EP2385320A1 - Groupe d'échange thermique/brûleur - Google Patents

Groupe d'échange thermique/brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2385320A1
EP2385320A1 EP11164787A EP11164787A EP2385320A1 EP 2385320 A1 EP2385320 A1 EP 2385320A1 EP 11164787 A EP11164787 A EP 11164787A EP 11164787 A EP11164787 A EP 11164787A EP 2385320 A1 EP2385320 A1 EP 2385320A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
heat exchanger
combustion
heat
diffuser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11164787A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2385320B1 (fr
Inventor
Massimo Gilioli
Antonio Acocella
Massimo Dotti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beckett Thermal Solutions SRL
Original Assignee
Worgas Bruciatori SRL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Worgas Bruciatori SRL filed Critical Worgas Bruciatori SRL
Publication of EP2385320A1 publication Critical patent/EP2385320A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2385320B1 publication Critical patent/EP2385320B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1836—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M20/00—Details of combustion chambers, not otherwise provided for, e.g. means for storing heat from flames
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M9/00—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
    • F23M9/06—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields in fire-boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/101—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape
    • F23D2203/1012—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape tubular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/101—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape
    • F23D2203/1017—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape curved
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2210/00—Burner and heat exchanger are integrated

Definitions

  • the present invention describes a burner-heat exchanger group for gas boilers.
  • Gas boilers of the prior art comprise a conduit for feeding a burner with a premixed gas-air mixture, a burner for heat production through combustion of such mixture in a combustion chamber, and optionally a support element connectable to the heat exchanger and/or to the feeding conduit for ensuring the closure of the combustion chamber and/or for positioning the burner relative to such combustion chamber.
  • the burner further comprises a diffuser through which the premixed fuel and air gas is conveyed and which causes a flame pattern for heat production.
  • the diffuser usually comprises a wall provided with a plurality of openings and having an inner surface in fluid communication with the feeding conduit and an outer surface whereon the combustion takes place. It therefore defines a surface that is herein called outer combustion surface.
  • a distribution device or distributor, arranged on the diffuser side opposite the combustion surface, usually comprising a wall with a plurality of through openings, configured so as to distribute the gas-air mixture in a substantially even manner or in any case in the desired manner towards the diffuser wall.
  • the heat produced by the combustion on the outer side of the diffuser wall is conveyed by means of the hot combustion gases to a heat exchanger for heating a fluid, for example water, that is then conveyed to a utility, for example to a heating system of an industrial process, of living environments or the like, and/or of sanitary water.
  • a fluid for example water
  • a utility for example to a heating system of an industrial process, of living environments or the like, and/or of sanitary water.
  • the burner-heat exchanger groups for gas boilers of the prior art exhibit drawbacks related to the emissions of polluting substances, and in particular carbon monoxide (CO).
  • groups which comprise the so-called "swirl" burners wherein the combustion takes place in a highly turbulent state.
  • Such groups exhibit the drawback of being expensive and cumbersome and thus in many cases, such as in household boilers, they cannot be used.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a burner-heat exchanger group for gas boilers having a reduced emission of polluting substances compared to the prior art groups while having such costs and dimensions as to make it suitable for all applications, including household ones.
  • a burner-heat exchanger group for gas boilers comprising:
  • a heat accumulation barrier with the above-mentioned features it is possible to increase the temperature in the first combustion area, that is, in the area close to the diffuser, and thus to reduce the unburnt products such as CO and other harmful substances.
  • the above-mentioned heat accumulation barrier can be configured so as to increase the resistance to the flow passage.
  • combustion gas it is meant a fuel-combustive agent mixture, for example methane and air.
  • the expression "of the continuous type" referred to the heat accumulation barrier indicates that it exhibits no openings or other discontinuities besides the porosity of the material it is made from.
  • a burner-heat exchanger group for gas boilers is globally indicated with reference number 1.
  • reference number 1 indicates a group wherein a burner produces heat by the combustion of a premixed fuel gas, generally comprising fuel gas and air.
  • a premixed fuel gas generally comprising fuel gas and air.
  • fuel gases are totally premixed, that is, no further component is added to the mixture supplied to the burner.
  • the burner-heat exchanger group 1 comprises a burner 2 mounted on a frame 9.
  • the latter is fixed to the exchanger, or to the mixture feeding system, either directly or through a support element, so as to identify a combustion chamber 4 (indicated with the dashed line in figure 1 ).
  • Burner 2 is provided with a diffuser 3 suitable for diffusing the premixed combustion gases in the combustion chamber 4.
  • the burner is also provided with a distributor of the known type not shown in the figures.
  • such diffuser 3 comprises a wall provided with a plurality of openings whose inner surface is in fluid communication with the gas feeding conduit. The combustion takes place on the outer surface of such wall, that is, on the side facing exchanger 5.
  • Burner 2 may exhibit a substantially flat, or slightly concave shape, as shown in figures 1 and 2 . As an alternative it may be of the cylindrical or frusto-conical type, as shown in figures 3 and 4 . Of course, the geometry of the burner-heat exchanger group 1 and of the relevant elements varies according to the type of burner 2.
  • Group 1 comprises a heat exchanger 5 that at the top delimits the volume portion that serves as combustion chamber 4. Generally, such volume portion is delimited by the ends of the heat exchange fins of exchanger 5.
  • group 1 also comprises a heat accumulation barrier 6 arranged between diffuser 3 and the portion of heat exchanger 5 adjacent to the combustion chamber 4 so as to define a first combustion area 7 and a second combustion area 8 and so as to accumulate heat in said first combustion area 7.
  • first combustion area 7 is comprised between burner 2 and the heat accumulation barrier 6
  • second combustion area 8 is comprised between the same heat accumulation barrier 6 and the portion of the heat exchanger 5 that delimits the combustion chamber 4.
  • the ratio between said first combustion area 7 and said second combustion area 8 is within the range 0.05 - 40.
  • the heat accumulation barrier 6 is suitable for absorbing thermal energy due to the combustion gases and for redistributing it through radiant emission with the effect of accumulating heat in the first combustion area 7.
  • the temperature within the first combustion area 7 is higher than the prior art and thus the forming of polluting products is limited.
  • Such diagram shows the temperature (T) trend of the mixture gases based on the distance from diffuser 3 (D), starting from the flame front, passing through the heat accumulation barrier 6, to end close to the surface of the heat exchanger 5 and pass it through.
  • the dashed line shows the trend in the case of known burner-heat exchanger groups, whereas the continuous line shows the diagram of group 1 according to the present invention.
  • the inner surface of the heat accumulation barrier 6 is positioned at a distance D1 from diffuser 3 and the outer surface thereof is at a distance D2.
  • D1 the distance between diffuser 3 and the heat accumulation barrier 6
  • the temperature is higher than the temperature that would be found in known groups of the same type.
  • the temperature is lower than the one that would be found in known groups of the same type.
  • the gas temperature varies from T1 to T2 in a reduced spatial interval.
  • the gas temperature upstream of the heat accumulation barrier 6 is equal to T1 and the gas temperature downstream of such barrier 6 is equal to T2.
  • the thermal energy is transferred by convection from the fluid to the barrier 6 itself.
  • the heat accumulation barrier 6 therefore creates a greater temperature difference between the first combustion area 7 and the second combustion area 8. This thermal jump due to the absorption by convection is caused also by the radiant effect since the heat accumulation barrier 6 radiates thermal energy further increasing the gas temperature in the first combustion area 7.
  • barrier 6 creates a temperature gradient ⁇ T equal to T1 - T2.
  • the heat accumulation barrier 6 may be configured so as to increase the resistance to the flow passage.
  • the heat accumulation barrier 6 is made from a catalytically inert material.
  • catalytically inert material denotes a material that does not modify the chemical combustion process thanks to its chemical composition, that is, a material that does not provide an alternative reactive combustion path.
  • Influencing the fuel oxidation process without altering the chemical path thereof allows using commonly used materials (ceramic, steel) whose cost is much lower than the catalytic materials used in the known groups for catalysing the combustion.
  • the efficacy of the heat accumulation barrier 6 of a catalytically inert material is not subject to deterioration, as it happens, on the other hand, for the catalytic materials that require periodical replacement, with consequent increase in costs.
  • the heat accumulation barrier 6 is made from a homogeneous material, that is, non-stratified.
  • the heat accumulation barrier 6 is connected to the heat exchanger 5.
  • it is connected to the end of the heat exchanger 5 that is closer to burner 2.
  • the heat accumulation barrier 6 is connected to burner 2, in particular to frame 9 of burner 2.
  • said heat accumulation barrier 6, in the connection point with burner 2 or with the heat exchanger 5 is thermally insulated therefrom so as to prevent or at least limit the heat dispersions by conduction.
  • the heat accumulation barrier 6 may be made from a material selected from: Fe-Cr-Al alloys; Ni-Cr alloys; Si-C alloys; refractory ceramic materials such as Al 2 O 3 ; aluminosilicate materials; cordierite.
  • the heat accumulation barrier 6 is made from a refractory metal material resistant to high temperatures such as Ni-Cr alloys.
  • Barrier 6 is of the continuous type, that is, it exhibits no openings or other discontinuities except for those intrinsic of the porous material it is made from.
  • the empty/full ratio of the porous material constituting the heat accumulation barrier 6 is higher than 40%. In this way it is possible to ensure that the combustion gases evenly distribute the heat on the heat accumulation barrier preventing the forming of fluid regions or fluid veins not involved in the heat exchange.
  • the heat accumulation barrier 6 is spaced apart from the diffuser 3 by a distance ranging from about 2 cm to about 8 cm.
  • a distance ranging from about 2 cm to about 8 cm.
  • Group 1 of the invention further comprises an ignition electrode not shown in the figures, which may be arranged in the first combustion area 7.
  • such ignition electrode may be equally spaced apart from diffuser 3 and from the heat accumulation barrier 6. In particular, it may be arranged at a distance ranging from about 5 mm to about 10 mm from both of them.
  • the heat accumulation barrier 6 has such a shape as to withstand heat deformations.
  • the shape of barrier 6 is such that, deforming by the effect of the heat expansions, it takes a suitable predetermined shape without breaking or losing functionality.
  • barrier 6 is a box-shaped or plate-shaped wall, in particular it comprises a wall with a profile including a portion perpendicular to the flow direction of the fuel-combustive agent mixture, two outer portions for the connection to group 1 and two connecting portions between said portion perpendicular to the flow direction and said connecting portions.
  • barrier 6 is cylindrical as well.
  • said heat accumulation barrier 6 exhibits stiffening ribs suitable for preventing breakage.
  • the present invention also relates to a gas boiler comprising a burner-heat exchanger group 1 as described above.
  • the present invention discloses a method for heating a fluid through combustion of a premixed fuel-combustive agent mixture comprising the steps of:
  • the step of thermally radiating the mixture in a first combustion area 7 is carried out by means of the heat accumulation barrier 6 described above.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Air Filters, Heat-Exchange Apparatuses, And Housings Of Air-Conditioning Units (AREA)
EP11164787.1A 2010-05-05 2011-05-04 Groupe d'échange thermique/brûleur Not-in-force EP2385320B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000790A ITMI20100790A1 (it) 2010-05-05 2010-05-05 Gruppo bruciatore-scambiatore di calore

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2385320A1 true EP2385320A1 (fr) 2011-11-09
EP2385320B1 EP2385320B1 (fr) 2015-06-10

Family

ID=43244834

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11164787.1A Not-in-force EP2385320B1 (fr) 2010-05-05 2011-05-04 Groupe d'échange thermique/brûleur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2385320B1 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20100790A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109442747A (zh) * 2018-08-31 2019-03-08 芜湖鸣人热能设备有限公司 一种灰腔预热锅炉
CN112240647A (zh) * 2019-07-17 2021-01-19 张春运 一种热交换管及水加热装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4640262A (en) * 1983-10-15 1987-02-03 Webasto-Werk W. Baier Gmbh & Co. Heater, especially a heater for vehicles
DE3700444A1 (de) * 1987-01-09 1988-07-21 Siegfried W Schilling Heizkessel
DE9101375U1 (de) * 1991-02-07 1991-07-11 Mann, Wilhelm, Dipl.-Ing., 6301 Allendorf Brennkammereinsatz für Heizkessel mit Gebläsebrenner
DE29611061U1 (de) * 1996-06-24 1996-08-29 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co., 35108 Allendorf Heizkessel
US20010031440A1 (en) * 1997-03-24 2001-10-18 Jorg Fullemann Boiler equipped with a burner
DE20212726U1 (de) * 2002-08-14 2002-10-10 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Heizgerät mit Wassermantel aus Metallschaum

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4640262A (en) * 1983-10-15 1987-02-03 Webasto-Werk W. Baier Gmbh & Co. Heater, especially a heater for vehicles
DE3700444A1 (de) * 1987-01-09 1988-07-21 Siegfried W Schilling Heizkessel
DE9101375U1 (de) * 1991-02-07 1991-07-11 Mann, Wilhelm, Dipl.-Ing., 6301 Allendorf Brennkammereinsatz für Heizkessel mit Gebläsebrenner
DE29611061U1 (de) * 1996-06-24 1996-08-29 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co., 35108 Allendorf Heizkessel
US20010031440A1 (en) * 1997-03-24 2001-10-18 Jorg Fullemann Boiler equipped with a burner
DE20212726U1 (de) * 2002-08-14 2002-10-10 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Heizgerät mit Wassermantel aus Metallschaum

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109442747A (zh) * 2018-08-31 2019-03-08 芜湖鸣人热能设备有限公司 一种灰腔预热锅炉
CN112240647A (zh) * 2019-07-17 2021-01-19 张春运 一种热交换管及水加热装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2385320B1 (fr) 2015-06-10
ITMI20100790A1 (it) 2011-11-06

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