the lowest part of the stove at ground level.
  • the fan 3 for example can be connected to an air duct 24 which extends between the air inlets 18 and air outlets such as 25 on the floor. figure 3 .
  • the air inlet 18 of the duct 24 is disposed substantially near the top of the intermediate portion 6 of the stove, ie about one meter from the ground, and the air outlets 25 are arranged substantially near the bottom of the part. lower 2 of the stove, that is to say practically flush with the ground.
  • the air duct 24 may follow the solid accumulator 23 to be further heated by conduction or radiation.
  • the ambient air that is sucked by the fan 3 at the inputs 18 is generally warmer than the ambient air which is flush with the ground and this ventilation system therefore allows a mixing of the ambient air to improve the air flow. comfort in the room where the stove is located.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The system (1) has a combustion chamber i.e. wood log hearth (7), separated from another combustion chamber i.e. wood granule hearth (8), by a glass wall (19). The former chamber is closed in facade by another glass wall, where the glass walls are self-cleanable. A solid, slow heat diffusion and storage element partially covers the latter chamber. An electrical heating resistor is integrated in the solid element. A smoke box (10) is connected with a single-piece dual flow coupler (14) that is connected to a dual flow smoke evacuation duct and a flexible fresh air intake duct.

Description

L'invention concerne un système de chauffage dit mixte, hybride ou encore à double combustion, c'est-à-dire pouvant fonctionner avec deux types d'énergie, par exemple avec des bûches de bois et/ou avec des granulés de bois ou pellets.The invention relates to a so-called mixed heating system, hybrid or dual combustion, that is to say able to operate with two types of energy, for example with logs of wood and / or with wood pellets or pellets.

On connaît déjà des poêles à bois à double combustion capables de fonctionner avec des buches de bois ou avec des granulés de bois. Un tel poêle est par exemple décrit dans le document de brevet W02009/115 969 . Dans ce poêle à bois connu, il y a une première chambre de combustion ou foyer pour les buches de bois et une seconde chambre de combustion ou foyer pour les granulés de bois. Ces deux chambres de combustion sont séparées l'une de l'autre mais la chambre de combustion pour les granulés de bois est montée mobile par rapport à la chambre de combustion pour les buches de bois de façon à pouvoir s'encastrer dans celle-ci et dans ce cas le poêle peut fonctionner avec des granulés de bois ou où au contraire pour pouvoir être sortie de celle-ci et dans ce cas le poêle peut fonctionner avec des buches de bois.There are already known dual burning wood stoves capable of working with wood logs or with wood pellets. Such a stove is for example described in the patent document W02009 / 115 969 . In this known wood stove, there is a first combustion chamber or firebox for wood logs and a second firebox or firebox for wood pellets. These two combustion chambers are separated from each other but the combustion chamber for the wood pellets is mounted movably relative to the combustion chamber for the wood logs so as to fit into it and in this case the stove can work with wood pellets or where on the contrary to be able to be out of it and in this case the stove can work with wood logs.

On connait par ailleurs le document de brevet EP 0 930 473 qui décrit un chauffe-eau au gaz naturel comportant des tuyaux de transport de l'eau réchauffée par des brûleurs principaux à gaz. Pour pallier à l'inesthétique des systèmes existants similaires, ce chauffe eau comporte un foyer délimité par des pièces moulées en verre ou céramique. De manière complémentaire, ce chauffe-eau peut également comporter un foyer pour réchauffer de l'air et servir de chauffage d'appoint de la pièce dans laquelle il est installé. Dans cette configuration, le brûleur d'appoint est séparé des brûleurs principaux par une paroi. Cette paroi est réalisée en tôle et sert à guider les fumées. Le brûleur d'appoint est prévu derrière une vitre transparente le rendant visible de l'extérieure et doublée d'une seconde paroi en verre faisant office d'isolation thermique et limitant les risques de brûlures contre la face avant du chauffe eau. Cette vitre permet de conférer l'aspect visuel d'une cheminée au chauffe-eau.We also know the patent document EP 0 930 473 which describes a natural gas water heater having pipes for conveying water heated by main gas burners. To overcome the unsightly similar existing systems, this water heater has a focus delimited by molded pieces of glass or ceramic. In addition, this water heater may also include a fireplace to heat the air and serve as additional heating of the room in which it is installed. In this configuration, the backup burner is separated from the main burners by a wall. This wall is made of sheet metal and serves to guide the fumes. The backup burner is provided behind a transparent window making it visible from the outside and lined with a second glass wall acting as thermal insulation and limiting the risk of burns against the front face of the water heater. This window makes it possible to confer the visual appearance of a chimney to the water heater.

On connait également le document de brevet WO 2010/033 797 qui décrit un système de chauffage à foyer fermé comportant notamment une résistance électrique utilisée pour le démarrage de la combustion, cette résistance électrique étant prévue dans l'enceinte du système de chauffage à foyer fermé.We also know the patent document WO 2010/033 797 which describes a closed hearth heating system including an electrical resistance used for the start of combustion, the electrical resistance being provided in the enclosure of the closed fire heating system.

On connait également le document de brevet WO 2008/059 300 qui décrit un système de chauffage à foyer fermé comportant un foyer alimenté en air par trois circuits distincts, un premier circuit débouchant sous les barres portantes du foyer, un second longeant la face interne de la vitre du foyer fermé et un troisième circuit débouchant par l'arrière du foyer.We also know the patent document WO 2008/059 300 which describes a closed hearth heating system comprising a furnace supplied with air by three separate circuits, a first circuit opening under the load-bearing bars of the hearth, a second running along the internal face of the closed hearth pane and a third circuit opening through the back of the fireplace.

On connait également le document de brevet EP 1 327 825 qui décrit un système de chauffage à foyer fermé comportant notamment un ventilateur couplé à un moteur électrique, le ventilateur étant prévu pour faire circuler de l'air dans un conduit débouchant par une prise d'air frais prévue sur la face avant du système de chauffage, au-dessus de la vitre protégeant le foyer. Le conduit débouchant passe à l'arrière du foyer pour autoriser le chauffage de l'air, et il est raccordé à des conduits de distribution d'air chauffé.We also know the patent document EP 1 327 825 which describes a closed hearth heating system comprising in particular a fan coupled to an electric motor, the fan being designed to circulate air in a duct opening by a fresh air intake provided on the front face of the heating system , above the window protecting the fireplace. The opening duct passes to the back of the fireplace to allow the heating of the air, and it is connected to heated air distribution ducts.

On connait également le document de brevet US 5,137,012 qui décrit un système de chauffage à foyer fermé pourvu de conduits d'air frais débouchant en partie supérieure à l'arrière de la vitre protégeant le foyer de manière à provoquer un déplacement d'air léchant la paroi intérieure de la vitre pour limiter son encrassement. La vitre est ainsi autonettoyante.We also know the patent document US 5,137,012 which describes a closed hearth heating system provided with fresh air ducts opening at the top of the rear of the window protecting the fireplace so as to cause a displacement of air licking the inner wall of the window to limit its fouling . The glass is self-cleaning.

On connait également le document de brevet DE 10 2005 049 276 qui décrit un système de chauffage comportant une chambre de combustion unique. Cette chambre de combustion peut être utilisée pour brûler des bûches de bois ou des granulés de bois, transférés dans la chambre de combustion par une plaque prévue à l'arrière de la chambre de combustion et mobile en translation verticale.We also know the patent document DE 10 2005 049 276 which describes a heating system having a single combustion chamber. This combustion chamber can be used to burn wood logs or wood pellets, transferred into the combustion chamber by a plate provided at the rear of the combustion chamber and movable in vertical translation.

On connait enfin le document de brevet WO 2004/046 614 qui décrit un système de chauffage apte à fonctionner avec des bûches de bois et des granulés de bois.We finally know the patent document WO 2004/046 614 which describes a heating system that can work with logs and wood pellets.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer un système de chauffage à double combustion, en particulier un poêle à bois à usage domestique pour le chauffage d'une habitation, apte à fonctionner en même temps ou séparément avec par exemple des buches de bois et/ou des granulés de bois.The object of the invention is to provide a dual combustion heating system, in particular a wood stove for domestic use for heating a dwelling, able to operate simultaneously or separately with for example wood logs and / or wood pellets.

Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un tel système de chauffage à double combustion qui présente une réelle ergonomie pour être disposé dans une pièce de vie d'une habitation tout en offrant un rendement satisfaisant.Another object of the invention is to provide such a dual combustion heating system which has real ergonomics to be arranged in a living room of a home while providing satisfactory performance.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un système de chauffage, comprenant une première chambre de combustion et une seconde chambre de combustion, caractérisé en ce que la première chambre de combustion est séparée par une paroi vitrée de la seconde chambre de combustion.For this purpose, the invention relates to a heating system, comprising a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber, characterized in that the first combustion chamber is separated by a glass wall of the second combustion chamber.

II n'est pas prévu selon l'invention de munir la seconde chambre de combustion, par exemple adaptée pour les pellets, d'une ouverture avec une porte vitrée en façade mais de prévoir cette porte vitrée en façade seulement de la première chambre de combustion, par exemple adaptée pour les bûches de bois, ce qui limite les déperditions de chaleur.It is not intended according to the invention to provide the second combustion chamber, for example adapted for pellets, an opening with a glass door on the front but to provide this glass door on the front only of the first combustion chamber , for example suitable for wood logs, which limits heat loss.

Le système de chauffage selon l'invention peut encore présenter les particularités suivantes :

  • la première chambre de combustion est fermée en façade par une porte vitrée, ladite paroi vitrée se présentant à travers ladite première chambre de combustion en arrière plan de ladite porte vitrée ;
  • ladite paroi vitrée est bombée vers l'intérieur de ladite première chambre de combustion et ladite porte vitrée est bombée vers l'extérieur de ladite première chambre de combustion ;
  • un élément solide d'accumulation et de diffusion lente de chaleur couvre au moins en partie ladite seconde chambre de combustion ;
  • une résistance électrique de chauffage peut être intégrée dans ledit élément solide ;
  • il comprend une boîte à fumée qui communique avec un raccordement à double flux monobloc destiné à être raccordé d'une part à un conduit d'évacuation de fumée à double flux et d'autre part à un conduit flexible de prise d'air frais ;
  • il peut être du type du type en forme de colonne comportant une partie inférieure destinée à reposer au sol, une partie supérieure destinée à contenir une boîte à fumée et une partie intermédiaire disposée entre la partie supérieure et la partie inférieur et dans laquelle sont disposées lesdites chambres de combustion, et dans lequel il est prévu un ventilateur qui est raccordé à un conduit d'air ayant une entrée sensiblement au voisinage du haut de la partie intermédiaire et une sortie sensiblement au voisinage du bas de la partie inférieure, ledit ventilateur fonctionnant pour faire circuler de l'air ambiant entre ladite entrée et ladite sortie du conduit ;
  • il peut être du type en forme de colonne à section sensiblement circulaire ;
  • il peut être du type en forme de colonne à section sensiblement hexagonale ;
  • il peut être du type en forme de colonne à section sensiblement rectangulaire ou carrée ;
  • il peut comprendre une barrière de sécurité à l'avant de ladite porte vitrée ;
  • ladite paroi vitrée et ladite porte vitrée peuvent être prévues autonettoyantes ;
  • la première chambre de combustion peut être adaptée pour des bûches de bois et la seconde chambre de combustion peut être adaptée pour des granulés de bois ;
  • il peut être prévu un ventilateur qui est raccordé à un conduit d'air ayant une entrée sensiblement à mi-hauteur de la colonne et une sortie sensiblement en bas de la colonne au ras du sol pour réaliser un brassage de l'air ambiant.
The heating system according to the invention may also have the following features:
  • the first combustion chamber is closed in front by a glass door, said glass wall being through said first combustion chamber in the background of said glass door;
  • said glass wall is curved towards the inside of said first combustion chamber and said glass door is curved towards outside said first combustion chamber;
  • a solid storage and slow heat diffusion element at least partially covers said second combustion chamber;
  • an electrical heating resistor can be integrated into said solid element;
  • it comprises a smoke box which communicates with a monobloc double flow connection intended to be connected on the one hand to a dual-flow smoke evacuation pipe and on the other hand to a flexible fresh air intake duct;
  • it may be of the type of a columnar type having a lower part intended to rest on the ground, an upper part intended to contain a smoke box and an intermediate part arranged between the upper part and the lower part and in which are disposed said combustion chambers, and in which there is provided a fan which is connected to an air duct having an inlet substantially in the vicinity of the top of the intermediate portion and an outlet substantially in the vicinity of the bottom of the lower part, said fan operating for circulating ambient air between said inlet and said outlet of the conduit;
  • it may be of the columnar type with a substantially circular section;
  • it can be of the columnar type with substantially hexagonal section;
  • it may be of the columnar type with a substantially rectangular or square section;
  • it may comprise a safety barrier at the front of said glass door;
  • said glass wall and said glass door can be provided self-cleaning;
  • the first combustion chamber can be adapted for wood logs and the second combustion chamber can be adapted for wood pellets;
  • it can be provided a fan which is connected to an air duct having an inlet substantially at mid-height of the column and an output substantially at the bottom of the column flush with the ground to perform a stirring of the ambient air.

Le système de chauffage selon l'invention peut être avantageusement un poêle à bois procurant une vision panoramique tant de la flamme du foyer à bûches de bois que de la flamme du foyer à pellets. A la place d'un foyer à pellets, on pourrait avoir un foyer à gaz ou à pétrole par exemple.The heating system according to the invention may advantageously be a wood stove providing a panoramic view of both the flame of the wood log fireplace and the flame of the fireplace pellet. Instead of a pellet stove, you could have a gas or oil fireplace for example.

Un exemple de réalisation du système de chauffage selon l'invention est décrit ci-après et illustré sur les dessins.

  • La figure 1 montre schématiquement en perspective un exemple de poêle à bois selon l'invention.
  • La figure 2 montre schématique en vue de dessus la sole du poêle de la figure 1.
  • La figure 3 montre schématiquement selon une première vue en coupe axiale, la circulation des fumées dans le poêle de la figure 1.
  • La figure 4 montre schématiquement selon une seconde coupe axiale, la circulation d'air neuf dans le poêle de la figure 1.
  • La figure 5 illustre une réalisation du poêle selon l'invention à section transversale de forme hexagonale.
  • La figure 6 illustre une autre réalisation du poêle selon l'invention à section transversale de forme rectangulaire ou carrée.
  • La figure 7 illustre une autre réalisation du poêle selon l'invention à section transversale de forme circulaire.
An embodiment of the heating system according to the invention is described below and illustrated in the drawings.
  • The figure 1 schematically shows in perspective an example of a wood stove according to the invention.
  • The figure 2 schematic view in top view the sole of the stove of the figure 1 .
  • The figure 3 schematically shows in a first view in axial section, the circulation of fumes in the stove of the figure 1 .
  • The figure 4 shows schematically in a second axial section, the circulation of fresh air in the stove of the figure 1 .
  • The figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of the stove according to the invention hexagonal cross section.
  • The figure 6 illustrates another embodiment of the stove according to the invention with rectangular or square cross section.
  • The figure 7 illustrates another embodiment of the stove according to the invention circular cross section.

Sur la figure 1, on a représenté de façon très schématique un système de chauffage à bois hybride ou mixte 1 à double foyers selon l'invention qui peut fonctionner selon trois modes de fonctionnement, à savoir alternativement avec des bûches de bois ou avec des granulés de bois ou pellets, ou simultanément avec des bûches de bois et des pellets.On the figure 1 , a schematic representation of a system hybrid wood heating system or mixed dual fireplaces according to the invention which can operate in three modes of operation, namely alternately with logs of wood or with wood pellets or pellets, or simultaneously with logs of wood and wood. pellets.

Le système de chauffage à bois illustré sur la figure 1 selon l'invention est ici un poêle à bois destiné à équiper une pièce à vivre dans une habitation ou encore un bureau.The wood heating system shown on the figure 1 according to the invention is here a wood stove to equip a living room in a home or office.

Ce poêle à bois 1 est dans l'exemple en forme de colonne ici à section transversale hexagonale. La hauteur de ce poêle à bois peut être par exemple de 120mm et sa section de l'ordre de 600mm.This wood stove 1 is in the example in column form here hexagonal cross section. The height of this wood stove can be for example 120mm and its section of the order of 600mm.

La structure générale du poêle à bois 1 (visible aussi sur les figures 3 et 4) est constituée principalement de trois blocs superposés, ayant des hauteurs sensiblement égales, à savoir : a) un bloc inférieur 2 formant un socle et dans lequel peuvent être disposés un ventilateur 3 d'air chaud et de combustion pour le foyer à pellets, un compartiment 4 pour ranger des bûches de bois et un tiroir à cendres 5 pour le foyer à bûches de bois; b) un bloc intermédiaire 6 dans lequel sont disposés en juxtaposition les deux foyers 7 et 8 respectivement à bûches de bois et à pellets sur un même plan horizontal, et enfin c) un bloc supérieur 9 dans lequel peuvent être disposées une boîte à fumée 10, une trémie 11 et une vis sans fin motorisée 12 pour les pellets ainsi qu'une électronique de commande et de réglage du système de chauffage à pellets. L'électronique peut comprendre un pupitre de commande fixé au revers d'une trappe d'accès 13 à la trémie 11 disposée sur le dessus du poêle.The general structure of the wood stove 1 (also visible on the Figures 3 and 4 ) consists mainly of three superimposed blocks, having substantially equal heights, namely: a) a lower block 2 forming a base and in which can be arranged a fan 3 of hot air and combustion for the pellet fireplace, a compartment 4 for storing wood logs and an ash drawer 5 for the log burner; b) an intermediate block 6 in which are arranged in juxtaposition the two fireplaces 7 and 8 respectively with logs of wood and pellets on the same horizontal plane, and finally c) an upper block 9 in which can be arranged a smoke box 10 , a hopper 11 and a motorized auger 12 for pellets and an electronic control and adjustment of the pellet heating system. The electronics may include a control panel attached to the back of an access hatch 13 to the hopper 11 disposed on the top of the stove.

Comme visible sur les figures 1, 3 et 4, l'évacuation des fumées se fait ici par le dessus du poêle mais il est entendu qu'elle pourrait aussi se faire par l'arrière du poêle sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.As visible on Figures 1, 3 and 4 , the evacuation of smoke is done here from above the stove but it is understood that it could also be done from the back of the stove without departing from the scope of the invention.

Un élément de raccordement 14 à un conduit de fumée à double flux est fixé de façon étanche sur le dessus de la boite à fumée 10 et donc sur le dessus du poêle. Cet élément de raccordement monobloc comprend aussi un piquage (ici oblique) pour un conduit flexible de prise d'air frais récupéré à travers un des deux canaux du conduit de fumée à double flux.A connection element 14 to a double flow smoke duct is sealed to the top of the smoke box 10 and thus on the top of the stove. This one-piece connection element also comprises a stitching (here oblique) for a flexible intake fresh air duct recovered through one of the two channels of the double-flow smoke duct.

La disposition de cet élément de raccordement 14 monobloc permet un tirage naturel du foyer à bûches de bois et un rendement amélioré du foyer à pellets grâce à une réduction des pertes de charges. En outre, la réalisation monobloc de l'élément de raccordement 14 contribue à une économie de composants et un gain de temps au montage.The provision of this monobloc connection element 14 allows a natural draft of the wood fire and improved performance of the pellet fireplace through a reduction of pressure losses. In addition, the one-piece construction of the connecting element 14 contributes to a saving of components and a time saving during assembly.

Sur les figures 1 et 4, on voit que le conduit d'air frais 16 est un flexible qui part du piquage 15 et qui descend sous le foyer à pellets, le flux d'air frais étant représenté par des flèches blanches. Les fumées produites par le foyer à pellets sont évacués de façon naturelle (voir les flèches sombres sur les figures 3 et 4) à la verticale à travers la boîte à fumée 10. Le foyer à bûches de bois est quant à lui indépendant du ventilateur 3, l'entrée d'air frais se faisant à travers le tiroir à cendres 5. Les fumées du foyer à bûches de bois s'évacuent par la boite à fumée 10 à travers une canalisation munie d'une trappe anti-retour 17 de fumée.On the Figures 1 and 4 it can be seen that the fresh air duct 16 is a hose which starts from the tap 15 and which goes down under the pellet stove, the fresh air flow being represented by white arrows. The fumes produced by the pellet stove are evacuated in a natural way (see the dark arrows on the Figures 3 and 4 The log firebox is independent of the fan 3, the fresh air inlet being through the ash drawer 5. The fumes from the log fire of wood are evacuated through the smoke box 10 through a pipe provided with a non-return smoke door 17.

Par ailleurs, il est prévu dans l'agencement de ce poêle, une circulation d'air qui est prélevé dans la pièce depuis le bloc intermédiaire 6 à travers des ouvertures 18, qui est ensuite réchauffé dans ce bloc intermédiaire 18 par l'un ou les deux foyers et qui est renvoyé dans la pièce par le bas du bloc inférieur 2.Furthermore, there is provided in the arrangement of this stove, a circulation of air which is drawn into the room from the intermediate block 6 through openings 18, which is then reheated in this intermediate block 18 by one or both homes and returned to the room from the bottom of the lower block 2.

Selon l'invention, les deux foyers 7 et 8 sont séparés par une paroi vitrée 19 commune visible sur la figure 2 et de préférence le foyer 7 à bûches de bois (référencées par 20) est muni d'une porte vitrée 21 en façade du poêle disposée de telle sorte que la paroi vitrée 19 se présente en arrière plan de la porte vitrée 21 dans le foyer 7. Le foyer à bûches de bois 7 joue en quelque sorte le rôle d'un sas intermédiaire pour le foyer à pellets 8. Comme on peut le comprendre, le foyer à pellets 8 n'a pas d'ouverture en façade vers l'extérieur du poêle et le doublage de la paroi vitrée 19 par la porte vitrée 21 contribue à l'obtention d'un très bon rendement du système de chauffage à pellets comparable à celui d'une chaudière à pellets.According to the invention, the two foci 7 and 8 are separated by a common glass wall 19 visible on the figure 2 and preferably the fireplace 7 wood logs (referenced 20) is provided with a glass door 21 in front of the stove arranged such that the glass wall 19 is in the background of the glass door 21 in the fireplace 7 The log burner 7 acts as a sort of intermediate lock for the pellets fireplace. it can be understood, the fireplace pellet 8 has no opening in front of the stove and the doubling of the glass wall 19 by the glass door 21 contributes to obtaining a very good performance of the pellet heating system comparable to that of a pellet boiler.

La porte vitrée 21 est de préférence également arrondie ou bombée vers l'extérieur du poêle et la paroi vitrée 19 présente aussi de préférence une forme arrondie ou bombée (ici en forme d'arc de cercle) vers l'intérieur du foyer 7 ce qui procure une vision panoramique, depuis l'extérieur du poêle, de la flamme sortant du creuset 22 du foyer à pellets 8. On peut concevoir un double vitrage pour la porte 21 comme pour la paroi 19 sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Sur la figure 2, les parties rectilignes de la paroi 19 de séparation entre les deux foyers 7 et 8 peuvent être en fonte ou encore en tôle. Les parois non vitrées des foyers 7 et 8 (en particulier les parois en façade du poêle) peuvent avantageusement être couvertes par un élément solide d'accumulation et de diffusion lente de chaleur tel que 23 du type en céramique ou stéatite. Le même élément d'accumulation peut également couvrir les parois extérieures de la boîte à fumée 10. La partie vitrée de la paroi 19 peut être montée sur un châssis basculant ou rotatif permettant un accès à la surface de cette paroi située du côté du foyer 8, par exemple pour permettre son nettoyage.The glazed door 21 is preferably also rounded or curved toward the outside of the stove and the glazed wall 19 also preferably has a rounded or curved shape (here in the shape of a circular arc) towards the inside of the hearth 7 which provides a panoramic view, from the outside of the stove, the flame leaving the crucible 22 of the fireplace pellet 8. Can be designed double glazing for the door 21 as for the wall 19 without departing from the scope of the invention. On the figure 2 , the rectilinear portions of the partition wall 19 between the two foci 7 and 8 may be cast iron or still sheet. The unglazed walls of the fireplaces 7 and 8 (in particular the walls at the front of the stove) can advantageously be covered by a solid element of accumulation and slow diffusion of heat such as 23 of the ceramic or steatite type. The same accumulation element can also cover the outer walls of the smoke box 10. The glass part of the wall 19 can be mounted on a tilting or rotary frame allowing access to the surface of this wall located on the side of the fireplace 8 for example to allow cleaning.

Le foyer à bûches de bois 7 peut donc diffuser directement de la chaleur dans la pièce à travers la porte vitrée 21. La chaleur fournie par le foyer à pellets 8 est stockée dans l'accumulateur 23 pour être diffusée lentement en façade et sur le dessus du poêle.The log burner 7 can therefore diffuse heat directly into the room through the glass door 21. The heat supplied by the pellet burner 8 is stored in the accumulator 23 to be diffused slowly in front and on the top stove.

Selon l'invention, une résistance électrique de chauffage (non représentée) peut être intégrée dans l'élément solide d'accumulation et de diffusion lente de chaleur 23 pour constituer par exemple un système de chauffage d'appoint ou de mise hors gel quand les deux foyers 7 et 8 ne sont pas utilisés. Le fonctionnement de ce système de chauffage d'appoint peut être commandé depuis le pupitre de commande ou à distance avec des moyens de télécommunication.According to the invention, an electrical heating resistor (not shown) can be integrated in the solid storage and slow heat diffusion element 23 to form, for example, an auxiliary heating or frost protection system when the two fireplaces 7 and 8 are not used. The operation of this auxiliary heating system can be controlled from the control panel or remotely with telecommunication means.

Sur les figures 5 à 7, on a illustré l'effet de vision panoramique procuré par la porte vitrée 21 doublant la paroi vitrée 19 et ce pour différentes formes de section de la colonne du poêle.On the Figures 5 to 7 , the panoramic vision effect provided by the glass door 21 doubling the glass wall 19 and this for different shapes of section of the stove column.

Sur la figure 5, le poêle a une section transversale hexagonale et la porte vitrée 21 est pliée sur trois pans et offre un champ de vision d'environ 180° sur le foyer à bûches de bois 7 et d'environ 132° sur le foyer à pellets.On the figure 5 , the stove has a hexagonal cross-section and the glass door 21 is folded on three sides and has a field of view of about 180 ° on the log fire 7 and about 132 ° on the pellet fireplace.

Sur la figure 6, le poêle à une section transversale rectangulaire et ici carrée et la porte vitrée 21 et pliée sur deux pans et offre un champ de vision d'environ 162° sur le foyer à bûches de bois et d'environ 108° sur le foyer à pellets.On the figure 6 , the stove has a rectangular cross section and square here and the glass door 21 and folded on two sides and offers a field of view of about 162 ° on the log fire and about 108 ° on the fireplace pellet .

Sur la figure 7, le poêle à une section transversale circulaire et la porte vitrée 21 est cintrée et offre un champ de vision d'environ 219° sur le foyer à bûches de bois et d'environ 180° sur le foyer à pellets.On the figure 7 , the stove has a circular cross section and the glass door 21 is curved and has a field of view of about 219 ° on the wood fire and about 180 ° on the fireplace.

La construction du poêle selon l'invention permet donc d'obtenir une vision panoramique des flammes des deux foyers en même temps ou de façon séparée. Cette construction contribue en outre à l'obtention d'un meilleur rendement que les poêles mixtes classiques. Elle élimine par ailleurs la présence d'une porte vitrée sur le foyer à pellets laquelle peut constituer un risque d'accident par brûlure pour les enfants par exemple.The construction of the stove according to the invention thus provides a panoramic view of the flames of the two homes at the same time or separately. This construction also contributes to obtaining a better performance than conventional mixed stoves. It also eliminates the presence of a glass door on the fireplace pellet which can be a risk of burn accident for children for example.

La porte vitrée (qui peut être tournante ou coulissante ou encore basculante) peut être avantageusement protégée par une barrière de sécurité éventuellement rétractable comme cela est bien connu. La paroi vitrée comme la porte vitrée peuvent être conçues autonettoyantes par exemple grâce à un dépôt de dioxyde de titane.The glass door (which can be rotating or sliding or tilting) can be advantageously protected by a possibly retractable security barrier as is well known. The glass wall as the glass door can be designed self-cleaning for example through a deposit of titanium dioxide.

Le poêle selon l'invention peut être conçu comme indiqué plus haut pour que de l'air ambiant prélevé sensiblement à mi-hauteur de la colonne du poêle par les ouvertures 18 soit refoulé au niveau de la partie la plus basse du poêle au ras du sol. Plus particulièrement, le ventilateur 3 par exemple peut être raccordé à un conduit de circulation d'air 24 qui s'étend entre les entrées d'air 18 et des sorties d'air telles que 25 sur la figure 3. L'entrée d'air 18 du conduit 24 est disposée sensiblement au voisinage du haut de la partie intermédiaire 6 du poêle, soit à environ un mètre du sol, et les sorties d'air 25 sont disposées sensiblement au voisinage du bas de la partie inférieure 2 du poêle, c'est-à-dire pratiquement au ras du sol. Comme visible sur la figure 3, le conduit d'air 24 peut longer l'accumulateur solide 23 pour être en outre réchauffé par conduction ou rayonnement. L'air ambiant qui est aspiré par le ventilateur 3 au niveau des entrées 18 est en général plus chaud que l'air ambiant qui se trouve au ras du sol et ce système de ventilation permet donc un brassage de l'air ambiant pour améliorer le confort dans la pièce où est situé le poêle.The stove according to the invention may be designed as indicated above so that ambient air taken substantially at mid-height of the column of the stove by the openings 18 is discharged at the lowest part of the stove at ground level. More particularly, the fan 3 for example can be connected to an air duct 24 which extends between the air inlets 18 and air outlets such as 25 on the floor. figure 3 . The air inlet 18 of the duct 24 is disposed substantially near the top of the intermediate portion 6 of the stove, ie about one meter from the ground, and the air outlets 25 are arranged substantially near the bottom of the part. lower 2 of the stove, that is to say practically flush with the ground. As visible on the figure 3 , the air duct 24 may follow the solid accumulator 23 to be further heated by conduction or radiation. The ambient air that is sucked by the fan 3 at the inputs 18 is generally warmer than the ambient air which is flush with the ground and this ventilation system therefore allows a mixing of the ambient air to improve the air flow. comfort in the room where the stove is located.

Claims (13)

Système de chauffage, comprenant une première chambre de combustion (7) et une seconde chambre de combustion (8), caractérisé en ce que la première chambre de combustion est séparée par une paroi vitrée (19) de la seconde chambre de combustion.Heating system, comprising a first combustion chamber (7) and a second combustion chamber (8), characterized in that the first combustion chamber is separated by a glass wall (19) of the second combustion chamber. Le système de chauffage selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite première chambre de combustion est fermée en façade par une porte vitrée (21), ladite paroi vitrée se présentant à travers ladite première chambre de combustion en arrière plan de ladite porte vitrée.The heating system according to claim 1, wherein said first combustion chamber is closed frontally by a glass door (21), said glass wall being through said first combustion chamber in the background of said glass door. Le système de chauffage selon la revendication 2, dans lequel ladite paroi vitrée est bombée vers l'intérieur de ladite première chambre de combustion et ladite porte vitrée est bombée vers l'extérieur de ladite première chambre de combustion.The heating system of claim 2, wherein said glazed wall is curved inwardly of said first combustion chamber and said glass door is curved outwardly of said first combustion chamber. Le système de chauffage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel un élément solide (23) d'accumulation et de diffusion lente de chaleur couvre au moins en partie ladite seconde chambre de combustion.The heating system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a solid element (23) for accumulation and slow heat diffusion covers at least in part said second combustion chamber. Le système de chauffage selon la revendication 4, dans lequel une résistance électrique de chauffage est intégrée dans ledit élément solide.The heating system of claim 4, wherein an electrical heating resistor is integrated in said solid element. Le système de chauffage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant une boîte à fumée (10) qui communique avec un raccordement à double flux (14) monobloc destiné à être raccordé d'une part à un conduit d'évacuation de fumée à double flux et d'autre part à un conduit flexible de prise d'air frais.The heating system according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a smoke box (10) which communicates with a monobloc double flow connection (14) intended to be connected on the one hand to a double smoke exhaust duct flow and on the other hand to a flexible duct fresh air intake. Le système de chauffage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, du type en forme de colonne comportant une partie inférieure (2) destinée à reposer au sol, une partie supérieure (9) destinée à contenir une boîte à fumée et une partie intermédiaire (6) disposée entre la partie supérieure et la partie inférieur et dans laquelle sont disposées lesdites chambres de combustion, et dans lequel il est prévu un ventilateur (3) qui est raccordé à un conduit d'air (24) ayant une entrée (18) sensiblement au voisinage du haut de la partie intermédiaire et une sortie (24) sensiblement au voisinage du bas de la partie inférieure, ledit ventilateur fonctionnant pour faire circuler de l'air ambiant entre ladite entrée et ladite sortie du conduit.The heating system according to one of the preceding claims, of the column-like type having a lower part (2) intended to rest on the ground, an upper part (9) intended to contain a smoke box and an intermediate part (6) arranged between the upper part and the lower part and in which the combustion chambers are arranged, and in which there is provided a fan (3) which is connected to an air duct (24) having an inlet (18) substantially near the top of the intermediate portion and an outlet (24) substantially adjacent the bottom of the lower portion, said fan operating to circulate ambient air between said inlet and said exit of the conduit. Le système de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, du type en forme de colonne à section sensiblement circulaire.The heating system according to one of claims 1 to 7, of the columnar type with substantially circular section. Le système de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, du type en forme de colonne à section sensiblement hexagonale.The heating system according to one of claims 1 to 7, of the columnar type with substantially hexagonal section. Le système de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, du type en forme de colonne à section sensiblement rectangulaire ou carrée.The heating system according to one of claims 1 to 7, of the columnar type with substantially rectangular or square section. Le système de chauffage selon la revendication 2, comprenant une barrière de sécurité à l'avant de ladite porte vitrée.The heating system of claim 2 including a safety barrier at the front of said glazed door. Le système de chauffage selon la revendication 2, dans lequel ladite paroi vitrée et ladite porte vitrée sont prévues autonettoyantes.The heating system of claim 2, wherein said glazed wall and said glazed door are self-cleaning. Le système de chauffage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la première chambre de combustion est adaptée pour des bûches de bois et la seconde chambre de combustion est adaptée pour des granulés de bois.The heating system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first combustion chamber is adapted for wood logs and the second combustion chamber is suitable for wood pellets.
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