EP2374039A1 - Dispositif electrocommandable a epaisseur controlee de milieu electro-actif et de fabrication simplifiee et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Dispositif electrocommandable a epaisseur controlee de milieu electro-actif et de fabrication simplifiee et son procede de fabrication

Info

Publication number
EP2374039A1
EP2374039A1 EP09796654A EP09796654A EP2374039A1 EP 2374039 A1 EP2374039 A1 EP 2374039A1 EP 09796654 A EP09796654 A EP 09796654A EP 09796654 A EP09796654 A EP 09796654A EP 2374039 A1 EP2374039 A1 EP 2374039A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
varnish
electroactive
glass
electro
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09796654A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabienne Piroux
Gilles Bokobza
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of EP2374039A1 publication Critical patent/EP2374039A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F1/1516—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising organic material
    • G02F1/15165—Polymers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1503—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect caused by oxidation-reduction reactions in organic liquid solutions, e.g. viologen solutions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F2001/15145—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material the electrochromic layer comprises a mixture of anodic and cathodic compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention is an improvement to electrically controllable devices with variable optical / energy properties, comprising the following stack of layers: a first glass-function substrate (V 1 );
  • an electroactive system comprising or consisting of: at least one electroactive organic compound
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) a second substrate with a glass function (v 2 ).
  • TCC electronically conductive layers
  • Transparent Conductive Coating an example of which is a transparent conductive oxide TCO ("Transparent Conductive
  • the compound (eai + ) is electrochromic (being, for example, 1,1'-diethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium diperchlorate) and that the compound (ea2) is electrochromic (for example being 5, 10-dihydro-5,10-phenothiazine) or non-electrochromic (being for example a ferrocene)
  • electrochromic being, for example, 1,1'-diethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium diperchlorate
  • the compound (ea2) is electrochromic (for example being 5, 10-dihydro-5,10-phenothiazine) or non-electrochromic (being for example a ferrocene)
  • the redox reactions which are established under the action of the electric current are as follows:
  • the electroactive medium (ea) is a medium in solution or gelled. It can also be contained in a self-supported polymer matrix as described in the international application PCT / FR2008 / 051160 filed on 25/06/2008 or in the European application EP 1786883.
  • the medium (ea) In the case where the medium (ea) is in solution or gelled and therefore has no mechanical strength, it must be encapsulated in the "reservoir" zone delimited by the two glass plates (v x ), (v 2 ) arranged face to face with their internal surfaces each coated by the layer respectively (TCCi), (TCC2), and by a seal or encapsulating peripheral frame, electrical insulator.
  • the filling of this reservoir zone is carried out by a orifice made in this peripheral joint by a relatively complex vacuum technique.
  • FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawing schematically illustrates the configuration s' such a double glazing, which comprises a third glass sheet (v 3 ), facing the glass sheet (v 2 ), with the interposition of a blade of air or another gas, such as argon, between the sheets (v 2 ) and (v 3 ), the peripheral seal (not shown) being adapted to hold the assembly.
  • a blade of air or another gas such as argon
  • the glass sheets (v1) and (v2), located on the outside must be made of tempered glass because of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass.
  • tempered glass has mini-flatness defects, which will lead to a color homogeneity problem during operation of the electrically controllable device.
  • the electro-active medium in the liquid phase must allow the mobility of the electro-active species (eal) and (ea2), (eai + ) and (ea 2 + )
  • it must therefore have a certain thickness, which must also allow the filling and must also be adjusted precisely to be thick enough to overcome the problems of non-homogeneity of the color of the glazing but not too thick not to harm the speed of this color change and good visibility through the glazing.
  • Such a thickness is in practice between 100 .mu.m and 700 .mu.m.
  • the Applicant Company has therefore sought to eliminate or reduce at least one of these numerous disadvantages, and in particular it has sought ways to control the thickness of the active medium other than by controlling the distance between the two. substrates, everything by seeking to simplify the method of manufacturing the electrically controllable device.
  • the electro-active medium could be deposited on a substrate coated with a first electronically conductive layer in the form of a varnish to be dried, the thickness of which is perfectly controlled, advantageously less than that of the prior state of the art, and which, once dried, has sufficient mechanical strength to allow direct deposition of the second electronically conductive layer.
  • the present invention therefore firstly relates to an electrically controllable device with variable optical / energy properties, characterized in that it comprises the following stack of layers: a substrate with a glass function (Vi);
  • a layer of electro-active varnish based on at least one binder polymer containing the constituents of an electroactive medium formed by: at least one electroactive organic compound (eai + ) capable of being reduced and / or accepting electrons and cations acting as compensation charges; at least one electroactive organic compound (ea2) capable of oxidizing and / or ejecting electrons and cations acting as compensation charges; at least one of said electroactive organic compounds (ea / ea2) being electrochromic to obtain a color contrast; and ionic charges able to allow, under the action of an electric current, reactions oxidizing and reducing said electroactive organic compounds (ea / ea2), which are necessary to obtain the color contrast; and a second electrically conductive layer (TCC2) with an associated current supply.
  • VSA electro-active varnish
  • the polymer (s) constituting the base of the varnish (VEA) are in particular chosen from acrylic polymers, siloxanes and silicones.
  • the electroactive organic compound (s) are in particular chosen from acrylic polymers, siloxanes and silicones.
  • (eai + ) may or may be chosen from bipyridiniums or viologenes such as 1,1'-diethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium diperchlorate, pyraziniums, pyrimidiniums, quinoxaliniums, pyryliums, pyridiniums and tetrazoliums , verdazyls, quinones, quinodimethanes, tricyanovinylbenzenes, tetracyanoethylene, polysulfides and disulphides, as well as all the electro-active polymeric derivatives of the electro-active compounds just mentioned; and the electroactive organic compound (s) (e ⁇ 2) is or are chosen from metallocenes, such as cobaltocenes, ferrocenes, N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylphenylenediamine (TMPD), phenothiazines such as phenothiazine, dihydrophenazines
  • the ionic charges may be borne by at least one ionic salt present in the layer of varnish, the ionic salt or salts being chosen in particular from lithium perchlorate, the salts trifluoromethanesulfonates or triflates, trifluoromethanesulfonylimide salts and ammonium salts.
  • the varnish layer has a thickness at most equal to 100 microns.
  • An electronically conductive layer (TCCi;
  • TCC2 may be a layer of metal type, chosen in particular from the layers of silver, gold, platinum and copper; or transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers, such as tin - doped indium oxide (In 2 Oa: Sn or ITO) layers, antimony - doped indium oxide (In 2 ⁇ 3: S b ), fluorine-doped tin oxide
  • TCO transparent conductive oxide
  • TCO / metal / TCO multilayers the TCO and the metal being in particular chosen from those enumerated above; or type of the multilayer of the NiCr / metal / NiCr type, the metal being chosen in particular from those enumerated above.
  • the TCCi layer may also be in the form of a grid or a microgrid. It may also comprise an organic and / or inorganic sub-layer, particularly in the case of plastic substrates, as described in the international application WO 2007/057605.
  • An organic varnish layer and / or a layer or a stack of inorganic layers may or may be deposited on the second electronically conductive layer (TCC 2 ) in order to protect electrically controllable device from mechanical aggression such as scratching or chemical attack due to example to oxygen or the humidity of the ambient air.
  • the organic protection varnish of the TTC 2 may be based on siloxane and the inorganic layer or the stack of inorganic layers may be based on SiaN 4 or SiO x for example.
  • Composite organic / organic layer composite stacks can also be used.
  • the glass-function substrate (Vi) may be chosen from glass and transparent polymers, such as poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly (ethylene naphthoate) (PEN) and copolymers of cycloolefins (COC).
  • PMMA poly (methyl methacrylate)
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PET poly (ethylene terephthalate)
  • PEN poly (ethylene naphthoate)
  • COC copolymers of cycloolefins
  • the glass-function substrate (Vi) disposed on the outside of the glazing may be a toughened glass or a laminated glass, the latter consisting of two sheets of glass (V ia ) and (V ib ) separated by an intermediate sheet laminating material (I), for example a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) sheet or an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) sheet.
  • I intermediate sheet laminating material
  • PV ia polyvinyl butyral
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • the electrically controllable device of the invention may be configured to form: a roof for a motor vehicle, activatable autonomously, or a side window or a rear window for a motor vehicle or a rearview mirror; a windshield or a portion of a windshield of a motor vehicle or an airplane or a ship, an automobile roof; an airplane porthole; a display panel of graphical and / or alphanumeric information; indoor or outdoor glazing for the building; a roof window; a display stand, store counter; a protective glazing of an object of the table type; an anti-glare computer screen; glass furniture; a partition wall of two rooms inside a building.
  • the electrically controllable device of the invention can be mounted in double glazing, a second glass-function substrate (V 2 ) being attached to the side of the second electronically conductive layer (TCC 2 ) with the interposition of a blade of a gas, such as that the air or argon, between it and said second electronically conductive layer (TCC2).
  • the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing an electrically controllable device as defined above, characterized in that it is deposited on a substrate with a glass function (Vi; Vi a -I-Vi b ) coated a first electronically conductive layer
  • TMCi a layer of electro-active varnish (VEA) based on at least one binder polymer containing:
  • At least one electroactive organic compound (eai + ) capable of being reduced and / or of accepting electrons and cations acting as compensation charges; at least one electroactive organic compound
  • ionic charges capable of allowing, under the action of an electric current, oxidation and reduction reactions of said electroactive organic compounds (eai + & ea2), which are necessary to obtain the color contrast; then, after drying of the varnish (VEA), a second electronically conductive layer (TCC2), then, in the case where it is desired to produce a double glazing, a second substrate with a glass function is reported
  • V 2 on the side of the second electronically conductive layer (TCC 2 ) with the interposition of a gas strip, such as air or argon, between it and said second electronically conductive layer (TCC2).
  • a gas strip such as air or argon
  • the varnish layer (VEA) can advantageously be deposited by application by spraying, watering or trickling, by screen printing or by rotational deposition or centrifugation technique or by an ink jet technique.
  • PE-CVD magnetron plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a building double glazing incorporating the electrically controllable device in its conventional configuration
  • Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 but in a configuration of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but showing a variant of the configuration of the invention.
  • the "K-glass TM” glass used in these examples is a glass covered with an electroconductive layer of SnO2: F (glass sold under this name by the company "Pilkington”)
  • An electroactive varnish formulation was prepared by mixing 0.25 g of 5,10-dihydro-5,10-dimethylphenazine with 0.50 g of 1,1'-diethyl-diperchlorate.
  • a masking of the areas of SnO2: F not covered with varnish is performed on the substrate coated with electroactive varnish.
  • a layer of 300 nm of ITO is then deposited by magnetron sputtering onto K-glass TM glass coated with electroactive varnish.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
EP09796654A 2008-12-04 2009-12-01 Dispositif electrocommandable a epaisseur controlee de milieu electro-actif et de fabrication simplifiee et son procede de fabrication Withdrawn EP2374039A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0858280A FR2939526B1 (fr) 2008-12-04 2008-12-04 Dispositif electrocommadable a epaisseur controlee de milieu electro-actif et de fabrication simplifiee et son procede de fabrication
PCT/EP2009/066165 WO2010063729A1 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-12-01 Dispositif electrocommandable a epaisseur controlee de milieu electro-actif et de fabrication simplifiee et son procede de fabrication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2374039A1 true EP2374039A1 (fr) 2011-10-12

Family

ID=40793167

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09796654A Withdrawn EP2374039A1 (fr) 2008-12-04 2009-12-01 Dispositif electrocommandable a epaisseur controlee de milieu electro-actif et de fabrication simplifiee et son procede de fabrication

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20110216389A1 (ru)
EP (1) EP2374039A1 (ru)
JP (1) JP2012511166A (ru)
KR (1) KR20110100203A (ru)
CN (1) CN102239442A (ru)
EA (1) EA201170744A1 (ru)
FR (1) FR2939526B1 (ru)
WO (1) WO2010063729A1 (ru)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102239442A (zh) 2011-11-09
EA201170744A1 (ru) 2011-12-30
FR2939526A1 (fr) 2010-06-11
JP2012511166A (ja) 2012-05-17
FR2939526B1 (fr) 2010-12-24
US20110216389A1 (en) 2011-09-08
KR20110100203A (ko) 2011-09-09
WO2010063729A1 (fr) 2010-06-10

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